Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【一线调研】2024-2025学年高中英语同步讲练测选择性必修第一册（人教版）

UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 单元学习日标 (主题语境：人与社会 科技发展与信息技术剑新) 必记单词 重点短语 经典句型 phrase occupation relevant switch off on L.It will take+一段时间+ switch hence available remote control before从句 secure rural security air conditioner automatic emphasis combine daily routine efficient prospect clone keep track of 2.It十is/was十过去分词十 routine accurate forecast early on that从句 instant persuade oppose catch fire constant distant absence in this sense (in...sense) cancer remote advocate artificial intelligence (Al) 3.make+it+形容词/名词+ leak integrate career keep in touch (with...) (for sb)to do sth detect mode essay in the absence of innovation preference nevertheless warning crime critical 核心语法 话题写作 artificial potential predict wire 将来进行时 预测未来的变化 单元话题引人 背景导入：人工智能对人类真正的威胁是什么？其实，虽然机器在逻辑分析推算方面，能力会远超 人类，但是依然是属于人类操控的工具。AlphaGo这类的“人工智能”机器真正可能带来的危机，不是 奴役人类，而是让人类丧失斗志，无所事事。 Artificial Intelligence:A REAL THREAT? In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking,artificial intelligence will be "either the best,or the worst thing,ever to happen to humanity".Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI.Is it our greatest human achievement so far?Or is it the biggest threat to our existence? Millenniumbutterfly Thanks to Al,I've got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her,and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences.It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast,my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant. And speaking of hanging out,I'm hoping that self-driving cars are available soon.I've been taking driving lessons for over a year,and still haven't got my licence.Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do,and can make judgements based on information.And as they won't be susceptible to human error,they'll certainly be a lot safer.The only thing is that there might be a few machine- learning problems when the first cars hit the market,so perhaps I'd better learn to drive first.Still,I do ·21· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·选择性必修第一册 think that developments in Al will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot easier. Popkid The technology you're using and enjoying today is a basic form of AI which can't think independently without programming.Of course,it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of Al-a truly independent form of artificial intelligence,capable of exercising its own judgement,could help us solve many of the world's problems.But have you ever thought about the risks?After all,why would an independent form of AI need to consider the opinions and desires of humans?We could be seen as a"small"inconvenience that's in the way of a solution to a bigger problem.If we're lucky,AI might think we're valuable enough to keep around.If not,it might wipe us all out! Even if that doesn't happen.there are other risks.Millenniumbutterfly,you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars,but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs?They would just be among the first victims of Al.Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.Even journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports.As it is,almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years. The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of Al. 【词汇积累】 ①humanity n.人类 ⑤capable adj.有能力的：能千的 ②recommendation n.提议，推荐 ⑥wipe out消灭 ③hang out逛 ⑦victim m.受害者：受骗者 ④susceptible adj.易受影响的 ⑧automation n.自动化：自动操作 [随手记] Section I Reading and Thinking 助篇章理解·答疑解惑 感课文原文 SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house?Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer?These kinds of things happen to us all the time,waste resources,and can sometimes lead to problems.However,in the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will [I]keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment ·22· UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE [2]to live in. [I]keep us secure为“keep十宾语+宾语补足语”结构，此处的宾语补足语由形容词充当。此外， keep后的宾语补足语还可以由名词、动词-ing形式、过去分词或介词短语充当。 [2]动词不定式to live in作后置定语，修饰environment,由于live是不及物动词，介词in不可 省略。 