Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 课文译文和重点知识清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

新人教版高中英语必修一Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 基础和重点知识梳理清单 LIVING LEGENDS 活着的传奇 Help us choose some “Living Legends of Sports”. They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. Here are our first two choices. 来帮助我们选出“体育界的活传奇”吧。他们必须所在运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。以下是我们首批筛选出来的两位传奇人物。 Lang Ping 郎平 As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were world champions! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil. 作为一名运动员，郎平为她的国家带来了诸多荣誉。作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上屡获殊荣。作为个人，郎平深受国内外深受球迷的喜爱。当中国队在准备2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。郎平组建的团队处于崩溃的边缘。最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题而离队。失去两大主力队员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平并没有灰心。她以前也遇到过各种困难，她知道只要她这些年轻的运动员们拧成一股绳通力合作，就能获胜。两周后，她们真成了世界冠军！随后在2016年，郎平又带领她的排球队在巴西勇夺奥运会金牌。 Michael Jordan 迈克尔·乔丹 When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. “I can accept failure; everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 迈克尔·乔丹双脚离地的那一瞬间时，时间似乎都凝固了。这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的运动员用他那优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示出来的精神力量使他脱颖而出。在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到办法获胜。乔丹说，他成功的秘诀在于从失败中学习。“我可以接受失败，每个人都会遭遇失败；但我决不能接受不去尝试。” 赛场上失利教会他更努力地训练和永不放弃。在生活中，乔丹学会了与他人分享自己的成功。他在芝加哥创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。 Send your suggestions for ““Living Legends of Sports” to LLS@sport.net. 请将你推荐的“体育界的活传奇”发送至LLS@sport.net。 一、基础词汇梳理 🧩 ✂️ 初中核心词汇 单词/短语 中文释义 真题示例（简写版） athletes 运动员 "Athletes who are masters in their sports..." challenge 挑战 "Losing two players was a big challenge." coach 教练 "As a coach, she led the team to medals." determination 决心 "Her determination was tested during the World Cup." glory 荣耀 "Brought honour and glory to her country." injured 受伤的 "One of the best players had been injured." mental strength 精神力量 "Mental strength made Jordan unique." practise harder 更努力训练 "Losing games taught him to practise harder." unique 独特的 "His mental strength made him unique." ✂️ 初中高频短语 短语/结构 中文释义 真题示例（简写版） set good examples 树立榜样 "Athletes must set good examples for others." lose heart 灰心 "Lang Ping did not lose heart." work together as a team 团队合作 "They could win if they worked together as a team." face difficulties 面对困难 "She had faced difficulties before." never give up 永不放弃 "Jordan taught us to never give up." lead...to medals 带领…获得奖牌 "She led the team to medals at the Olympics." 二、细致解析🧩 1. 词汇精准拓展： · mental strength（精神力量） 拆分记忆：mental（心理的） + strength（力量）， 同义短语“mental power”。 · injured（受伤的） 区分近义词：hurt（轻微受伤） vs. injured（较严重受伤，如运动损伤）。 2. 短语用法强化： · lead...to medals  “to”表目标或结果，类似表达：lead...to victory/success。 · face difficulties（主动面对困难） vs. encounter difficulties（偶然遇到困难），强调主动性差异。 3. 真题例句要点： · "She led the team to medals."（一般过去时） 考察学生时态：lead-led-led。 · "Losing two players was a challenge."（动名词作主语） 重点训练句子成分分析。 三、分层练习设计🧩 例题1（初中基础） · 用短语补全句子： Lang Ping did not ______ even when her team lost key players. A. lose heart B. set examples C. face difficulties 例题2（初高衔接） · 翻译句子： “运动员的精神力量让他们与众不同。” → Mental strength makes athletes ______. 