UNIT 7 Section Ⅲ Grammar v. ed形式作状语（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2024）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar——v.-ed形式作状语 观察下列教材原句并思考黑体部分的功能 ①At work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted. ②Supported by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone's future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ. ③Compared to students who had not been involved in the study, they also showed a better understanding of the disabled students' feelings. ④…their students are receiving an education they really need, not solely based on IQ but on developing the entire character. [语法感知] 以上句子中均含有　v．-ed　形式，在句中分别作 宾语补足语、状语 等。 v．-ed形式在句中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等。其具体用法如下； 一、v.-ed 形式作表语 v．-ed 形式作表语时，总是在连系动词，如 be, appear, seem, look, remain, feel, get 等之后，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态或感受，主语多为人。v.-ed形式所表示的动作与句子的主语构成动宾关系。 ►The little girl was amazed at what she saw in the park. 小女孩对她在公园里看到的一切都感到很惊奇。 ►I'm not satisfied with either of the two pictures. 我对两张图片都不满意。 v.-ed 形式作表语与被动语态的区别 v．-ed形式作表语表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示一个被动的动作。 ►This book is well written. 这本书写得很好。(系表结构，表示状态) ►This book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写的。(被动结构，表示动作) [即时训练1]——单句语法填空 (1)His parents were disappointed (disappoint) at the news that he failed in the exam. (2)She felt frightened (frighten) when walking alone at night. (3)Hearing the heated music, the kids were excited (excite)． (4)The old lady became interested (interest) in writing when she was eighty. 二、v.-ed 形式作定语 v．-ed形式作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。v.-ed形式所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。 1．单个的v.-ed形式作定语通常放在被修饰名词之前；v.-ed形式短语作定语则放在被修饰名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。 ※有些v.-ed形式表示特定含义，单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后。如left(剩余的), given(所给的), concerned(有关的)等。另外，单个v.-ed形式作定语修饰代词时，应该放在被修饰词的后面。 2．有些v.-ed 形式作定语既可前置也可后置，意义不变，但有些v.-ed形式置于被修饰词前后的位置不同，则意义也不相同。 ►I am fond of the food cooked by your mother. ＝I am fond of the food that is cooked by your mother.我很喜欢你母亲做的饭菜。 ►There is little time left.Let's hurry up. 剩余时间不多了，咱们快点吧。 ►All the broken windows have been repaired. ＝All the windows broken have been repaired. 所有坏了的窗户已经修理好了。 doing, to do与done作定语的区别 (1)v.-ing形式作定语，表示其与所修饰词之间为主谓关系。 (2)不定式作定语，位于所修饰词的后面，通常表示将来发生的动作。 (3)v.-ed形式作定语，表示其与所修饰词之间为动宾关系。 [即时训练2]——单句语法填空 (1)The experience gained (gain) through the activity is very useful. (2)A major search is under way to find the escaped (escape) prisoners. (3)It is surprising that the man considered (consider) to be honest should steal his neighbor's horse. 三、v.-ed 形式作宾语补足语 1．宾语补足语与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系，即动词与宾语的关系表示被动，用v.-ed形式。 2．可接v.-ed形式作宾语补足语的动词有： (1)表示感觉或心理状态的词，如see, hear, feel, watch, notice, think, consider, find等。 (2)表示“致使”或者“保持某种状态”意义的动词，如make, get, have, keep, leave等。 (3)表示希望、请求、命令的词，如wish, like, expect, order等。 (4)with复合结构中可以使用v.-ed形式作宾语补足语。此时v.-ed形式与句子的主语没有逻辑关系，在句中通常作时间、方式、条件、原因和伴随状语。 ►I'll just get the dishes washed and then I'll come. 我得先把盘子洗了，然后就来。 ►He wouldn't like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不太喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。 ►The thief was forced into the police station with his hands tied back. 这个小偷双手捆绑在背后被带进了警察局。 ►With my homework finished, I went fishing with my father. 做完家庭作业后，我和父亲去钓鱼了。 [即时训练3]——单句语法填空 (1)Before the hurricane came, the family had the doors and windows of their house repaired (repair)． (2)Besides performing and modeling, Hannah travels the world giving presentations and talks, getting more people involved (involve) in the conservation of ocean life. (3)He had useless things removed (remove) to make enough room. (4)She was lying on the grass in the park, with her eyes fixed (fix) on a kite in the sky. 四、v.-ed 形式作状语 v．-ed形式在句中作状语，通常表示原因、时间、伴随、条件、结果、让步等。主语与v.-ed 形式在逻辑上存在动宾关系。 ►Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom. 在一群学生的簇拥下，那位老教师走进了教室。 ►Caught in a heavy rain, he was wet to the skin. 由于遇上了大雨，他浑身都湿透了。 ►Seen from space, the earth looks more beautiful. 从太空看，地球更美。 v.-ed形式的独立结构 v.-ed形式短语作状语时，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致，但有时它们可以有自己的独立主语，这种结构被称为独立主格结构。当逻辑主语与其后的动词是被动关系时，用v.-ed 形式。 ►All the work done, they decided to treat themselves to a movie.所有的工作都完成了，他们决定去看一场电影犒劳自己。(逻辑主语All the work与do之间存在被动关系，句中独立主格结构作原因或时间状语) [即时训练4]——单句语法填空 (1)Much time spent (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. (2) Absorbed (absorb) in reading her favorite book, Mary didn't notice her mother coming back. (3)When faced (face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. (4)If given (give) better attention, the serious accident could have been avoided. (5) Impressed (impress) by the beautiful scenery, I forgot to go back home in time. (6)The teacher came into the room, followed (follow) by two students. 维度一：基础题型训练 Ⅰ.用过去分词改写下列从句 1．Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 2．Though he was defeated again, he didn't lose heart. Though defeated again, he didn't lose heart. 3．The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students. The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students. 4．If I am given the opportunity to be a volunteer, I will do everything I can to do it well. If given the opportunity to be a volunteer, I will do everything I can to do it well. 5．Though he had been punished many times for his carelessness, he didn't pay attention to it at all. Though having been punished many times for his carelessness, he didn't pay attention to it at all. 维度二：语法与写作 Ⅱ.补全句子 1．由于被老师鼓励，这个女孩非常高兴。 Encouraged by the teacher , the girl was very happy. 2．如果处理不当，伤口会更严重的。 If improperly handled/If not properly handled , the wound will go worse. 3．尽管被单独留在家里，但是珍妮一点儿都不害怕。 Though left alone at home , Jenny didn't feel afraid at all. 4．那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那里。 The professor sat there cheerfully, surrounded by his students . 5．由于对泡茶感兴趣，那些外国人仔细观察，甚至拍照，试图记录下所有的细节。 Interested in making tea, the foreigners watched carefully and even took photos, trying to take down all the details. 维度三：语法与语篇 Ⅲ.使用本单元所学语法知识补全下面短文 1． Seen (see) from the space, the small village 2. surrounded (surround) by trees looks beautiful.When 3. awoken (awake) by the singing of birds, people feel 4. pleased (please) to start a happy day.Some drive to work in factories 5. located (locate) near the town.Some get their cows and horses 6. fed (feed) in the field.The housewives get their houses 7. cleaned (clean)．What a peaceful life they lead! Ⅳ.使用本单元所学语法知识翻译下面短文 在森林里迷路了一整天，男孩感到很担心。他后悔没有听从他母亲的建议，让他的狗跟着他。他又冷又累，不知道该怎么办。更糟糕的是，他的手机也没法打电话了。突然，他听到了远处的狗叫声，这让他精神振作起来。他的父母带着狗在黑暗中出现，把他带回了家。 One possible version： Lost in the forest for a whole day, the boy felt quite worried.He regretted not taking his mother's advice to have his dog follow him.Tired and cold, he didn't know what to do.Even worse, his phone was out of order.Suddenly, he heard a dog barking in the distance, which inspired him greatly.Followed by the dog, his parents appeared in the dark and took him back home. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$