Section Ⅵ GRAMMAR——同根词变形-【一线调研】2024-2025学年高中英语同步讲练测必修第三册（北师大版）

UNIT 7 ART 保护是多么重要。（环境保护） 【记牢】 a whole new world can open up to you. 强调句型iis/was,hat/who用来强调句子 ②我认为，正是那些有着相同文化的人可以分享 中除谓语和定语之外的成分。被强调的部分指人 他们的感受。 时用who或that均可；指事物或状况时用that。 I think it is always the people who have the same (l)基本句式：Itis/was十被强调部分+that/who culture 十其他成分 ③是因为生病他才不能来吗？ (2)一般疑问句：Is/Was it十被强调部分+that/ he can't who十其他成分？ come? (3)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词十is/was it十that ④是因为什么他才不能来？ who十其他成分？ he can't (4)not…until句型的强调句：Itis/was not until come? 十被强调部分十that十其他成分 ⑤直到我儿子上了大学他才意识到时间的重要性。 【练透】完成句子 my son had entered the ①只有当你能从过去摆脱出来，一个全新的世界 university he realised the 才会向你敞开。 importance of time. Section M GRAMMAR 同根词变形 初识语法 I.语法图解 5.Beethoven was afraid that the performance 动词变名词的后缀 would be a disaster. 动词、名词变形形容词的后缀 6.After all,what use is a conductor who could not 同根词变形 表示“人”的名词后缀 hear his orchestra-even if he is a musical genius? 变动词的前缀和后缀 7.The theatre's musical director,Michael 表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀 Umlauf,joined him and together the two men Ⅱ.语法感知 took charge of the orchestra. 1.Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. 8.For more than an hour,Beethoven jumped about in 2.Inspired by his struggles with deafness,the front of the orchestra,waving his arms wildly in composer produced some amazing pieces,including the air,and madly turning the pages of his score. nine symphonies,five piano pieces,and an opera! ○我的发现 3.He proceeded with the composition until his (1)-er,or,-ness,-ion,-ance等是动词变 death in 1827… 的后缀，如句1,2,3,5,6,7。 4.As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of (2)-ing是动词变 的后缀，如 the page,Beethoven tried to imagine how 句2。 people would respond when they heard it for the (3)-al是名词变 的后缀，如句6。 first time. (4)y是形容词变 的后缀，如句 4,8。 ·25· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研|英语·必修第三册·BSD 探究语法 了解构词法知识是词汇学习的重要途径，同时 续表 也是扩大词汇量的一个重要方法。英语中构词法 后缀 例词 主要分为派生法、转化法和合成法。牢固掌握并熟 achieve-→achievement功绩；成就 练运用构词法知识，不仅有助于提高对生词的辨识 argue→argument争论；论据 -ment 能力，而且可以运用到语法填空对于词性转化的考 treat-→treatment对待：治疗 查中。 equip→equipment设备 在一个词的词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来 fail→failure失败；没做到 -ure press→pressure压力 生成一个新词的构词法叫作派生法。加在词根之 前的词缀为前缀，加在词根之后的为后缀。 mix→mixture混合；混合物 -ture depart-→departure离开；出发 一、动词变名词的后缀 recover-→recovery恢复：痊愈 后缀 例词 -y discover-→discovery发现 approve-→approval赞成；批准 grow→growth成长：发展 arrive→arrival到来；到达 -al choose-→choice选择 survive→survival幸存 其他 vary→variety多样化；种类 propose-→proposal提议；建议 tend→tendency趋向；趋势 appear-→appearance出现；外貌 -ance guide-→guidance指引；指导 即时演练] perform→performance表演，节目 用所给词的适当形式填空 exist-→existence存在；生存 1.Her parents gave their ence prefer→preference偏爱 (approve)for her to study abroad. refer→reference参考；查阅 2.With the teacher's (guide),he attract-attraction吸引 improved his academic performance. construct-→construction建设 3.The beautiful scenery is a major -ion educate-→education教有 evaluate-→evaluation评估 (attract)for tourists visiting the area. graduate-→graduation毕业 4.The parents have high (expect) expect-*expectation期待；期望 for their children's academic achievements. explain→explanation解释 5.She received an (invite)to consider-→consideration考虑 ation attend a friend's wedding. imagine-→imagination想象力 6.They held a (discuss)on the starve-starvation饥饿 invite-→invitation邀请；请束 impact of technology on society. 