Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 现在完成时被动语态课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

现在完成时的被动语态 1. 什么是现在完成时？ 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）表示过去发生的动作或状态对现在仍有影响或结果，或者动作从过去持续到现在。它强调动作的完成性和与现在的联系。 2. 现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的基本结构是： have/has + 过去分词。 have 用于第一人称（I, we）、第二人称（you）和第三人称复数（they）。 has 用于第三人称单数（he, she, it）。 例句： I have finished my homework. （我已经完成了我的作业。） 分析：动作“完成作业”发生在过去，但对现在有影响，即作业已经完成。 She has lived in Beijing for 10 years. （她已经在北京住了10年。） 分析：动作“住在北京”从过去持续到现在，强调时间的延续性。 3. 常用于现在完成时的时间状语 现在完成时常与以下时间状语连用： already（已经） yet（还，已经） just（刚刚） ever（曾经） never（从未） so far（到目前为止） up to now（直到现在） recently（最近） lately（最近） for + 时间段（表示持续的时间） since + 时间点（表示从某个时间点开始） 例句： I have already seen that movie. （我已经看过那部电影了。） Have you finished your homework yet? （你完成作业了吗？） 4. 主动语态变被动语态的原则 将主动语态变为被动语态时，遵循以下原则： 将宾语变为主语。 2. 将主动语态的谓语动词变为“be + 过去分词”。 3. 将主语变为“by + 宾语”（如果需要强调动作的执行者）。 例句： 主动语态： The teacher has corrected the homework. （老师已经批改了作业。） 被动语态： The homework has been corrected by the teacher. （作业已经被老师批改了。） 5. 现在完成时的被动语态的结构 现在完成时的被动语态结构为：have/has + been + 过去分词。 例句：The book has been read by many students. （这本书已经被许多学生读过了。） 分析：动作“读”发生在过去，但对现在有影响，即书已经被读过。 The house has been cleaned. （房子已经被打扫了。） 分析：动作“打扫”发生在过去，但对现在有影响，即房子现在是干净的。 6. 现在完成时的被动语态的用法 现在完成时的被动语态用于强调动作的完成性和与现在的联系，通常用于以下情况： 1. 强调动作的完成性： The project has been completed. （项目已经完成了。） 2. 强调动作的结果： The window has been broken. （窗户已经被打破了。） 3. 强调动作的执行者（如果需要）： The letter has been written by John. （这封信已经被约翰写好了。） 练习 The homework ___B___ by the teacher. A. has corrected B. has been corrected C. corrected D. was corrected 2. The book __B____ by many students. A. has read B. has been read C. read D. was read 3. The house __B____ recently. has cleaned B. has been cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned 4. The letter __B____ by John. A. has written B. has been written C. wrote D. was written 5. The project ___B___ just. has completed B. has been completed C. completed D. was completed 6. The window __B____ by the storm. has broken B. has been broken C. broke D. was broken 7. The cake ___B___ by the children. has eaten B. has been eaten C. ate D. was eaten 8. The car __B____ by the mechanic. A. has repaired B. has been repaired C. repaired D. was repaired 9. The report __B____ by the manager. has reviewed B. has been reviewed C. reviewed D. was reviewed 10. The movie __B____ by many people. A. has watched B. has been watched C. watched D. was watched 11. The problem __B____ by the team. A. has solved B. has been solved C. solved D. was solved 12. The room __B____ by the cleaner. A. has cleaned B. has been cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned The homework ______ (correct) by the teacher. 2. The book ______ (read) by many students. 3. The house ______ (clean) recently. 4. The letter ______ (write) by John. 5. The project ______ (complete) just. many people. 6. The window ______ (break) by the storm. 7. The cake ______ (eat) by the children. 8. The car ______ (repair) by the mechanic. 9. The report ______ (review) by the manager. 10. The movie ______ (watch) by has been corrected 2. has been read 3. has been cleaned 4. has been written 5. has been completed 6. has been broken 7. has been eaten 8. has been repaired 9. has been reviewed 10. has been watched 答案 $$