UNIT 7 Section Ⅴ Grammar 表达否定意义的词或词组（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2024）

Section Ⅴ　Grammar——表达否定意义的词或词组 观察下列教材原句并思考黑体部分的功能 ①Most people now have no intention of following in their parents' footsteps or even staying at one job for very long. ②In fact, planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn't practical anymore. ③The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career. ④You might be able to keep your job if you finish what you are asked to do, but this is hardly a recipe for great career success. ⑤Lifetime security from one employer is no longer certain or even likely. [语法感知] 1．表达否定意义的形式多样，可以是否定副词，如句①中的 no ，句②中的　not…anymore　和句⑤中的 no longer 。 2．有些词加否定前缀或后缀表达否定意义，如句③中的 unlikely 。还有些词本身含有否定意义，如句④中的 hardly 。 英语中否定含义的表达形式多种多样，最常见的就是用否定词和否定短语来表达否定含义。 一、常见的否定词 1．可以用not, no, never, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere等否定词来表达否定意义。 ►Never in all my life have I seen such a horrible thing. 我一辈子也没有见过这么恐怖的事。 ►This kind of forest exists nowhere else in the world. 这种森林在世界其他任何地方都没有。 2．可以用hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, few等否定词来表达否定意义。 ►My garden was covered with so many butterflies that I could hardly see the flowers. 我的花园里飞满了蝴蝶，我几乎看不到花了。 ►She seldom, if ever, goes to the theatre. 她难得到剧院去看一场戏——虽然不能说从来不去。 注意：以上否定副词置于句首的时候，句子要用部分倒装结构。 ►Never did I know you had a twin sister. 我一点都不知道你还有个双胞胎姐姐。 ►Seldom has he seen a child with so much talent. 他很少见有如此天赋的孩子。 3．可以用含否定意义的前缀a-， ab-， an-， de-， dis-， il-， im-， in-， ir-， non-， un-， under- 等构成的词表达否定意义；也可以用后缀-less, -free, -proof等构成的词表达否定意义。 ►Today it is impossible to cure this disease completely. 目前要完全治愈这种疾病是不可能的。 ►Second, it is also useless to worry about the future. 其次，为未来而担忧也是没有用的。 [即时训练1] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①Karl is unlikely (likely) to come to the party because he is busy preparing for an exam. ②Mary was so careless (care) when hurrying through the hall that she fell over. ③His mother was in favor of his idea while his father disagreed (agree) with him. (2)翻译句子(部分倒装) ④他从来没有放弃过他最初的梦想。 Never has he given up his original dream. ⑤我们刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来它就塌了。 Hardly had we escaped from the burning house when it collapsed. 二、常见的否定词组 常见表达否定意义的词组及固定搭配有：far from 远非，绝不， rather than/instead of 而不是， free from 没有， would rather…than…/prefer…to…/ would…rather than… 宁愿……不愿……， no longer/not…any more/longer 不再……， have no intention of 不打算做某事， too…to… 太……而不能……， more A than B与其说B不如说A, in no case/in no way/by no means决不……等等。 ►Your work is far from being satisfactory. 你的工作一点也不令人满意。 ►They long for an equal society, free from poverty and disease. 他们渴望一个没有贫穷和疾病的平等社会。 ►He's too small to take care of himself. 他太小了，还不能照顾自己。 ►He is more brave than wise.他有勇无谋。 [即时训练2]——补全句子 (1)那天他们踢足球去了，没有去游泳。 Instead of/Rather than going swimming , they went to play football that day. (2)这课文太难了，学生理解不了。 The text is too difficult for the students to understand . (3)我们决不能阻止学生对新思想进行探索。 In no case should we prevent the students from exploring new ideas. 维度一：基础题型训练 Ⅰ.从方框中选择适当的词或短语填空 far from, free from, seldom, hardly, unless, would rather…than…， not until…， none, nobody, neither, any, everything, nor 1．—What do you think of my work? —I'm afraid it's far from satisfactory. 2．—John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday? — Neither .I'll be off to London then. 3．—I am new in the school and I know nobody here. —The kids are very kind and I think you will get along well with them and become friends soon. 4．To tell you the truth, I seldom go to the gym to work out. 5． Hardly can Mr Black believe what has happened to his daughter. 6．Mothers are doing what they can to make sure that their children are free from any kind of harm. 7．The young lady said she would rather remain single than marry such a selfish man. 8．It was not until they settled in the quiet countryside that Joe felt happy and content. 9．The company won't take on these graduates unless they get through tomorrow's final test. 10．The parents didn't tolerate their kids' rudeness at the party, nor did they allow themselves to be disobeyed. 11．I thought there would be many students waiting in the hall, but when I got in, I found none . 12．To be honest with you, I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with everything . 13．Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn't answer any of them, which made the teacher angry. 维度二：语法与写作 Ⅱ.补全句子 1．我等不及要读这本书了。 I can't wait to read the book. 2．时间比任何东西都珍贵。 Nothing is more valuable than time. 3．一个人的朋友越多越好。 A man cannot have too many friends . 4．并非所有的计划都是可行的。 Not all the plans are practical. 5．听到这个笑话，我们情不自禁地笑了起来。 Hearing the joke, we couldn't help laughing . 6．难怪你累了呢，你已经走了好几个小时了。 It is no wonder that you're tired.You've been walking for hours. 7．这部电影很有趣，我从来没有看过更好的。 This film is very interesting.I have never seen a better one . 8．她现在已经不可能完全恢复了。 There is now no possibility that she will make a full recovery. 维度三：语法与语篇 Ⅲ.根据括号内的提示完成下面短文 When Elizabeth came to Mr Bingley's house to look after her sister, Darcy met with her again.During this time, Darcy fell in love with Elizabeth gradually, but 1. Darcy would rather hide his feelings than express them (达西宁愿隐藏自己的感情也不愿表达出来；would rather…than…)．On a heavy rainy day, he finally told Elizabeth all his thoughts. 2． Elizabeth hardly dared to believe it (伊丽莎白几乎不敢相信这一切；hardly) because at that time she misunderstood Darcy deeply.However, 3. Darcy knew nothing about these misunderstandings (达西对这些误解一无所知；nothing)．Afterwards, Darcy realised that 4. Elizabeth could not accept him unless he had explained all the misunderstanding (除非他把所有误会解释清楚，否则伊丽莎白不可能接受他；unless), so he wrote a letter to Elizabeth in which he clearly explained all the matters concerned.5. The letter made Elizabeth free from prejudice against Darcy (这封信使伊丽莎白消除了对达西的偏见；free from) and she started to take a new look at Darcy as well as his good qualities. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$