精品解析：福建省南平市建阳第二中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

建阳二中2024-2025学年第一学期高二第一次月考 英语试题 （考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答案直接填涂或填写在答题卡上。 2. 答题前，考生务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的准考证号、姓名、班级和座号。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转填到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers most probably? A. In a forest. B. In a park. C. At a zoo. 2. What are the speakers probably going to do? A. Buy a coat. B. Take a trip. C. Attend a party. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 4. How much should the man pay? A. $1. B. $3. C. $4. 5. Why does the girl want the boy to wait? A. She is taking down notes. B. She is watching a match. C. She is using the notes herself. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their travel plan. B. Their favorite activity. C. Their final papers. 7. What is the man interested in? A. Banana growing. B. Animal protection. C. The seafood industry. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What do the guests do at a wedding party in Germany? A. Cry hard. B. Break dishes. C. Read aloud. 9. What does the woman think of the custom in China? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Surprising. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题三个小题。 10 Which subject is the most difficult for the man? A. History. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. 11. What happened to the woman in last year’s marathon? A. She fell ill. B. She fell halfway. C. She took a wrong turn. 12. How does the man feel about the woman’s marathon this year? A. Glad. B. Hopeful. C. Anxious. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. What happened to the man when he was climbing a mountain in New Hampshire? A. He caught a terrible cold. B. He got lost in bad weather. C. He lost his equipment and food. 14 Who helped the man get out of danger? A. A villager. B. His friends. C. Other climbers. 15. What caused the man to lose his legs? A. A terrible fall. B. Low temperatures. C. An unsuccessful operation. 16. What will the man probably do next? A. Design better climbing shoes B. Set up a club for the disabled C. Go mountain climbing again. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. When did the speaker fill out the request form? A. Three days ago. B. Four days ago. C. Ten days ago. 18. What is wrong with the running shoes? A. They’re too small. B. They’re too big. C. They’re of poor quality. 19. What color socks did the speakers receive? A. Grey. B. Yellow. C. Black. 20. What does the speaker want to do? A. Place a new order. B. Get her money back. C. Exchange goods. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 （A、B、C和 D ）中，选出最佳选项。 A Zoo Teen Program — Brevard Zoo Our Summer VolunTEEN Program is a 10-week-, 10-day-minimum opportunity that runs from May through early August. We welcome Zoo Teens to volunteer more than once per month if they are available. All Zoo Teens must be between the ages of 13 and 16 on January 1 of the year of their program and have an interest in animals, the environment, and working with guests. ZOO TEEN COMMITMENT (承诺) Once accepted, Zoo Teens must: *complete the initial training program and pass a background check *pass a final exam with a score of at least 80% *volunteer at least 20 hours during May and August, and an additional five hours during June and July *attend 7 out of 10 assigned (指定的) Saturday or Sunday volunteer days (weekend assignments are not required in June and July) *attend at least one protection event per year *assist with at least one special event per year HOW TO APPLY Teens interested in this program must complete and present an application. Incomplete applications will not be reviewed. Applications are scored equally using a rubric (说明) — this is a tool that allows the applicants to know how each answer will be scored, and teens are encouraged to turn to the rubric on the application while producing their responses. The top 50-55 applicants are interviewed in November; of these, about 40 teens are invited to join the Zoo Teen program. All applicants are contacted in November regarding their application result. 1. What is required of a Zoo Teen? A. He must be at least 18 years old. B. He must have volunteering experience. C. He must finish the initial training program. D. He must volunteer on weekends in June and July. 2. How long is a Zoo Teen expected to work during June and July at least? A. 5 hours. B. 15 hours. C. 20 hours. D. 25 hours. 3. What are applicants recommended to do? A. Present additional letters of recommendation. B. Include a detailed introduction of their past work. C. Provide a list of all previous volunteering experiences. D. Refer to the rubric while filling in the application form. B “Tell me your names and which year of graduate school you’re in,” the visiting speaker asked. My discomfort grew as everyone else gave their answers. When my turn came, I swallowed and said I was in my sixth year. “I think it is the student’s problem if she spends over 5 years finishing a PhD,” the speaker replied. His comment was the final shot. Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average. Students need to publish two first-author papers to graduate and my adviser requires his students to take the lead in all experiments so we can have full ownership of our work and develop various scientific techniques. I was comfortable with taking longer to become an independent scientist. My adviser had some projects he wanted to handle and I chose one to work on, knowing I could draw on his expertise (专业知识) and gain support from lab mates. However, I investigated 10 different hypotheses (假说) — just to prove each a dead end. Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down. Then came the speaker’s comment. I broke down and went to my adviser. He pointed out that over the past 6 years I had mastered many difficult techniques. My growing expertise was comparable with the very best. If I didn’t have the answer to my research question yet, it was because of the complexity (复杂性) of the answer, not because of personal weaknesses. This viewpoint calmed me. It helped me push forward with determination and willpower. Under my adviser’s continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally. Looking back on my PhD life, I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one’s PhD journey is the same; all we need to do is stick to it. 4. What contributed to the author’s longer-than-average PhD journey? A The complex project she’d worked on. B. Her lack of desire to complete the research. C. Her poor understanding of scientific techniques and skills. D. The high standards set by the department and the adviser. 5. What can we learn about the author throughout the research process? A. She turned a deaf ear to others’ advice. B. She lacked talent for scientific research. C. She met with many struggles and failures. D. She easily gave up when faced with challenges. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the author’s adviser? A. Unhelpful. B. Supportive. C. Thoughtful. D. Demanding. 