Unit 7 PeriodFourLesson2&Lesson3LanguagePoints（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（北师大版2024）

Period Four　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3—Language Points Ⅰ.重点单词 1． female adj.女(性)的 2． male adj.男(性)的 3． emotion n．情感 4． master vt.掌握，精通n.大师；主人 5． refer vi.提到；谈到 6． pattern n．图案；花样；式样 7． otherwise adv.否则；要不然 8． complex adj.复杂的 9． aspect n．方面 10． genius n．天才 11． minor adj.(音乐)小调的；小的；不很重要的 12． struggle n．奋斗 vi.奋斗，拼搏 13． proceed vi.继续；进行 14． backstage adj.后台的；(在)幕后(的) 15． tense adj.紧张的；焦虑不安的 16． charge n．主管；负责 17． signal vt.标志着；预示 n．标识 18． broad adj.宽阔的；广博的 19． compose vt.作(曲)；构成；写作→ composer n．作曲家 20． respond vi.& vt.回应；回复→ response n．回应；回复 21． conductor n．指挥→ conduct vt.指挥 22． hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇→ hesitation n．犹豫；踌躇 23． joyous adj.欢乐的，令人愉快的→ joy n．高兴，愉快，乐事 掌握规律　巧记单词 词缀助记派生词 1．名词后缀：-er，-or，-tion compose(vt.)→composer(n.) conduct(v.)→conductor(n.) hesitate(vi.)→hesitation(n.) 2．形容词后缀：-ous joy(n.)→joyous(adj.) 合成词一族 back＋stage→backstage Ⅱ.核心短语 1． refer to 提到 2．　in a…way　 用一种……的方式 3． be regarded as 被认为；被看作 4．　not hesitate to do sth　 毫不犹豫做某事；尽管做某事 5． take charge of 负责 6． give up 放弃 7． in the end 最后，终于 8． at the bottom of 在……的底部 9． for the first time 第一次 10． after all 毕竟 Ⅲ.经典句式 1．because引导表语从句 This is because in the early days, Beijing Opera was usually performed on open-air stages.这是因为，早年间，京剧通常是在露天舞台上演出的。 2．what引导同位语从句 I had no idea what she was doing . 我不知道她在做什么。 3．过去分词短语作状语 Inspired by his struggles with deafness , the composer produced some amazing pieces… 这位作曲家在与失聪抗争中受到启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品…… 4．独立主格结构 But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score . 但贝多芬还埋头于乐谱里继续指挥。 5．not until 的强调句型 It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.直到歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔拉着他的手臂转向观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响乐取得了成功。 (教材P105)I think you're referring to the fact that performers often sing with very high voices.我认为你指的是表演者经常用很高的声音演唱的事实。 refer vi.提到；谈到 ①refer to提到，说起；有关；指的是； 查阅；参考；提交 ②referencen.提及；谈到；参考 in/with reference to关于 [一词多义]——写出句中refer to的汉语意思 (1)She referred to the exhibition several times during the speech. 提到 (2)These notes refer to the case of a murderer. 有关 (3)You can refer to the figures while writing the article. 参考 (4)When I spoke of the journalist, I wasn't referring to her daughter. 指的是 (5)The title is apparently a reference (refer) to the performer's brother. 标题很明显地提到了表演者的哥哥。 (6)In reference to your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each.关于你询问的价格，那部电影的票价是每张35元。 [句式升级] (7)The man who was referred to in the report was from a developed country. →The man referred to in the report was from a developed country.(用非谓语动词改写) (教材P105)Otherwise, it would have been difficult to attract the audience's attention. 否则，就很难吸引观众的注意力。 otherwise adv.否则，要不然；除此以外；以另外方式 conj.否则，要不然 [一词多义]——写出句中otherwise的词性和汉语意思 (1)I'm lucky that I like the atmosphere, otherwise I'd go mad.　conj.否则　 (2)My parents lent me the money.Otherwise, I couldn't have afforded the trip.　adv.否则　 (3)There was some music playing upstairs.Otherwise the house was silent.　adv.除此以外　 (4)I'm afraid the manager cannot see you now as he is otherwise occupied.　adv.以另外方式　 otherwise常用于虚拟语气中。 however adv.然而 therefore adv.因此，所以 moreover/furthermore adv.而且 [选词填空]——otherwise/however/therefore/moreover (5)Note down the figure； otherwise you'll forget it. (6)She felt ill.She went to work, however , and tried to concentrate. (7)We do not have enough money. Therefore we cannot afford to buy the new piano. (8)It's getting late. Moreover , I have something important to do. (教材P14)…how he created Symphony No.9 in D minor and how its first show went. ……D小调第九交响曲的创作过程以及这部交响曲首演的故事。 minor adj.(音乐)小调的；小的；不很重要的 ①minority n．