答案速查 例1：A（lose heart） 例2：unique 一、高中重点词汇梳理 🎯 高考高频词 单词/短语 中文释义 真题范例（课文原句） determination 决心（抽象名词） "Her determination was tested..." persistence 坚持不懈 "Jordan’s persistence taught him to practise harder." unique 独特的/独一无二的 "His mental strength made him unique..." graceful 优雅的 "Jordan changed basketball with his graceful moves." legacy 遗产/传世成就 "They are considered living legends and created a great legacy." collapse 坍塌/垮掉 "The team was falling apart (近义短语)." resilience 韧性/恢复力 "Lang Ping’s resilience led her team to victory." championship 锦标赛 "They won medals at world championships..." inspire 激励 "Athletes inspire young people to work hard." collaborative 协作的 "Collaborative efforts are key to team success." ✂️ 高中高频短语与结构 短语/句型 中文释义 真题范例（课文原句） be tested 经受考验 "Her determination was tested during the World Cup." fall apart 崩溃/分崩离析 "The team she built was falling apart." adapt to challenges 适应挑战 "Athletes must adapt to challenges to succeed." share success with others 与他人分享成功 "Jordan learned to share his success with others." overcome obstacles 克服障碍 "They overcame obstacles to win the gold medal." a testament to... ...的证明 "Their victory is a testament to teamwork." 二、深度解析与拓展🎯 1. 词汇精准区分 · determination vs. persistence（决心 vs. 坚持） · Determination：强调明确的目标和不动摇的意志 如：Lang Ping’s determination to win · Persistence：强调持续行动，即使面对困难也不停止 如：Jordan’s persistence in practising · unique vs. special（独特性辨析） · Unique：独一无二，无法复制 如：Jordan’s unique mental strength · Special：特别，但不一定唯一 如：The game was special to the fans 2. 句法结构强化 ✂️抽象名词作主语（高频写作句型） "Losing games taught him to practise harder." 语言点：动名词短语（Losing games）作主语，增强句子逻辑性。 ✂️被动语态（强调动作承受者） "Her determination was tested in the 2015 World Cup." 语言点：被动语态突出“决心”的考验而非动作发出者。 三、分层练习设计（高中难度） 练习1：词汇运用（选词填空） 1. Lang Ping’s __________ (determination/persistence) helped her team win even with injured players. 2. Jordan’s __________ (graceful/unique) basketball moves changed the sport forever. 练习2：长难句分析（划主干） 1. "The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart, but she refused to lose heart." · 主句：__________________________ · 从句：__________________________ 答案与解析 练习1：1. determination（强调目标明确的决心） 2. graceful（优雅的动作修饰） 练习2： 主句：The team...was falling apart（主系表结构） 从句：that Lang Ping had built（定语从句修饰team） 四、重构语境巩固重点词汇 The young athletes faced difficulties when their star player was injured. However, the coach encouraged them to work together as a team and never lose heart. Through determination and practising harder, they overcame the challenge. Finally, their mental strength and teamwork led them to medals, bringing glory to their school. They proved that even under pressure, one can set good examples by staying unique and united. 年轻的运动员们在主力队员受伤后面临困难。然而，教练鼓励他们以团队协作，不要灰心丧气。凭借决心和更刻苦的训练，他们战胜了挑战。最终，他们的精神力量与团队合作带领他们夺得奖牌，为学校带来荣耀。他们证明，即使在压力下，也能通过保持独特性和团结树立良好榜样。 🔑英译中挑战：遮盖下方译文，抽选长句口头翻译 GOING POSITIVE 积极向上 I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online. I tried no-fat, low-fat, 5: 2, only bananas, no bananas—I almost went bananas, too. 我总是想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩，尽管我知道明知这不可能。我非常担心我的体重，也尝试了我网上看到的每一种新的减肥饮食方案。我试过无脂肪、低脂肪、5：2饮食法、只吃香蕉、不吃香蕉——(最后)我几近疯狂。 