知能小卷(一) UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS(教用Word)-【赢在微点·轻松课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

知能小卷一　UNIT 1 (时间:90分钟　满分:120分) 第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 　　Since 50 years ago, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain Computer Interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines. Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michelle Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated (展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person􀆳s thoughts. In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts. “Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These cells send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says, “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.” The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp (头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.” He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time. 　　【语篇解读】　这是一篇科普说明文。本文介绍了BCI脑机接口技术,它能帮助残疾人向计算机输送指令。 好词　①command n. 命令; 指令; 指挥; 控制; 管辖; v.命令; 指挥; ②nerve cell 神经细胞; ③ external adj. 外部的; 外面的; 外界的 1.What is BCI? A. BCI is a technology that can link the human brain with computers. B. BCI is a technology that can help to update computer systems. C. BCI is a technology that can help the disabled to recover. D. BCI is a technology that can control a person􀆳s thoughts. 答案与解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Brain Computer Interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.”可知,BCI技术能帮助残疾人向机器发送指令。故A项正确。 2.How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory? A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine. C. By using his mind. D. By moving his hand. 答案与解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知Tavella只是思考移动他的左右手就能操作这个轮椅,甚至当他观察这台机器时就能进行交流,也能用他的思想指导机器人工作。因此机器人是在人脑的思想支配下进行工作的。故C项正确。 3.Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center B. New Findings about How the Human Brain Works C. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries D. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled 答案与解析　D　标题归纳题。本文为科普说明文,开篇点题,介绍科学家研究的这项新技术BCI对残疾人大有裨益。故D项正确。 B 　　In the summer of 1885, nine⁃year⁃old Joseph Meister was very ill. He had been wounded by a sick dog that had rabies (狂犬病), a very dangerous disease. His parents were told that there was probably only one man who could save Joseph􀆳s life—Louis Pasteur. When Pasteur was a young boy in France, he spent many hours every day with the chemist (药剂师) who lived in his small town. At that time, the chemist had to make all the medicines himself. Young Louis enjoyed watching the chemist as he worked and helped those people who came to him each day. As a school boy, Pasteur worked slowly and carefully. At first, his teachers thought that young Louis might be a slow learner. Through elementary school, high school, and college, Pasteur worked in the same thoughtful way. Then he became a college professor and scientist, and he continued to work very carefully. Pasteur was studying about the germs (细菌) that cause rabies when Joseph Meister became ill.In fact, Pasteur believed he had a medical treatment for rabies, but he had never given it to a person before. At first, Pasteur was afraid to treat Joseph, but the poor child was dying. Pasteur gave Joseph an inoculation (预防接种) every day for ten days. Slowly, the child became better. During his lifetime, Pasteur studied germs and learned how they cause diseases in animals and people. He developed vaccinations (疫苗) that prevent many of these diseases. On September 28,1895, Louis Pasteur passed away at the age of 72. The work of this great man has been of great help to modern medicine. 　　【语篇解读】　本文介绍伟大的科学家Louis Pasteur以及他对现代医学做出的巨大贡献。 好词　①elementary school 小学; ②medical treatment 医疗; ③germ n. 微生物; 细菌 4.The story of Joseph Meister is given to 　　　　.  