少数民族；少数 be in a/the minority 占少数；成为少数派 a/the minority of 少数的…… ②majority n．大多数 ③major adj.较大的；主要的 vi.主修(专业) major in 主修…… (1)Father thought it was a minor mistake, while Mother thought it was a major one. 父亲认为那只是个较小的失误，而母亲却认为那是个大错。 (2)Only a minority of people support these new laws put forward last week. 只有少数人支持这些上周提出的新法令。 (3)Compared with other classes, boys are very much in a/the minority at the dance class. 与其他的班相比，舞蹈班里男生极少。 (教材P14)Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera！这位作曲家在与失聪抗争中受到启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九部交响曲、五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧！ struggle n．奋斗 vi.奋斗，拼搏 ①It is a struggle for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是件难事。 ②struggle with/against与……作斗争 struggle for为……而斗争/奋斗 struggle to do sth努力去做某事；挣扎着做某事 struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 (1)After struggling for quite a while, I made a difficult decision—leaving my job and studying my design course full time. 经过一段时间的挣扎，我作出了一个艰难的决定——辞职，全日制学习我的设计课程。 (2) It was a struggle for him to make his wife understand and admire what he had done.对他来说，让妻子理解他并欣赏他做的事是件难事。 (3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ改编)She would have struggled with/against extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help. 如果没有贝利的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。 (4)They have struggled for a peaceful world for many years. 他们为了一个和平的世界而奋斗了很多年。 (5)Hearing this news, the sad woman soon struggled to her feet.听到这个消息，这个悲伤的女人立马挣扎着站起来。 (教材P14)Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.贝多芬努力想象人们第一次听到它时会有什么反应。 respond vi.& vt.回应；回复；作出反应 ①respond to对……作出回应或反应 ②responsen.回答，答复；反应 in response to响应；答复 make (a) response to回答，对……作出回应 (1)With the help of his teammate, the operator responded immediately to the accident. 在队友的帮助下，操作员对事故立刻作出了回应。 (2)This is done mainly to increase productivity, in response to the challenge of foreign competition. 这样做的目的主要是提高生产率，以应付国际竞争的挑战。 (3)She responded with a “Thank you” in response to the stranger's kindness.(respond) 作为对陌生人好意的回应，她说了句“谢谢”。 (教材P15)The audience did not hesitate to applaud loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years. 当这位著名的作曲家12年来第一次走上舞台时，观众们毫不犹豫地热烈鼓掌。 hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇 ①hesitate about/over/at (doing)… 对(做)……感到犹豫 hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事，不愿做某事 ②hesitation n．犹豫；踌躇 without hesitation 毫不犹豫 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 (1)He hesitated for a long time before he gave up this plan. 在放弃这个计划之前，他犹豫了很久。 (2)A few students hesitated to start (start)．They waited to see what the rest of the class would perform.几个学生犹豫着要不要开始，他们等着看其他同学怎么做。 (3)The audience hesitated about/over/at the choice between the two bands.听众对到底选择这两个乐队中的哪一个犹豫不决。 (4)He jumped into the river to save the drowning child without hesitation (hesitate)． 他毫不犹豫地跳进河里去救那个溺水的孩子。 [一句多译] (5)他毫不犹豫地接受了邀请。 ①He had no hesitation in accepting the invitation.(hesitation) ②He didn't hesitate to accept the invitation.(hesitate) (教材P15)The theatre's musical director, Michael Umlauf, joined him and together the two men took charge of the orchestra. 剧院的音乐指挥迈克尔·奥姆洛夫也走上台和他一起指挥乐队。 charge n.主管；负责；费用，价钱；指控 vt.& vi.收费；控诉 [一词多义]——写出句中charge的词性和汉语意思 (1)How much do you charge a drug like this？　vt.收费　 (2)He was charged with selling drugs last week.　vt.指控　 (3)I'd like to speak to the person in charge.　n．主管，负责　 (4)With new applicants, we offer a one-time brief free of charge phone consultation with our experts.　n．费用，价钱　 (5)The girl was arrested on the spot on the charge of theft.　n．指控　 ①in charge of 主管；负责；掌管 in the charge of 在……的掌管下；由……管理 take charge of 负责；掌管；接管 free of charge 免费 ②charge sb with sth/doing sth 控告某人犯某罪；指责某人做某事 charge (sb)…for 就……(向某人) 索取……费用 (6)Who do you think will take charge of this company？