精品解析：河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学北湖校区2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

河南省信阳高级中学北湖校区 2024-2025学年高二下期03月测试（一） 英语试题 分值：150分 时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1.答题前请填好自己的姓名，班级，考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 一、单项选择(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分) 1. It’s thought that one’s anxiety often occurs as a result of his unsuccessful _____ to the new surroundings. A. expectation B. adaptation C. variation D. reputation 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们认为，一个人的焦虑往往是由于他不能适应新环境的结果。A. expectation期待；B. adaptation适应；C. variation变化，变动；D. reputation名声。由“to the new surroundings”可知，句子表示“一个人的焦虑往往是由于他不能适应新环境的结果”，空格处意为“适应”。故选B。 2. By the end of last week we ___________ 200 pictures from the spaceship. A. receiving B. received C. have received D. had received 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到上周末为止，我们已经收到了来自宇宙飞船的200张图片。“by+一个时间”作状语时，时态用完成时，“the end of last week”是一个过去的时间，因此句子用过去完成时，表示在过去的一个时间点之前已经完成的动作，因此空格处是had received。故选D。 3. Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to food and supplies. A. aid B. deliver C. affect D. bury 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。A. aid帮助；B. deliver运送；C. affect影响；D. bury埋。由“Dangerous conditions and damaged roads”和“food and supplies”可知，句子表示“危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难”，空格处意为“运送”，故选B。 4. He hurried to the airport, _________ the plane _________. A. to find; had taken on B. only to find; had taken off C. only finding; had left D. found; had taken up 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和动词短语辨析。句意：他匆忙赶到机场，却发现飞机已经起飞了。A. to find发现（不定式）； had taken on呈现；B. only to find发现（不定式）；had taken off 起飞；C. only finding发现（现在分词）；had left离开； D. found发现（过去式或过去分词）； had taken up开始从事。分析句子结构可知，第一空需填入不定式作结果状语，only 与不定式连用表示令人失望的结果；第二空缺少从句的谓语部分，从句动作发生在主句之前，主句为一般过去时，从句用过去完成时，短语 take off表示“起飞”，符合句意。综上，故选B。 【点睛】 5. If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A. highlight B. identify C. ignore D. prevent 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。 6. To avoid being late for the party next Tuesday, Mr. Smith wrote the agreed time on a piece of paper to ________ himself. A. remind B. contact C. apply D. contain 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免下周二聚会迟到，史密斯先生把约定的时间写在一张纸上提醒自己。A. remind提醒；B. contact联系；C. apply申请；D. contain包含。根据“Mr. Smith wrote the agreed time on a piece of paper”可知，史密斯先生写下时间是为了提醒自己。故选A。 7. Over the past centuries, an amazing picture of Yangshao Culture________ across China, mainly along the Yellow River. A. emerged B. had emerged C. was emerged D. has emerged 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，一幅令人惊叹的仰韶文化图景在中国各地出现，主要是在黄河沿岸。根据句中的时间状语over the past centuries可知，该句子应该用现在完成时；主语an amazing picture of Yangshao Culture和谓语动词emerge之间是主动关系，所以应该用主动语态。故选D项。 8. Having a thorough physical examination regularly helps to check for disease that may not have any________ at first. A. symptom B. signal C. symbol D. similarity 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：定期进行全面的身体检查有助于查出最初可能没有任何症状的疾病。A. symptom症状；B. signal信号；C. symbol符号；D. similarity相似性。根据“Having a thorough physical examination regularly”可知，定期检查身体有助于查出最初可能没有症状的疾病。故选A。 9. Tom’s parents’ behavior, as well as their words ________ a key effect on him during the past twenty years. A. have B. have had C. has had D. has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间状语“during the past twenty years”可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当“as well as”并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就远原则，即和“behavior”保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 10. The number of companies selling computers since January 2012. A. are dropping B. is dropping C. have dropped D. has dropped 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：自2012年1月以来，销售电脑的公司数量有所下降。drop“下降”。根据句中时间状语since January 2012可知，句子时态应使用现在完成时态，又因“The number of + n.”作主语时视为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选D项。 11. This kind of fruit ________ lots of vitamins, vitamin D ________. A. includes; containing B. contains; included C. containing; included D. including; contained 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析、一般现在时和非谓语。句意：这种水果富含很多种维生素，包括维生素D。contain意为“包含；包括”，侧重包含的“内容”或“成分”，include意为“包含；把……列为一部分”。分析句子可知，第一个空处为谓语动词，且描述一般事实，需使用一般现在时，这种水果的成分中包含有多种维生素，应选动词contain，主谓This kind of fruit为单数形式，故填第三人称单数contains。第二个空表示“包含（其中的一部分）”，应用include，此处考查独立结构，vitamin D与include之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词。故选B项。 12. The yearly income of the newspaper dropped ________ from $57.8 billion in 2020 to $14.3 billion in 2021. A. dramatically B. potentially C. slightly D. steadily 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：该报的年收入从2020年的578亿美元急剧下降到2021年的143亿美元。A. dramatically显著地；B. potentially潜在地；C. slightly稍微；D. steadily稳定地。根据后文“from $57.8 billion in 2020 to $14.3 billion in 2021”可知收入是显著下降了。故选A项。 13. The terrorist escaped across the ______ of the two countries, which made things even worse. A. board B. broad C. border D. boast 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：恐怖分子越境逃走，使情况更糟。A. board甲板；B. broad宽广的；C. border国界；D. boast夸耀。结合常识，恐怖分子是跨越国境线逃走。故选C项。 14. It’s difficult to how much time the project will take. A. count B. complete C. calculate D. account 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难算出这个项目需要多少时间。A. count计算（指逐一算出总数）；B. complete完成；C. calculate计算（指通过数学方法，逻辑推理等得出数字结果）；D. account解释，说明。根据句中“how much time the project will take”可知，此处指通过逻辑推理等计算出这个项目需要多少时间，划线部分意为“算出”，与C选项意思相近。故选C。 15. He will be punished by law because he made no _______at all to save the dying boy. A. remark B. attempt C. sign D. action 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：他将因为没有对那个垂死的男孩施救而受到法律的制裁。remark评论，sign 标牌， action行动， make attempt to do 意为“试图做”，故B项正确。 16. As they face the threat of ________, the rapid decline in the population of certain species is a major concern for environmentalists. A. expansion B. growth C. continuation D. extinction 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于它们面临灭绝的威胁，某些物种的数量迅速减少是环保主义者的主要担忧。A. expansion扩展；B. growth成长；C. continuation 继续；D. extinction灭绝。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“灭绝”，故用extinction，作of的宾语。故选D。 17. Their facial features were virtually ______, making it difficult to tell them apart. A. profound B. identical C. relevant D. modest 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的面部特征几乎完全相同，很难将他们区分开来。A. profound意义深远的；B. identical完全相同的；C. relevant相关的；D. modest谦虚的。根据making it difficult to tell them apart以及句意可知，这里指他们的面部特征是“相同的”，很难区分。故选B项。 18. They carry out ________ checks on milk products to make sure that they are of high quality. A. common B. natural C. ordinary D. regular 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。A. common共同的；B. natural自然的；C. ordinary普通的；D. regular有规律的。句意：他们定期对乳制品进行检查，以确保它们是高质量的。故选D。 19. The old man insisted that I_________his wallet. A. has stolen B. stole C. should steal D. had stolen 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：那位老人坚持认为我偷了他的钱包。insist后接宾语从句，若表示“坚持说”，不虚拟；若表示“坚持要求”，即强调未发生的动作或状态时，宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。根据“his wallet(他的钱包)”可知，此处表示“坚持说”，谓语动词不使用虚拟语气，因句子表示的是在表示过去的动作insisted之前发生的动作，谓语动词使用过去完成时“had done”形式，故选D。 20. How happy we are!The holiday we have been looking forward to_________at last. A. having come B. had come C. has come D. have come 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们多么快乐啊！我们一直期待的假期终于来了。本句是一个主从复合句，其中有一个定语从句“we have been looking forward to(我们一直期待的)”修饰先行词holiday，主句缺少谓语动词，根据“How happy we are(我们多么快乐啊)”可知，此处描述的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数形式，故选C。 