7.Regular exposure to loud noises can damage discuss-→discussion讨论；辩论 -(s)sion decide-→decision决定 your (hear). admit-→admission接纳；准许人学 8.The athlete's (achieve)in hear→hearing听力；听觉 breaking the world record was celebrated by the -ing begin+beginning开始 entire nation. ·26· UNIT 7 ART 二、动词、名词变形容词的后缀 续表 后缀 例词 后缀 例词 accept-→acceptable可接受的 continue-→continuous不断的；持续的 comfort-→comfortable舒适的 anxiety→anxious忧虑的 -able fashion→fashionable时髦的 -ous caution→cautious十分小心的：谨慎的 suit→suitable合适的 curiosity-→curious好奇的 reason-→reasonable有道理的 humour-→humourous幽默的 music-→nusical音乐的 tire→tiresome令人厌烦的 -some origin→original最初的 trouble-→troublesome麻烦的 person→personal个人的：私人的 taste→tasty美味的：可口的 -al centre-→central中央的，中心的 health→healthy健康的 nature-→natural自然的；天生的 wealth-wealthy富裕的；丰宫的 form→formal正式的 dirt→dirty有灰尘的；脏的 nation-→national全国的 rain→rainy有雨的 doubt-→doubtful怀疑的 sun→sunny阳光明媚的 forget-→forgetful健忘的 cloud--cloudy阴天的 harm→harmful有害的 east→eastern东方的；向东的 hope→hopeful有希望的 -ern -ful west→western西方的：向西的 peace→peaceful和平的 care→careful仔细的 child--childish孩子气的 use→useful有用的 -ish fool→foolish愚蠢的，可笑的 help→helpful有帮助的 self→selfish自私的 scare-→scared感到恐惧的 science*scientific科学的 confuse-→confused感到困惑的 -ic economy-·economic经济的 puzzle-+puzzled迷惑的 history→historic历史上著名的 ed worry→worried担心的 -ary imagine-→imaginary想象中的 bore→bored感到厌倦的 excite-→excited激动的；兴奋的 即时演练2 underline→underlined加下划线的 用所给词的适当形式填空 surprise-→surprising令人惊讶的 1.This is a (person)matter,and I'd convince→convincing令人信服的 prefer not to discuss it with others. -ing satisfy-→satisfying令人满意的 2.Smoking is (harm)to your health. worry-→worrying令人担心的 bore-boring令人厌烦的 3.The students were (confuse)by the complex instructions. access-→accessible容易到达的 -ible horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的 4.It was (surprise)to see her at the terror→terrible可怕的 event,as she rarely attends social gatherings. act→active积极的；活跃的 5.Exercise is an (effect)way to reduce effect→effective有效的；生效的 stress and improve overall health. attract-→attractive有吸引力的 三、表示“人”的名词后缀 -ive impress-→impressive给人深刻印象的 在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具 instruct-→instructive有教育意义的 有某种职业或动作的人。常见的表示“人”的后 expense-expensive昂贵的 缀有： ·27· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研英语·必修第三册·BSD 后缀 例词 四、变动词的前缀和后缀 clean→cleaner清洁工 词缀 例词 -(e)r report-→reporter记者 able→enable使能够 strange-→stranger陌生人 large-→enlarge扩大 invent-→inventor发明家 前缀 en- rich·enrich使充实；使丰富 -0r visit-→visitor游客 danger→endanger危及 direct-→director导演 courage→encourage鼓励 lie→liar说谎者 -ar beg→beggar乞讨者，乞丐 broad-→broaden使变宽 ripe→ripen使成熟 employ→employee雇员 sharp→sharpen使尖锐 -ee interview→interviewee参加面试者 wide→widen加宽 train→trainee受训者，学员 -en short→shorten变短 host→hostess女主人 deep→deepen加深 -(r)ess act→actress女演员 dark→darken使变暗 music-→nusician音乐家 hard→harden使变硬 后缀 -ian politics~politician政治家 history→historian历史学家 pure→purify净化 just→justify证明…正当的 art→artist艺术家 -ify simple-→simplify简化 -ist science-→scientist科学家 beauty-→beautify美化 piano-→pianist钢琴家 apology-→apologise道款 serve→servant仆人 emphasis→emphasise强调 -ant participate-→participant参加者 -ise memory-→memorise记住 assist-→assistant助手，助理 rea→realise认识到，实现 即时演练3 即时演练4 用所给词的适当形式填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.We should show our appreciation to the 1.This scholarship will (able) (clean)who work hard to maintain the me to further my education and pursue my cleanliness of our environment. dreams. 2.The (visit)was impressed by 2.Traveling abroad can help the natural beauty of the scenic spot. (broad)your horizons and deepen your 3.The (employ)was praised for understanding of different cultures. his outstanding performance and dedication to 3.It's hard to (just)the high his work. price of the product given its poor quality. 4.As a talented (music),she can 4.She (apology)to her friend for play several instruments skillfully. not being able to attend her birthday party. 