你认为谁会掌管这家公司？ (7)He charged me 50 yuan for repairing the carriage. 修理马车他向我要了50元。 [一句多译] (8)这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。 ①Miss Green is in charge of the company. ②The company is in the charge of Miss Green. (教材P15)As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats. 最后，交响乐在欢乐的音符中结束，观众都跳了起来，鼓掌、欢呼，挥舞着他们的帽子。 signal vt.标志着；预示 n．标识；信号 signal to sb 向某人发信号 signal sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 (1)This was a signal for him to take charge of the company. 这是一个让他掌管公司的信号。 (2)The girl signalled that she was about to turn right. 女孩打信号灯示意她要向右转。 (3)When time is up, the guard signalled to us without hesitation. 时间到了，向导毫不犹豫地向我们发出了信号。 (4)The policeman signalled the driver to cross (cross) the road. 警察示意这位司机过马路。 (教材P15)The one person in the room who didn't hear the symphony—and never would—was the very man who composed it. 剧院里唯一没有听到并且永远也不会听到这部交响乐的那个人竟然是创作者。 compose vt.作曲；创作；写作；组成 ②composer n．作曲家；创作者 composition n．作品；作文；成分 (1)She is an excellent composer and pianist. 她是一位杰出的作曲家和钢琴家。 [句型转换] (2)This medical team is made up of two doctors and four nurses. →This medical team consists of two doctors and four nurses. →This medical team is composed of two doctors and four nurses. →Two doctors and four nurses make up this medical team. (教材P105)I wish I knew more about them. 但愿我对它们了解得多一些。 句型：wish意为“但愿”，后接虚拟语气句 ①表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)； ②表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时； ③表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句中的谓语动词用would/could＋动词原形。 (1)I wish I had enough time to prepare for the performance next week. 但愿我有足够的时间准备下周的表演。 (2)My little sister is crying now.I wish I 　hadn't told　(tell) her the horror.我妹妹正在哭，我宁愿没有告诉她那件令人惊恐的事。 (3)I wish you would/could show (show) more respect to your parents. 我希望你对你父母更尊敬些。 (教材P14)Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera！这位作曲家在与失聪抗争中受到启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九部交响曲、五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧！ 句型：过去分词短语作状语 ①本句中的Inspired by his struggles with deafness是过去分词短语作状语。 ②过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式等。 (1)Greatly interested, I asked how he performed these new works.因为非常感兴趣，我问他是如何演奏这些新作的。 (2) Selected (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 此次展览精选自世界各地的藏品，是他四十多年来首次举办的大型作品展览。 (3)The scientist came in, followed (follow) by her assistant.那位科学家进来了，后面跟着她的助手。 (4) Seen (see) from the top of the hill, the park looks more mysterious. 从山顶往下看，这座公园看起来更神秘。 [句式升级] (5)As the boy was blamed by his teacher, he was in low spirits these days. → Blamed by his teacher , the boy was in low spirits these days.(用非谓语动词改写) (教材P15)But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score. 但贝多芬还埋头于乐谱里继续指挥。 句型：独立主格结构 ①本句中的his head buried in the score是独立主格结构。 ②独立主格结构相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。独立主格由“名词/代词＋介词短语/副词/形容词(短语)/名词/非谓语动词等”构成，其中前面的名词或代词在意义上为后面结构的逻辑主语。 (1)More time given, we should have done it much better. 如果给更多的时间，我们会做得更好。 (2)It being (be) a fine day, the children went to the park.由于天气很好，孩子们去了公园。 (3)The little girl entered the classroom, her face red with cold . 小女孩走进教室，脸冻红了。 (4)The work finished (finish), they left the office and went home joyously. 工作做完了，他们离开办公室，高兴地回家了。 [句型转换] (5)After all the emails had been answered, the girl turned off the computer. → All the emails answered , the girl turned off the computer. 一、构词法的分类 1．派生：即把词根加上前缀或后缀，得出一个新的单词。 rich adj.富有的→enrich v．丰富 home n．家→homeless adj.无家可归的 2．转换：即同一单词具有多种词性。 back n．背→back v．支持 slow adj.慢的→slow v．减慢 water n．水→water v．给……浇水 You can use the water in the ditch to water the flowers.你可以用沟里的水浇花。 3．合成：即由两个单词合成一个单词。 blackboard n．黑板 hand-made adj.手工制作的 二、常见派生词缀 1．名词后缀 (1)动词＋-ion/-tion/-sion→名词(表示动作或动作过程) correct v．