二、阅读理解（共两节，共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，共37.5分） A There are many historical buildings scattered throughout Cardiff which makes strolling around the city a memorable experience. St Fagans National History Museum St Fagans National Museum of History is an open-air museum in Cardiff chronicling the historical lifestyle, culture, and architecture of the Welsh people. The museum consists of more than forty re-erected buildings from various locations in Wales, and is set in the grounds of St Fagans Castle, a Grade I listed Elizabethan manor house. Tel: +443001112333 Hours: 10:00 AM — 5:00 PM Bute Park Bute Park is 53 acres of landscaped gardens and trees that were once the surrounding grounds of Cardiff Castle. The grounds and Castle Green were landscaped in the 1700s by the renowned gardener Capability Brown. The park lies on the east bank of the River Taff, next to Cardiff Castle. It is made up of flower gardens, an arboretum and recreational areas, most of the area is grass and woods and lanes lined with trees. Tel: +442920872730 Hours: 7:30 AM — 6:30 PM Cardiff Central Library Hub Cardiff Central Library is the main library in the city center of Cardiff, Wales. At Central Library Hub we can help you with welfare and benefit advice, the housing waiting list and support you if you are facing homelessness. The Hub also provides a library service offering a wide variety of books and computer access. You can also get one-stop help with bus pass applications. The self-service scanning station allows you to upload housing benefit evidence. We hold a weekly housing surgery where you can get face-to-face advice from our team. We also run community activities for groups of all ages. Tel: +442920382116 Hours: 11:00 AM — 11:00 PM 21. We can learn about something of the Welsh people throughout history in St Fagans National History Museum, except ______. A. Their way of life B. Their culture C. Their gardening D. Their architecture 22. What would be the best choice if you want to get close to nature? A. St Fagans National History Museum. B. Bute Park. C. Cardiff Central Library Hub. D. All of these. 23. If you are in need, which number you can call for help? A. +443001112333. B. +442920872730. C. +442920382116. D. +442920372131. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述的是Cardiff的三个历史建筑相关的一些信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据St Fagans National History Museum部分中的“St Fagans National Museum of History is an open-air museum in Cardiff chronicling the historical lifestyle, culture, and architecture of the Welsh people.(St Fagans National History Museum是Cardiff的一座露天博物馆，记录了威尔士人民的历史生活方式、文化和建筑。)”可知，我们在St Fagans National History Museum可以了解到历史上威尔士人民的生活方式，文化以及建筑，该部分没有提到威尔士人的园艺信息。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bute Park部分中的“The park lies on the east bank of the River Taff, next to Cardiff Castle. It is made up of flower gardens, an arboretum and recreational areas, Most of the area is grass and woods and lanes lined with trees.(公园位于塔夫河的东岸，紧挨着卡迪夫城堡。它由花园、植物园和休闲区组成，大部分地区是草地和树林，小路两旁是树木。)”可知，Bule Park里大部分区域都有草地植被覆盖，由此可知，如果想接近大自然的话，Bute Park是最好的选择。故选B项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cardiff Central Library Hub部分中的“At Central Library Hub we can help you with welfare and benefit advice, the housing waiting list and support you if you are facing homelessness.(在中央图书馆中心，我们可以帮助您获得福利和福利建议，住房等候名单，并在您面临无家可归时为您提供支持。)”可知，该图书馆可以帮助获得福利和福利建议，如果面临无家可归会为你提供支持，由此可知，如果你现在有困难，可以寻求Cardiff Central Library Hub为你提供帮助，其对应的电话号码为+442920382116。故选C项。 B When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. My mother has long realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on the phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to shout at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人). I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing (令人相信的), “This is Mrs. Tan.” And my mother was standing beside me, whispering loudly, “Why he don’t send me check already two week late.” And then, in perfect English I said: “I’m getting rather concerned. You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.” Then she talked more loudly. “What he want? I come to New York tell him front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I can’t tolerate any more excuse. If I don’t receive the check immediately, I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.” The next week we ended up in New York. While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real, was shouting to his boss in her broken English. When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world. 24. Why was the author’s mother poorly served? A. She was unable to speak good English. B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard. D. She was not very polite. 25. From Paragraph 2, we know that the author was ______. A. good at pretending B. rude to the stockbroker C. ready to help her mother D. unwilling to phone for her mother 26. What does the author think of her mother’s English now? A. It confuses her. B. It embarrasses her. C. It helps her understand the world. D. It helps her tolerate rude people. 27. What can we infer from the passage? A. Chinese English is clear and natural to native speakers. B. Chinese English may bring inconvenience in America. C. Chinese English has a very bad name in America. D. Chinese English is impolite to native speakers. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了母亲的中式英语让她自己得到不公平的对待，同时也让作者感到很尴尬，但一次与股票公司的交锋让作者对母亲和她的中式英语有了重新的认识。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.(由于英语不好，她经常受到不公平的待遇。百货公司、银行和饭店里的人都不把她当回事，不好好服务她，假装听不懂她的话，甚至装作没听见她的话)”可知，作者的母亲得到糟糕的服务和不公平对待是因为她的英语不好。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on the phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to shout at people who had been rude to her.(我十五岁的时候，她常常让我打电话给别人假装我是她。我被迫向那些对她无礼的人询问信息，甚至对他们大喊大叫) ”可知，作者不愿意打电话给她的母亲。故选D。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.(据我所知，她的语言生动、直接，充满了洞察力和智慧。正是这种语言帮助塑造了我看待事物、表达想法和理解世界的方式)”可知，作者认为她母亲现在的英语水平帮助她了解世界。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.(当我在美国长大时，我为我母亲的中国式英语感到羞耻。由于英语不好，她经常受到不公平的待遇。百货公司、银行和饭店里的人都不把她当回事，不好好服务她，假装听不懂她的话，甚至装作没听见她的话)”可推知，中式英语在美国可能会带来不便。故选B。 C In a number of studies, researchers found highly trained dogs may be more successful than untrained pets in independently solving newly-presented problems. Researchers have discovered that one of the factors (因素) behind this process may be persistence (坚持). It includes reinforcement, the rule that behaviors that are rewarded become stronger and more often. The other side of this is extinction, which refers to the fact that behaviors that are not rewarded grow weaker and become less likely to appear. When extinction sets in, the animal will simply quit before the problem is solved. It is possible that highly trained dogs have learned to persist and thus are less likely to be affected by extinction, which would make them better problem solvers. In this recent study, the researchers looked at 26 adult dogs divided into two groups, “trained dogs” and “pet dogs”. There were two tasks that the dogs were tested on. One was a social learning task where the dog had to learn to look directly into the experimenter’s eyes. Every time the dog stared at the experimenter’s face, they received a treat (reinforcement). Once the dogs were performing this task, the extinction stage began, and the staring behavior was no longer rewarded in order to see how persistent the newly learned behavior was. The second task focused on problem-solving. It involved a flat disk that had bone-shaped plastic bones. The dogs had to learn to remove the plastic bones to get the treat hiding under each one. After the series (一系列) of rewarded experiments, the extinction stage began, and no more reinforcements were provided for removing the bones. In the social learning task, the trained dogs stared at the experimenters more than the pet dogs during extinction. While in the problem-solving task, the trained dogs picked up a larger number of bones during extinction. In other words, for dogs who had been trained, their newly learned behaviors persisted longer and were stronger than the behaviors of the pet dogs who received no training in any area. 28. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By listing a fact. B. By raising a doubt. C. By making a comparison. D. By showing a conclusion. 29. Which of the following can be seen as “reinforcement”? A. Chaining a dog up while walking it every day. B. Giving a goat some grass every time it stands up. C. Putting a fish back into the pool every time it jumps out. D. Shouting at a cat every time it fails to catch a mouse. 30. How can dogs benefit from training in the experiment? A. They are better at helping their friends. B. They can grow stronger than untrained dogs. C. They are more likely to live longer. D. Their newly learned behaviors last longer. 31. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. How to Pick out a Suitable Pet Dog B. Why Persistent Dogs Make Better Pets C. Why Trained Dogs Solve Problems Better D. How Researchers Carry out Animal Experiments 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了训练过的狗比未训练的狗更能独立解决新问题的原因。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“In a number of studies, researchers found highly trained dogs may be more successful than untrained pets in independently solving newly-presented problems. (在多项研究中，研究人员发现，训练有素的狗在独立解决新出现的问题时，可能比未经训练的宠物狗更有成效。)”可知，作者是通过展示一个研究结论来引入章主题的。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It includes reinforcement, the rule that behaviors that are rewarded become stronger and more often. (这其中包括强化作用，即那些得到奖励的行为会变得更强且更频繁出现的规律。)”可知，强化是指受到奖励的行为会变得更加强大和频繁。再根据第三段中“Every time the dog stared at the experimenter’s face, they received a treat (reinforcement). (每次狗盯着实验人员的脸时，它们都会得到一份食物奖励（强化作用）。)”可知，每次狗盯着实验者的脸看时，它们都会得到奖励（强化）。因此，选项B“Giving a goat some grass every time it stands up. (每次山羊站起来时给它一些草)”可以看作是强化，因为它是对山羊站起来这一行为的奖励。故选B。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In other words, for dogs who had been trained, their newly learned behaviors persisted longer and were stronger than the behaviors of the pet dogs who received no training in any area. (换句话说，对于接受过训练的狗来说，它们新学会的行为比那些在任何方面都没有接受过训练的宠物犬的行为，持续的时间更长，也更稳定。)”可知，实验中接受过训练的狗的新学会的行为持续的时间更长。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段中“It is possible that highly trained dogs have learned to persist and thus are less likely to be affected by extinction, which would make them better problem solvers. (很有可能的是，训练有素的狗已经学会了坚持，因此不太容易受到消退作用的影响，这使得它们在解决问题方面表现得更好。)”可知，研究发现，在独立解决新出现的问题方面，训练有素的狗可能比未经训练的宠物更成功，这可能是因为训练有素的狗已经学会了坚持。故C项“Why Trained Dogs Solve Problems Better (为什么经过训练的狗能更好地解决问题)”最适合作文章标题。故选C。 D Siri is a virtual assistant, applied to electronic devices with the ability to recognize humans' speech, answer questions, make recommendations and so on. Ask Siri if she's a woman. Go ahead; ask about her gender. She'll tell you that she' s "genderless". So are many other virtual assistants. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women? Yes. Culturally, we think of them as ladies, too. If we advocate gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so female? It would be easy to blame male designers. Perhaps it's influenced by science fiction. But the biggest reason rests in social science. “Research indicates there's likely to be greater acceptance of female speech,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer communication. MacDorman and his team played male and female voices to people of both genders, and then asked them to identify which they preferred. They reported that both women and men said male voices sounded seemingly indifferent, in comparison. Why do we have such prejudice? Stanford University communication professor Clifford Nass says that people tend to consider female voices to be helpful for them to solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as those from authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. This finding suggests that companies will make a better impression on a broader group of customers with a woman's voice — but not just any voice. It has to be based on a brand's personality. Greg Pal, vice president of business development at Nuance Communications, Inc. insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino's Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like his high school English teacher — educated. That's right for a brand attempting to appeal to guys ordering pies before the big game. As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you customize a voice interface (界面). Siri can become a sir as you want it — if you take the time to reprogram it. 32 Why does Siri sound female? A. Because it is designed by a female. B. Because it is related to social science. C. Because it is affected by gender prejudice. D. Because it is influenced by science fiction. 33. The strength of a virtual assistant with a female voice is that ________. A. it can convey authorities B. it can give direct answers C. it can show warmer feelings D. it can give clearer answers 34. The example of Dom in Domino's Pizza app is used to show that ________. A. the female voice better attracts customers B. the voice needs to match the product’s personality C. the male voice begins to be accepted by customers D. the male voice can be designed to sound like a teacher 35. What is the suitable title of this passage? A. Siri can become a sir. B. Why does Siri sound like a women? C. Siri --- a good virtual assistant. D. Is Siri genderless ? 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Siri等语音技术中多采用女性声音的现象以及背后的原因。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If we advocate gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so female? It would be easy to blame male designers. Perhaps it's influenced by science fiction. But the biggest reason rests in social science.（如果我们在日常生活的其他领域倡导性别多样性，为什么我们的科技听起来如此女性化？这很容易归咎于男性设计师。也许是受到科幻小说的影响。但最大的原因在于社会科学。）”可知，Siri听起来像女性的声音，主要是因为社会科学的影响。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Stanford University communication professor Clifford Nass says that people tend to consider female voices to be helpful for them to solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as those from authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems.（斯坦福大学传播学教授Clifford Nass说，人们倾向于认为女性的声音有助于他们自己解决问题，而他们认为男性的声音来自权威人士，告诉他们问题的答案。）”可知，女性声音更容易给人温暖的感觉，有助于解决问题。其他选项不符合题意。故选C项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It has to be based on a brand's personality.（它必须基于一个品牌的个性。）”可知，该段提到Dom这个例子是为了说明“声音需要与产品的个性相匹配”。故选B项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women? Yes.（但是，伙计，她们的声音听起来很像女人吗？是的。）”可知，文章主要介绍Siri等语音技术为什么多采用女性声音的原因。B项“为什么 Siri 听起来像个女人？”符合题意，适合做标题。故选B项。