Intelligent Controls Today,we have to use switches for our lights,knobs for our appliances,and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners.In the future,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself.You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on [3]the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will [4]find your dinner already prepared for you.All controls will respond to voice commands,so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey. [3]the instant一…就，是名词短语，可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。 [4 find your dinner already prepared..是“find+宾语十宾语补足语”结构，此处的宾语补足语由 过去分词充当。 Regular Health Checks In addition,your smart home [5]will be monitoring your health for you every day.Your bed,for example,will record how well you sleep every night.It will also be checking your body weight.If you start to have sleep or weight problems,it will send a warning to your phone.It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and [6]how to sleep better.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness,such as cancer,and potentially save your life. [5]本段中的will be monitoring,will also be checking,will be keeping均是将来进行时。 [6]how to sleep better是“疑问词十动词不定式”结构，作介词on的实语， No More Disasters Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking,or if there is a short in the electrical wiring.your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.This way,you will be able to fix the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire. This smart technology is not a fantasy.Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.In this sense,the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless,it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. ·23· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·选择性必修第一册 参考译文 智能家居让生活更加便利 你忘记过锁家门吗？或是你忘记过关掉电视或电脑吗？诸如此类的事情经常发生在我们身上，浪 费资源，有时还会引发问题。然而在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能的家里。智能的家会在我们外出 时锁好家门，会在我们忘记关掉电视的时候替我们关上。这样的智能家居将保障我们的安全，节省我 们的能源，为我们提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。 智能控制 今天，我们必须使用开关来控制我们的电灯，使用旋钮来控制我们的家用电器，使用遥控器来控 制我们的电视机和空调。在未来，我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。 未来的住宅将使用集成传感器来感应你每天早晨何时出门，然后自动进入节能模式。你再也不用想着 自己打开或关闭各种开关。你的住宅还能了解你的日程安排和喜好，所以每天晚上你回到家时，一切 都已经准备就绪。你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目（会自动播放），而且你 会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。所有的控制器都将响应语音指令，因此如果你想要改变日程安排，你只 需大声说出你的想法，家居系统就会照办。 定期健康检查 此外，你的智能家居每天都会监测你的健康状况。例如，你的床铺会记录你每晚的睡眠状况，还 能检测你的体重。如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会将警告发到你的手机上。此外，就如何实现更 加健康的饮食和更好的睡眠，它还会给子你建议。智能马桶也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。如果发现异 常情况，或是你得了癌症等重大疾病，智能马桶会提前警告你，并有可能挽救你的生命。 不再有事故 智能家居将能够防止事故造成严重损害。例如，如果水管漏水或发生电线短路，你的智能家居将 会探测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。这样一来，你就能够在家里水流满地或着火前及时解决问题。 这种智能技术不是幻想。这些新近的革新中有许多已经唾手可得，并且正在一些住宅中使用。从这个 意义上说，明日之家已经是今日之家。然而，还需要几年的时间大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。 课文深读·分析篇 Step 1:把握课文脉络 Conclusion Introduction Now:New innovations are available. Advantages of smart homes Future:It will take some years before most new homes ·Keep us1. begin to use this new technology. ·Save us energy Step2:了解课文细节 ·Provide a more2. environment to live in 1.The author's purpose in writing this passage is Examples to Intelligent Controls A.make smart homes accepted by more families Using advanced technology for 3. control of B.introduce how smart homes can make life everything in our home easier ·Regular Health Checks 4. your health C.explain smart homes still have some shortage ·No More Disasters D.tell people the application of smart homes 5. serious damage from aceidents need some time ·24 UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 2.Who is the intended audience of this text? for us when we are away and remember to A.Students. switch off the TV when we forget. B.Parents. 句式分析：本句是 句。we will be living C.Home owners. in smart homes是主句；that will lock the door D.Doctors. for us when we are away and remember to 3.Where would you most likely find this article? switch off the TV when we forget A.In a science magazine. 从句，修饰先行词smart homes;when we are B.In a research report. away和when we forget是 从句。 C.In a health magazine. 自主翻译： D.In a book review. Step3:扬己见提升思维 1.What do you think of smart homes? 2.All controls will respond to voice commands,so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will 2.In the future,what will smart homes do besides obey. what you have learnt in the text? 句式分析：本句是 连接的并列句。