7. What lesson can we draw from the author’s experience? A. All the roads lead to Rome. B. Well begun is half done. C. Slow and steady wins the race. D. Actions speak louder than words. C Following its move into podcasting (播客) two years ago, streaming platform Spotify started an audiobook (有声书) business. Though it has yet to start making its own recordings, last autumn it made a deal for 200,000 audiobooks to be available to its VIP users. Not to be beaten, Amazon-owned Audible, which had been used to being the market leader, upped its game, hiring Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes to record multi-voice versions (版本 ) of Dickens’ novels Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, and announcing last month that it had reached an agreement for a recording of J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, voiced by more than 100 actors and featuring a “groundbreaking new soundscape”. Dramatised audiobooks are not an entirely new phenomenon. The use of multiple voices made them accessible to readers who might not have had the patience for the written versions. For example, George Saunders’s Lincoln in the Bardo, which surrounded the dead son of Abraham Lincoln with a group of spirit voices, became a great game of “spot the big name”. Even single-voice readings can significantly change literature in which style is at the heart. Lucy Ellmann’s hit Ducks, Newburyport, is a case in point: a thousand-page stream of an Ohio woman’s thoughts, written in a single sentence. It unfolds on audio as a 45-hour monologue (独白), which is not the same thing at all, if only because an actor needs to breathe. To say that audio versions are different does not mean they are not as good as printed texts, as brain scans (扫描) have shown that they excite the same parts of the brain. Additionally, listening to stories makes hearts beat stronger than watching them, according to a latest study. For people with dyslexia (阅读障碍), they can even be a lifeline — as they can be for those who do not have time for, or the habit of, reading books. So while we celebrate what audiobooks have in common with their printed versions — both enable the brain to create its own pictures in a world where pre-produced images too often do all the work for us — we should also recognize that they are translations into a different medium even when read by the authors themselves. What is certain is that there is room for both. 8. What strategy did Audible use to maintain its market leader position? A. Creating its own prize-winning audiobook content. B. Focusing on single-voice audiobook productions. C. Offering low-priced audiobooks to its new customers. D. Inviting a well-known director to record classic novels. 9. How does the author present the effects of different versions of audiobooks? A. By giving examples. B. By sharing readers’ experiences. C. By presenting data. D. By referring to experts’ words. 10. What is the purpose of the last but one paragraph? A. To show the advantages of audiobooks. B. To compare audiobooks with printed texts. C. To inform readers of findings about audiobooks. D. To stress audiobooks’ value in treating dyslexia. 11. What is the author’s view on the future of audiobooks and printed texts? A. It depends on the choices of readers. B. Both of them hold the future of reading. C. Audiobook popularity is not expected to last. D. Audiobooks will eventually replace printed texts. D The pleasure people get from a piece of music has been linked to its effects on our emotional responses and ability to form social connections. The degree of enjoyment differs from person to person, but little is known about why. To see if genetics (遗传学) can account for it, Giacomo Bignardi at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands and his colleagues conducted a new study. The researchers looked at more than 9,000 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry. About 3,400 were identical (同卵的) and 5,600 non-identical. The former share the same genome (基因组), while non-identical twins share only half their genomes, which enabled the researchers to determine the effects of genes through comparison. Besides, all the twins in the study were raised in the same households and so grew up with similar environmental influences. This made it easier to sort out genetic contributions. The researchers got the twins to complete the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire, which focused on how much pleasure they get from music. For example, they were asked the extent to which they agreed with statements such as “when I share music with someone I feel a special connection with that person” and “in my free time I hardly listen to music”. The result showed that genes seem to play a significant role in influencing how much pleasure music brings, with the identical twins being more than twice as similar in this feature as the non-identical ones. “While it’s fairly understandable that musical ability might have a genetic basis, which provides an easy explanation for why some people seem to have a talent for music, it’s obscure that the degree of pleasure from listening to music is influenced by genes, so it is inspiring that the study finds this effect,” says Peter Harrison at the University of Cambridge. However, Nick Collins at Durham University, UK thinks differently. “Certain musical abilities and preferences may be influenced by genetics, but there are a large number of cultural elements in music development that are not addressed by genetics alone,” he says. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. How twins contribute to the progress of genetic research. B. Why the researchers chose the twins as research subjects. C. What makes the new study different from previous ones. D. What inspired the researchers to conduct the new study. 13. What is the finding of the new study? A. The secret of musical talent lies in our genes. B. Our genes determine what kind of music we like. C. Our genes can influence how much we enjoy music. D. The pleasure that different people get from music varies greatly. 14. Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 4? A. easy to conclude. B. reasonable to assume. C. impossible to prove. D. difficult to see. 15. What is Nick Collins’ attitude towards the research finding? A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned. 第二节(共5小题；每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes, it’s good to be bored “I am dying of boredom,” complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov’s 1897 play Uncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom.____16____ That is the finding of two fascinating recent studies. In one researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result? ____17____ In the second study, subjects gave more answers to a word test than a non-bored control group after being forced to watch a dull screensaver. “An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,” says Sandi Mann, the psychologist at the University of Central Lancashire. “____18____” Parents will tell you that kids with “nothing to do” will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever. The problem, the researchers worry, is that these days we don’t struggle to overcome these slow moments. “___19___” Mann says. “This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.” So here is an idea: Instead of always avoiding boredom, embrace and face it. Sometimes, anyway. Mann has found she gets some of her best thinking done when she is driving her car and therefore can’t be distracted by her phone. ____20____ The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can’t be bothered to do anything. An important part of our modern task, then, is learning to evaluate these different types of boredom — to distinguish the useful kind from the harmful one. A. And there is, of course, bad boredom. B. Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas. C. But what if boredom is a meaningful experience? D. These moments are a lot more valuable than expected. E. Actually, tips on getting away from boredom are countless. F. We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices. G. When not satisfied with your state, you’re seeking and engaged. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节；满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Joao Carlos Martins is a famous pianist and conductor. However, his career has been ____21____ and his life has taken him in many different ____22____. As a teenager Martins began to perform in concerts. But in his late twenties, he had to ____23____ after badly breaking his arm. It was really a terrible time. He couldn’t look at a piano or ____24____ listen to music. ____25____, he decided to become the manager of a boxer, who won the world championship later. This ____26____ Martins to take up the piano and practise much harder. Six years later, he gave his first concert at the Carnegie Hall, which was the most ____27____ moment of his life. He performed in concerts for years before he had to quit because of the unbearable ____28____ in his hands caused by too much ____29____. Martins, in his forties, became a politician. However, he couldn’t stand this ____30____, so once again, he went back to the piano. All was going well until something unexpected ____31____ while leaving a concert. He ____32____ a serious brain injury and lost all the movement in his right hand. Again, with great ____33____ he played just with his left hand. Years later he lost the use of the left hand and ____34____ himself a conductor. Now, in his late seventies, Martins is still taking ____35____ to work and has conducted over a thousand concerts. 21. A. smooth B. tough C. flexible D. interesting 22. A. cultures B. forms C. directions D. levels 23. A. give up B. set out C. turn up D. hold out 24. A. still B. just C. ever D. even 25. A. Generally B. Ultimately C. Occasionally D. Naturally 26. A. forced B. promised C. motivated D. forbade 27. A. realistic B. emotiona1 C. struggling D. striking 28. A. pain B. cuts C. tension D. sensitivities 29. A. conducting B. playing C. instruction D. competition 30. A. career B. popularity C. condition D. behavior 31. A. existed B. remained C. occurred D. continued 32. A. found B. suffered C. cured D. nursed 33. A. patience B. care C. pleasure D. determination 34. A. fancied B. considered C. made D. chose 35. A. measures B. chances C. courage D. trouble 第二节 词汇运用（共2部分，满分15分） Part1 根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 36. The Official Guide App is_____ (可获得的) for free in both the App Store and Google Play. （根据中文提示单词拼写） 37. ___________(draft)contracts is actually one of the simple pleasures of practising law. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. Scientists have __________________(获得) more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 39. You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and_____ (职业). （根据汉语意思填空） 40. Either tomorrow or Wednesday is fine for me.Do you have a ________ (prefer)? (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. The scholars from different countries joined our _______ (学术的) discussion last year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 42. When it comes to campus __________ (secure), we have to take it seriously. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. This year has seen a number of _______ (remark) business stories in China. (所给词的适当形式填空) Part2 根据句意完成句子，确保语句通顺，词汇、语法运用正确，每空一词。（共6小题；每空0.5分，满分7分） 44. 你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you _______ ________ _______ constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 45. 离开教室时，不要忘了关电灯。 Don’t forget to _______ _______ the light when you leave the classroom. 46. 乔被公认为今年最佳篮球选手。 Joe was _______ _______ the best player of the year. 47. 我想走去车站，但他坚持要求开车送我去。 I wanted to walk to the station, but he _______ _______ _______ me there. 48. 因为被雷电击中，山顶上的那间木房子起火了。 That wooden house on top of the hill ________ ________ because it was hit by lightning. 49. 双方都承诺和平解决争端。 Both sides _______ themselves _______ settle the dispute peacefully. 第三节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lai Xuanzhi graduated from Wuhan Sports University, majoring in basketball. In 2010, the new graduate ___50___ (employ) as a PE teacher at a village school. Back then, it was challenging for him. Lacking facilities and funds, the school wasn’t set up ___51___ (hold) ordinary PE courses, such as basketball, soccer and track and field, so the ___52___ (ambition) young teacher had to shift his focus to something that was cheaper and easier to organize. He discovered rope-jumping. With it, he led the students from a village school to participate in many highly competitive international competitions. The very beginning was ___53___ first World Inter-School Rope Competition, which took place in Dubai in 2015. Lai’s team skipped through, winning 27 of the total of 28 gold ___54___ (medal). Lai watched the teens standing on the podium (领奖台) singing the national anthem with tears ___55___ (run) down their faces. It was at that moment ___56___ Lai came to realize that for students who are educated in a village school, rope-jumping could not only be part of physical education but also provide access ___57___ more opportunities. Now, Lai’s jump-rope team has over 200 members. “Children are the future of the country and the hope of the nation,” Lai says. “I hope the effort I ___58___ (put) into physical education can help them to gain a much ____59____ (bright) future.” 第四部分 书面表达（满分25分） 60. 假定你是李华，你校正在开展主题为The role model in my heart的英语征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 你心中的榜样人物是谁； 2. 他/她的主要事迹； 3. 你从他/她身上学到了什么。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 ABACC 6-10 CABCA 11-15 BCBAB 16-20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 建阳二中2024-2025学年第一学期高二第一次月考 英语试题 （考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答案直接填涂或填写在答题卡上。 2. 答题前，考生务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的准考证号、姓名、班级和座号。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转填到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers most probably? A. In a forest. B. In a park. C. At a zoo. 2. What are the speakers probably going to do? A Buy a coat. B. Take a trip. C. Attend a party. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 4. How much should the man pay? A. $1. B. $3. C. $4. 5. Why does the girl want the boy to wait? A. She is taking down notes. B. She is watching a match. C. She is using the notes herself. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A Their travel plan. B. Their favorite activity. C. Their final papers. 7. What is the man interested in? A. Banana growing. B. Animal protection. C. The seafood industry. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What do the guests do at a wedding party in Germany? A. Cry hard. B. Break dishes. C. Read aloud. 9. What does the woman think of the custom in China? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Surprising. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题三个小题。 10. Which subject is the most difficult for the man? A. History. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. 11. What happened to the woman in last year’s marathon? A. She fell ill. B. She fell halfway. C. She took a wrong turn. 12. How does the man feel about the woman’s marathon this year? A. Glad. B. Hopeful. C. Anxious. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. What happened to the man when he was climbing a mountain in New Hampshire? A. He caught a terrible cold. B. He got lost in bad weather. C. He lost his equipment and food. 14. Who helped the man get out of danger? A. A villager. B. His friends. C. Other climbers. 15. What caused the man to lose his legs? A. A terrible fall. B. Low temperatures. C. An unsuccessful operation. 16. What will the man probably do next? A. Design better climbing shoes B. Set up a club for the disabled C. Go mountain climbing again. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. When did the speaker fill out the request form? A. Three days ago. B. Four days ago. C. Ten days ago. 18. What is wrong with the running shoes? A. They’re too small. B. They’re too big. C. They’re of poor quality. 19. What color socks did the speakers receive? A. Grey. B. Yellow. C. Black. 20. What does the speaker want to do? A. Place a new order. B. Get her money back. C. Exchange goods. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 （A、B、C和 D ）中，选出最佳选项。 A Zoo Teen Program — Brevard Zoo Our Summer VolunTEEN Program is a 10-week-, 10-day-minimum opportunity that runs from May through early August. We welcome Zoo Teens to volunteer more than once per month if they are available. All Zoo Teens must be between the ages of 13 and 16 on January 1 of the year of their program and have an interest in animals, the environment, and working with guests. ZOO TEEN COMMITMENT (承诺) Once accepted, Zoo Teens must: *complete the initial training program and pass a background check *pass a final exam with a score of at least 80% *volunteer at least 20 hours during May and August, and an additional five hours during June and July *attend 7 out of 10 assigned (指定的) Saturday or Sunday volunteer days (weekend assignments are not required in June and July) *attend at least one protection event per year *assist with at least one special event per year HOW TO APPLY Teens interested in this program must complete and present an application. Incomplete applications will not be reviewed. Applications are scored equally using a rubric (说明) — this is a tool that allows the applicants to know how each answer will be scored, and teens are encouraged to turn to the rubric on the application while producing their responses. The top 50-55 applicants are interviewed in November; of these, about 40 teens are invited to join the Zoo Teen program. All applicants are contacted in November regarding their application result. 1. What is required of a Zoo Teen? A. He must be at least 18 years old. B. He must have volunteering experience. C. He must finish the initial training program. D. He must volunteer on weekends in June and July. 2. How long is a Zoo Teen expected to work during June and July at least? A. 5 hours. B. 15 hours. C. 20 hours. D. 25 hours. 3. What are applicants recommended to do? A. Present additional letters of recommendation. B. Include a detailed introduction of their past work. C. Provide a list of all previous volunteering experiences. D. Refer to the rubric while filling in the application form. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了布里瓦德动物园的青少年志愿者计划信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ZOO TEEN COMMITMENT (承诺)”中关键信息“*complete the initial training program and pass a background check(*完成最初的培训计划并通过背景调查)”可知，志愿者必须完成最初的培训计划。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ZOO TEEN COMMITMENT (承诺)”中关键信息“*volunteer at least 20 hours during May and August, and an additional five hours during June and July(5月和8月至少做20个小时的志愿者，6月和7月再做5个小时)”可知，志愿者在六月和七月最少要工作25小时。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“HOW TO APPLY”中关键信息“Applications are scored equally using a rubric (说明) — this is a tool that allows the applicants to know how each answer will be scored, and teens are encouraged to turn to the rubric on the application while producing their responses.(应用程序使用标准评分——这是一个让申请人知道每个答案将如何得分的工具，并且鼓励青少年在制作他们的回答时使用应用程序上的标准评分)”可知，申请者被建议填写申请表时参阅评分说明。故选D。 B “Tell me your names and which year of graduate school you’re in,” the visiting speaker asked. My discomfort grew as everyone else gave their answers. When my turn came, I swallowed and said I was in my sixth year. “I think it is the student’s problem if she spends over 5 years finishing a PhD,” the speaker replied. His comment was the final shot. Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average. Students need to publish two first-author papers to graduate and my adviser requires his students to take the lead in all experiments so we can have full ownership of our work and develop various scientific techniques. I was comfortable with taking longer to become an independent scientist. My adviser had some projects he wanted to handle and I chose one to work on, knowing I could draw on his expertise (专业知识) and gain support from lab mates. However, I investigated 10 different hypotheses (假说) — just to prove each a dead end. Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down. Then came the speaker’s comment. I broke down and went to my adviser. He pointed out that over the past 6 years I had mastered many difficult techniques. My growing expertise was comparable with the very best. If I didn’t have the answer to my research question yet, it was because of the complexity (复杂性) of the answer, not because of personal weaknesses. This viewpoint calmed me. It helped me push forward with determination and willpower. Under my adviser’s continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally. Looking back on my PhD life, I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one’s PhD journey is the same; all we need to do is stick to it. 4. What contributed to the author’s longer-than-average PhD journey? A. The complex project she’d worked on. B Her lack of desire to complete the research. C. Her poor understanding of scientific techniques and skills. D. The high standards set by the department and the adviser. 5. What can we learn about the author throughout the research process? A. She turned a deaf ear to others’ advice. B. She lacked talent for scientific research. C. She met with many struggles and failures. D. She easily gave up when faced with challenges. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the author’s adviser? A. Unhelpful. B. Supportive. C. Thoughtful. D. Demanding. 7. What lesson can we draw from the author’s experience? A. All the roads lead to Rome. B. Well begun is half done. C. Slow and steady wins the race. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者攻读博士学位的艰难经历告诉我们成功属于坚持不懈的人。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average. Students need to publish two first-author papers to graduate and my adviser requires his students to take the lead in all experiments so we can have full ownership of our work and develop various scientific techniques.(从研究生院开始，我就意识到我的部门和我的导师的要求可能会使我的博士学位比平均时间要长。学生需要发表两篇第一作者论文才能毕业，我的导师要求他的学生在所有实验中都发挥带头作用，这样我们就可以对我们的工作有充分的所有权，并开发各种科学技术。)”可知，是院系和导师制定的高标准促成了作者比一般人更长的博士之旅。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down.(每次唯一的选择就是做出下一个可能的假设，然后从不同的方向重新开始。缺乏进展使我精疲力竭)”可知，在整个研究过程中作者遇到了许多困难和失败。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“He pointed out that over the past 6 years I had mastered many difficult techniques. My growing expertise was comparable with the very best. If I didn’t have the answer to my research question yet, it was because of the complexity (复杂性) of the answer, not because of personal weaknesses. This viewpoint calmed me. It helped me push forward with determination and willpower. Under my adviser’s continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally.(他指出，在过去的6年里，我掌握了许多高难度的技术。我不断增长的专业知识可以与最好的相媲美。如果我还没有找到我研究问题的答案，那是因为答案太复杂，而不是因为我个人的弱点。这个观点使我平静下来。它帮助我以决心和意志力向前推进。在导师的不断指导和支持下，我想出了一个可行的假说，最终毕业了)”可知，导师给予作者鼓励、帮助和支持。B选项“Supportive(给予帮助的，支持的，鼓励的)”最能描述作者的导师。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文内容，尤其根据文章最后一段“Looking back on my PhD life, I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one’s PhD journey is the same; all we need to do is stick to it.(回顾我的博士生涯，我意识到很多研究生都和我一样。我希望我能告诉他们我来这里的目的：没有人的博士之旅是相同的；我们要做的就是坚持下去)”可知，作者通过他读博的经历告诉我们坚持的重要性，所以C选项“稳扎稳打赢得比赛”符合题意。故选C项。 C Following its move into podcasting (播客) two years ago, streaming platform Spotify started an audiobook (有声书) business. Though it has yet to start making its own recordings, last autumn it made a deal for 200,000 audiobooks to be available to its VIP users. Not to be beaten, Amazon-owned Audible, which had been used to being the market leader, upped its game, hiring Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes to record multi-voice versions (版本 ) of Dickens’ novels Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, and announcing last month that it had reached an agreement for a recording of J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, voiced by more than 100 actors and featuring a “groundbreaking new soundscape”. Dramatised audiobooks are not an entirely new phenomenon. The use of multiple voices made them accessible to readers who might not have had the patience for the written versions. For example, George Saunders’s Lincoln in the Bardo, which surrounded the dead son of Abraham Lincoln with a group of spirit voices, became a great game of “spot the big name”. Even single-voice readings can significantly change literature in which style is at the heart. Lucy Ellmann’s hit Ducks, Newburyport, is a case in point: a thousand-page stream of an Ohio woman’s thoughts, written in a single sentence. It unfolds on audio as a 45-hour monologue (独白), which is not the same thing at all, if only because an actor needs to breathe. To say that audio versions are different does not mean they are not as good as printed texts, as brain scans (扫描) have shown that they excite the same parts of the brain. Additionally, listening to stories makes hearts beat stronger than watching them, according to a latest study. For people with dyslexia (阅读障碍), they can even be a lifeline — as they can be for those who do not have time for, or the habit of, reading books. So while we celebrate what audiobooks have in common with their printed versions — both enable the brain to create its own pictures in a world where pre-produced images too often do all the work for us — we should also recognize that they are translations into a different medium, even when read by the authors themselves. What is certain is that there is room for both. 8. What strategy did Audible use to maintain its market leader position? A. Creating its own prize-winning audiobook content. B. Focusing on single-voice audiobook productions. C. Offering low-priced audiobooks to its new customers. D. Inviting a well-known director to record classic novels. 9. How does the author present the effects of different versions of audiobooks? A By giving examples. B. By sharing readers’ experiences. C. By presenting data. D. By referring to experts’ words. 10. What is the purpose of the last but one paragraph? A. To show the advantages of audiobooks. B. To compare audiobooks with printed texts. C. To inform readers of findings about audiobooks. D. To stress audiobooks’ value in treating dyslexia. 11. What is the author’s view on the future of audiobooks and printed texts? A. It depends on the choices of readers. B. Both of them hold the future of reading. C. Audiobook popularity is not expected to last. D. Audiobooks will eventually replace printed texts. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章讨论了有声书的兴起及其与印刷书籍的差异，强调两者各有优势，未来将共存。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Not to be beaten, Amazon-owned Audible, which had been used to being the market leader, upped its game, hiring Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes to record multi-voice versions (版本 ) of Dickens’ novels Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, and announcing last month that it had reached an agreement for a recording of J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, voiced by more than 100 actors and featuring a “groundbreaking new soundscape”.(亚马逊旗下的Audible公司也不甘被打败，它一直以来都是市场的领导者。该公司也提升了自己的水平，聘请了奥斯卡获奖导演萨姆·门德斯为狄更斯的小说《雾都孤儿》和《大卫·科波菲尔》录制多声部版本，并于上月宣布与J. K. 罗琳的《哈利·波特》系列唱片达成协议，由100多名演员配音，并以“突破性的新音景”为特色)”可知，Audible公司邀请了知名导演录制经典小说来保持市场领先地位。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For example, George Saunders’s Lincoln in the Bardo, which surrounded the dead son of Abraham Lincoln with a group of spirit voices, became a great game of “spot the big name”.(例如，乔治·桑德斯的《林肯在中阴界》中，亚伯拉罕·林肯死去的儿子被一群灵魂的声音包围，成为一个伟大的“发现大人物”的游戏)”及第四段“Lucy Ellmann’s hit Ducks, Newburyport, is a case in point: a thousand-page stream of an Ohio woman’s thoughts, written in a single sentence. It unfolds on audio as a 45-hour monologue (独白), which is not the same thing at all, if only because an actor needs to breathe.(露西·埃尔曼的热门作品《鸭子，纽伯里波特》就是一个很好的例子：一个俄亥俄女人用一句话写了一千页的思想流。它以一段45小时的音频独白展开，这完全不是一回事，因为演员需要呼吸)”可知，作者通过具体案例呈现有声书的效果。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“To say that audio versions are different does not mean they are not as good as printed texts, as brain scans (扫描) have shown that they excite the same parts of the brain. Additionally, listening to stories makes hearts beat stronger than watching them, according to a latest study. For people with dyslexia (阅读障碍), they can even be a lifeline — as they can be for those who do not have time for, or the habit of, reading books.(说音频版本不同并不意味着它们不如印刷文本好，因为脑部扫描显示，它们刺激的是大脑的相同部分。此外，根据一项最新研究，听故事比看故事更能让人心跳加快。对于有阅读障碍的人来说，他们甚至可以成为生命线——就像他们可以成为那些没有时间或没有读书习惯的人一样)”可知，本段展示了有声读物的优势。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So while we celebrate what audiobooks have in common with their printed versions — both enable the brain to create its own pictures in a world where pre-produced images too often do all the work for us — we should also recognize that they are translations into a different medium, even when read by the authors themselves. What is certain is that there is room for both.(因此，当我们庆祝有声书与纸质书的共同之处时——两者都能让大脑在一个预先制作的图像经常为我们做所有工作的世界里创造自己的图像——我们也应该认识到，它们被翻译成一种不同的媒介，即使是作者自己读的。可以肯定的是，两者都有发展空间)”可知，作者认为有声书和纸质书都掌握着阅读的未来。故选B。 