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分） Studying and preparing is vital to success in exams. It is, however, difficult to know how to best manage your preparation period until you have some experience. This passage offers some ideas to help those still quite new to exams. Start your revision early. There is no substitute for starting early with revision. You need to give yourself enough time to review everything you have studied, and make sure you understand it. ___36___ Organise your study time. ___37___ You will also find that you have more to revise for some subjects than others. It is worth taking the time to plan your revision and consider how much time you might need for each subject. Look after yourself during study and exam time. You will be able to work better if you eat a healthy diet, and get plenty of sleep. This applies to both your exam period, and when you are revising. ___38___ It is also a good idea to take regular exercise when studying. ___39___ Always doing the same thing, for example, reading over your notes on a subject, is likely to be quite dull. Spice up your revision period by trying different exercises and techniques. Alternatives include: ___40___ Drawing mind maps or other summary diagrams to test what you can remember. Organising a discussion group with some friends to consider a particular issue.​ A. Vary your revision techniques. B. Have your own revision techniques. C. Surviving on junk food is not a good idea. D. Last-minute cramming is much less productive. E. Doing some sport to relax and better concentrate. F. Doing practice papers to test your understanding. G. You will almost certainly find some subjects easier than others. 【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. A 40. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍考试之前，如何学习和准备。 【36题详解】 上文“You need to give yourself enough time to review everything you have studied, and make sure you understand it. (你需要给自己足够的时间来复习你学过的所有东西，并确保你理解了它)”建议留出足够的时间复习。结合选项，D项“Last-minute cramming is much less productive. (最后一刻死记硬背的效率要低得多)”与上文语意一致，说明突击复习的缺点，反向证明上文内容。故选D。 【37题详解】 下文“You will also find that you have more to revise for some subjects than others. (你还会发现有些科目需要复习的内容比其他科目要多)”介绍复习功课时可能出现的情况：有些科目需要复习的内容比其他科目要多。结合选项，G项“You will almost certainly find some subjects easier than others. (你几乎肯定会发现有些科目比其他科目容易)”与下文逻辑一致，同样是介绍复习功课时可能出现的情况：有些科目比其他科目容易。故选G。 【38题详解】 上文“You will be able to work better if you eat a healthy diet, and get plenty of sleep. (如果你有健康的饮食和充足的睡眠，你就能更好地工作)”介绍健康饮食和充足睡眠能够让你更好工作。结合选项，C项“Surviving on junk food is not a good idea. (靠垃圾食品生存并不是一个好主意)”不建议垃圾食品，是上文内容的反向表达，但语意一致。故选C。 【39题详解】 空处为小标题。下文“Spice up your revision period by trying different exercises and techniques. (通过尝试不同的练习和技巧来给你的复习期增添情趣。)”建议不同的练习和技巧。结合选项，A项“Vary your revision techniques. (改变你的复习方法)”照应下文，语意一致。故选A。 【40题详解】 上文“Spice up your revision period by trying different exercises and techniques. Alternatives include: (通过尝试不同的练习和技巧来给你的复习期增添情趣。备选方案包括)”为总结句，可知下文要介绍具体的练习和技巧。结合选项，F项“Doing practice papers to test your understanding. (做练习题来测试你的理解)”承接上文，介绍具体如何练习。故选F。 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） One day I was at a community where food was given to those who couldn’t afford it. I was that ____41____ of person, and was homeless for months last year. As I was waiting to be ____42____ to get food, a lady across from me said, “Hey, you look ____43____.” Her words made me ____44____ how I knew her. When I had just found a home after being homeless, I was still___45___for basic things. I went out and held a ____46____ asking for help. She was one of the people who stopped and talked to me and gave me a ____47____ and some money. She was such a nice lady. Actually, she’s been going through some trouble, too. She was in a severe car accident and had to have brain ____48____. Thus, she lost part of her ____49____ and basic ability, and had over a million dollars in medical bills. We sat and talked for a while and hugged again. I felt really sad for her suffering. Sometimes it doesn’t ____50____how the nicest people go through so much. It’s so ____51____ that she and I crossed paths again a year later. She was so positive and kind despite her own trouble. She is truly an ____52____. I feel thankful that people like her cross paths with me, even if ____53____. I’ve really been feeling depressed recently because of things going on in my life.____54____, seeing her again made me ____55____and be thankful for what I do have. 41. A. personality B. feature C. impression D. sort 42. A. ordered B. forced C. called D. advised 43. A. smart B. familiar C. attractive D. generous 44. A. remember B. notice C. doubt D. appreciate 45. A. escaping B. challenging C. struggling D. recovering 46. A. stick B. sign C. bar D. pole 47. A. hug B. kiss C. handshake D. nod 48. A. power B. surgery C. research D. storm 49. A. character B. figure C. memory D. desire 50. A. make sense B. make progress C. make a fortune D. make a difference 51. A. unacceptable B. uncomfortable C. unbelievable D. unbearable 52. A. angel B. actress C. official D. expert 53. A. formally B. secretly C. rudely D. briefly 54. A. Otherwise B. However C. Instead D. Besides 55. A. hesitate B. bend C. shout D. smile 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次遇到同一位生活不幸却乐观善良的女士，深受其感染，学会了感恩一切，笑对生活的故事。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我就是那种人，去年有几个月无家可归。A. personality个性；B. feature特色；C. impression印象；D. sort种类。根据下文“As I was waiting to be ________ to get food,”可知我也在排队领食物，是属于买不起食物的那一类人。故选D项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在等人叫我去拿食物时，我对面的一位女士说：“嘿，你看起来很眼熟。”。A. ordered命令；B. forced强迫；C. called叫；D. advised建议。根据“I was waiting”可知我也是在排队等待，等着叫我去领食物。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在等人叫我去拿食物时，我对面一位女士说:“嘿，你看起来很眼熟。”。A. smart聪明的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“Her words made me ________ how I knew her.”可知，我们之前认识，所以这位女士觉得我看起来眼熟。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话让我记起了我是如何认识她的。A. remember记起；B. notice注意；C. doubt怀疑；D. appreciate欣赏。根据下文“She was one of the people who stopped and talked to me and gave me a ________ and some money.”可知，我记来了这位女士是谁。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我找到一个家，刚结束无家可归的生活的时候，我还在为基本的东西而奋斗。A. escaping逃跑；B. challenging挑战；C. struggling奋斗，争取；D. recovering恢复。根据still(仍然)和下文“I went out and held a ________ asking for help. ”可知，虽然我有了住处，但仍然缺少很多东西，还在为基本生活用品奋斗，struggle for(为……奋斗)。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走出去，举着一个请求帮助的牌子。A. stick棍子；B. sign标牌，标记；C. bar酒吧；D. pole杆。根据“held a ________ asking for help”和常识可知，寻求帮助，手里举着一个牌子。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是停下来和我聊天的人之一，给了我一个拥抱，还给了我一些钱。A. hug拥抱；B. kiss亲吻；C. handshake握手；D. nod点头。根据下文“We sat and talked for a while and hugged again.”可知我们开始的时候进行了拥抱。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她遭遇了一场严重的车祸，不得不做了脑部手术。A. power权力；B. surgery手术；C. research研究；D. storm风暴。结合常识，并根据关键词“a severe car accident”和“brain”可推知，她应该是进行了脑部手术。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她失去了部分记忆和基本能力，并有超过100万美元的医药费。A. character性格；B. figure数字；C. memory记忆；D. desire愿望。根据上文可知，她脑部做了手术，所以记忆受到影响。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时候，最善良的人经历了那么多，真让人难以理解。A. make sense有道理；B. make progress取得进步；C. make a fortune发财；D. make a difference有所作为。根据“how the nicest people go through so much”可知，我学得像她这么好的人却遭受了这么多，这没道理，让人难以理解，it doesn’t make sense(这不合常理)。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一年后，我和她再次相遇，真是难以置信。A. unacceptable不可接受的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. unbearable无法忍受的。两个只有一面之缘的人一年后再见想见，这种缘份令人难以置信。故选C项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她真是个天使。A. angel天使；B. actress女演员；C. official官员；D. expert专家。根据上文“She was so positive and kind despite her own trouble.”可知，尽管命运多舛，但她乐观善良，犹如天使。故选A项。 【53题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很感激像她这样的人能与我相遇，即使短暂。A. formally正式；B. secretly秘密地；C. rudely粗鲁地；D. briefly短暂地。根据上文可知，我们每次相遇都简单交流后就分开，这种相遇是短暂的。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，再次见到她让我笑了，并对我所拥有的一切心存感激。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Instead相反；D. Besides另外。