Then I read an article that said instead of asking “Am I fat?” I should be asking “Am I fit?” I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”, I would say “I want to run two kilometres in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”. Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple. 后来，我看到一篇文章，说不要问自己“我胖吗？”而应该问“我健康吗？” 我没料到一词之差，能有如此大的区别！一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，情况就有了变化。我不会说“我想减掉三公斤”，我会说“我要在八分钟内跑完两公里”或者“我希望能做30个俯卧撑”。我不再抗拒我喜爱的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品。我仍然偶尔可以吃一个汉堡，但我会加上一份沙拉或一个苹果。 Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. Instead, I made a list of the things I liked about myself. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. 最后，我不再拿自己与女演员和模特比较，不再寻找我的脸蛋或身材的缺陷。相反，我把对自己满意的地方列了一张清单。通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。 一、核心词汇与短语梳理 基础重点词（情绪与健康主题） 单词/短语 中文释义 文章例句 slim 苗条的 "I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV..." diet 饮食 "tried every new diet I read about online..." fit 健康的 "Am I fit?" push-ups 俯卧撑 "I want to be able to do 30 push-ups." positive 积极的 "By being positive... I became happier..." compare with 比较 "stopped comparing myself with actresses..." 高频短语与结构 短语/句型 中文释义 语言功能与逻辑 went bananas 发疯 用夸张表达挫败感，增强叙事趣味性 make a difference 产生影响 "a letter could make such a difference"（引出改变启示） cutting out the foods 戒掉食物 "Rather than cutting out..."（对比新旧行为） add... to meals 增加健康饮食 展示具体解决方案的动词短语 make a list of... 列出清单 系统解决问题的开始 二、分层句式模仿（写作迁移） 初阶模仿（替换主题词） 原句：By being positive about myself, I became happier and healthier. 通过积极看待自己，我变得更加开心和健康了。 仿写：By _______________________ , I became __________________. 通过专注于进步，我变得更加自信了。 高阶仿写（逻辑扩充） 原句：Instead of asking ‘Am I fat?’, I should ask ‘Am I fit?’ 我不再问自己“我胖吗？”，相反，我应该问“我健康吗？”。 仿写：Rather than/Instead of ___________________________________, I ____________________________________‘How can I improve?’ 我不再问我自己“我是个失败者吗？”，相反，我开始问自己“我应该如何提高？”。 答案示例 仿写：focusing on progress, more confident; asking ‘Am I a failure?’, started asking 三、练习与巩固（适应初中难度） 练习1：选词填空 1. Trying to look like ______ (slim/positive) models made her stressed. 2. After reading the article, she focused on being ______ (fit/collapse) instead of thin. 练习2：仿写句子（替换动词和名词） 原句："Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods." 仿写："Instead of avoiding __________, I started __________." 答案示例 练习1：1. slim 2. fit 练习2："Instead of avoiding video games, I started studying actively." 四、重构语境巩固重点词汇 I used to compare myself with those slim models online and felt upset about my body. I tried crazy diets, like eating only vegetables or skipping meals, which almost made me go bananas. But one day, I read a story saying, “Ask ‘Am I fit?’ not ‘Am I fat?’” That simple change made a huge difference! I stopped cutting out my favorite snacks and began adding fruits or salads to my meals. Instead of staring at the mirror, I set goals like doing 20 push-ups a day or running faster. Now, I feel positive about myself. Making a list of my strengths helped me become healthier and happier. 我曾经总把自己和网上那些苗条的模特比较，并为自己的身材感到烦恼。我尝试过疯狂的节食，比如只吃蔬菜或不吃饭，这让我几乎崩溃发疯。但有一天，我读到一句话：“要问‘我健康吗？’而不是‘我胖吗？’”，这个简单的改变带来了巨大不同！我不再戒掉喜爱的零食，而是开始添加水果或沙拉到饮食中。我不再盯着镜子，而是设定每天做20个俯卧撑或跑得更快的目标。如今，我对自己感到积极。列出一份优点清单让我变得更健康、更快乐。 🔑英译中挑战：遮盖下方译文，抽选长句口头翻译 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$