5.As a participate)in the marathon, she trained hard to improve her endurance. ·28· UNIT 7 ART 五、表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀 续表 词缀 例词 词缀 例词 agree-→disagree不同意 usua→unusual不寻常的 advantage-→disadvantage不利条件 前缀 willing-→unwilling不愿意的 un- dis- appear→disappear消失 happy-◆unhappy不高兴的 comfort-→discomfort不舒服 known→unknown不出名的 honest→dishonest不诚实的 hope→hopeless绝望的 lega→illegal不合法的 i end→endless没完没了的 logical-→illogical不合逻辑的 后缀 -less care→careless粗心的 polite-→impolite无礼的 help→helpless无助的 前缀 im- patient-→impatient不耐烦的 use→useless无用的 moral-→immoral不道德的 即时演练5 formal→informal非正式的 in- convenient-→inconvenient不方便的 用所给词的适当形式填空 direct-+indirect间接的 1.Wearing tight shoes can cause regular-→irregular不规则的 (comfort)and even lead to foot problems. ir responsible→irresponsible不负责任的 2.It is polite)to interrupt lead→mislead误导 someone while they are speaking. mis understand*misunderstand误解 3.t's (usual)for him to be late to work;he must have met with some problems. 课堂巩固练 I,用所给词的适当形式填空 Ⅱ，用构词法知识进行同义句改写 1.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the 1.What amazed me was that he was the bravest road,in order to promote environmental among the three. (protect). -To my he was the bravest 2.Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even among the three. more (meaning). →Iwas that he was the 3.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci,for bravest among the three. example, rough)200 2.I think he is able to communicate with others academics-many of them climate scientists- with fluency. have promised to fly as little as possible since →I think he has the to communicate the effort started two years ago. with others 4.With the develop)of 3.The man apologised to his mother for his rude industry,air pollution is getting more and more behaviour. serious. -The man made an to his mother for 5.Besides,Chinese has always been my his behaviour. (strong)among all the subjects. 4.The girl is not willing to admit that she is not 6.You can keep health)by honest. eating well and exercising regularly. →The girl is to admit that she is ·29· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研丨英语·必修第三册·BSD Most of the travel has indeed brought 5.The girl doesn't like the toy car because she has .(satisfy) a curiosity about the doll. 4.有无数的文章告诉我们互联网如何使我们的生 →The girl the toy car because she is 活变得更方便。 about the doll. There are countless articles telling us how the Ⅲ.语法与写作 Internet 根据汉语提示完成下面的句子。 (convenience) 1.如果你努力，我们每个人都可以为我们的班级 5.她全身心地投入到研究中，这使她在她的领域 做出贡献。 中赢得了良好的声誉。 Every one of us can and it earned if you make an effort.(contribute) her a good reputation in her field.(entire) 2.许多人对那个安排表示不满。 6.听到他去世的消息，我们都很震惊。 Many people have expressed their dissatisfaction of his death. .(arrange) (shock) 3.大多数旅行确实带来了持久的快乐和满足。 Section VI WRITING WORKSHOP READING CLUB 核心知识 夯基筑本 I,语境写单词 的→express v.表达，表示，表现 1.the of the nation国家的青年 7 adj.脏的；凌乱的→mess n.杂 2.a spelling 拼写比赛 乱，凌乱 3. arts classes武术课程 8. adj.可依法惩处的→punish v. 4. novels畅销小说 惩罚 5.read 广泛地阅读 9. adj.美术的；艺术的→artist n. 6.a painter and a 画家和雕刻家 画家：艺术家 Ⅱ.拓展识变化 10. n.象征主义→symbol.象 1. ado.当前；现时→current adj. 征；符号：标志→symbolise ut..象征；用符号表现 当前的；现时的 11. n.敬佩；羡慕→admire vt,钦 2. adj.可接受的→accept vt. 佩；赞美→admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极好的； 接受 值得赞扬的 3. n.个人，个体adj.个人的→ 12. n,允许；许可-→permit.许 individually adv.个人地 可；允许 4. ut,感激；欣赏→appreciation 13. adj.(行为)带有威胁的→ n.感激：欣赏 threat n.威胁，恐吓→threaten vt.威胁；恐吓→ 5. ado.忠诚地，忠实地→faithful threatened ad..受到威胁的 ad.忠诚的，忠实的→faith n.信心，忠实，信任 14. n.广告→advertise v.做广告， 6. adj.富于感情的；明确表露想法 宣传 ·30·