改正；纠正→correction n．改正 celebrate v．庆祝→celebration n．庆祝；庆祝会 conclude v．推断；结束→conclusion n．结论；结束 (2)动词＋-er/-or→名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人) drive v．驾驶；驱赶→driver n．司机；驾驶员 gather v．聚集；采集→gatherer n．收集者；采集者 conduct v．指挥；管理→conductor n．指挥；售票员 (3)动词＋-ment→名词 punish v．惩罚→punishment n．惩罚 (4)动词/形容词＋-th→名词 warm adj.温暖的→warmth n．温暖 grow v．生长→growth n．生长 (5)形容词＋-y→名词 difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难 honest adj.诚实的→honesty n．诚实 (6)形容词＋-ness→名词 kind adj.善良的→kindness n．善良 (7)动词＋-ance→名词 annoy vt.使烦恼→annoyance n．生气；烦恼 (8)-ship结尾的名词(表示身份；关系；资格) member n．成员；会员→membership n．会员资格 friend n．朋友→friendship n．友谊 (9)-ing结尾的名词 garden n．花园→gardening n．园艺 greet v．打招呼；问候→greeting n．问候 2．形容词、副词后缀 (1)副词后缀 形容词＋-ly→副词 careful adj.仔细的→carefully adv.仔细地 (2)常见形容词后缀 ①名词＋-al→形容词(表示“有……属性”“与……有关”) agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的 ②动词＋-ive→形容词 decide v．决定；下决心→decisive adj.决定性的；关键的 ③动词＋-able→形容词(表示“能够”“适于”“值得”) change v．变化；兑换→changeable adj.易变的；变化无常的 ④名词＋-ful→形容词 care n．小心；关心→careful adj.小心的；仔细的 ⑤名词＋-less→形容词(意思与原名词相反) care n．小心；关心→careless adj.粗心的 ⑥名词＋-ly→形容词 friend n．朋友→friendly adj.友好的 ⑦名词＋-y→形容词 dirt n．污物；尘土→dirty adj.脏的 ⑧名词＋-ous→形容词 danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的 (3)复合形容词的构成 ①形容词＋-ing分词　easy-going随和的 ②形容词＋名词＋-ed kind-hearted善良的；好心的 ③名词＋-ed分词　water-covered被水覆盖的 ④副词＋-ed分词　well-written写得好的 ⑤数词＋名词＋-ed　three-legged三条腿的 3．动词词缀 (1)前缀en-＋形容词→动词 enrich v．丰富 enlarge v．变大；增大；扩大 (2)形容词＋-en→动词 shorten v．缩短 widen v．加宽 (3)-fy结尾的动词 simplify v．简化 classify v．归类 (4)-ize结尾的动词 realize v．认识到 popularize v．普及 4．否定词缀 (1)表示否定意义的前缀 ①un-不，非 unable不能够；unlucky不幸的 ②dis-不，非 dishonest不诚实的；discontinuous不连贯的 ③in-不，非 inactive不活跃的；incorrect不正确的 ④im-不，非 impatient不耐烦的；impossible不可能的 ⑤ir-不，非 irregular不规则的；irresponsible不负责任的 ⑥il-不，非 illogical不合逻辑的；illegal非法的 ⑦non-不，非 non-existent不存在的；non-stop直达的；连续不断的 ⑧mis-错误 mislead误导；misunderstand误解 ⑨dis-＋动词(意义相反) dislike不喜欢；disagree不同意 ⑩un-＋动词(意义相反) uncover揭开；undress脱衣服 (2)表示否定意义的后缀：名词＋-less→否定意义的形容词 use n．用处→useless adj.无用的 hope n．希望→hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的 help n．帮助→helpless adj.无助的 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Facing such a complex situation, she didn't know what to do. 2．It is polite for us to respond to an email as soon as possible. 3．He found that it was difficult to master a foreign language, though he was talented. 4．Anybody, young or old, male or female , has their weaknesses and strengths. 5．The book aims to cover all aspects (方面) of city life. 6．There is a wide variety of patterns (式样) to choose from. 7．As a matter of fact, depression is an extremely negative emotion (情感)． 8．He began performing (表演) in the early fifties, singing and playing the guitar. 9．As a kindergarten teacher, she has made their childhood so joyous (欢乐的) and impressive. 10．I hope you will study hard and master as much knowledge as possible; otherwise (否则) you'll live a hard life. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．We waved to him but there was no response (respond)． 2．Do you know he charged me five yuan for a masterpiece? 3．The woman made a commitment not to refer to this matter again. 4．The conductor (conduct) of the performance is a young foreign girl. 5．After many failures, he came to this city, struggling (struggle) alone. 6． Being (be) poor, many children of the mountain areas can't go to school. 7．If you get into trouble, please don't hesitate to inform (inform) me at once. 8．The young man thought that he shouldn't be regarded as a hero for such a little thing. 9．How I wish I had been (be) able to say the rules without a mistake at that time! 10．Having struggles with/against his illness for years, he now understands how important being healthy is. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$