在 第二个分句中if you want to change your routine 是 从句；and连接两个并列分句：you just 3.In what way is the home of tomorrow already say aloud what you want the home system will obey,在第一个并列分句中what you want是 the home of today? 从句，作say的宾语。 自主翻译： Step4:扩充课文内容 Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe doors,lights,dinners,beds and toilets 3.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking.or if in smart homes. there is a short in the electrical wiring,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information. 句式分析：本句是 句。your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information是主句，and连接并列谓语 和 ,or连接两个并列的 从句。 自主翻译： Step5:突破课文难点 1.However,in the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door ·25· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·选择性必修第一册 重难点知识·要突破 重点词汇详解 persuade vt.劝说：说服：使相信 【教材原句】For example,the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade, 例如，短语in my opinion告诉我们这篇文章可能是为了说服。 persuade sb to do sth 【练透】单句语法填空 (1) 说服某人做某事 persuade sb into doing sth DI do know how upset the shop staff can get,but persuade sb not to do sth I try to persuade them (keep)smiling. (2) 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb out of doing sth 2I have successfully persuaded the professor (of sth my honesty,hard work and generosity. (3)persuade sb 使某人相信… that 【写美】一句多译 【佳句】①My father persuades me out of playing ③我设法说服大卫参加比赛，因为他为此训练得 computer games when I am free. 很刻苦。 我的父亲劝说我在空闲时不要玩电脑游戏」 →I managed to 2Don't let yourself be persuaded into buying for he had practised so hard for it. things you don't want. →I managed to 不要被说服去买你不想要的东西。 for he had practised so hard for it. 2 preference n.爱好；偏爱 【教材原句】Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening,.你的住宅还能了解你的日程安排和喜好，所以每天晚上你回到家 时，一切都已经准备就绪。 (l)have a preference for偏爱更喜欢 【练透】单句语法填空 give preference to给…以优惠；优先选择 DThe manager has decided to give in preference to优先于；而不是 (prefer)to those who have worked here for many (2)prefer ut.更喜欢 years. prefer (doing)A to (doing)B 2To live a low-carbon life,many people choose 与（做）B相比更喜欢（做）A buses preference to private cars to work. prefer to do A rather than do B 【写美】一句多译 宁愿做A也不愿做B ③为了保持身体健康，我宁愿开窗户也不愿开空调。 【佳句】Knowing that you have a preference for -To keep physically healthy,I Chinese chess,I'm determined to assist you with the air conditioner. all my might. To keep physically healthy,I 得知你更喜欢中国象棋，我下定决心全力帮助你。 the air conditioner. 3 command n,指令；命令：控制l.命令；控制；获得：赢得 【教材原句】All controls will respond to voice commands,so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.所有的控制器都将响应语音指令，因此如果你 想要改变日程安排，你只需大声说出你的想法，家居系统就会照办。 ·26· UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE sb to do sth... Chinese paintings. (1)command that.(should)do.… 我精通英语和汉语，这对于介绍中国绘画很有益处。 (2)have a good command of 精通…：对 【练透】单句语法填空 掌摇熟练 DWith her husband keeping her company,she in command of掌提，控制 gradually felt happy and command of in/under the command of由…挖制 herself. 2 It is said that this army is the 【佳句】I have a good command of English and command of the extraordinary general. Chinese,which is beneficial for introducing ④available adj.可获得的：可购得的；（人）有空的：可利用的 【教材原句】Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.这些新 近的革新中有许多已经唾手可得，并且正在一些住宅中使用。 (1)be available to do sth可用来做某事 【练透】语境辨义 be available for可用于…的 DWe'll be leaving at 8:00 in the morning and a be available in在某地有… school bus is available for us at the school gate. not available for comment无暇作出评论 (2)availability n,可用性，可得性；空闲 I had intended to go to my cousin's birthday last the availability of affordable housing有经济 night,but I was not available. 适用房供应 3With all the information available,they found 【佳句】①It is the development of science and the hotel in the mountain easily. technology that makes such a comfortable and 【写美】词汇升级 convenient life available to us. OI'm Li Hua.I'm wondering if you are free at the 是科技的发展使我们可以拥有如此舒适和便利的 weekend.If so,let's have a face-to-face talk about 生活。 table manners. 2It is vital that food is made available to the I'm Li Hua.I'm wondering if you are famine areas. at the weekend.If so,let's have a face-to-face talk 向饥荒地区提供食物是至关重要的。 about table manners. 互in this sense(in…sense)从这种（某种）意义上来讲 【教材原句】In this sense,the home of tomorrow is already the home of today..