D The pleasure people get from a piece of music has been linked to its effects on our emotional responses and ability to form social connections. The degree of enjoyment differs from person to person, but little is known about why. To see if genetics (遗传学) can account for it, Giacomo Bignardi at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands and his colleagues conducted a new study. The researchers looked at more than 9,000 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry. About 3,400 were identical (同卵的) and 5,600 non-identical. The former share the same genome (基因组), while non-identical twins share only half their genomes, which enabled the researchers to determine the effects of genes through comparison. Besides, all the twins in the study were raised in the same households and so grew up with similar environmental influences. This made it easier to sort out genetic contributions. The researchers got the twins to complete the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire, which focused on how much pleasure they get from music. For example, they were asked the extent to which they agreed with statements such as “when I share music with someone I feel a special connection with that person” and “in my free time I hardly listen to music”. The result showed that genes seem to play a significant role in influencing how much pleasure music brings, with the identical twins being more than twice as similar in this feature as the non-identical ones. “While it’s fairly understandable that musical ability might have a genetic basis, which provides an easy explanation for why some people seem to have a talent for music, it’s obscure that the degree of pleasure from listening to music is influenced by genes, so it is inspiring that the study finds this effect,” says Peter Harrison at the University of Cambridge. However, Nick Collins at Durham University, UK thinks differently. “Certain musical abilities and preferences may be influenced by genetics, but there are a large number of cultural elements in music development that are not addressed by genetics alone,” he says. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. How twins contribute to the progress of genetic research. B. Why the researchers chose the twins as research subjects. C. What makes the new study different from previous ones. D. What inspired the researchers to conduct the new study. 13. What is the finding of the new study? A. The secret of musical talent lies in our genes. B. Our genes determine what kind of music we like. C. Our genes can influence how much we enjoy music. D. The pleasure that different people get from music varies greatly. 14. Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 4? A. easy to conclude. B. reasonable to assume. C. impossible to prove. D. difficult to see. 15. What is Nick Collins’ attitude towards the research finding? A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项关于基因对人们从音乐中获得快乐的影响的研究。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers looked at more than 9,000 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry. About 3,400 were identical (同卵的) and 5,600 non-identical. The former share the same genome (基因组), while non-identical twins share only half their genomes, which enabled the researchers to determine the effects of genes through comparison. Besides, all the twins in the study were raised in the same households and so grew up with similar environmental influences. This made it easier to sort out genetic contributions.(研究人员观察了瑞典双胞胎登记处的9000多名双胞胎。其中大约3400对是同卵双胞胎，5600对是异卵双胞胎。前者拥有相同的基因组，而异卵双胞胎只共享一半的基因组，这使得研究人员能够通过比较来确定基因的影响。此外，研究中的所有双胞胎都在同一个家庭中长大，因此成长环境相似。这使得区分基因的贡献变得更容易。)”可知，研究人员选择双胞胎作为研究对象是因为他们可以通过比较同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎的基因差异来确定基因的影响；由此可知，从第二段可以了解为什么研究人员选择双胞胎作为研究对象。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The result showed that genes seem to play a significant role in influencing how much pleasure music brings, with the identical twins being more than twice as similar in this feature as the non-identical ones.(结果表明，基因似乎在影响音乐带来的快乐程度方面发挥着重要作用，同卵双胞胎在这一特征上的相似性是非同卵双胞胎的两倍多。)”可知，这项新研究的发现是我们的基因可以影响我们从音乐中获得多少快乐。故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“While it’s fairly understandable that musical ability might have a genetic basis, which provides an easy explanation for why some people seem to have a talent for music.(虽然音乐能力可能有遗传基础是相当容易理解的，这为为什么有些人似乎有音乐天赋提供了一个简单的解释。)可知，“obscure”所在的部分与上文是转折关系，上文说音乐能力有遗传基础是容易理解的，那么可推测出“obscure”的意思应该是“不容易看出”或“难以察觉”。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Certain musical abilities and preferences may be influenced by genetics, but there are a large number of cultural elements in music development that are not addressed by genetics alone.(某些音乐能力和偏好可能受到遗传学的影响，但在音乐发展中存在大量文化元素，这些元素并非仅由遗传学所能解释。)”可知，Nick Collins认为这项研究结果有疑点，即他对此持怀疑态度。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes, it’s good to be bored “I am dying of boredom,” complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov’s 1897 play Uncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom.____16____ That is the finding of two fascinating recent studies. In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result? ____17____ In the second study, subjects gave more answers to a word test than a non-bored control group after being forced to watch a dull screensaver. “An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,” says Sandi Mann, the psychologist at the University of Central Lancashire. “____18____” Parents will tell you that kids with “nothing to do” will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever. The problem, the researchers worry, is that these days we don’t struggle to overcome these slow moments. “___19___” Mann says. “This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.” So here is an idea: Instead of always avoiding boredom, embrace and face it. Sometimes, anyway. Mann has found she gets some of her best thinking done when she is driving her car and therefore can’t be distracted by her phone. ____20____ The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can’t be bothered to do anything. An important part of our modern task, then, is learning to evaluate these different types of boredom — to distinguish the useful kind from the harmful one. A. And there is, of course, bad boredom. B Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas. C. But what if boredom is a meaningful experience? D. These moments are a lot more valuable than expected. E. Actually, tips on getting away from boredom are countless. F. We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices. G. When not satisfied with your state, you’re seeking and engaged. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无聊的好处，两项研究发现无聊可以激发创造力，并提出我们应该学会区分好的无聊和糟糕的无聊。 【16题详解】 上文提到““I am dying of boredom,” complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov’s 1897 play Uncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom.(在契诃夫1897年的戏剧《万尼亚叔叔》中，年轻的妻子叶莲娜抱怨道：“我无聊得要死。”当然，如果叶莲娜在今天，我们知道她会做什么：拿出她的智能手机，找一些有趣的事情。今天摆脱无聊很容易)”指出人们讨厌无聊，总是想摆脱无聊。C项“But what if boredom is a meaningful experience?(但如果无聊是一种有意义的体验呢?)”与上文构成转折关系，引出下文两项研究的新发现：无聊可以激发创造力，同时C项中“boredom is a meaningful experience”与下文中“That”构成指代关系。故选C。 【17题详解】 上文“In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result?(在第一项研究中，研究人员让受试者做一些无聊的事情，比如从电话簿中抄录数字，然后进行创造性思维的测试。结果呢?)”提到一项关于创造性思维的研究并提出问题。B项“Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas.(无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法)”回答问题给出答案，说明在这项研究中无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法，上下文语意连贯。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文提到“An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,(焦躁不安的头脑渴望刺激，因此无聊成为一种寻求的状态)”说明无聊会让人寻求新的东西。G项“When not satisfied with your state, you’re seeking and engaged.(当你不满足于你的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入)”与上文语意一致，也是中央兰开夏大学的心理学家Sandi Mann的观点，说明无聊会激发人的探索和创新精神。同时下文“kids with “nothing to do” will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever.(“无事可做”的孩子们最终会发明一些有趣的游戏来玩——用纸板箱、电灯开关等等)”对此进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G。 【19题详解】 设空句和下文“This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.(这可能会让我们暂时缓解无聊，但它会阻止我们更深层次的思考)”都是Mann的观点，根据下文中“This might relieve us temporarily(这或许会让我们暂时放松)”可知，设空句会提到一种暂时缓解无聊的方法。F项“We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices.(我们试图用移动设备打发无聊的每一刻)”中提出我们用移动设备打发无聊，与下文“This”构成指代关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F。 