A. express the author􀆳s sadness B. introduce the subject of the text C. show some common diseases in 1885 D. warn children to stay away from dogs 答案与解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段“In the summer of 1885, nine⁃year⁃old Joseph Meister was very ill. He had been wounded by a sick dog that had rabies (狂犬病), a very dangerous disease. His parents were told that there was probably only one man who could save Joseph􀆳s life—Louis Pasteur.”可知,Joseph Meister得了病,被患狂犬病的狗咬伤,这是一种非常危险的疾病。他的父母被告诉只有Louis Pasteur能救Joseph的命。因此推断讲述Joseph Meister的故事是为了引出文章主题,向人们介绍Louis Pasteur及他为人类做出的贡献。故选B。 5.According to the text, young Louis 　　　　.  A. was once badly hurt by a dog B. was very interested in medicine C. made a living by working for a chemist D. was highly thought of by his teachers 答案与解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Young Louis enjoyed watching the chemist as he worked and helped those people who came to him each day.”可知,Young Louis喜欢看药剂师工作,并乐意帮助那些每天来他这儿的人们。因此推断他对医学感兴趣。故选B。 6.We can learn from paragraph 3 that Louis Pasteur 　　　　.  A. was always patient B. was clever but proud C. was a slow learner D. was a humorous professor 答案与解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“As a school boy, Pasteur worked slowly and carefully.”(作为一名学生,他学习慢而细心。)和最后一句中的“he continued to work very carefully”(他继续非常细心地工作)可知,他做事时非常有耐心。故选A。 7.What would be the best title for the text? A. Germs and Diseases B. Rabies: a Terrible Disease C. The Earliest Chemist in France D. Louis Pasteur: a Great Scientist 答案与解析　D　标题归纳题。通读全文特别是最后一段最后一句“The work of this great man has been of great help to modern medicine.”(这位伟人的工作对现代医学有极大的帮助。)可推断,本文主要讲述Louis Pasteur是一位伟大的科学家。故选D。 C 　　US inventor Thomas Alva Edison once said: “Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration.” He was not exaggerating. Perspiration, indeed, plays a very important role in Chinese scientist Tu Youyou􀆳s success. Tu was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering a new drug for malaria, a deadly disease caused by the bite of some types of mosquito. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science. “It is the pride of the whole Chinese science community, which will inspire more Chinese scientists.” China Daily noted. Malaria is a disease that infects around 200 million people and kills about half a million people each year,according to the Economist. Tu􀆳s discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world. According to the World Health Organization, by 2013 malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with 2000. But the road to this achievement was a tough one to travel. In the late 1960s, during the “Cultural Revolution” (1966-1976), Tu joined a government project on which she began research on a new malaria drug. In the beginning, Tu read a lot of old folk remedies (药方), searched texts that were hundreds or thousands of years old and travelled to remote places. Over several months, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and created a list of almost 380 possible remedies. “This was the most challenging stage of the project,” Tu told the Beijing News. “It was a very labor⁃demanding and dull job, in particular when you faced one failure after another.” But the hard work and the dullness failed to break the team􀆳s spirit. In the following months, she and her team tested the remedies on malaria⁃infected mice and they found that an extract (提取物) from the plant qinghao seemed to work well. Not that the work was easier after that. The fact that the extract didn􀆳t always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates. But Tu was ambitious to make a contribution to the world and so she encouraged her teammates to keep going. They decided to start again from the beginning. In 1971, they were rewarded for their efforts. After nearly 200 failures, Tu finally made an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites. The extract was called “Artemisinin (青蒿素)”. “Thanks to decades of hard work, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people every year,” said the Nobel Prize Committee. “It has greatly improved human health and reduced suffering.” 　　