从这个意义上说，明日之 家已经是今日之家 make sense讲得通；有意义 【练透】根据汉语提示完成下面语段 make sense of懂得；了解…的意义 DI am terribly sorry to hear that you have make no sense讲不通；没有意义 difficulty (理解)what your in a sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上 physics teacher says in class.What I must stress is in no sense决不（置于句首，句子用部分倒装） that (抱怨没有意义). There'sno,little sence in doing sth做某事没有意义 Meanwhile, (你绝对不能放 【佳句】In this sense,what he said just now didn't 弃)，What you must do now is turn to your make sense. classmates and teachers for assistance. =In this sense,what he said just now made no sense. (在某种意义上)，only if you insist on 从这种意义上来讲，他刚才说的话没有意义。 studying physics can you make obvious progress in the not-too-distant future. ·27· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·选择性必修第一册 【写美】句式升级 →In no sense keep trying and 2Never lose heart;if you keep trying,you will you will make it sooner or later.(倒装句) make it sooner or later. 重点句型解构 口句型公式：the instant引导时间状语从句，意为”一…就…” 【教材原句】Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还 有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目（会自动播放），而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。 有些名词短语可用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句： 约翰一听说伯纳德有麻烦，他就立即不遗余力地 (1)the moment,.second,minute,相当于as soon 帮助他摆脱困境。 as(一…就…） 【写美】一句多译 (2)every'each/next/last time每次/下次/上次； 一得知将会有一场英语诗歌朗诵比赛，我就写信 the first'second5..time第一二…次 邀请你参加。 (3)on/upon doing sth也表示一…就… an English (4)副词immediately,instantly,directly也可用 Poetry Recitation Competition,I am writing to 作连词，相当于as soon as invite you to participate in it. 【佳句】The instant John heard that Bernard was in an English trouble,he immediately spared no effort to help Poetry Recitation Competition,I am writing to him out of difficulty. invite you to participate in it. ☑句型公式：“It will take-十一段时间十before从句”意为“还要多久才…” 【教材原句】Nevertheless,it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology..然而，还需要几年的时间大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。 It will be十时间段+before从句要过一段时 这使她如坐针毡。但是她不断地安慰自己：“用不 间才… 了多久我的丈夫就会找到我。” It wasn't long+before从句没过多久就… twon't be long十before从句过不了多久就会： 【佳句】IT'm afraid it will take be many years before which made her feel like sitting on pins and we meet again. needles.But she constantly comforted herself. 恐怕要过许多年我们才能再见面。 【写美】完成句子 没过多久，简就意识到她在陌生的森林里迷路了， 中频词汇特训 ☐switch vt.转换：交换i.&t.(使)改变：转变n,开关；转换器；改变 (1)switch off/on关/开（电灯、机器等） 【佳句】It seemed that Tom became bored and I switeh from..to…从…转变为… had to switch the conversation to a different topic. switch sides转换立场 汤姆似乎感到厌烦了，我只好把谈话转到另一个话题。 switch attention/focus转移注意力'焦点 【练透】单句语法填空 (2)make a switch(in)玫变(…) DTo break the ice,we switched the conversation an important policy switch一项重要的政装改变 from one subject another. ·28 UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 【写美】完成句子 ③小说家非常固执，以至于他在对待这件事的态 ②上课时请大家关掉手机并保持安静。 度上拒绝改变。 and keep quiet during So stubborn was the novelist that he the lecture. in his attitude to the event. 2 potential adj.可能的；潜在的n.潜力：可能性 have the potential to do sth有潜力做某事 (become)a champion. achieve/develop one's potential发挥某人的潜能 【写美】完成句子 【佳句】As a matter of fact,many potential customers ②作为一名老师，我尽最大努力鼓励我的学生们 are waiting for a fall in prices before buying a house. 发挥他们的最大潜力。 事实上，许多潜在客户都在等待房价下跌后再出手。 As a teacher,I try my best to encourage my 【练透】单句语法填空 students to DIn my opinion,he has the potential 3 warning n.警告；警示；先兆 warn vt.&.i.警告；提醒；告诫 【练透】单句语法填空 warn sb of sth警告某人某事 ①P\lease give us a (warn)of any changes in warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事 advance so that we can make further arrangements. 【写美】完成句子 【佳句】The government have issued a warning ②我警告他不要沉迷于电脑游戏，然而，他没有 that the fish may not be fit to eat. 采纳我的建议。 政府已经发出警告，鱼可能不适合食用。 and nevertheless,he didn't adopt my suggestion. 4 relevant adj.有关的：有意义的 (1)be relevant to与…有关 关系的。 (2)relevance n,关联；切题 【写美】一句多译 have (no)relevance to 和…（无）有关 将会有各种各样的文化活动，包括与中国文化相 (3)relevantly adv,有关地：相关地 关的讲座。 (4)irrelevant adj.无关的 -There will be a wide variety of cultural activities 【佳句】Colour and sex are hardly relevant when including lectures that .(adj.) appointing somebody to a job. -There will be a wide variety of cultural activities 肤色和性别对于任命某人担任某职位来说是没有 including lectures that .(n.） 5 catch fire着火 make fire生火 昨天有一个楼层着火了，消防队员花了几个小时 set..on fire放火烧… 才把火扑灭。 play with fire玩火 【写美】完成句子 put out fire灭火 ①警察认为有人故意放火烧了工厂。 on fire着火 Police believed that someone go through fire and water赴汤蹈火 on purpose. 【佳句】One of the floors had caught fire yesterday and ②用火柴生火花了我们很长时间。 it took firefighters several hours to put out the fire. It took us a long time with matches. ·29·