UNIT 1 Section 3 Grammar(教用Word)-【赢在微点·轻松课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section 3　Grammar—表语从句 课前观察 自主领悟 语法图解 观察句子 ①That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people. ②It is interesting to learn how the words for animals and meat developed. ③It is certain that this process will continue. ④I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me. ⑤What I always dreamt of has come true. ⑥It is fun wandering in the countryside. 我的领悟 1. 第①④⑤句中的黑体部分都是名词性从句,它们分别在各自的句子中作表语、宾语和主语 。 2. 第②③⑥句中的黑体部分都是it作形式主语 的用法, it分别代替的是动词不定式、主语从句 和动名词短语 。 语法课堂 高效学习 一、概念 在复合句中作表语的从句叫作表语从句。 二、引导词 引导表语从句的连接词主要有: 从属连词:that, whether, as if, as though, because (if不引导表语从句) 连接代词:who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever 连接副词:when, where, how, why 三、具体用法 1. 从属连词: (1)that 在表语从句中不充当句子成分,无实际意义,一般不能省略。如: The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址弄丢了。 (2)whether在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子成分。如: What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 医生真正怀疑的是我的母亲是否能很快从重病中恢复。 (3) as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在系动词后面,如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。 ①It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听上去好像有人在敲门。 ②At that time, it seemed as though I couldn􀆳t think of the right word. 当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 注意　as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实,就用陈述语气,如果与事实不符,就用虚拟语气(主句是一般现在时,从句就用一般过去时,be动词变成were。主句是一般过去时,从句就用过去完成时)。 ③It looks as if he were her own father. (与事实不符) 看起来好像他是她自己的父亲一样。 ④Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it􀆳s going to rain.(与事实相符) 乌云正在聚集。看起来好像要下雨了。 (4)because引导表语从句通常用于“This/That/It is because...”结构中,表示“这是/那是因为……”。 My anger is because you haven􀆳t written to me for a long time. 我生气是因为你很久没给我写信了。 2. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever引导的表语从句,除起连接作用外还在句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语,本身具有词义。 ①The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 ②That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 ③I read about it in some book or another, but what I don􀆳t know is which (book) it is. 我在某本书中读到过它,但我不知道是哪本书了。 注意　what在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,表示“什么”,“所……的”或“……的事物,东西,人,样子,地方等”。 ④The question is what caused the accident. 问题是什么导致了这个事故。(事物) ⑤That mountain is no longer what it used to be. 那座山不是它曾经的样子了。(样子) 3. 连接副词 where, when, how, why除在句中起连接作用外,在从句中还充当地点、时间、方式、原因状语,本身具有词义。 ①That􀆳s where I can􀆳t agree with you. 那就是我不同意你的地方。 ②This is why Sara was late for the meeting. 这就是为什么萨拉开会迟到了。 ③This is how they overcome the difficulties. 这是他们克服困难的方式。 ④My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding. 我记忆最深的时刻是我参加一场美式婚礼的时候。 【小练1】　用适当的连接词填空 ①Everyone on this planet is different, and that􀆳s what makes it such a beautiful place. ②Her wish is that she could lose weight soon. ③The question is whether it is worth doing. ④It looked as if/though it was going to snow. ⑤The problem was who could do the work. ⑥That is what he is worried about. ⑦The problem is how he can get food and clothing. ⑧That was why the brothers wanted to make a bet. 四、注意事项 1. that, why 与 because 引导表语从句时的区别 (1) 虽然三者均可引导表语从句,但 that 没有词义,而 why 和 because 有自己的意思;另外,虽然 why和 because 都可引导表语从句,但前者why强调结果,后者because强调原因。如: ①The reason was that you don􀆳t trust her. 原因是你不信任她。 ②The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。 ③He was ill. That􀆳s why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了,所以被送到医院来。 ④He was sent to the hospital. That􀆳s because he was ill. 他被送到医院,是因为他生病了。 【小练2】　用that/because/why填空 ①We were caught in a traffic jam; that was why we failed to attend the lecture on time. ②We failed to attend the lecture on time; that was because we were caught in a traffic jam. ③The reason is that she is curious about this campus. (2)reason 作主语时,表语从句只能用that引导, 不能用why 引导。常用的句型结构为:The reason (why.../for...) is/was that...“……的原因是……” ①The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning. 今天早晨他迟到的原因是他差一分钟没赶上火车。 注意　当主语是reason时,后面的表语从句只能用that引导,而不能用because或者why;但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that/which引导。如: ②The reason why he was late for school was that he got up late. 他上学迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 ③The reason that he gave for his absence was that he was ill. 他给出的他缺席的原因是他病了。 【小练3】　用why/that填空 ①The reason why he didn􀆳t turn up was that he caught a cold. ②The reason that he explained to us for his mistake was unbelievable. (3)表语从句的另一常用句型:名词主语+be+that从句,作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的名词如fact, truth等或表示看法、观点等的名词如idea, opinion, belief, view, feeling, suggestion, plan等。 ①The fact is that I was in the garden when the robbery happened. 事实上当抢劫发生时我正在花园里。 注意　suggestion, advice, proposal (提议), requirement (请求),order (命令),request (请求),command (命令)等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语形式为(should) do/be done。如: ②My suggestion is that we (should) find some⁃one to take the place of Jim. 我的建议是我们应该找人代替吉姆。 ③His command is that immediate action (should) be taken to cope with the problem. 他的命令是立即采取行动解决这个问题。 【小练4】　单句语法填空 ①My dentist􀆳s suggestion is that the bad tooth (should) be removed (remove) as soon as possible.  ②The proposal is that our government (should) pay (pay)more attention to the safety problem on campus.  (4)that与what的区别 that引导表语从句时,是从属连词,在从句中不作成分;what是连接代词,引导表语从句时,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 ①That was what she did this morning on her way to school. (作did的宾语;翻译成“事情”) 那就是她今天早晨在去学校的路上做过的事。 ②My opinion is that we should chat with our parents frequently. (不作成分,只起连接作用,无词义) 我的观点是我们应该经常和父母聊天。 【小练5】　用that/what填空 ①All I know is that he used to work in a bank. ②All I know is what he used to sell in the city center for a living. 语法微练 　 Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1.My feeling is that they􀆳re going to be big one day. 2.But the big surprise of the evening was when I was elected prom queen! 3.China is no longer what it used to be. 4.The reason why I􀆳m calling you is that I want to invite you to my birthday party. 5.That she has become an artist may have been due to her father􀆳s influence. 6.What we should do next remains unknown. 7.Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 8.It􀆳s a good thing that the exams are finished. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.That􀆳s why I came here.  那就是我来这里的原因。 2.I􀆳m uncertain whether they will go or not.  我不能肯定他们去还是不去。 3.Which college I want to go to has not been decided.  我想上哪一所大学还没有决定下来。 4.It􀆳s a pity that she can􀆳t come to the prom—she is ill.  很遗憾她不能参加毕业舞会——她生病了。 5.Who they will choose to be captain is not known.  他们将选谁当队长还不知道。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$