【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了据《经济学人》报道,疟疾是一种每年感染约2亿人并导致约50万人死亡的疾病,而屠呦呦的发现拯救了数百万人的生命。根据世界卫生组织的数据,到2013年,疟疾死亡人数比2000年下降了47%。文章也说明了屠呦呦和她的团队发现青蒿素的过程。 好词　①inspiration n.灵感; 启发灵感的人(或事物); ②perspiration n. 汗; 汗水; 努力 8.What can we learn from the passage? A. Tu Youyou is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize. B. Compared with 2000, malaria deaths had fallen to 53% in 2013. C. The work became easier after Tu found an extract from qinghao. D. Artemisinin is the most effective extract to kill malaria parasites. 答案与解析　D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“After nearly 200 failures, Tu finally made an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites. The extract was called ‘Artemisinin(青蒿素)’.”(在将近200次失败后,屠呦呦终于制成了一种对疟原虫100%有效的提取物。这种提取物被称为“青蒿素”。)可知,青蒿素是杀死疟原虫最有效的提取物。故选D。 9.What does the underlined word “combat” mean in the last paragraph? A. Treat. B. Fight. C. Spot. D. Anticipate. 答案与解析　B　词义猜测题。根据下文“these diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people every year”可知,经过几十年的努力,屠呦呦和她的团队为人类“抗击”这些每年影响数亿人的疾病提供了强大的新手段,故可推测画线单词意思为“对抗;抗击”,故选B。 10.How many stages did Tu and her team go through to get Artemisinin? A. Seven. B. Six. C. Five. D. Four. 答案与解析　C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the late 1960s, during the ‘Cultural Revolution’ (1966-1976), Tu joined a government project on which she began research on a new malaria drug.” (20世纪60年代末,在“文化大革命”期间(1966-1976),屠呦呦加入了一个政府项目,开始研究一种新的疟疾药物。)为研究第一阶段;根据第五、六段“In the beginning, Tu read a lot of old folk remedies (药方), searched texts that were hundreds or thousands of years old and travelled to remote places.”及“Over several months, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and created a list of almost 380 possible remedies.” (一开始,屠呦呦读了很多古老的民间偏方,搜索了有几百年或几千年历史的文献,去了偏远的地方。)及(几个月后,屠呦呦和她的团队收集了600多种植物,列出了380种可能的治疗方法。)为研究的第二、三阶段;第八段中的“In the following months, she and her team tested the remedies on malaria⁃infected mice and they found that an extract (提取物) from the plant qinghao seemed to work well.” (在接下来的几个月里,她和她的团队在感染疟疾的老鼠身上测试了这些药物,他们发现一种植物青蒿的提取物似乎很有效。)为研究第四阶段;倒数第二段中的“After nearly 200 failures, Tu finally made an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites. The extract was called ‘Artemisinin (青蒿素)’.” (在将近200次失败后,屠呦呦终于制成了一种对疟原虫100%有效的提取物。这种提取物被称为“青蒿素”。)为研究第五阶段。综上可知屠呦呦和她的团队获得青蒿素经历了五个阶段。故选C。 11.What is the best title for the passage? A. Discovering Qinghao B. Sending out a Lifeline C. Perspiration and Inspiration D. The Secrets to Tu Youyou􀆳s Success 答案与解析　B　标题归纳题。根据第三段“Malaria is a disease that infects around 200 million people and kills about half a million people each year, according to the Economist. Tu􀆳s discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world. According to the World Health Organization, by 2013 malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with 2000.”(据《经济学人》报道,疟疾是一种每年感染约2亿人并导致约50万人死亡的疾病。屠呦呦的发现拯救了数百万人的生命,尤其是在发展中国家。根据世界卫生组织的数据,到2013年,疟疾死亡人数比2000年下降了47%。)以及文章主要内容为屠呦呦青蒿素的发现挽救了数百万人的生命可知,B选项符合文章标题。故选B。 