根据下文“seeing her again made me ________ and be thankful for what I do have.”可知，与她见面后，我的心态与之前的“depressed recently ”相比，发生了变化，前后有转折关系。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，再次见到她让我笑了，并对我所拥有的一切心存感激。A. hesitate犹豫；B. bend使弯曲；C. shout大叫；D. smile微笑。根据下文“be thankful for what I do have”可知我的心态有了变化，感恩所拥有的一切，笑对生活中的不幸。故选D项。 第II卷（非选择题共55分） 第一部分 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分；共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（注意：答案请写在答题卡上，写在本卷无效）。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An organization has taken measures ____56____ (add) chopsticks to the Shanghai Intangible Cultural Heritage list recently. Xu Hualong, chairman of the organization, says chopsticks are increasingly ignored in modern China despite the fact ____57____ they are unique Chinese items. China’s neighbor Japan ____58____ (set) aside August 4th as Chopstick Day already. Chopstick culture in Shanghai dates back to the Tang Dynasty, when these items ____59____ (make) in the City God Temple area, enjoyed widespread popularity. After opening as a commercial port, Shanghai is proud of ____60____ (have) the first mechanized (机械化的) production line for chopsticks, ____61____ are not only supplied to Zhongnanhai and Diaoyutai State Guesthouse but also presented to foreign friends ____62____ gifts.. At least 1.8 billion people ____63____ (current) use chopsticks worldwide. Chopsticks, though small, serve as ____64____ means to pass down Chinese civilization. It's believed that recognizing the cultural value of the custom matters in the _____65_____ (promote) of Chinese traditions. 【答案】56. to add 57. that 58. has set 59. made 60. having 61. which 62. as 63. currently 64. a 65. promotion 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海筷子文化及筷子在中国传统文化中的地位和作用。 【56题详解】 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：近日，某组织已采取措施将筷子列入上海市非物质文化遗产名录。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词has taken，无连词，可知这是一个简单句，所以设空处是非谓语动词；根据句意可知，设空处表示目的，表目的要用动词不定式。故填to add。 【57题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：该组织的主席徐华龙说，尽管筷子是中国特有的东西，但在现代中国，人们越来越忽视筷子。根据句意可知，设空处对fact的内容进行解释说明，所以这是一个同位语从句；分析同位语从句句子成分可知，从句不缺名词性成分且句意完整，所以要填that。故填that。 【58题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：中国的邻国日本已经把8月4日定为筷子节。根据时间副词already可知，句子要用现在完成时；主语 China’s neighbor是第三人称单数，助动词要用has。故填has set。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词作定语，句意：上海的筷子文化可以追溯到唐代，当时这些在城隍庙地区制造的物品享有广泛的流行。分析句子成分可知，when引导定语从句修饰Tang Dynasty，主句为Chopstick culture in Shanghai dates back to the Tang Dynasty，从句为these items enjoyed widespread popularity，可推断设空处是非谓语动词；根据句意可知，设空处作定语修饰名词items，与逻辑主语items之间是被动关系，表示被动要用过去分词。故填made。 【60题详解】 考查动名词作宾语。句意：作为商埠开放后，上海为拥有第一条机械化筷子生产线而自豪，生产的筷子不仅供应中南海、钓鱼台国宾馆，还作为礼品赠送给外国朋友。设空处位于介词of后面充当宾语，要用动名词形式。故填having。 【61题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词。句意：作为商埠开放后，上海为拥有第一条机械化筷子生产线而自豪，生产的筷子不仅供应中南海、钓鱼台国宾馆，还作为礼品赠送给外国朋友。根据句意可知，设空句对名词chopsticks起补充说明作用，所以这是一个非限制性定语从句；分析非限制性定语从句句子成分可知，先行词chopsticks在从句中充当主语，先行词指物，所以要用关系代词which。故填which。 【62题详解】 考查介词。句意：作为商埠开放后，上海为拥有第一条机械化筷子生产线而自豪，生产的筷子不仅供应中南海、钓鱼台国宾馆，还作为礼品赠送给外国朋友。根据句意可知，设空处表达“作为”的意思，所以要填as。故填as。 【63题详解】 考查副词修饰动词。句意：目前世界上至少有18亿人使用筷子，虽然很小，但它是传承中华文明的一种手段。根据句意可知，设空处位于动词use前面起修饰作用，所以要用副词形式。故填currently。 【64题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：目前世界上至少有18亿人使用筷子，虽然很小，但它是传承中华文明的一种手段。means意为“方法，手段”，是可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以要填冠词；此处没有特指，且means第一个发音为元音发音，所以要填a。故填a。 【65题详解】 考查名词作宾语。句意：人们认为，认识习俗的文化价值，有助于促进中国传统。设空处位于介词in后面充当宾语，且前面有定冠词the，所以设空处要用名词形式；promote的名词形式为promotion，为不可数名词。故填promotion。 第二部分 写作书面表达（满分40分） 66.应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jeff来信说他感觉学习压力大，通过短视频（short video）才能感觉到放松，你认为这种沉迷于短视频的状况是存在问题的。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.说明问题； 2提出建议； 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 4.可适当增加细节使内容连贯。 Dear Jeff, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jeff, I’m terribly sorry to hear that you are addicted to short videos in order to reduce your pressure. But it won’t work and will even cause the matter worse. Here are a few instructive suggestions you may follow. First of all, if I were you, I would do my best to limit the time spent on short videos each day, so I could spend more time on other meaningful activities and hobbies. What’s more, another step would be finding your life purpose in reality, from enjoying face-to-face conversations with your family and friends to taking a walk in the sunshine. I do hope my advice will be of some help to you Looking forward to your good news. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向英国朋友Jeff写信，就其感觉学习压力大，通过刷短视频才能感觉到放松一事，说明他的问题，给出自己的建议和表达祝愿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 减轻：reduce→mitigate 压力：pressure→stress 尽某人最大努力做某事：do one’s best to do sth.→try one’s best to do sth. 有意义的：meaningful→significant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：But it won’t work and will even cause the matter worse. 拓展句：But it won’t work and will even cause some problems which make you even more stressed. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m terribly sorry to hear that you are addicted to short videos in order to reduce your pressure.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I do hope my advice will be of some help to you.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that） 67.读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For my fourteenth birthday, my mom offered to take me and several friends to the city near our small town to visit a mall, eat pizza in the food court, and then catch a movie. Afterward, we would all return to my house for a slumber party (睡衣晚会). It was just the kind of celebration a teenage girl longed for. On the awaited day, all the friends I’d invited to join me on this birthday trip attended school — except Nora. When it came time to climb aboard the bus and ride together to my home, she still didn’t show up. I felt confused. Then I felt mad. Why did she tell me she’d come to the party and then break her word without letting me know? By the time we returned to my house, I decided to call Nora. When she answered, I demanded to know why she had forgotten my birthday celebration. “It’s my birthday!” I declared. “You’re not coming to my party, and you didn’t even let me know. What kind of friend are you?” Nora explained that she had to stay at home because she was sick. “OK, so you’re sick ... but how was I supposed to know if you didn’t tell me?” I answered. The conversation only grew more heated from there. By the end of it, Nora could only sob sadly as we both hung up the phone. At the mall that night, all of us had a great time. I hardly gave Nora or her absence from our fun another thought. At school on Monday, I avoided seeing her. For the rest of the school year, we barely spoke to one another. I started high school the following year. Our friendship had been relegated (降级) to the past. It happens sometimes, I figured, so I just shrugged it off (不在乎). Years later, I discovered that Facebook had suggested Nora as a friend. We’d attended the same schools, came from the same town, and had many friends in common; it made sense. It was at that moment that I began to reflect on that ugly phone conversation I’d made with Nora all those years before. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)开头已给出。 Recalling what had happened that day, I felt a deep regret for what I had done for the first time. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ But only a few days later, she responded with a message. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version: Recalling what had happened that day, I felt a deep regret for what I had done for the first time. How selfish, self-centered, and self-absorbed I’d been! I didn’t think about how disappointed she must have been about her absence. I didn’t even ask how she was feeling! Seized with regret, I was desperate to make things right. I sent the friend request that Facebook had recommended. Thankfully, Nora accepted. I immediately started composing an apology letter to her. I worked over the words, checking every phrase over and over again before I finally hit “Send”. I wondered if Nora would even remember me and that ugly phone conversation. But only a few days later, she responded with a message. It was a message of heartfelt acceptance and forgiveness. After reading it, I felt a heavy load slip off my mind. I reread the message, in which she expressed how she’d missed me after that birthday celebration weekend. Nora had always valued our friendship and it broke her heart that it ended. From then on, we kept each other updated on what was happening in our lives. I was glad that I had reached out to fix my mistake and that Nora was tenderhearted enough to grant forgiveness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在14岁生日那天邀请朋友们来家里，但是Nora没有出现，作者给Nora打电话，Nora说自己病了，作者责怪Nora不来参加聚会也不说一声，她们争吵，不愉快地挂了电话，后来她们没再说话，友谊已经成为过去，多年以后Facebook推荐作者加Nora为好友，就在那一刻，作者开始回想起多年前Nora打过的那段不愉快的电话。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“回想起那天发生的事情，我第一次对自己的所作所为感到深深的后悔。”可知，第一段可描写作者反省自己的错误，加Nora为好友并向她道歉。 ②由第二段首句内容“但仅仅几天后，她就回复了一条信息。”可知，第二段可描写Nora原谅了作者，她们重拾了友谊。 2.续写线索：作者反省——后悔——发送请求——写道歉信——读消息——感到如释重负——保持联系——修正错误和原谅 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发送：send/transmit ②写信：compose a letter/write a letter ③修正：fix/correct 情绪类 ①后悔：regret/repentance ②高兴：glad/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1] I reread the message, in which she expressed how she’d missed me after that birthday celebration weekend. (由“介词in+关系代词which”引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] From then on, we kept each other updated on what was happening in our lives. (由what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 河南省信阳高级中学北湖校区 2024-2025学年高二下期03月测试（一） 英语试题 分值：150分 时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1.答题前请填好自己的姓名，班级，考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 一、单项选择(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分) 1. It’s thought that one’s anxiety often occurs as a result of his unsuccessful _____ to the new surroundings. A. expectation B. adaptation C. variation D. reputation 2. By the end of last week we ___________ 200 pictures from the spaceship. A. receiving B. received C. have received D. had received 3. Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to food and supplies. A. aid B. deliver C. affect D. bury 4. He hurried to the airport, _________ the plane _________. A. to find; had taken on B. only to find; had taken off C. only finding; had left D. found; had taken up 5. If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A. highlight B. identify C. ignore D. prevent 6. To avoid being late for the party next Tuesday, Mr. Smith wrote the agreed time on a piece of paper to ________ himself. A. remind B. contact C. apply D. contain 7. Over the past centuries an amazing picture of Yangshao Culture________ across China, mainly along the Yellow River. A. emerged B. had emerged C. was emerged D. has emerged 8. Having a thorough physical examination regularly helps to check for disease that may not have any________ at first. A. symptom B. signal C. symbol D. similarity 9. Tom’s parents’ behavior, as well as their words ________ a key effect on him during the past twenty years. A. have B. have had C. has had D. has 10. The number of companies selling computers since January 2012. A. are dropping B. is dropping C. have dropped D. has dropped 11. This kind of fruit ________ lots of vitamins, vitamin D ________. A. includes; containing B. contains; included C. containing; included D. including; contained 12. The yearly income of the newspaper dropped ________ from $57.8 billion in 2020 to $14.3 billion in 2021. A. dramatically B. potentially C. slightly D. steadily 13. The terrorist escaped across the ______ of the two countries, which made things even worse. A. board B. broad C. border D. boast 14. It’s difficult to how much time the project will take. A. count B. complete C. calculate D. account 15. He will be punished by law because he made no _______at all to save the dying boy. A. remark B. attempt C. sign D. action 16. As they face the threat of ________, the rapid decline in the population of certain species is a major concern for environmentalists. A. expansion B. growth C. continuation D. extinction 17. Their facial features were virtually ______, making it difficult to tell them apart. A. profound B. identical C. relevant D. modest 18. They carry out ________ checks on milk products to make sure that they are of high quality. A. common B. natural C. ordinary D. regular 19 The old man insisted that I_________his wallet. A. has stolen B. stole C. should steal D. had stolen 20. How happy we are!The holiday we have been looking forward to_________at last. A. having come B. had come C. has come D. have come 二、阅读理解（共两节，共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，共37.5分） A There are many historical buildings scattered throughout Cardiff which makes strolling around the city a memorable experience. St Fagans National History Museum St Fagans National Museum of History is an open-air museum in Cardiff chronicling the historical lifestyle, culture, and architecture of the Welsh people. The museum consists of more than forty re-erected buildings from various locations in Wales, and is set in the grounds of St Fagans Castle, a Grade I listed Elizabethan manor house. Tel: +443001112333 Hours: 10:00 AM — 5:00 PM Bute Park Bute Park is 53 acres of landscaped gardens and trees that were once the surrounding grounds of Cardiff Castle. The grounds and Castle Green were landscaped in the 1700s by the renowned gardener Capability Brown. The park lies on the east bank of the River Taff, next to Cardiff Castle. It is made up of flower gardens, an arboretum and recreational areas, most of the area is grass and woods and lanes lined with trees. Tel: +442920872730 Hours: 7:30 AM — 6:30 PM Cardiff Central Library Hub Cardiff Central Library is the main library in the city center of Cardiff, Wales. At Central Library Hub we can help you with welfare and benefit advice, the housing waiting list and support you if you are facing homelessness. The Hub also provides a library service offering a wide variety of books and computer access. You can also get one-stop help with bus pass applications. The self-service scanning station allows you to upload housing benefit evidence. We hold a weekly housing surgery where you can get face-to-face advice from our team. We also run community activities for groups of all ages. Tel: +442920382116 Hours: 11:00 AM — 11:00 PM 21. We can learn about something of the Welsh people throughout history in St Fagans National History Museum, except ______. A. Their way of life B. Their culture C. Their gardening D. Their architecture 22. What would be the best choice if you want to get close to nature? A. St Fagans National History Museum. B. Bute Park. C. Cardiff Central Library Hub. D. All of these. 