【20题详解】 下文“The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can’t be bothered to do anything.(好的类型激励你看到它（带来的好的）结果。相反，糟糕的类型会让你感到疲惫，让你觉得自己什么都懒得做)”提到两种不同类型的无聊。A项“And there is, of course, bad boredom.(当然，也有糟糕的无聊)”引出下文对两种无聊类型的对比和讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节；满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Joao Carlos Martins is a famous pianist and conductor. However, his career has been ____21____ and his life has taken him in many different ____22____. As a teenager Martins began to perform in concerts. But in his late twenties, he had to ____23____ after badly breaking his arm. It was really a terrible time. He couldn’t look at a piano or ____24____ listen to music. ____25____, he decided to become the manager of a boxer, who won the world championship later. This ____26____ Martins to take up the piano and practise much harder. Six years later, he gave his first concert at the Carnegie Hall, which was the most ____27____ moment of his life. He performed in concerts for years before he had to quit because of the unbearable ____28____ in his hands caused by too much ____29____. Martins, in his forties, became a politician. However, he couldn’t stand this ____30____, so once again, he went back to the piano. All was going well until something unexpected ____31____ while leaving a concert. He ____32____ a serious brain injury and lost all the movement in his right hand. Again, with great ____33____ he played just with his left hand. Years later he lost the use of the left hand and ____34____ himself a conductor. Now, in his late seventies, Martins is still taking ____35____ to work and has conducted over a thousand concerts. 21. A. smooth B. tough C. flexible D. interesting 22. A. cultures B. forms C. directions D. levels 23. A. give up B. set out C. turn up D. hold out 24. A. still B. just C. ever D. even 25. A. Generally B. Ultimately C. Occasionally D. Naturally 26. A. forced B. promised C. motivated D. forbade 27. A. realistic B. emotiona1 C. struggling D. striking 28. A. pain B. cuts C. tension D. sensitivities 29. A. conducting B. playing C. instruction D. competition 30. A. career B. popularity C. condition D. behavior 31. A. existed B. remained C. occurred D. continued 32. A. found B. suffered C. cured D. nursed 33. A. patience B. care C. pleasure D. determination 34. A. fancied B. considered C. made D. chose 35. A. measures B. chances C. courage D. trouble 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是著名的钢琴家和指挥家Joao Carlos Martins在职业生涯中艰苦奋斗的经历。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的事业一直很艰难，他的生活把他带向了许多不同的方向。A. smooth光滑的；B. tough艰难的；C. flexible灵活的；D. interesting有趣的。根据however表转折以及下一段“after badly breaking his arm”可知，他的事业一直很艰难。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的事业一直很艰难，他的生活把他带向了许多不同的方向。A. cultures文化；B. forms形式；C. directions方向；D. levels水平。根据下一段“As a teenager Martins began to perform in concerts”，“he decided to become the manager of a boxer”和“Martins to take up the piano and practise much harder”可知，他的生活把他带向了许多不同的方向。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在他快30岁的时候，他的手臂严重骨折，不得不放弃。A. give up放弃；B. set out出发；C. turn up出现；D. hold out伸出。根据下文“badly breaking his arm”可知，他的手臂严重骨折，不得不放弃。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不能看钢琴，甚至不能听音乐。A. still仍然；B. just只是；C. ever曾经；D. even甚至。根据下文“listen to music”可知，此处是程度上递进关系，即他不能看钢琴，甚至不能听音乐。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，他决定成为一名拳击手经理，并后来获得世界冠军。A. Generally通常，普遍地；B. Ultimately最终；C. Occasionally偶尔；D. Naturally自然而然地。根据下文“he decided to become the manager of a boxer”可知，最终，他决定成为一名拳击手经理。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激发Martins拿起钢琴，更加努力地练习。A. forced强迫；B. promised答应；C. motivated激发；D. forbade禁止。根据上文“he decided to become the manager of a boxer, who won the world championship later”和下文“to take up the piano and practise much harder”可知，Martins后来获得世界冠军，这激发他拿起钢琴，更加努力地练习。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六年后，他在Carnegie Hall举办了自己的第一场音乐会，这是他一生中最引人注目的时刻。A. realistic现实的；B. emotional情绪的；C. struggling艰难奋斗的；D. striking引人注目的。根据上文“he gave his first concert at the Carnegie Hall”可知，他在Carnegie Hall举办了自己的第一场音乐会，这是他一生中最引人注目的时刻。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在音乐会上表演了多年，后来因为演奏太多而导致双手难以忍受的疼痛而不得不退出。A. pain疼痛；B. cuts伤口；C. tension紧张；D. sensitivities敏感性。根据上文“he had to quit”和下文“in his hands”可知，他双手疼痛，所以不得不退出。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在音乐会上表演了多年，后来因为演奏太多而导致双手难以忍受的疼痛而不得不退出。A. conducting指挥；B. playing演奏；C. instruction指示；D. competition竞争。根据上文“He performed in concerts for years”可知，他因为演奏太多而导致双手难以忍受的疼痛而不得不退出。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他无法忍受这个职业，所以，他又一次回到了钢琴。A. career职业生涯；B. popularity欢迎；C. condition条件；D. behavior行为。根据上文“became a politician”可知，他无法忍受政治家这个职业。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都很顺利，直到离开音乐会时发生了意想不到的事情。A. existed存在；B. remained保持；C. occurred发生；D. continued继续。根据下文“a serious brain injury and lost all the movement in his right hand”可知，一切都很顺利，直到离开音乐会时发生了意想不到的事情。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他遭受了严重的脑损伤，右手完全失去了活动能力。A. found发现；B. suffered遭受；C. cured治愈；D. nursed看护，照料。根据下文“a serious brain injury”可知，他遭受了严重的脑损伤。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他再一次坚决地只用左手演奏。A. patience耐心；B. care关心；C. pleasure快乐；D. determination决心。根据下文“he played just with his left hand”可知，他再一次坚定地只用左手演奏，with determination意为“坚决地”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，他不能使用左手，成为了一名指挥。A. fancied想象；B. considered考虑；C. made使成为；D. chose选择。根据下文“a conductor”可知，多年后，他不能使用左手，成为了一名指挥，空格处意为“使成为”。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，年近七旬的Martins仍在努力工作，并指挥了一千多场音乐会。A. measures措施；B. chances机会；C. courage勇气；D. trouble费事，不便。根据上文“in his late seventies”可知，年近七旬的Martins仍在努力工作，take trouble to do意为“不辞辛苦地做……”。故选D。 第二节 词汇运用（共2部分，满分15分） Part1 根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 36. The Official Guide App is_____ (可获得的) for free in both the App Store and Google Play. （根据中文提示单词拼写） 【答案】available 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：官方指南应用程序在应用商店和谷歌游戏中都是免费的。根据句意和汉语提示“可获得的”可知，应填 available，在is后形容词作表语，故填available。 【点睛】 37. ___________(draft)contracts is actually one of the simple pleasures of practising law. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Drafting 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：起草合同实际上是从事法律工作的简单乐趣之一。分析句子可知，空中的词用来作主语，应用动名词形式，故填Drafting。 38. Scientists have __________________(获得) more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】obtained 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：科学家们已经获得了更多的证据来证明塑料正在进入人体。根据中文提示可知，空处可使用动词obtain（获得）。分析句子可知，此处是现在完成时，因此需使用其过去分词，故填obtained。 39. You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and_____ (职业). （根据汉语意思填空） 【答案】occupation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你将被要求填写一份关于你的出生和职业的详细资料的表格。根据汉语意思“职业”可知应填名词occupation，作宾语。故填occupation。 40. Either tomorrow or Wednesday is fine for me.Do you have a ________ (prefer)? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】preference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：明天或周三对我来说都可以。你有偏好吗？分析句子结构可知，冠词a后缺少名词作宾语，故填preference。 41. The scholars from different countries joined our _______ (学术的) discussion last year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】academic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：去年来自不同国家的学者参加了我们的学术讨论。“学术的”为academic，作定语。故填academic。 42. When it comes to campus __________ (secure), we have to take it seriously. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】security 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：说到校园安全，我们得严肃对待。设空处应填名词security作宾语，不可数，campus security意为“校园安全”。故填security。 43. This year has seen a number of _______ (remark) business stories in China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】remarkable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：今年，中国发生了许多引人注目的商业故事。空处作定语，修饰名词短语business stories，需用形容词remarkable。故填remarkable。 Part2 根据句意完成句子，确保语句通顺，词汇、语法运用正确，每空一词。（共6小题；每空0.5分，满分7分） 44. 你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you _______ ________ _______ constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 【答案】 ①. to ②. sum ③. up 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。空处表示“总结”用短语sum up，句中使用句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”，其中It为形式主语，空处为真正主语，用不定式结构to sum up。故填①to②sum③up。 45. 离开教室时，不要忘了关电灯。 Don’t forget to _______ _______ the light when you leave the classroom. 【答案】 ①. switch ②. off 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。空处表示“关闭”用动词短语switch off，forget to do意思为：忘记做某事，故空处动词用原形。故填①switch②off。 46. 乔被公认为今年最佳篮球选手。 Joe was _______ _______ the best player of the year. 【答案】 ①. acknowledged ②. as 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。“被公认为”为be acknowledged as。故填acknowledged as。 47. 我想走去车站，但他坚持要求开车送我去。 I wanted to walk to the station, but he _______ _______ _______ me there. 【答案】 ①. insisted ②. on ③. driving 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“坚持做某事”应用insist on doing sth，结合“wanted”可知，使用一般过去时，表示“开车送某人”应用drive sb.，此处使用动名词形式作宾语。故填①insisted；②on；③driving。 48. 因为被雷电击中，山顶上的那间木房子起火了。 That wooden house on top of the hill ________ ________ because it was hit by lightning. 【答案】 ①. caught ②. fire 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写动词作谓语。根据后文的was，可是本句为一般过去时。catch fire为动词短语，意为“起火”。过去式为caught。故填caught fire。 49. 双方都承诺和平解决争端。 Both sides _______ themselves _______ settle the dispute peacefully. 【答案】 ①. committed ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“承诺”应用commit to，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填①committed；②to。 第三节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lai Xuanzhi graduated from Wuhan Sports University, majoring in basketball. In 2010, the new graduate ___50___ (employ) as a PE teacher at a village school. Back then, it was challenging for him. Lacking facilities and funds, the school wasn’t set up ___51___ (hold) ordinary PE courses, such as basketball, soccer and track and field, so the ___52___ (ambition) young teacher had to shift his focus to something that was cheaper and easier to organize. He discovered rope-jumping. With it, he led the students from a village school to participate in many highly competitive international competitions. The very beginning was ___53___ first World Inter-School Rope Competition, which took place in Dubai in 2015. Lai’s team skipped through, winning 27 of the total of 28 gold ___54___ (medal). Lai watched the teens standing on the podium (领奖台) singing the national anthem with tears ___55___ (run) down their faces. It was at that moment ___56___ Lai came to realize that for students who are educated in a village school, rope-jumping could not only be part of physical education but also provide access ___57___ more opportunities. Now, Lai’s jump-rope team has over 200 members. “Children are the future of the country and the hope of the nation,” Lai says. “I hope the effort I ___58___ (put) into physical education can help them to gain a much ____59____ (bright) future.” 【答案】50. was employed 51. to hold 52. ambitious 53. the 54. medals 55. running 56. that 57. to 58. have put 59. brighter 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一位小学体育老师通过跳绳运动带领乡村学校的孩子们走向国际竞技舞台的故事。 【50题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：2010年，这位应届毕业生被聘为一所乡村学校的体育老师。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In 2010可知，时态需用一般过去时，结合句意可知，主语the new graduate和谓语动词employ之间构成被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was employed。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏设备和资金，学校并没有开设普通的体育课程，比如篮球、足球和田径，所以这位雄心勃勃的年轻老师不得不把注意力转移到更便宜、更容易组织的项目上。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以此处应使用不定式形式作目的状语，且表示主动意义。故填to hold。 【52题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于缺乏设备和资金，学校并没有开设普通的体育课程，比如篮球、足球和田径，所以这位雄心勃勃的年轻老师不得不把注意力转移到更便宜、更容易组织的项目上。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词teacher，ambition的形容词为ambitious意为“雄心勃勃的，有野心的”符合句意。故填ambitious。 【53题详解】 考查冠词。句意：最初是2015年在迪拜举行的第一届世界校际绳索比赛。分析句子结构可知，空后为序数词first，表示“第一届”，所以应为定冠词。故填the。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：赖的队伍跳过了比赛，赢得了28枚金牌中的27枚。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，medal为可数名词单数，空前有28修饰，所以此处应使用名词复数。故填medals。 【55题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：赖看着这些青少年站在领奖台上唱着国歌，泪流满面。分析句子结构可知，此处应为“with的复合结构”，此空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，run与宾语tears之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填running。 【56题详解】 考查强调句型。句意：就在那一刻，赖开始意识到，对于在乡村学校接受教育的学生来说，跳绳不仅可以成为体育教育的一部分，还可以提供更多的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型“it was…that/who…”，强调的是时间状语at that time，用that。故填that。 【57题详解】 考查介词。句意：就在那一刻，赖开始意识到，对于在乡村学校接受教育的学生来说，跳绳不仅可以成为体育教育的一部分，还可以提供更多的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语access to，意为“……的机会或权利”符合句意。故填to。 【58题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：我希望我在体育教育上付出的努力能帮助他们获得更光明的未来。分析句子结构可知，此处为限制性定语从句谓语动词，结合句意可知，说话时事情已经发生，应用完成时态，又因为主句的时态为一般现在时，所以此空应填现在完成时态表示该动作对现在造成的影响，且与从句主语I之间为主动关系，句子主语为第一人称。故填have put。 【59题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：我希望我在体育教育上付出的努力能帮助他们获得更光明的未来。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词future，空前有much修饰，所以此处应使用形容词比较级brighter。故填brighter。 第四部分 书面表达（满分25分） 60. 假定你是李华，你校正在开展主题为The role model in my heart的英语征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 你心中的榜样人物是谁； 2. 他/她的主要事迹； 3. 你从他/她身上学到了什么。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My role model is Zhang Guimei, a remarkable educator who has dedicated her life to improving girls’ education. Despite facing numerous hardships, including poor health, she founded a free high school for girls from impoverished families in rural areas. Ms. Zhang’s unwavering commitment has enabled countless girls to pursue their dreams through education. Her selfless dedication and perseverance have deeply inspired me. From her, I’ve learned the value of perseverance in the face of difficulties and the importance of making a positive impact on others’ lives. She encourages me to strive for excellence and contribute to society, no matter how tough the circumstances may be. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校正在开展的主题为The role model in my heart的英语征文活动写一篇短文投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 奉献：delicate→commit 尽管：despite→in spite of 使……可能：enable→allow 影响：impact→effect 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Despite facing numerous hardships, including poor health, she founded a free high school for girls from impoverished families in rural areas. 拓展句：Though she faced numerous hardships, including poor health, she founded a free high school for girls from impoverished families in rural areas. 【点睛】【高分句型1】My role model is Zhang Guimei, a remarkable educator who has dedicated her life to improving girls’ education.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】She encourages me to strive for excellence and contribute to society, no matter how tough the circumstances may be.（运用了no matter how引导让步状语从句） 1-5 ABACC 6-10 CABCA 11-15 BCBAB 16-20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$