D 　　The earth is warming. The past years are the warmest on record. Greenhouse gases from human activities are responsible for 1.1 ℃ of average warming since 1900. What we􀆳re experiencing is different from the global average. We experience extreme weather—historic droughts, serious heatwaves, violent storms and catastrophic (灾难性的) floods. We won􀆳t feel the impact of our efforts for decades. But we must know our future today so we can act now. To develop the best strategies for adaptation, we need climate models to predict the climate in different regions over decades. Unlike predicting the weather, climate models are multi⁃decade simulations (模拟) modeling the physics chemistry and biology of the atmosphere, waters, ice, land and human activities. Greater resolution is needed to model changes in the global climate. Scientists estimate that these resolutions will demand billions of times more computing power than what􀆳s currently available. It would take decades to achieve that through the ordinary course of computing advances. For the first time, we have the technology to do that. We can achieve million⁃x speedups by combining three technologies: GPU⁃accelerated computing; breakthroughs in physics⁃informed neural (神经的) networks and AI supercomputers, along with vast quantities of data to learn from. With these techniques, we may have within our grasp the billion⁃x leap needed to do ultra⁃high⁃resolution (超高分辨率) climate modeling. And with more accurate predictions people and nations will act with more urgency. NVIDIA this week announced plans to build the world􀆳s most powerful AI supercomputer used to predict climate change Named Earth⁃2, the system would create a digital twin of the Earth. The system would be the climate change to Cambridge⁃1 the world􀆳s most powerful AI supercomputer for healthcare research. 　　【语篇解读】　这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了鉴于全球变暖所带来的危害,为了制定最佳的适应策略,科学家们计划建造世界上最强大的用于预测气候变化的人工智能超级计算机。 好词　①average n.平均;平均数;②model v. 模拟;将……做成模型;③urgency n. 紧急;紧急的事 12.What is one of the results mentioned in the text of global warming? A. Water shortage. B. Loss of coastal cities. C. Rise of sea level. D. More extreme weather. 答案与解析　D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“What we􀆳re experiencing is different from the global average. We experience extreme weather—historic droughts, serious heatwaves, violent storms and catastrophic (灾难性的) floods.”可知全球变暖导致的结果之一就是我们经历了更极端的天气,如干旱、热浪和洪水,故选D项。 13.Why is it difficult to model global climate? A. It will cost billions of money. B. The climate changes frequently. C. Technology now can􀆳t meet the needs. D. The model of the earth is too difficult to build. 答案与解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知要模拟全球气候需要超高的分辨率,普通计算机要发展几十年才能达到这个计算能力,故目前的计算机技术是不能满足要求的,所以建模全球气候很困难,故选C项。 14.What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. What advance AI has made recently. B. What makes it hard to model the global climate. C. What makes modelling the global climate possible. D. What scientists􀆳 plan to model the global climate is. 答案与解析　C　主旨大意题。根据文章第四段可知,因为目前的计算机技术达不到要求,但是我们可以通过三种技术实现百万倍的加速,即这三种技术的结合能够解决目前计算机技术不能达到要求这一问题,即使得模拟全球气候成为可能,故本段主要讲述了什么使得模拟全球气候成为可能,故选C项。 15.What is the text? A. A travel guide. B. A news report. C. A short story. D. A science fiction. 答案与解析　B　推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了鉴于全球变暖所带来的危害,为了制定最佳的适应策略,科学家们计划建造世界上最强大的用于预测气候变化的人工智能超级计算机,故推测本文是一篇关于科技方面的新闻报道,故选B项。 第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 　　根据下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 　　People who experience face blindness can have a hard time in their social life. They have trouble remembering or recognizing faces. The term “face blindness” isn􀆳t exactly accurate though. 　16　 They just can􀆳t put all the parts together into one coherent image that they remember and recognize when they see it again, which is why proper name for face blindness is prosopagnosia, or literally “not knowing the face”.  　17　 These clues include the way they sound (their voice or accent), the way they look (body size, shape or height), the way they smell, their clothing, their hair (style, colour or length) and obvious features on their face (beards, piercings, heavy eyebrow, glasses).  　18　 Because they􀆳re not always unique to one person and they can change. This is why face blindness can cause so much stress.  