2025年人教版中考英语二轮复习 被动语态学案

被动语态 1. 定义 主动语态谓语动词多表示动作的_。(执行者/承受者) 被动语态谓语动词多表示动作的_。(执行者/承受者) 2. 构成 助动词_+及物动词的_ Shakespeare’s plays are seen by millions of people every year. 3. 主动语态转换为被动语态的步骤 主语+谓语+宾语 (主动语态) 宾语+谓语+(by+主语) (被动语态) 助动词be+过去分词 We speak English.(主动语态) 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by us.(被动语态) 主语 谓语 宾语 4. 结构 肯定句 主语+助动词be+_+(by...) 否定句 主语+助动词be+_+_+(by...) 疑问句 助动词be+主语+_+(by...)? 特殊疑问词+助动词be+主语+_+(by...)? 5. 被动语态的应用 序号 情形 例句 1 当我们不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时 Such books are written for children. 2 当谈话的中心是动作的承受者,而不是动作的执行者是 A large number of engineers are sent to Africa (by our government) to help people there every year. 3 由于某种原因不愿或回避谈论动作的执行者时 Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere. 4 为礼貌起见避免提及动作的执行者时 I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself. 6. 注意事项 序号 情形 例句 1 There be句式没有被动语态 There is a man standing over there. 2 不及物动词没有被动语态 Interest rates rise from 4% to 5%. 3 动词短语变为被动语态时应将其视为一个整体,不能随意拆开或省略。 The doctor looks over the patient carefully. The patient is looker over carefully by the doctor. 4 主动句中的宾语为反身代词时,不能变为被动语态 He taught himself English. 5 系表结构的句子没有被动语态 He looks sad. 6 使役动词(let,have,make等)和感官动词(see,hear,watch,notice)在主动语态中使用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动语态时,to不能省略。 I heard Lin Tao sing English songs. Lin Tao was heard to sing English songs by me. 7 主动语态中含双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)时,可把表示人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,也可把表示物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,此时间接宾语前要加介词for或to。 She often shows me her photos. I am often showed her photos by her. Her photos are often showed to me by her. 练习题 一、单项选择 1. Our school library _ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading here. A.decorates B.decorated C.is decorated D.was decorating 2. -Will you go to Lisa’s housewarming party next Sunday? -Well, if I _, I will go on time. A.invite B.will invite C.am invited D.will be invited 3. -Mr. White, when shall we hand in my report? -As soon as it _ tomorrow. A.finishes B.will finish C.will be finished D.is finished 4. According to the new city rules, we _ to show our green health codes(健康码)when we go to public places. A.asked B.are asked C.were asked D.ask 5. The students are made _ school uniforms on Monday. A.to wear B.wearing C.wear D.worn 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The trees _(clean) by me every day. 2. Their questions and suggestions may be _(consider) as “brakes” which stand in our way. 3. The cats in the cafe _(rescue) by an animal charity. 4. This kind of shoes _(sell) well. 5. The food _(smell) delicious. 作业: 1、 把下列句子变成被动语态。 1. People use metal for making machines. _ 2. People grow rice in the south of the country. _ 3. They will send cars abroad by sea. _ 4. He often passes me my pen. _ 5. Do they buy presents for Betty’s birthday? _ 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Trees and flowers _(plant) every year to make our school more beautiful. 2. Books are _(read) in many languages around the world. 3. About two million kinds of fungi-more than 90% of all-have yet to be _(describe) by science, according to Rebecca Morelle, a science reporter for the BBC. 4. Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be _(keep) safe. 5. The Silk Road _(set) up during the Han Dynasty and drove the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultural practices. 3、 句子翻译 1. 这本书是韩寒写的。 The book _ _ _ _ Han Han. 2. 说汉语的人最多。 Chinese _ _ _ most people in the world. 3. 这种裙子到处都看得到。 This style of dress _ _ _. 4. 你应该自己做家庭作业。 Your homework _ _ _ by _. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$