23. If you are in need, which number you can call for help? A. +443001112333. B. +442920872730. C. +442920382116. D. +442920372131. B When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. My mother has long realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on the phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to shout at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人). I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing (令人相信的), “This is Mrs. Tan.” And my mother was standing beside me, whispering loudly, “Why he don’t send me check already two week late.” And then, in perfect English I said: “I’m getting rather concerned. You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.” Then she talked more loudly. “What he want? I come to New York tell him front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I can’t tolerate any more excuse. If I don’t receive the check immediately, I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.” The next week we ended up in New York. While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real, was shouting to his boss in her broken English. When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world. 24. Why was the author’s mother poorly served? A. She was unable to speak good English. B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard. D. She was not very polite. 25. From Paragraph 2, we know that the author was ______. A. good at pretending B. rude to the stockbroker C. ready to help her mother D. unwilling to phone for her mother 26. What does the author think of her mother’s English now? A. It confuses her. B. It embarrasses her. C. It helps her understand the world. D. It helps her tolerate rude people. 27. What can we infer from the passage? A. Chinese English is clear and natural to native speakers. B. Chinese English may bring inconvenience in America. C. Chinese English has a very bad name in America. D. Chinese English is impolite to native speakers. C In a number of studies, researchers found highly trained dogs may be more successful than untrained pets in independently solving newly-presented problems. Researchers have discovered that one of the factors (因素) behind this process may be persistence (坚持). It includes reinforcement, the rule that behaviors that are rewarded become stronger and more often. The other side of this is extinction, which refers to the fact that behaviors that are not rewarded grow weaker and become less likely to appear. When extinction sets in, the animal will simply quit before the problem is solved. It is possible that highly trained dogs have learned to persist and thus are less likely to be affected by extinction, which would make them better problem solvers. In this recent study, the researchers looked at 26 adult dogs divided into two groups, “trained dogs” and “pet dogs”. There were two tasks that the dogs were tested on. One was a social learning task where the dog had to learn to look directly into the experimenter’s eyes. Every time the dog stared at the experimenter’s face, they received a treat (reinforcement). Once the dogs were performing this task, the extinction stage began, and the staring behavior was no longer rewarded in order to see how persistent the newly learned behavior was. The second task focused on problem-solving. It involved a flat disk that had bone-shaped plastic bones. The dogs had to learn to remove the plastic bones to get the treat hiding under each one. After the series (一系列) of rewarded experiments, the extinction stage began, and no more reinforcements were provided for removing the bones. In the social learning task, the trained dogs stared at the experimenters more than the pet dogs during extinction. While in the problem-solving task, the trained dogs picked up a larger number of bones during extinction. In other words, for dogs who had been trained, their newly learned behaviors persisted longer and were stronger than the behaviors of the pet dogs who received no training in any area. 28 How does the author introduce the topic? A. By listing a fact. B. By raising a doubt. C. By making a comparison. D. By showing a conclusion. 29. Which of the following can be seen as “reinforcement”? A. Chaining a dog up while walking it every day. B. Giving a goat some grass every time it stands up. C. Putting a fish back into the pool every time it jumps out. D. Shouting at a cat every time it fails to catch a mouse. 30. How can dogs benefit from training in the experiment? A. They are better at helping their friends. B. They can grow stronger than untrained dogs. C. They are more likely to live longer. D. Their newly learned behaviors last longer. 31. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. How to Pick out a Suitable Pet Dog B. Why Persistent Dogs Make Better Pets C. Why Trained Dogs Solve Problems Better D. How Researchers Carry out Animal Experiments D Siri is a virtual assistant, applied to electronic devices with the ability to recognize humans' speech, answer questions, make recommendations and so on. Ask Siri if she's a woman. Go ahead; ask about her gender. She'll tell you that she' s "genderless". So are many other virtual assistants. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women? Yes. Culturally, we think of them as ladies, too. If we advocate gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so female? It would be easy to blame male designers. Perhaps it's influenced by science fiction. But the biggest reason rests in social science. “Research indicates there's likely to be greater acceptance of female speech,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer communication. MacDorman and his team played male and female voices to people of both genders, and then asked them to identify which they preferred. They reported that both women and men said male voices sounded seemingly indifferent, in comparison. Why do we have such prejudice? Stanford University communication professor Clifford Nass says that people tend to consider female voices to be helpful for them to solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as those from authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. This finding suggests that companies will make a better impression on a broader group of customers with a woman's voice — but not just any voice. It has to be based on a brand's personality. Greg Pal, vice president of business development at Nuance Communications, Inc. insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino's Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like his high school English teacher — educated. That's right for a brand attempting to appeal to guys ordering pies before the big game. As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you customize a voice interface (界面). Siri can become a sir as you want it — if you take the time to reprogram it. 32 Why does Siri sound female? A. Because it is designed by a female. B. Because it is related to social science. C. Because it is affected by gender prejudice. D. Because it is influenced by science fiction. 33. The strength of a virtual assistant with a female voice is that ________. A. it can convey authorities B. it can give direct answers C. it can show warmer feelings D. it can give clearer answers 34. The example of Dom in Domino's Pizza app is used to show that ________. A. the female voice better attracts customers B. the voice needs to match the product’s personality C. the male voice begins to be accepted by customers D. the male voice can be designed to sound like a teacher 35. What is the suitable title of this passage? A. Siri can become a sir. B. Why does Siri sound like a women? C. Siri --- a good virtual assistant. D. Is Siri genderless ? 