If you don􀆳t experience face blindness, you􀆳ve probably never given much thought to your ability to recognize familiar people or how important that is to your social interactions and feelings of safety. But imagine if you didn􀆳t know whether the person approaching you is a friend or a stranger. 　19　 Or imagine not being able to find the teacher when you need to use the toilet, because your teacher wears glasses and none of the adults in the room are wearing glasses today. 　20　  A. These are important ways to remember someone􀆳s face. B. Do you say hello or just keep on walking? C. Those with face blindness have to use other clues to recognize people. D. It􀆳s easy to see the effect this would have on your social skills and confidence. E. These are much less effective ways to recognize someone. F. There are tests you can take to get an idea about your face⁃recognizing abilities. G. They actually can see faces. 答案与解析　 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述的是患有脸盲症的人在社交生活中会遇到困难,他们很难记住或识别面孔。 好词　①coherent adj.合乎逻辑的; 有条理的; ②piercing adj. 锐利的; 逼人的; 尖利的 16.G　上文提示“不过,‘脸盲’一词并不完全准确。”承接上文,G项“They actually can see faces.” (他们实际上可以看到人脸。)切题。故选G。 17.C　下文提示“这些线索包括他们说话的方式(声音或口音),他们看起来的样子(体型,身材或身高),他们的气味,他们的衣服,他们的头发(风格,颜色或长度)和他们脸上明显的特征(胡子,耳洞,浓眉,眼镜)。”承接下文,C项“Those with face blindness have to use other clues to recognize people.”(那些脸盲症患者必须使用其他线索来识别人。)切题。该项中的“other clues”和下文中的“These clues”相吻合。故选C。 18.E　下文提示“因为它们并不总是独一无二的,它们可以改变。”承接下文,E项“These are much less effective ways to recognize someone.” (这些都是不太有效的识别一个人的方法。)切题。故选E。 19.B　上文提示“但是想象一下,如果你不知道接近你的人是朋友还是陌生人。”承接上文,B项“Do you say hello or just keep on walking?” (你是打招呼还是继续走?)切题。故选B。 20.D　上文提示“或者想象一下,当你需要上厕所的时候找不到老师,因为你的老师戴着眼镜,而今天房间里没有一个成年人戴着眼镜。”承接上文,D项“It􀆳s easy to see the effect this would have on your social skills and confidence.”(很容易看出这会对你的社交技能和自信产生影响。)切题。故选D。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 　　阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many people tend to bring electronic products when travelling, including me. Last year I just ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience: the iPad. Instead of looking at nature, I 　21　 my e⁃mail. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading 　22　 newspapers each morning. So this year I made up my mind to try something 　23　: getting away from the Internet. I knew it wouldn􀆳t be easy, 　24　 I􀆳m not good at self⁃control. But I was 　25　. I started by 　26　 the iPad to my wife. Then, a stroke of luck: The mobile phone 　27　 at our cabin was worse than in the past. I was trapped in a small circle and 　28　 to carry out my plan: reading books.   With determination and the strong support of my wife, I succeeded in my vacation struggle 　29　 the Internet. I finally 　30　 that it was me, of course, not the iPad, that was the 　31　.   I knew I had 　32　 when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi⁃Fi. “Don􀆳t need it,” I said. 　33　, as we return to work, a test begins: Can I 　34　 when I􀆳m back at work? I had no intention of 　35　 my iPad completely. But I hope to resist the temptation (抵抗诱惑) to use it every five minutes.  21.A. received B. selected C. checked D. removed 22.A. online B. informal C. local D. traditional 23.A. attractive B. logical C. magical D. different 24.A. since B. unless C. though D. so 25.A. excited B. shocked C. determined D. frightened 26.A. showing B. handing C. sending D. introducing 27.A. quality B. design C. signal D. technology 28.A. concerned B. continued C. inspired D. forced 29.A. against B. for C. on D. to 30.A. expected B. realized C. permitted D. suggested 31.A. puzzle B. sign C. evidence D. problem 32.A. won B. forgotten C. suffered D. recovered 33.A. Somehow B. Anyway C. However D. Therefore 34.A. survive B. change C. escape D. continue 35.A. taking apart B. giving up C. turning to D. caring about 答案与解析　 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在假期进行的一场远离网络的战争。 好词　①convenience n. 方便; 适宜; 便利; ②cabin n. 小屋;小棚屋; ③resist v. 抵制; 阻挡; 反抗 21.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意:我没有去欣赏自然,而是查看我的电子邮件。receive “收到”;select “挑选”;check “查看”;remove “迁移”。上文说平板电脑毁了“我”的暑假,因此“我”在平板电脑上查看邮件,故C项正确。 22.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我每天早上都在网上看新闻,而不是读好看的小说。online “在线的”;informal “非正式的”;local “当地的”;traditional “传统的”。根据“newspapers each morning”可知,在平板电脑上在线查看新闻,故A项正确。 23.D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所以今年我决定尝试一些不同的事情:远离网络。attractive “有吸引力的”;logical “合逻辑的”;magical “有魔力的”;different “不同的”。上文说去年平板电脑毁了“我”的暑假,所以今年“我”决定尝试一些不同的事情:远离网络,故D项正确。 24.A　考查连词词义辨析。句意:我知道这不容易,因为我自控能力差。since “因为”;unless “除非”;though “尽管”;so “所以”。自控能力差是很难远离网络的原因,故A项正确。 25.C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但我下定了决心。excited “兴奋的”;shocked “震惊的”;determined “坚决的”;frightened “害怕的”。虽然这很不容易,但“我”下定决心(要远离网络),故C项正确。 26.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意:我是从把平板电脑交给妻子开始的。show “展示”;hand “递,交给”;send “发送”;introduce “介绍”。“我”决心要远离网络,所以“我”把平板电脑交给妻子,故B项正确。 27.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后,幸运的是:我们屋里的手机信号比过去更糟了。quality “质量”;design “设计”;signal “信号”;technology “技术”。对想远离网络的“我”来说,屋里的手机信号比原来更不好是个好消息,故C项正确。 28.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意:我被困在一个小圈子里,被迫执行我的计划。concern “关心”;continue “继续”;inspire “鼓舞”;force “强迫”。屋里的手机信号比原来更不好了,这样就更不能上网了,这逼着“我”执行“我”的计划,故D项正确。 29.A　考查固定短语。句意:有了自己的决心和妻子的坚定支持,我成功地在假期中与网络做斗争。struggle against 表示“和……斗争”,故A项正确。 30.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意:最后“我”意识到问题出在我身上,当然不是平板电脑。expect “期望”;realize “意识到”;permit “允许”;suggest “建议”。空后的“that it was me, of course, not the iPad, that was the 　31　”是“我”从与网络斗争中意识到的教训,故B项正确。  31.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。puzzle “谜”;sign “记号”;evidence “证据”;problem “问题”。通过这场战争,“我”意识到“平板电脑毁了我的暑假”这一问题在于“我”自己,而不是平板电脑,故D项正确。 32.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们路过一家星巴克时,妻子问我是否想进去使用Wi⁃Fi,我说“不需要”,那一刻我知道我赢了。 win “获胜”;forget “忘记”;suffer “遭受”;recover “恢复”。故A项正确。 33.C　考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,当我们回到工作中时,一个考验开始了:当我回到工作中时,我能继续(远离网络)吗?somehow “不知怎地”;anyway “不管怎样”;however “然而”;therefore “因此”。根据句意可知前后是转折关系,故C项正确。 34.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。survive “幸存”;change “改变”;escape “逃离”;continue “继续”。虽然在假期与网络的斗争中“我”取得了阶段性胜利,但“我”担心的是回到工作中自己是否还能继续远离网络,故D项正确。 35.B　考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不打算完全放弃我的平板电脑。take apart “拆开”;give up “放弃”;turn to “转向”;care about “关心”。空后说但“我”希望能抵抗每五分钟使用一次的诱惑,这说明“我”不打算完全放弃使用平板电脑,故B项正确。 第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　Tu Youyou, a famous female chemist and 　36　 (scientific), was born in Ningbo,Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930. In 1951, she was 　37　 (admit) into Beijing University, majoring 　38　 pharmacognosy and graduated in 1955. She worked at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences in Beijing after 　39　 (graduate). In 1969, she became 　40　 head of the project and performed numerous tests. In 1971, Tu􀆳s team succeeded in 　41　(discover) and developing artemisinin to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world,for 　42　 she won many big awards. To our excitement and delight, she 　43　 (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5th, 2015, becoming the first Chinese woman 　44　 (win) the Nobel Prize. We are called on to learn from her and devoted 　45　 (we) to scientific research.  答案与解析　 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家屠呦呦的事迹。 好词　①numerous adj. 无数的;②call on呼吁 36.scientist　考查名词。句意:屠呦呦,1930年12月30日出生于浙江宁波,是著名的女化学家、女科学家。分析句子结构可知,空前是and,所以空处和前文中的chemist并列,所以空处应填名词scientist表示“科学家”之意。故填scientist。 37.admitted　考查被动语态。句意:她于1951年考入北京大学生药专业,1955年毕业。分析句子结构可知,admit和主语she之间是被动关系,所以应用被动语态,空前已有be动词was,所以空处应用过去分词形式。故填admitted。 38.in　考查介词。句意:句意:她于1951年考入北京大学生药专业,1955年毕业。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定搭配major in意为“主修”。故填in。 39.graduation　考查名词。句意:毕业后,她在北京的中国中医科学院工作。分析句子结构可知,空前是介词after,后应接名词,graduate的名词是graduation,为不可数名词。故填graduation。 40.the　考查冠词。句意:1969年,她成为这个项目的负责人,并进行了许多测试。分析句子结构可知,head为可数名词,应用冠词修饰,此处表示“这个项目的负责人”为特指,所以应用the。故填the。 41.discovering　考查非谓语动词。句意:1971年,屠呦呦的团队成功地发现和开发了青蒿素,用于治疗世界各地的疟疾患者,她因此获得了许多大奖。分析句子结构可知,空前是介词in,所以空处应用动名词形式。故填discovering。 42.which　考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,又因空前是介词for,所以空处应该用关系代词作宾语,先行词是前一句话,所以用which。故填which。 43.was awarded　考查动词时态和语态。句意:让我们兴奋和喜悦的是,她于2015年10月5日获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以award作谓语,它和主语she之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,再根据时间状语on October 5th, 2015可知应用一般过去时。故填was awarded。 44.to win　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,此处是固定搭配the +first+sb+to do...表示“第一个(批)做某事的人(物)”,所以空处应用不定式作后置定语。故填to win。 45.ourselves　考查代词。句意:我们被号召向她学习,投身于科学研究。分析句子结构可知,此处是固定搭配devote oneself to (doing) sth 意为“致力于(做)某事”。故填ourselves。 第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节　应用文写作(满分15分) 　　在你读了关于“共和国勋章”获得者袁隆平的事迹后,想在班级的英语角写一篇短文向同学们介绍这位“杂交水稻之父”,内容包括: 1. 袁隆平的贡献; 2. 对你的启发。 注意:写作词数应为80左右。 Known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”, 　                                                                                                                                                                                                         参考词汇:共和国勋章the Medal of the Republic 范文　 One possible version 　　Known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”, Yuan Longping was awarded the Medal of the Republic for his outstanding contributions to agriculture. Since his young age, Yuan had devoted himself to boosting rice yields, which became his life goal. Through many years􀆳 research, his efforts paid off. His super hybrid rice has a high output and helps feed people at home and abroad. Inspired by Dr. Yuan, I􀆳m determined to study hard now and help Chinese people live a better life someday. 第二节　读后续写(满分25分) 　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn􀆳t mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it off at their home. The porter was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn􀆳t even able to meet his daily needs. They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time􀆳s meal so he needed anything he could earn. The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn􀆳t deliver their stuff. The wife started to get angry at her husband, “I always tell you not to trust such a person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.” They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, “Where is that old thief? This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.” 　　注意:1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back. 　                                                   　　Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes, 　                                                   范文　 One possible version 　　When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back. The porter replied, “Madam, please calm down. I􀆳m not a thief. That poor old man was sick since last month. He couldn􀆳t earn enough to even have a single meal of the day. Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple􀆳s home.’ Madam, he was poor and hungry, but he was an honest man. I was just on the way to completing the old man􀆳s last delivery to your home.” 　　Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes, and the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes. Suddenly she rushed to the market. Half an hour later, the wife came back with some food in her hand. She handed the food to the porter, and said sorry to him, saying that she shouldn􀆳t have suspected them, and took them as thieves. At last, the porter took the goods to their house, and the rich couple changed their attitude to the men like the porter. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$