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分） Studying and preparing is vital to success in exams. It is, however, difficult to know how to best manage your preparation period until you have some experience. This passage offers some ideas to help those still quite new to exams. Start your revision early. There is no substitute for starting early with revision. You need to give yourself enough time to review everything you have studied, and make sure you understand it. ___36___ Organise your study time. ___37___ You will also find that you have more to revise for some subjects than others It is worth taking the time to plan your revision and consider how much time you might need for each subject. Look after yourself during study and exam time. You will be able to work better if you eat a healthy diet, and get plenty of sleep. This applies to both your exam period, and when you are revising. ___38___ It is also a good idea to take regular exercise when studying. ___39___ Always doing the same thing, for example, reading over your notes on a subject, is likely to be quite dull. Spice up your revision period by trying different exercises and techniques. Alternatives include: ___40___ Drawing mind maps or other summary diagrams to test what you can remember. Organising a discussion group with some friends to consider a particular issue.​ A. Vary your revision techniques. B. Have your own revision techniques. C. Surviving on junk food is not a good idea. D. Last-minute cramming is much less productive. E. Doing some sport to relax and better concentrate. F. Doing practice papers to test your understanding. G. You will almost certainly find some subjects easier than others. 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） One day I was at a community where food was given to those who couldn’t afford it. I was that ____41____ of person, and was homeless for months last year. As I was waiting to be ____42____ to get food, a lady across from me said, “Hey, you look ____43____.” Her words made me ____44____ how I knew her. When I had just found a home after being homeless, I was still___45___for basic things. I went out and held a ____46____ asking for help. She was one of the people who stopped and talked to me and gave me a ____47____ and some money. She was such a nice lady. Actually, she’s been going through some trouble, too. She was in a severe car accident and had to have brain ____48____. Thus, she lost part of her ____49____ and basic ability, and had over a million dollars in medical bills. We sat and talked for a while and hugged again. I felt really sad for her suffering. Sometimes it doesn’t ____50____how the nicest people go through so much. It’s so ____51____ that she and I crossed paths again a year later. She was so positive and kind despite her own trouble. She is truly an ____52____. I feel thankful that people like her cross paths with me, even if ____53____. I’ve really been feeling depressed recently because of things going on in my life.____54____, seeing her again made me ____55____and be thankful for what I do have. 41. A. personality B. feature C. impression D. sort 42. A. ordered B. forced C. called D. advised 43. A. smart B. familiar C. attractive D. generous 44. A. remember B. notice C. doubt D. appreciate 45. A. escaping B. challenging C. struggling D. recovering 46. A. stick B. sign C. bar D. pole 47. A. hug B. kiss C. handshake D. nod 48. A. power B. surgery C. research D. storm 49. A. character B. figure C. memory D. desire 50. A. make sense B. make progress C. make a fortune D. make a difference 51. A. unacceptable B. uncomfortable C. unbelievable D. unbearable 52. A. angel B. actress C. official D. expert 53. A. formally B. secretly C. rudely D. briefly 54. A. Otherwise B. However C. Instead D. Besides 55. A. hesitate B. bend C. shout D. smile 第II卷（非选择题共55分） 第一部分 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分；共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（注意：答案请写在答题卡上，写在本卷无效）。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An organization has taken measures ____56____ (add) chopsticks to the Shanghai Intangible Cultural Heritage list recently. Xu Hualong, chairman of the organization, says chopsticks are increasingly ignored in modern China despite the fact ____57____ they are unique Chinese items. China’s neighbor Japan ____58____ (set) aside August 4th as Chopstick Day already. Chopstick culture in Shanghai dates back to the Tang Dynasty, when these items ____59____ (make) in the City God Temple area, enjoyed widespread popularity. After opening as a commercial port, Shanghai is proud of ____60____ (have) the first mechanized (机械化的) production line for chopsticks, ____61____ are not only supplied to Zhongnanhai and Diaoyutai State Guesthouse but also presented to foreign friends ____62____ gifts.. At least 1.8 billion people ____63____ (current) use chopsticks worldwide. Chopsticks, though small, serve as ____64____ means to pass down Chinese civilization. It's believed that recognizing the cultural value of the custom matters in the _____65_____ (promote) of Chinese traditions. 第二部分 写作书面表达（满分40分） 66.应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jeff来信说他感觉学习压力大，通过短视频（short video）才能感觉到放松，你认为这种沉迷于短视频的状况是存在问题的。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.说明问题； 2.提出建议； 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 4.可适当增加细节使内容连贯。 Dear Jeff, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 67.读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For my fourteenth birthday, my mom offered to take me and several friends to the city near our small town to visit a mall, eat pizza in the food court, and then catch a movie. Afterward, we would all return to my house for a slumber party (睡衣晚会). It was just the kind of celebration a teenage girl longed for. On the awaited day, all the friends I’d invited to join me on this birthday trip attended school — except Nora. When it came time to climb aboard the bus and ride together to my home, she still didn’t show up. I felt confused. Then I felt mad. Why did she tell me she’d come to the party and then break her word without letting me know? By the time we returned to my house, I decided to call Nora. When she answered, I demanded to know why she had forgotten my birthday celebration. “It’s my birthday!” I declared. “You’re not coming to my party, and you didn’t even let me know. What kind of friend are you?” Nora explained that she had to stay at home because she was sick. “OK, so you’re sick ... but how was I supposed to know if you didn’t tell me?” I answered. The conversation only grew more heated from there. By the end of it, Nora could only sob sadly as we both hung up the phone. At the mall that night, all of us had a great time. I hardly gave Nora or her absence from our fun another thought. At school on Monday, I avoided seeing her. For the rest of the school year, we barely spoke to one another. I started high school the following year. Our friendship had been relegated (降级) to the past. It happens sometimes, I figured, so I just shrugged it off (不在乎). Years later, I discovered that Facebook had suggested Nora as a friend. We’d attended the same schools, came from the same town, and had many friends in common; it made sense. It was at that moment that I began to reflect on that ugly phone conversation I’d made with Nora all those years before. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)开头已给出。 Recalling what had happened that day, I felt a deep regret for what I had done for the first time. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ But only a few days later, she responded with a message. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $