专题22 宾语从句（清单+专练）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习知识清单

专题22宾语从句（清单+专练） 目录 ★知识点1 宾语从句的句法功能 2 ★知识点2 宾语从句的引导词 2 ★知识点3 宾语从句的语序 4 ★知识点4 宾语从句的时态 5 ★知识点5 宾语从句的注意事项 5 ★知识点6 直接引语和间接引语 6 ★知识点7 考点和题型 10 ★专项过关训练题 11 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。宾语从句的作用与简单句中宾语的作用基本一致，用于表示动作、行为的对象。宾语从句一般由“引导词 (不作主语)+主语+谓语(+其他)”构成。引导宾语从句的连接词有that、if/whether、what、who、where、why 和 how等。 ★知识点1 宾语从句的句法功能 用法 例句 用在及物动词后作宾语  He wanted to know when we would have a birthday party.. 他想知道我们什么时候举办生日聚会。 用在介词后作宾语，介词后常用whether、which、whom等引导宾语从句 I am not sure whether he will come. 我不确定他是否会来。 用在“be/feel +形容词”后作宾语  I'm so glad I tried the new ride. 我很高兴我尝试了新的骑乘项目。 易错警示： 用于“be/feel+形容词+宾语从句”的形容词 用于“be/feel+形容词+宾语从句”的形容词多为表示情感、感受的词汇，如happy、sad、sure、afraid、sorry、glad、proud、thankful 等。 She is afraid that her secret will be discovered. 她害怕她的秘密会被发现。 ★知识点2 宾语从句的引导词 引导词 用法 例句 that that无实际意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文体中可省略 He said (that) he could finish his work before supper. 他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。 whether/if 意为“是否”，在从句中不作任何成分，不可省略，一般情况下，两者可互换，口语中多用if You may wonder if/ whether sleep influence our moods. 我想知道睡眠状态是否会影响我们的情绪。 连接代词(what、which、who、whose、whom等)  在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾 语、定语等，不可省略  I'm not sure which skirt is more beautiful. 我不确定哪条裙子更漂亮。 引导宾语从句的连接副词主要when、where、why、how，在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略。 在从句中作状语，不可省略 Our leader asked Tom why she was late again. 我们的领导问汤姆她为什么又迟到了。 1.引导词that不能省略的情况 情况 例句 由that引导的宾语从句，that一般可以省略；但如果动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略 Mary said(that)the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it. 玛丽说那本书很有趣，所有的孩子都爱读。 He said (that) he would come and that he would help me. 他说（那个）他会来，他会帮助我。  that从句中又有其他从句时 He told us that,if we could all come to help out,the whole situation would be getting better. 他告诉我们，如果我们能够全都来帮忙，整个局势将会好转。 it作形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时 He thinks it important that we try to do some housework after school.他们认为放学后试着做一些家务是重要的。 当宾语从句的主语是this、that或被this、that修饰时 The teacher said that English word is wrong. 老师说这个英语单词错了。 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时 I will never tell anyone that you have ever been there. 我绝对不会告诉别人你曾经去过那儿。  当宾语从句前有插入语时 We hope,on the contrary,that he will stay at school with us. 恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在学校。  2.引导词只能用whether不能用if的情况 情况 例句 与or或not连用时 I don't know whether he will come home for the festival or not. 我不知道他是否将要回家过节。 (句中有whether ... or not连用，只能whether不能用if)   引导介词后的宾语从句时 I'm thinking of whether we will go to the park tomorrow. 我在想我们明天是否要去公园。 They are talking about whether he will win the game. 他们正在谈论他是否会赢得这场比赛。 (在介词about后只能用whether ,不能用if) 与不定式连用时 I don't know whether to attend the meeting.我不知道是否参加会议。 (因为后面跟着to...所以这里的whether不能替换为if) 在动词wonder、discuss、doubt、decide 等后引导宾语从句时 We'll discuss whether he needs an operation. 我们将讨论他是否需要手术。 (在discuss后，所以这里的whether不能替换为if) Time for Toronto to decide whether it wants to keep its artists. 多伦多是时候决定是否要留住它的艺术家了。 (在decide后，所以这里的whether不能替换为it) 宾语从句置于句首时 Whether it is true or not,I can't tell. 无论是否是真的，我都不能说。   在whether与if含义易混时 Please let me know if you want to join us.(×)请告诉我你是否想加入我们。 (这样就看成是宾语从句，if表示“是否”) 若翻译成:如果你想加入我们的话，请告诉我一声。(if引导的从句可看成是条件状语从句，if表示“如果”) 所以，为了避免引起歧义，此时最好用whether表示“是否”。 Please let me know whether you want to go.请让我知道你是否想去。 (如果换成if，则可能被误解为"如果想来，请告诉我，所以用whether而不用if) ★知识点 3 宾语从句的语序 在宾语从句中，主句无论是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一般都要用陈述语序。 情况 例句  在宾语从句中，从句须使用陈述语序，即按照“主语+谓语+其他”的顺序 Some people wonder if Susan will even go to work. 有些人怀疑苏珊是否还会去上班。 在宾语从句中， 疑问代词 what、which、who等作从句的主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序 The doctor wonders what illness this little boy has. 医生想知道这个小男孩生了什么病。  疑问词+to do I don't know how to improve my English reading level. 我不知道如何提升我的英语阅读水平。 ★知识点4 宾语从句的时态 用法 例句  当主句为现在时或将来的时态时(一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时),从句可以根据实际情况选择不同的时态 I know she lives here. 我知道她住在这里。 I know she lived here five years ago. 我知道她五年前住在这里。  当主句为过去时，(一般过去时、过去进行时等),从句一般使用相应的过去时态 She asked me if I had turned off the light. 她问我是否把灯关上了。 They said they were playing games at this time yesterday. 他们说昨天这个时候他们在玩游戏。 当从句描述的是客观事实、科学真理时从句须用一般现在时，时态不受主句时态的限制  The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。 Our teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 我们老师说光传播的速度比声音快。 助记口诀： 主句现在从随便，主句过去从也过，客观事实一般现。 易错警示： 句子“Could you please...?”中的could不是情态动词can的过去式，而是表达客气的请求。从句可根据句意选择恰当的时态。 ★知识点5 宾语从句的注意事项 一、宾语从句的否定前移 当主句同时满足以下3个条件时，宾语从句中的 not须转移到主句中： 1.主句的主语是第一人称I/we, 2.主句的谓语动词是表示“想、认为、观点、信念、推测”等意义的动词，如think、believe imagine、suppose、consider、expect等，若从句是否定意义，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上。例如： I don't suppose you will come to visit us at the end of this month.我料想本月底你不会来看望我们了。 I don't think it will rain tomorrow.我想明天就不会下雨了。 We don't expect our football team will win the World Cup.我们不指望我们的足球队能赢得世界杯。 I don't think she can speak Chinese.我认为她不会说中文。 知识拓展： ①若主句谓语动词为hope时，宾语从句不构成否定前移。如： I hope you don't stop learning new knowledge.我希望你不要停止学习新知识。 ②否定前移的句子翻译成汉语时，否定要后移。如： I don't think she can dance. 我认为她不会跳舞。 二、宾语从句的简化 简化方法 例句 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构 I hope that I can receive your e-mail. =I hope to receive your e-mail. 我希望能收到你的电子邮件。  当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember, forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构 Jenny wants to know where she can find a book about paper cutting. →Jenny wants to know where to find the Chinese books. 珍妮想知道在哪里可以找到语文书。 当tell、ask、show、teach等动词后面带双宾语，且从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the station? Could you tell me how to get to the station? 你能告诉我怎么去车站吗? 当主句的谓语动词是find,hear,see,watch等感官动词时，宾语从句可简化为“宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语常为不带to的动词不定式或v-ing We often see that Bob reads books in the library. =We often see Bob read books in the library 我们经常看到鲍勃在图书馆里看书。   可简化为名词(短语) I'm really sorry for what I said. =I'm really sorry for my words. 我对我说的话深感抱歉。 ★知识点6 直接引语和间接引语 在引用别人的原话时，被引用的句子称为直接引语。当用自己的话转述别人的话时，被转述的部分称为间接引语。例如： 直接引语(发言者):Tom said, “I like playing basketball.”汤姆说:“我喜欢打篮球。” 间接引语(传话者):Tom said he likes playing basketball.汤姆说他喜欢打篮球。 1.直接引语变间接引语的方法 直接引语变成间接引语时,间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。 直接引语 转换方法 例句 陈述句  在变为间接引语时,由连词that引导(在口语中that常省略)。主句中如果有say to somebody,通常变为tell somebody John said to me,“I have seen the movie. ” 约翰对我说：“我看过这部电影了。” →John told me that he had seen the movie. 约翰告诉我他看过这部电影。 一般疑问句 间接引语要用连词whether或if引导,把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序;主句中的谓语动词是said时,要改为asked The teacher said,“Will you be back today?” 老师说：“你今天会回来吗？” →The teacher asked (me) if/whether I would be back that day. 老师问（我）那天我是否会回来。 特殊疑问句 变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导,并把原来的疑问句语序改为陈述句语序 “How did you work it out?”she asked. “你是怎么解决的？”她问道。 →She asked how I had worked it out. 她问我是怎么解决这个问题的。 祈使句 直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时，常用动词不定式形式 “Don't make any noise.”he told us. “不要发出任何噪音。“他告诉我们。 →He told us not to make any noise. 他告诉我们不要制造任何噪音。 感叹句 变为间接宾语时，要在引述动词后直接加上what、how感叹词 My sister said,“What a nice garden it is!” 我姐姐说：“这是一个多么漂亮的花园啊！” →My sister said what a nice garden it was. 我姐姐说，这是一个多么漂亮的花园啊。 易错警示： 1.如果直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，变为间接引语时,第一个宾语从句前的that有时可省略，但第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。 2.“Would you like to...?”和“Would you please...?”表示的是请求，变为间接引语时，常用动词不定式形式。如: “Would you like to help me clean the room?”she asked me.“你愿意帮我打扫房间吗？”她问我。 →She asked me to help her clean the room.她请我帮她打扫房间。 2.直接引语变间接引语的五点变化 (1)时态的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往前推一个。具体方法如下： 直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 情态动词can,may 间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 could,might 例如: “She can dance well." he said.“她能跳得很好。”他说。 →He said that she could dance well.他说她能跳得很好。 易错警示： ①若直接引语为客观真理,则变为间接引语时时态不变。如: The teacher said,“The earth moves around the sun. ”老师说：“地球绕着太阳运动。” →The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳移动。 ②有时直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时时态可不变。如: He said,“He worked in Shanghai in 2005.”他说：“他2005年在北京工作。” →He said that he worked in Shanghai in 2005.他说他在2005年在北京工作。 (2)人称的变化： 将直接引语变化间接引语时，遵循”一主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的原则。 直接引语的代词 I 我 we 我们 you 你/你们 me 我 us 我们 间接引语的代词 he/she 他/她 they 他们 he/him/she/her/they/them/I 他/她/他们/我 him/her 他/她 them 他们 (3)时间状语的变化 直接引语变间接引语时,有些时间状语也要做相应的改变,具体变化可见下表: 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语 now 现在 then 那时,当时 yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天 today 今天 that day 那天 last week/month 上周/上个月 the week/month before 前一个周/前一个月 yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天 next week/month 下周/下个月 the following/next week/month 下个周/月 the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 两天前 this morning/week 今天早上/本周 that morning/week 那天早上/那周 the day after tomorrow 后天 in two days' time 两天后 this 这个 that 那个 these 这些 those 那些 here 这里 there 那里 bring 带来 take 带走 come 来 go 去 如:He said,"John left yesterday.他说，“约翰昨天离开了。 →He said that John had left the day before.他说约翰前一天就离开了。 易错警示： 以上变化有时应视情况而定,若在当时转述,now不必改为then;若在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等不必改为that day,the day before,the next day等。 (4)代词的变化 在直接引语变为间接引语时,有些代词也要作相应的变化,如指示代词this和these通常变为that和those。有时人称代词也要根据情况作适当调整。如: “I like this kind of bag.” he said to me.“我喜欢这种包。”他对我说。 →He told me that he liked that kind of bag.他告诉我他喜欢那种包。 若场所和地点不发生改变,this则不需要变为that。 (5)地点状语的变化 地点副词here在间接引语中通常要变为there。如: “I live here now.” he said.“我现在住在这里。”他说。 →He said that he lived there then.他说他当时就住在那里。 易错警示： 若在当地转述,here则不需要变为there。 (6)动词的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，有个别动词也可能需要改变，如come改为go,bring改为take等。如: Mary told me,“I'd prefer you to come to the party this Sunday. ” 玛丽对我说：“我更希望你这个星期天来参加这个聚会。” →Helen told me she would prefer me to go to the party this Sunday. 易错警示： 若地点和场所未发生改变，come和bring等则不需要改变。 ★知识点7 考点和题型 考点1 综合考查宾语从句语序、时态、引导词等 考查题型 单项选择 例题1（2025·四川泸州·一模）—Do you know ________? —We can try to produce less waste, reuse or recycle things. A．why can we live a green life B．how we can live a green life C．how can we live a green life D．why we can live a green life 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道我们怎样才能过绿色生活吗?——我们可以尝试减少浪费，重复使用或回考查宾语从句。根据“Do you know”及选项可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除less waste,reuse or recycle things."可知，此处是询问如何过绿色生活，用how引导宾语从句。故选B。 例题2 (2023北京中考)—Lily,can you tell me______during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure.We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A.what you will do B.what you did C.what will you do D.what did you do 【答案】B 【解析】分析句子结构并结合四个选项可知，设空处为宾语从句的一部分。根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序的原则可排除C项和D 项:回答中的动词 ate 和 watched都为动词的过去式，所以宾语从句应用一般过去时，故选B。 步骤一：掌握宾语从句的知识点，根据宾语从句应用陈述句语序， 排除疑问句语序的选项。 步骤二：根据语境确定宾语从句引导词，排除错误的选项。 步骤三：根据时间标志词或语境确定时态。 考点2 宾语从句的引导词 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、语篇填空 (2023四川成都中考)——Do you know the Dragon Boat Festival is this year? ——Sorry,I don't know the exact date. A.how B.why C.when 【答案】C 【解析】空前有谓语动词know,空后有 be动词is, 应用连接词连接两个部分。设空处在动词know后面，因此引导宾语从句。根据答语中的“I don't know the exact date”可知问的是日期，引导词应用when,故选C。 步骤一：判定空格处缺少的引导词 注意：句中有两个谓语时应用一个连接词连接。 步骤二：判定宾语从句 宾语从句常跟在动词、介词或“be/feel+形容词”后作宾语。 步骤三：选择引导词 理解题目的主句和宾语从句的句子含义。如果宾语从句的句意已经完整，就应该使用that；如果宾语从句的句意是不完整的，那么就需要使用连接代词、连接副词或 if/whether 等引导词。 ★专项过关训练题 题型一 单项选择 考点1 综合考查宾语从句语序、时态、引导词等 一、综合考查 1.（2024·北京东城·模拟预测)—Mary, could you tell me ______ the dictionary? —Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet. A．where did you buy B．where will you buy C．where you bought D．where you will buy 2.（2024·江苏扬州·三模）—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa. —He is so brave! I wonder ________. A．how long he has been to Africa B．whether he has gone to Africa before C．how many times he has been in Africa D．how soon he will return from Africa 3. (2023·天津·中考)—Do you remember__________ ? —Sure.On the evening of MayDay. A.how we got to the Jiefang Bridge B.how did we get to the Jiefang Bridge C.when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself D.when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself 4.（2024·安徽·模拟预测）The researchers of HUAWEI made an effort to describe ________ when their latest phone came out. A．whether 5G technology will change people’s life or not B．why 5G technology would improve the customers’ experience C．how soon would 5G technology be widely used around the world D．that 5G technology makes higher-quality video streaming (流媒体) 二、宾语从句的语序、宾语从句引导词 （一）that引导的宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （2024·山东青岛·一模）—What did Billy tell you when he met you just now? —________. A．That he bought a new bike. B．Where did he buy a new bike? C．When did he buy a new bike? D．How did he buy a new bike? 2 . （2024·四川雅安·三模）—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars? —I don’t think ________. A．how does it come true B．if it comes true C．why it will come true D．that it will come true （二）宾语从句的语序、if/whether引导宾语从句 1．（2024·江苏常州·三模）The problems of the environment worry everyone. Could you tell me ______? A．how soon will the problems be solved B．why Japan didn’t stop doing that C．how our future life will be like D．whether it may cause global warming 2．（2024·云南楚雄·二模）—What did Tina ask you about? —She asked me ________ after I finish reading it. A．when I could lend her the book B．when could I lend her the book C．if could I lend her the book D．if I could lend her the book （三）宾语从句的语序、what引导宾语从句 1．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________? —Sure. The new policy on consumer goods trade-in has been well-received by people. A．what’s the new policy in Anhui B．what the new policy in Anhui is C．what was the new policy in Anhui D．what the new policy in Anhui was 2.（2024·上海奉贤·一模）The old saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” tells us ______. A．where a friend is from B．what can we do to make friends C．how can we treat a friend D．what kind of friend we should have 3．（2024·江苏连云港·三模）—James, can you tell me ________? — Paul? I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet. A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes （四）who引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—Could you tell me ________, John? —Oh, she is the world’s first robot citizen, Sophia. A．what the tall girl is B．what is the tall girl C．who the tall girl is D．who is the tall girl. 2．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________. A．how should we treats others B．who we can learn from C．what did we say in public D．why we need teachers （五）which引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）—I’m new here. Could you tell me ________? —Certainly. NO. 20 Bus will take you there. A．which is the way to the park B．when the park opens C．how far is the park D．where is the park 2.（2024·天津·中考真题）— Could you tell me _________? — He likes the Science Museum best. A．when Kevin visited the museum B．which museum Kevin likes best C．when did Kevin visit the museum D．which museum does Kevin like best （六）宾语从句的语序、whose引导宾语从句 1.（2024·甘肃武威·二模）—Mary, I want to know _________.   —Deng Ziqi’s. She is very popular now. A．whose songs do you like best B．whose songs you like best C．which singer do you like best D．which singer you like best 2.（2023·江苏淮安·二模）—I’ve found a pencil case on the ground. Do you know ________? —Maybe it’s Jack’s. He is looking for it. A．who it is B．whose is it C．who is it D．whose it is （七）when引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—The 2024 Olympics will be held in France. Do you know ________? —Yes. The opening ceremony is on 26th July. A．when it will be held B．when will it be held C．which city will it be held in D．which city it will be held in 2．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—Sally, could you tell me ________? —Next Friday. A．where we will a school-leavers’ party B．where will we have a school-leavers’ party C．when we will have a school-leavers’ party D．when will we have a school-leavers’ party (八)where引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）—Paris Olympic Games will take place in July, 2024. The organizer has announced ________. —Oh, on the River Seine. At least 600,000 viewers can attend it. A．where will the opening ceremony be held B．where the opening ceremony will be held C．when viewers would attend the opening ceremony D．when viewers will attend the opening ceremony 2．（2024·江苏常州·二模）— Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? — Sure. Look at the label. It’s made in Zhejiang. A．whose that sweater is B．where the sweater is made C．what’s the sweater made of D．which sweater do you like best 3．（2024·北京·模拟预测）—Do you know ________? —In the school hall. There will be many interesting shows. A．when we will have the talent show B．when will we have the talent show C．where will we have the talent show D．where we will have the talent show 4. (2023·湖北黄冈·中考)—I want to know__________. —Maybe in the classroom. A.when will we buy them B.why they will like to go there C.where will you go to work D.where we will have the singing training （九）宾语从句的语序、how引导宾语从句 1．（2024·北京西城·三模）—Could you tell us ________? —About 400 kilometers. A．how far it is from Beijing to Guiyang B．how far is it from Beijing to Guiyang C．how long it takes to get to Guiyang D．how long does it take to get to Guiyang 2.（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）Students should know ________. A．what they can learn English well B．how they can learn English well C．what can they learn English well D．how can they learn English well 3.（2024·四川·三模）—Would you like to tell me ________? —Of course. Practice makes perfect. A．when can I learn English well B．why do you learn English well C．how I can learn English well D．what can I do to learn English well （十）why引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·北京大兴·一模）—Could you tell me ________? —She went there to do volunteer work. A．why did Miss Sun go to Xinjiang B．why Miss Sun went to Xinjiang C．when did Miss Sun go to Xinjiang D．when Miss Sun went to Xinjiang 2．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）—Do you know ________ the new national park? —Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people. A．why did China set up B．when did China set up C．why China set up D．when China set up 3．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）—Bob, can you tell me ________ the history club? —Well, I really like exploring something special in ancient times. A．why do you want to join B．why you want to join C．when you want to join D．when do you want to join （十一）连接副词wh-ever/however引导宾语从句 1.I don't think it's good for parents to give their children ____ they want. A．whatever B．however C．wherever D．whoever 2. —________ you need help,call me or send me an e-mail. ---Thank you very much. A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever 二、宾语从句的语序、时态 （一）主现从不限、宾语从句的语序、过去发生的动作/状态 1．（24-25九年级上·北京密云·期末）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Spring Festival last year? —Sure. We watched the Spring Festival Gala and made dumplings. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do （二）will/shall do结构、宾语从句的语序、what引导宾语从句、主现从不限 （24-25九年级上·北京·期末）—Linda, do you know ________ in English class tomorrow? —Sure! About a famous inventor. A．what did we discuss B．what we discussed C．what will we discuss D．what we will discuss （三）主现从不限、if/whether引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （24-25九年级上·江苏镇江·期末）It is said that we will have a 26-day winter holiday this year. I wonder ______. A．when you visited your grandparents B．that you will travel to more places C．how will you celebrate Lantern Festival D．if you have special plans for the extra time （四）主过从必过、if/whether引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）— What did Mr Wu say after class? — He asked me ________. A．how did I deal with the problem B．if I could finish the homework on time C．why was I late for school D．what I do for the yesterday’s project （五）主过从必过、宾语从句的语序 1．（23-24九年级上·河北邢台·期末）Nelson wanted to know ______. A．when the meeting will begin B．when will the meeting begin C．when the meeting would begin D．when would the meeting begin 2．（23-24九年级上·四川遂宁·期末）You just come back from Beijing. I wondered ________. A．how did you visit the city B．what place you have visited C．which hotel you stay in Beijing D．what you thought of the food there （六）客观真理仍用现、if/whether引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （2024·江苏·二模）—One of the 24 solar terms—Summer Solstice (夏至) is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what is the meaning of this solar term B．that it will fall on June 21st or 22nd this year C．whether it was the 10th solar term of the 24 solar terms D．if it’s the day with the highest noon sun height of the year （七）客观真理仍用现、宾语从句的语序 （2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Sorry, I don’t know. You can ask your teachers. A．if sound travelled faster than light B．how does fog come into being C．what the importance of the wetlands is D．why do fish sleep with their eyes open （八）一般现在时的被动语态、客观真理仍用现 （2024·四川成都·二模）In yesterday’s geography class, I learned that clouds ________ of drops of water. A．make B．are made C．were made 考点2 宾语从句的引导词 题型一 单项选择题 （一）that引导宾语从句 1．（2024·江苏·三模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause? A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films. B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday. C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon. D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 2．（2024·江苏南京·二模）“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________. A．why should we take care of the earth B．what we can do to improve our manners C．whether we are rude to other living things D．that it is important to protect the environment 3．（2023·江苏无锡·二模）The police did not arrest the surgeon because they never doubted ________ the case. A．that he had nothing to do with B．whether he had nothing to do with C．that he had anything to do with D．if he had anything to do with （二）if/whether引导宾语从句 1．（2025·四川成都·一模）My friend from Hangzhou wonder ________ people in Sichuan really like eating hotpot. A．if B．that C．what 2.（2024·江苏徐州·三模）Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up. I wonder ________ it is true. A．where B．when C．why D．whether （三）who引导宾语从句 （2024·福建·中考真题）—Do you know ________? —Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s. A．how the Shenzhou XVIII entered space B．when the Shenzhou XVIII entered space C．who entered space in the Shenzhou XVⅢ （四）which引导宾语从句 （2024·江苏南通·二模）—If I am curious about Haian’s local culture, could you tell me ________? —Haian Museum would be a wonderful place. A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is C．how I can go to Haian Museum D．if Haian Museum would be a wonderful place to visit （五）whose引导宾语从句 1．（23-24九年级上·江西萍乡·期末）There is a book named Harry Potter on the chair. I wonder ________ it is. A．what B．whose C．who D．whom 2．Could you please tell me 　　　　 shirt that is? A．who B．whom C．who’s D．whose （六）连接代词wh-ever引导宾语从句 1．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）My grandfather often tells me ________ I do in the future, I should try my best to do it well. A．wherever B．whatever C．whenever D．whoever 2．（22-23八年级下·吉林长春·期末）Aunt Huang usually watches ________ she wants on TV until late at night. A．whenever B．however C．wherever D．whatever 3．（23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期中）When you finish reading the book, just give it to Kate or Alice, or ________ is interested in it. A．wherever B．whenever C．whatever D．whoever 4．（22-23九年级上·福建福州·期中）There are many kinds of books in the library and you can choose ________ you like. A．however B．whenever C．whatever 5．— I'm not sure ________ there are living things on other planets or not. — Even scientists aren't sure about it. A．whether B．where C．why D．that （七）when引导宾语从句 （2024·四川成都·二模）—I wonder ________ the Giant Panda Fu Bao returned to China. —She arrived at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport on April 3rd. A．how B．when C．where （八）where引导宾语从句 （2024·四川成都·二模）The policeman asked the child ________ so that he could take him home. A．what he liked B．where he lived C．why he was here （九）how引导宾语从句 32．（2024·四川成都·三模）—Can you tell me ________? —Yes. Happiness is achieved through hard work in our lifelong journey. A．why happiness is important to us B．how we can find happiness C．who can help us achieve happiness （十）连接副词wh-ever/however引导宾语从句 1．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）David will do _________ his mother asks him. A．however B．whatever C．whoever 2．It is generally _________ to be wrong to give a child _________ he or she wants. A．consider; with B．considering; what C．considered; whatever 3．Most of the people in China enjoyed the cartoon Ne Zha, ________they are young or old. A．until B．whether C．however 题型二 完形填空 (2023·浙江宁波·中考真题节选)Influenced by my grandfather,my father also follows the value of “ I won’t”. He always provides the freshest food, which makes his restaurant very popular in town. Once a trader wanted to sell some cheap but smelly seafood to my father,he said “No!” and stopped the business . Now,my brother and I keep in mind 1 our grandfather and father taught us. Through ups and downs in life, we’ve come to deeply understand our family value behind this saying—to be truthful and honest. 1.A．how B．what C．when D．why 题型三 短文填空 （一） (2023河南中考节选) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 what work Hi, David, How are you doing? Do you remember we once talked about 1 jobs and careers (职业) we might do in the future ? I’m finding it very difficult to make up my mind. My parents tell me I’m too young to be expected to know about my future . They say I can choose whatever I want to do in the end if I keep working hard at school. I’m not sure if I agree with them.I feel as if I’m the only person in my class who hasn’t got a career in mind! It’s a big decision to make, but even so it’s much harder than I thought. （二） Many people find it difficult to love themselves.Do you have the same problem? If so, stop and think about 2 you can interact (互动) with yourself. First, learn to know yourself well.You should understand 3 you like and dislike and have a clear understanding of yourself.Besides, don't always worry about 4 you're perfect.Learn to praise your- self and pay more attention to what you are good at. ★拓展知识练习 （一）宾语从句的否定转移 1．（23-24九年级上·安徽宿州·期中）—Look at the boy with green hair. It’s cool. —But I don’t think students ________ to color their hair. A．should be not allowed B．shouldn’t be allowed C．should be allowed D．should allow 2．（2022·广西梧州·一模）I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________? A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I 3．（22-23九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）—Look at the boy with red hair. It’s cool! —But I don’t think students ________ to color their hair. A．shouldn’t be allowed to B．mustn’t be allowed C．should be allowed （二）宾语从句的简化 1．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it 2.The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________. A．who we need B．how to make friends C．what a friend is like D．where we should go 3．No one tells us ________, so we need your help. A．how we should do B．how to do it C．what should we do D．what to do it （三）直接引语的特点 1．How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence? A．Tom said: “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” B．Tom said “if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” C．Tom said:“ if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” D．Tom said, “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” 2．Which of the following sentences is correct? A．He cried, ran out of the office. B．Our teacher told us the earth moved around the sun. C．The pen is easily to write. D．“You are wanted on the phone,” she said. 3．How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence? A．Simon said “If it snows we'll make a snowman.” B．Simon said “if it snows, we'll make a snowman.” C．Simon said, if it snows, we'll make a snowman. D．Simon said, “If it snows, we'll make a snowman.” （四）间接引语的特点 1．My father said he _____________ for Shanghai the next day. A．was going to leave B．is going to leave C．left D．had left 2．—The earth goes round the sun. —What did the teacher say? I couldn’t hear him. —_____________________________. A．He says the earth goes round the sun. B．He said the earth goes round the sun. C．He said the earth went round the sun. （五）直接引语和间接引语的转换 1.— Could you tell me ______? — Yes. It’s next to the supermarket. A．where the post office is B．where was the post office C．where is the post office D．where the post office was 2．—He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” —He ________ very naughty. A．said his mother that the boy was B．said to his mother that the boy is C．told his mother that the boy was D．spoke to his mother that the boy was 3．He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked________. A．how am I getting along B．how are you getting along C．how I was getting along D．how was I getting along 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题22宾语从句（清单+专练） 目录 ★知识点1 宾语从句的句法功能 2 ★知识点2 宾语从句的引导词 2 ★知识点3 宾语从句的语序 4 ★知识点4 宾语从句的时态 5 ★知识点5 宾语从句的注意事项 5 ★知识点6 直接引语和间接引语 6 ★知识点7 考点和题型 10 ★专项过关训练题 11 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。宾语从句的作用与简单句中宾语的作用基本一致，用于表示动作、行为的对象。宾语从句一般由“引导词(不作主语) +主语+谓语(+其他)”构成。引导宾语从句的连接词有that、if/whether、what、who、where、why 和 how等。 ★知识点1 宾语从句的句法功能 用法 例句 用在及物动词后作宾语  He wanted to know when we would have a birthday party.. 他想知道我们什么时候举办生日聚会。 用在介词后作宾语，介词后常用whether、which、whom等引导宾语从句 I am not sure whether he will come. 我不确定他是否会来。 用在“be/feel + 形容词”后作宾语  I'm so glad I tried the new ride. 我很高兴我尝试了新的骑乘项目。 易错警示： 用于“be/feel+形容词+宾语从句”的形容词 用于“be/feel+形容词+宾语从句”的形容词多为表示情感、感受的词汇，如happy、sad、sure、afraid、sorry、glad、proud、thankful 等。 She is afraid that her secret will be discovered. 她害怕她的秘密会被发现。 ★知识点2 宾语从句的引导词 引导词 用法 例句 that that无实际意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文体中可省略 He said (that) he could finish his work before supper. 他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。 whether/if 意为“是否”，在从句中不作任何成分，不可省略，一般情况下，两者可互换，口语中多用if You may wonder if/ whether sleep influence our moods. 我想知道睡眠状态是否会影响我们的情绪。 连接代词(what、which、who、whose、whom等)  在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾 语、定语等，不可省略  I'm not sure which skirt is more beautiful. 我不确定哪条裙子更漂亮。 引导宾语从句的连接副词主要when、where、why、how，在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略。 在从句中作状语，不可省略 Our leader asked Tom why she was late again. 我们的领导问汤姆她为什么又迟到了。 1.引导词that不能省略的情况 情况 例句 由that引导的宾语从句，that一般可以省略；但如果动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略 Mary said(that)the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it. 玛丽说那本书很有趣，所有的孩子都爱读。 He said (that) he would come and that he would help me. 他说（那个）他会来，他会帮助我。  that从句中又有其他从句时 He told us that,if we could all come to help out,the whole situation would be getting better. 他告诉我们，如果我们能够全都来帮忙，整个局势将会好转。 it作形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时 He thinks it important that we try to do some housework after school.他们认为放学后试着做一些家务是重要的。 当宾语从句的主语是this、that或被this、that修饰时 The teacher said that English word is wrong. 老师说这个英语单词错了。 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时 I will never tell anyone that you have ever been there. 我绝对不会告诉别人你曾经去过那儿。  当宾语从句前有插入语时 We hope,on the contrary,that he will stay at school with us. 恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在学校。 2.引导词只能用whether不能用if的情况 情况 例句 与or或not连用时 I don't know whether he will come home for the festival or not. 我不知道他是否将要回家过节。 (句中有whether ... or not连用，只能whether不能用if) 引导介词后的宾语从句时 I'm thinking of whether we will go to the park tomorrow. 我在想我们明天是否要去公园。 They are talking about whether he will win the game. 他们正在谈论他是否会赢得这场比赛。 (在介词about后只能用whether ,不能用if) 与不定式连用时 I don't know whether to attend the meeting.我不知道是否参加会议。 (因为后面跟着to...所以这里的whether不能替换为if) 在动词wonder、discuss、doubt、decide等后引导宾语从句时 We'll discuss whether he needs an operation. 我们将讨论他是否需要手术。 (在discuss后，所以这里的whether不能替换为if) Time for Toronto to decide whether it wants to keep its artists. 多伦多是时候决定是否要留住它的艺术家了。 (在decide后，所以这里的whether不能替换为it) 宾语从句置于句首时 Whether it is true or not,I can't tell. 无论是否是真的，我都不能说。   在whether与if含义易混时 Please let me know if you want to join us.(×)请告诉我你是否想加入我们。 (这样就看成是宾语从句，if表示“是否”) 若翻译成:如果你想加入我们的话，请告诉我一声。(if引导的从句可看成是条件状语从句，if表示“如果”) 所以，为了避免引起歧义，此时最好用whether表示“是否”。 Please let me know whether you want to go.请让我知道你是否想去。 (如果换成if，则可能被误解为"如果想来，请告诉我，所以用whether而不用if) ★知识点 3 宾语从句的语序 在宾语从句中，主句无论是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一般都要用陈述语序。 情况 例句  在宾语从句中，从句须使用陈述语序，即按照“主语+谓语+其他”的顺序 Some people wonder if Susan will even go to work. 有些人怀疑苏珊是否还会去上班。 在宾语从句中， 疑问代词 what、which、who等作从句的主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序 The doctor wonders what illness this little boy has. 医生想知道这个小男孩生了什么病。   疑问词+to do I don't know how to improve my English reading level. 我不知道如何提升我的英语阅读水平。 ★知识点4 宾语从句的时态 用法 例句   当主句为现在时或将来的时态时(一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时),从句可以根据实际情况选择不同的时态 I know she lives here. 我知道她住在这里。 I know she lived here five years ago. 我知道她五年前住在这里。  当主句为过去时，(一般过去时、过去进行时等),从句一般使用相应的过去时态 She asked me if I had turned off the light. 她问我是否把灯关上了。 They said they were playing games at this time yesterday. 他们说昨天这个时候他们在玩游戏。 当从句描述的是客观事实、科学真理时从句须用一般现在时，时态不受主句时态的限制  The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。 Our teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 我们老师说光传播的速度比声音快。 助记口诀： 主句现在从随便，主句过去从也过，客观事实一般现。 易错警示： 句子“Could you please...?”中的could不是情态动词can的过去式，而是表达客气的请求。从句可根据句意选择恰当的时态。 ★知识点5 宾语从句的注意事项 一、宾语从句的否定前移 当主句同时满足以下3个条件时，宾语从句中的 not须转移到主句中： 1.主句的主语是第一人称I/we, 2.主句的谓语动词是表示“想、认为、观点、信念、推测”等意义的动词，如think、believe imagine、suppose、consider、expect等，若从句是否定意义，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上。例如： I don't suppose you will come to visit us at the end of this month.我料想本月底你不会来看望我们了。 I don't think it will rain tomorrow.我想明天就不会下雨了。 We don't expect our football team will win the World Cup.我们不指望我们的足球队能赢得世界杯。 I don't think she can speak Chinese.我认为她不会说中文。 知识拓展： ①若主句谓语动词为hope时，宾语从句不构成否定前移。如： I hope you don't stop learning new knowledge.我希望你不要停止学习新知识。 ②否定前移的句子翻译成汉语时，否定要后移。如： I don't think she can dance. 我认为她不会跳舞。 二、宾语从句的简化 简化方法 例句 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构 I hope that I can receive your e-mail. =I hope to receive your e-mail. 我希望能收到你的电子邮件。  当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember, forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构 Jenny wants to know where she can find a book about paper cutting. →Jenny wants to know where to find the Chinese books. 珍妮想知道在哪里可以找到语文书。 当tell、ask、show、teach等动词后面带双宾语，且从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the station? Could you tell me how to get to the station? 你能告诉我怎么去车站吗? 当主句的谓语动词是find,hear,see,watch等感官动词时，宾语从句可简化为“宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语常为不带to的动词不定式或v-ing We often see that Bob reads books in the library. =We often see Bob read books in the library 我们经常看到鲍勃在图书馆里看书。   可简化为名词(短语) I'm really sorry for what I said. =I'm really sorry for my words. 我对我说的话深感抱歉。 ★知识点6 直接引语和间接引语 在引用别人的原话时，被引用的句子称为直接引语。当用自己的话转述别人的话时，被转述的部分称为间接引语。例如： 直接引语(发言者):Tom said, “I like playing basketball.”汤姆说:“我喜欢打篮球。” 间接引语(传话者):Tom said he likes playing basketball.汤姆说他喜欢打篮球。 1.直接引语变间接引语的方法 直接引语变成间接引语时,间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。 直接引语 转换方法 例句 陈述句  在变为间接引语时,由连词that引导(在口语中that常省略)。主句中如果有say to somebody,通常变为tell somebody John said to me,“I have seen the movie. ” 约翰对我说：“我看过这部电影了。” →John told me that he had seen the movie. 约翰告诉我他看过这部电影。 一般疑问句 间接引语要用连词whether或if引导,把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序;主句中的谓语动词是said时,要改为asked The teacher said,“Will you be back today?” 老师说：“你今天会回来吗？” →The teacher asked (me) if/whether I would be back that day. 老师问（我）那天我是否会回来。 特殊疑问句 变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导,并把原来的疑问句语序改为陈述句语序 “How did you work it out?”she asked. “你是怎么解决的？”她问道。 →She asked how I had worked it out. 她问我是怎么解决这个问题的。 祈使句 直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时，常用动词不定式形式 “Don't make any noise.”he told us. “不要发出任何噪音。“他告诉我们。 →He told us not to make any noise. 他告诉我们不要制造任何噪音。 感叹句 变为间接宾语时，要在引述动词后直接加上what、how感叹词 My sister said,“What a nice garden it is!” 我姐姐说：“这是一个多么漂亮的花园啊！” →My sister said what a nice garden it was. 我姐姐说，这是一个多么漂亮的花园啊。 易错警示： 1.如果直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，变为间接引语时,第一个宾语从句前的that有时可省略，但第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。 2.“Would you like to...?”和“Would you please...?”表示的是请求，变为间接引语时，常用动词不定式形式。如: “Would you like to help me clean the room?”she asked me.“你愿意帮我打扫房间吗？””她问我。 →She asked me to help her clean the room.她请我帮她打扫房间。 2.直接引语变间接引语的五点变化 (1)时态的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往前推一个。具体方法如下： 直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 情态动词can,may 间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 could,might 例如: “She can dance well." he said.“她能跳得很好。”他说。 →He said that she could dance well.他说她能跳得很好。 易错警示： ①若直接引语为客观真理,则变为间接引语时时态不变。如: The teacher said,“The earth moves around the sun. ”老师说：“地球绕着太阳运动。” →The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳移动。 ②有时直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时时态可不变。如: He said,“He worked in Shanghai in 2005.”他说：“他2005年在北京工作。” →He said that he worked in Shanghai in 2005.他说他在2005年在北京工作。 (2)人称的变化： 将直接引语变化间接引语时，遵循“一主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的原则。 直接引语的代词 I 我 we 我们 you 你/你们 me 我 us 我们 间接引语的代词 he/she 他/她 they 他们 he/him/she/her/they/them/I 他/她/他们/我 him/her 他/她 them 他们 (3)时间状语的变化 直接引语变间接引语时,有些时间状语也要做相应的改变,具体变化可见下表: 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语 now 现在 then 那时,当时 yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天 today 今天 that day 那天 last week/month 上周/上个月 the week/month before 前一个周/前一个月 yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天 next week/month 下周/下个月 the following/next week/month 下个周/月 the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 两天前 this morning/week 今天早上/本周 that morning/week 那天早上/那周 the day after tomorrow 后天 in two days' time 两天后 this 这个 that 那个 these 这些 those 那些 here 这里 there 那里 bring 带来 take 带走 come 来 go 去 如:He said,"John left yesterday.他说，“约翰昨天离开了。 →He said that John had left the day before.他说约翰前一天就离开了。 易错警示： 以上变化有时应视情况而定,若在当时转述,now不必改为then;若在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等不必改为that day,the day before,the next day等。 (4)代词的变化 在直接引语变为间接引语时,有些代词也要作相应的变化,如指示代词this和these通常变为that和those。有时人称代词也要根据情况作适当调整。如: “I like this kind of bag.” he said to me.“我喜欢这种包。”他对我说。 →He told me that he liked that kind of bag.他告诉我他喜欢那种包。 若场所和地点不发生改变,this则不需要变为that。 (5)地点状语的变化 地点副词here在间接引语中通常要变为there。如: “I live here now.” he said.“我现在住在这里。”他说。 →He said that he lived there then.他说他当时就住在那里。 易错警示： 若在当地转述,here则不需要变为there。 (6)动词的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，有个别动词也可能需要改变，如come改为go,bring改为take等。如: Mary told me,“I'd prefer you to come to the party this Sunday. ” 玛丽对我说：“我更希望你这个星期天来参加这个聚会。” →Helen told me she would prefer me to go to the party this Sunday. 易错警示： 若地点和场所未发生改变，come和bring等则不需要改变。 ★知识点7 考点和题型 考点1 综合考查宾语从句语序、时态、引导词等 考查题型 单项选择 例题1（2025·四川泸州·一模）—Do you know ________? —We can try to produce less waste, reuse or recycle things. A．why can we live a green life B．how we can live a green life C．how can we live a green life D．why we can live a green life 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道我们怎样才能过绿色生活吗?——我们可以尝试减少浪费，重复使用或回考查宾语从句。根据“Do you know”及选项可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除less waste,reuse or recycle things."可知，此处是询问如何过绿色生活，用how引导宾语从句。故选B。 例题2 (2023北京中考)—Lily,can you tell me______during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure.We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A.what you will do B.what you did C.what will you do D.what did you do 【答案】B 【解析】分析句子结构并结合四个选项可知，设空处为宾语从句的一部分。根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序的原则可排除C项和D 项:回答中的动词 ate 和 watched都为动词的过去式，所以宾语从句应用一般过去时，故选B。 步骤一：掌握宾语从句的知识点，根据宾语从句应用陈述句语序， 排除疑问句语序的选项。 步骤二：根据语境确定宾语从句引导词，排除错误的选项。 步骤三：根据时间标志词或语境确定时态。 考点2 宾语从句的引导词 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、语篇填空 (2023四川成都中考)——Do you know the Dragon Boat Festival is this year? ——Sorry,I don't know the exact date. A.how B.why C.when 【答案】C 【解析】空前有谓语动词know,空后有 be动词is, 应用连接词连接两个部分。设空处在动词know后面，因此引导宾语从句。根据答语中的“I don't know the exact date”可知问的是日期，引导词应用when,故选C。 步骤一：判定空格处缺少的引导词 注意：句中有两个谓语时应用一个连接词连接。 步骤二：判定宾语从句 宾语从句常跟在动词、介词或“be/feel+形容词”后作宾语。 步骤三：选择引导词 理解题目的主句和宾语从句的句子含义。如果宾语从句的句意已经完整，就应该使用that；如果宾语从句的句意是不完整的，那么就需要使用连接代词、连接副词或 if/whether 等引导词。 ★专项过关训练题 题型一 单项选择 考点1 综合考查宾语从句语序、时态、引导词等 一、综合考查 1.（2024·北京东城·模拟预测)—Mary, could you tell me ______ the dictionary? —Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet. A．where did you buy B．where will you buy C．where you bought D．where you will buy 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——玛丽，你能告诉我你在哪儿买的字典吗?——噢，可以。我在网上的商店买的。考查宾语从句。“could you tell me...”后跟宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”，选项A和B都是疑问语序，故排除A、B选项。根据答语“I bought it in a store on the Internet.”可知，动作发生在过去，宾语从句询问过去在哪里买的字典，时态要用一般过去时。故选C。 2.（2024·江苏扬州·三模）—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa. —He is so brave! I wonder ________. A．how long he has been to Africa B．whether he has gone to Africa before C．how many times he has been in Africa D．how soon he will return from Africa 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——米莉很担心她的哥哥，他加入了医疗队去了非洲。——他太勇敢了!我想知道他多久能从非洲回来。考查宾语从句。how long he has been to Africa表述有误，应用has been in表示“在某地待了多长时间”;whether he has gone before表述有误，用has been to,表示“是否去过某地”;how many times she has been in Africa表述有误，应用has been to,地";how soon he'll return from Africa他多久能从非洲回来。ABC表述错误。故选D。 3. (2023·天津·中考)—Do you remember__________ ? —Sure.On the evening of MayDay. A.how we got to the Jiefang Bridge B.how did we get to the Jiefang Bridge C.when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself D.when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself 【答案】C 【解析】分析句子结构并结合四个选项可知，设空处为宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故排除B项和D 项；再根据答句的“On the evening of May Day.”可知是询问时间，引导词应用when,故选C。 4.（2024·安徽·模拟预测）The researchers of HUAWEI made an effort to describe ________ when their latest phone came out. A．whether 5G technology will change people’s life or not B．why 5G technology would improve the customers’ experience C．how soon would 5G technology be widely used around the world D．that 5G technology makes higher-quality video streaming (流媒体) 【答案】B 【解析】句意:华为的研究人员在最新手机发布时努力描述为什么5G技术会改善客户的体验。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，排除选项C;又根据“made an effort”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时态，排除选项A和D，故选B。 二、宾语从句的语序、宾语从句引导词 （一）that引导的宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （2024·山东青岛·一模）—What did Billy tell you when he met you just now? —________. A．That he bought a new bike. B．Where did he buy a new bike? C．When did he buy a new bike? D．How did he buy a new bike? 【答案】A 【解析】句意:比利刚才见到你时对你说了什么?他买了一辆新自行车。考查宾语从句。答语省略了“He told me...”，此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，故选A。 2 . （2024·四川雅安·三模）—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars? —I don’t think ________. A．how does it come true B．if it comes true C．why it will come true D．that it will come true 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你相信人类可以生活在火星上吗?——我认为它不会实现。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序,排除A;根据“I don't think..."可知此处表示观点，后常跟that引导的宾语从句。故选D。 （二）宾语从句的语序、if/whether引导宾语从句 1．（2024·江苏常州·三模）The problems of the environment worry everyone. Could you tell me ______? A．how soon will the problems be solved B．why Japan didn’t stop doing that C．how our future life will be like D．whether it may cause global warming 【答案】D 【解析】句意：环境问题让每个人都担忧。你能告诉我是否它可能导致全球变暖吗？考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；根据“The problems of the environment worry everyone.”可知询问环境问题是否可能导致全球变暖。故选D。 2．（2024·云南楚雄·二模）—What did Tina ask you about? —She asked me ________ after I finish reading it. A．when I could lend her the book B．when could I lend her the book C．if could I lend her the book D．if I could lend her the book 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——蒂娜问你什么了？——她问我读完这本书之后是否可以把书借给她。考查宾语从句的语序。空处位于asked me后，是宾语从句。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”，选项D“if I could lend her the book”，连接词if表示“是否”，询问是否能借书，符合语境，且为陈述句语序，故选D。 （三）宾语从句的语序、what引导宾语从句 1．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________? —Sure. The new policy on consumer goods trade-in has been well-received by people. A．what’s the new policy in Anhui B．what the new policy in Anhui is C．what was the new policy in Anhui D．what the new policy in Anhui was 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我安徽最新的政策是什么？——当然。有关消费品交易的新政策已受到人们的好评。考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me...”可知，本句为宾语从句，需陈述句式，故排除选项A和C；再由“The new policy on consumer goods trade-in has been well-received by people”可知，问句应该是询问“新政策是什么”，而不是询问过去的事情。因此，时态应该用一般现在时，故选B。 2.（2024·上海奉贤·一模）The old saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” tells us ______. A．where a friend is from B．what can we do to make friends C．how can we treat a friend D．what kind of friend we should have 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“患难见真情”这句古老的谚语告诉我们应该拥有什么样的朋友。考查宾语从句。根据“The old saying ‘A friend in need is a friend indeed.’ tells us …”可知，句子为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除B和C；“A friend in need is a friend indeed”正是在告诉人们要拥有在自己有困难时能伸出援手、真心对待自己的那种朋友。故选D。 3．（2024·江苏连云港·三模）—James, can you tell me ________? — Paul? I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet. A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——詹姆斯，你能告诉我保罗是什么样的人吗？——保罗？我已经很多年没见到他了。他过去很害羞，很安静。考查宾语从句。根据“James, can you tell me…”可知，空处为宾语从句，从句语序应为陈述句语序，排除A和D；根据“He used to be shy and quiet.”可知，询问保罗是什么样的人，应用what...be like。故选B。 （四）who引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—Could you tell me ________, John? —Oh, she is the world’s first robot citizen, Sophia. A．what the tall girl is B．what is the tall girl C．who the tall girl is D．who is the tall girl. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——约翰，你能告诉我，那个高挑的女孩是谁吗？——哦，她是世界上的第一个机器人公民，索菲亚。考查who引导的宾语从句。what the tall girl is那个高挑的女孩是做什么的，陈述句语序；what is the tall girl那个高挑的女孩是做什么的，疑问句语序；who the tall girl is那个高挑的女孩是谁，陈述句语序；who is the tall girl那个高挑的女孩是谁，疑问句语序。根据“Could you tell me”可知后接宾语从句，从句采用陈述句语序，排除选项B和D；根据“she is the world’s first robot citizen, Sophia.”可知，询问的是那个高挑的女孩是谁，问身份用who提问。故选C。 2．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________. A．how should we treats others B．who we can learn from C．what did we say in public D．why we need teachers 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这句名言“三人行，必有我师”告诉我们，我们可以向谁学习。考查宾语从句。how should we treats others我们应该如何对待他人；who we can learn from我们可以向谁学习；what did we say in public我们在公共场合说了什么；why we need teachers为什么我们需要老师。根据“they may serve me as my teachers”可知，这句话强调的是我们可以向他人学习，故选B。 （五）which引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）—I’m new here. Could you tell me ________? —Certainly. NO. 20 Bus will take you there. A．which is the way to the park B．when the park opens C．how far is the park D．where is the park 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我是新来的。你能告诉我哪一个是去公园的路吗？——当然。20路公交将带你去那儿。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句应是陈述句语序，所以排除CD，由于“NO. 20 Bus will take you there.”可知“哪一个是去公园的路”符合语境。故选A。 2.（2024·天津·中考真题）— Could you tell me _________? — He likes the Science Museum best. A．when Kevin visited the museum B．which museum Kevin likes best C．when did Kevin visit the museum D．which museum does Kevin like best 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我凯文最喜欢哪个博物馆吗？——他最喜欢科学博物馆。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除CD；根据答语“He likes the Science Museum best.”可知，询问最喜欢哪个，故选B。 （六）宾语从句的语序、whose引导宾语从句 1.（2024·甘肃武威·二模）—Mary, I want to know _________.   —Deng Ziqi’s. She is very popular now. A．whose songs do you like best B．whose songs you like best C．which singer do you like best D．which singer you like best 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——玛丽，我想知道你最喜欢谁的歌。——邓紫棋的。她现在很受欢迎。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“Deng Ziqi’s”可知此处应询问喜欢谁的歌，用whose引导宾语从句。故选B。 2.（2023·江苏淮安·二模）—I’ve found a pencil case on the ground. Do you know ________? —Maybe it’s Jack’s. He is looking for it. A．who it is B．whose is it C．who is it D．whose it is 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我发现了地板上有一个铅笔盒。你知道它是谁的吗?——也许它是杰克的。他正考查whose引导的宾语从句。结合选项可知动词know后接宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序。排是谁的。根据答句“Maybe it's Jack's.”可知询问东西是谁的应用whose来提问，因此该句为whose引导的宾语从句，故选D。 （七）when引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—The 2024 Olympics will be held in France. Do you know ________? —Yes. The opening ceremony is on 26th July. A．when it will be held B．when will it be held C．which city will it be held in D．which city it will be held in 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——2024年奥运会将在法国举行。你知道什么时候举行吗？——是的。开幕式将于7月26日举行。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BC；根据“The opening ceremony is on 26th July.”可知，问开幕式的举行时间，应用when引导宾语从句，故选A。 2．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—Sally, could you tell me ________? —Next Friday. A．where we will a school-leavers’ party B．where will we have a school-leavers’ party C．when we will have a school-leavers’ party D．when will we have a school-leavers’ party 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——萨莉，你能告诉我我们什么时候举行毕业晚会吗？ ——下个星期五。考查宾语从句。根据“Sally, could you tell me…?”可知，句子为宾语从句，宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序，选项B和D为疑问语序，应排除；根据答语“Next Friday.”可知，此处是询问聚会的时间而不是地点，排除A。故选C。 (八)where引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）—Paris Olympic Games will take place in July, 2024. The organizer has announced ________. —Oh, on the River Seine. At least 600,000 viewers can attend it. A．where will the opening ceremony be held B．where the opening ceremony will be held C．when viewers would attend the opening ceremony D．when viewers will attend the opening ceremony 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——巴黎奥运会将于2024年7月举行。主办方已经宣布了举办开幕式的地点。——哦，在塞纳河上。那里至少能容纳60万名观众观看。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；根据“on the River Seine.”可知，说的是开幕式将在哪里举办，应用where引导宾语从句，故选B。 2．（2024·江苏常州·二模）— Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? — Sure. Look at the label. It’s made in Zhejiang. A．whose that sweater is B．where the sweater is made C．what’s the sweater made of D．which sweater do you like best 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我这件毛衣是哪里生产的吗？——可以。看标签。它是浙江产的。 考查宾语从句。根据“Excuse me, could you please tell me…”可知，本句后接宾语从句，从句采用陈述语序，故先排除C和D选项；根据答语“It’s made in Zhejiang.”可知，此处询问的是关于产地的问题，应用疑问词where来引导宾语从句，故选B。 3．（2024·北京·模拟预测）—Do you know ________? —In the school hall. There will be many interesting shows. A．when we will have the talent show B．when will we have the talent show C．where will we have the talent show D．where we will have the talent show 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你知道我们将在哪里举办才艺秀吗？——在学校礼堂。届时将会有很多有趣的表演。 考查宾语从句。根据“Do you know...?”可知，此处考查宾语从句，从句应用陈述句语序，排除BC；结合答语“In the school hall.”可知，此处询问地点，应用where引导该宾语从句。故选D。 4. (2023·湖北黄冈·中考)—I want to know__________. —Maybe in the classroom. A.when will we buy them B.why they will like to go there C.where will you go to work D.where we will have the singing training 【答案】D 【解析】分析句子结构并结合四个选项可知， 设空处为宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述句语序，排除 A、C 选项；根据答语“Maybe in the classroom.” 可知是询问地点，引导词应用where,排除B选项，故选D。 （九）宾语从句的语序、how引导宾语从句 1．（2024·北京西城·三模）—Could you tell us ________? —About 400 kilometers. A．how far it is from Beijing to Guiyang B．how far is it from Beijing to Guiyang C．how long it takes to get to Guiyang D．how long does it take to get to Guiyang 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我们从北京到贵阳有多远吗？——大约400公里。考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell us”及选项可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除B、D选项；结合“About 400 kilometers.”可知，此处是问距离，用how far引导宾语从句。故选A。 2.（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）Students should know ________. A．what they can learn English well B．how they can learn English well C．what can they learn English well D．how can they learn English well 【答案】B 【解析】句意：学生应该知道怎样才能学好英语。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述语序(主语+谓语),排除疑问语序的选项C和D。选项A表达错误。根据""Students should know…”可知，此处表达“学生应该知道怎样才能学好英语”。故选B。 3.（2024·四川·三模）—Would you like to tell me ________? —Of course. Practice makes perfect. A．when can I learn English well B．why do you learn English well C．how I can learn English well D．what can I do to learn English well 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你愿意告诉我怎样才能学好英语吗？——当然。熟能生巧。考查宾语从句的语序。根据“Would you like to tell me...?”和选项可知，此处考查宾语从句，宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，因此排除选项ABD。故选C。 （十）why引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 1．（2024·北京大兴·一模）—Could you tell me ________? —She went there to do volunteer work. A．why did Miss Sun go to Xinjiang B．why Miss Sun went to Xinjiang C．when did Miss Sun go to Xinjiang D．when Miss Sun went to Xinjiang 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我孙小姐为什么去新疆吗?  ——她去那里做志愿者工作。考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“疑问词+主语+谓语”，故排除A和C；由“She went there to do volunteer work.”可知，此处问的是原因，排除D。故选B。 2．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）—Do you know ________ the new national park? —Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people. A．why did China set up B．when did China set up C．why China set up D．when China set up 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你知道中国为什么要建立新的国家公园吗？——是的，我知道。为了保护野生动物和造福当地人民。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“To protect wildlife and benefit the local people.”可知此处询问原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选C。 3．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）—Bob, can you tell me ________ the history club? —Well, I really like exploring something special in ancient times. A．why do you want to join B．why you want to join C．when you want to join D．when do you want to join 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——鲍勃，你能告诉我你为什么想加入历史俱乐部吗？——嗯，我真的很喜欢探索古代的一些特别的东西。考查宾语从句。根据“can you tell me ... the history club”可知，句子是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除A、D选项；结合答语“I really like exploring something special in ancient times”可知，问句是问原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选B。 （十一）连接副词wh-ever/however引导宾语从句 1.I don't think it's good for parents to give their children ____ they want. A．whatever B．however C．wherever D．whoever 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我认为父母给孩子想要的-切并不好。考查连词。A. whatever无论什么，不管什么; B. however无论如何; C. wherever无论哪里; D. whoever无论是谁。此处连词引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，表示事物，应该用whatever, 故选A。 2. —________ you need help,call me or send me an e-mail. ---Thank you very much. A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever 【答案】C 【解析】句意: ——无论你何时需要帮助，给我打电话或者发电子邮件。——非常谢谢你。Whatever无论什么; B. However而然; C.Whenever无论何时。故选C。 二、宾语从句的语序、时态 （一）主现从不限、宾语从句的语序、过去发生的动作/状态 1．（24-25九年级上·北京密云·期末）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Spring Festival last year? —Sure. We watched the Spring Festival Gala and made dumplings. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——莉莉，你可以告诉我你在去年春节期间做了些什么吗？ ——当然可以。我们观看了春节联欢晚会并包了饺子。考查宾语从句。首先根据时间状语“last year”可知宾语从句须用一般过去时，因此排除选项A和C；其次宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除选项D。故选B。 （二）will/shall do结构、宾语从句的语序、what引导宾语从句、主现从不限 （24-25九年级上·北京·期末）—Linda, do you know ________ in English class tomorrow? —Sure! About a famous inventor. A．what did we discuss B．what we discussed C．what will we discuss D．what we will discuss 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——Linda，你知道明天的英语课我们将讨论什么吗？——当然！关于一个著名的发明家。 考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除选项A、C。根据“tomorrow”可知，宾语从句为一般将来时。故选D。 （三）主现从不限、if/whether引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （24-25九年级上·江苏镇江·期末）It is said that we will have a 26-day winter holiday this year. I wonder ______. A．when you visited your grandparents B．that you will travel to more places C．how will you celebrate Lantern Festival D．if you have special plans for the extra time 【答案】D 【解析】句意：据说今年我们会有26天的寒假。我想知道对于这段额外的时间你是否有特别的计划。考查宾语从句。根据“It is said that we will have a 26-day winter holiday this year. I wonder...”可知句子应为一般将来时，A选项中visited为过去时，排除A选项；wonder常接if/whether引导的宾语从句或特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，一般不直接跟that引导的从句，排除B选项；宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”，C选项为疑问语序，排除C选项；D选项if引导的宾语从句，符合wonder后接宾语从句的用法。故选D。 （四）主过从必过、if/whether引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）— What did Mr Wu say after class? — He asked me ________. A．how did I deal with the problem B．if I could finish the homework on time C．why was I late for school D．what I do for the yesterday’s project 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——吴老师课后说了什么？——他问我是否能按时完成作业。考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，同时主从句时态要一致，主句“He asked me”是一般过去时，从句也要用相应的过去时态，故选B。 （五）主过从必过、宾语从句的语序 1．（23-24九年级上·河北邢台·期末）Nelson wanted to know ______. A．when the meeting will begin B．when will the meeting begin C．when the meeting would begin D．when would the meeting begin 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Nelson想知道会议什么时候开始。考查宾语从句。根据“Nelson wanted to know”可知，后跟宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除B、D选项；根据“wanted”可知，主句的时态是一般过去时，从句也应用过去的某种时态，A选项为一般将来时，故排除。故选C。 2．（23-24九年级上·四川遂宁·期末）You just come back from Beijing. I wondered ________. A．how did you visit the city B．what place you have visited C．which hotel you stay in Beijing D．what you thought of the food there 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你刚从北京回来。我想知道你觉得那里的食物怎么样。考查宾语从句。根据“I wondered”可知，后跟宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除A选项；且主句时态是一般过去时，根据“主过从必过”的原则，从句应用过去的时态，B选项为现在完成时，C选项为一般现在时，均不符合，故排除，D选项为一般过去时，符合语法结构。故选D。 （六）客观真理仍用现、if/whether引导宾语从句、宾语从句的语序 （2024·江苏·二模）—One of the 24 solar terms—Summer Solstice (夏至) is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what is the meaning of this solar term B．that it will fall on June 21st or 22nd this year C．whether it was the 10th solar term of the 24 solar terms D．if it’s the day with the highest noon sun height of the year 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——24节气之一的夏至即将来临。——确实。但是你可以告诉我它是不是一年中中午太阳高度最高的一天吗？考查宾语从句。根据“But could you tell me”和选项可知后跟宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A；B项表达疑问，不能用that引导，排除B；C项叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故排除。故选D。 （七）客观真理仍用现、宾语从句的语序 （2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Sorry, I don’t know. You can ask your teachers. A．if sound travelled faster than light B．how does fog come into being C．what the importance of the wetlands is D．why do fish sleep with their eyes open 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我湿地的重要性吗？——对不起，我不知道。你可以问你的老师。 考查宾语从句的时态和语序。A项“if sound travelled faster than light”是客观事实，应用一般现在时，排除A项；在宾语从句中，我们通常使用陈述句语序，B项、D项使用了疑问句语序，只有C项“what the importance of the wetlands is”使用了陈述句语序，符合语法规则。故选C。 （八）一般现在时的被动语态、客观真理仍用现 （2024·四川成都·二模）In yesterday’s geography class, I learned that clouds ________ of drops of water. A．make B．are made C．were made 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在昨天的地理课上，我学到了云是由水滴组成的。考查宾语从句时态。make制造，动词；are made一般现在时被动语态；were made一般过去时被动语态。根据“...I learned that clouds...of drops of water.”可知，此处是云是由水滴组成的，be made of表示“由……制成”，排除A；句子为宾语从句，从句为客观真理，时态用一般现在时，主语为clouds，复数，be动词用are。故选B。 考点2 宾语从句的引导词 题型一 单项选择题 （一）that引导宾语从句 1．（2024·江苏·三模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause? A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films. B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday. C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon. D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：下列哪个句子有不同的从句？考查复合句。选项A中who acts in plays or films为定语从句，修饰先行词woman；选项B中which is made of wool为定语从句，修饰先行词scarf；选项C中that the police will catch the murderer soon为宾语从句；选项D中that I borrowed from the library为定语从句，修饰先行词book。故选C。 2．（2024·江苏南京·二模）“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________. A．why should we take care of the earth B．what we can do to improve our manners C．whether we are rude to other living things D．that it is important to protect the environment 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“我们已经忘记了如何做一个好客人，如何像其他生物一样在地球上轻盈地行走。”这个句子告诉我们保护环境很重要。考查宾语从句。why should we take care of the earth我们为什么要保护地球；what we can do to improve our manners我们能做些什么来改善我们的礼仪；whether we are rude to other living things我们是否对其他生物粗鲁；that it is important to protect the environment保护环境很重要。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A项。根据“We have forgotten how to be good guests”可知，我们应该在地球上做一个好客人，因此表示要保护地球，保护环境很重要，故选D。 3．（2023·江苏无锡·二模）The police did not arrest the surgeon because they never doubted ________ the case. A．that he had nothing to do with B．whether he had nothing to do with C．that he had anything to do with D．if he had anything to do with 【答案】C 【解析】句意：警察没有逮捕那个外科医生，因为他们从不怀疑他与这个案子有关。考查宾语从句。doubt用在否定句中，后跟that引导的宾语从句，排除BD；根据“The police did not arrest the surgeon”可知是不怀疑他与这个案子有关，排除A。故选C。 （二）if/whether引导宾语从句 1．（2025·四川成都·一模）My friend from Hangzhou wonder ________ people in Sichuan really like eating hotpot. A．if B．that C．what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我来自杭州的朋友，想知道四川人是否真的喜欢吃火锅。考查宾语从句。根据“My friend from Hangzhou wonder...people in Sichuan really like eating hotpot.”可知，wonder“想知道”动词，后跟宾语从句，想知道的内容具有不确定性，所以用if表达“是否”。故选A。 2.（2024·江苏徐州·三模）Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up. I wonder ________ it is true. A．where B．when C．why D．whether 【答案】D 【解析】句意：报道说养宠物有助于孩子成长。我想知道它是否是真的。考查宾语从句。where在哪里；when何时；why为什么；whether是否。根据“Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up.”可知，此处表示想知道这是否是真的，应用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。 （三）who引导宾语从句 （2024·福建·中考真题）—Do you know ________? —Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s. A．how the Shenzhou XVIII entered space B．when the Shenzhou XVIII entered space C．who entered space in the Shenzhou XVⅢ 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你知道谁乘坐神舟18号进入太空了吗？——80后的叶光富、李聪、李广苏。考查宾语从句。根据“Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s.”可知此句是对人的提问，用who引导的宾语从句。故选C。 （四）which引导宾语从句 （2024·江苏南通·二模）—If I am curious about Haian’s local culture, could you tell me ________? —Haian Museum would be a wonderful place. A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is C．how I can go to Haian Museum D．if Haian Museum would be a wonderful place to visit 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——如果我对海安的地方文化很好奇，你能告诉我我的第一选择是哪里吗？——海安博物馆是个不错的地方。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序；且根据“Haian Museum would be a wonderful place.”可知，是问自己可以去哪里学习海安的地方文化，B选项“我的第一选择是哪里”符合语境。故选B。 （五）whose引导宾语从句 1．（23-24九年级上·江西萍乡·期末）There is a book named Harry Potter on the chair. I wonder ________ it is. A．what B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：椅子上有一本叫《哈利波特》的书。我想知道这是谁的。考查宾语从句。what什么；whose谁的；who谁；whom谁，宾格。根据“There is a book named Harry Potter on the chair.”可知，此处说的是这本书属于谁。故选B。 2．Could you please tell me 　　　　 shirt that is? A．who B．whom C．who’s D．whose 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你能告诉我那是谁的衬衫吗？考查宾语从句引导词。who谁，可作主语或宾语；whom谁，宾格；who’s谁是；whose谁的，表所属。分析句子可知，设空处作定语修饰shirt，只有whose在名词前作定语。故选D。 （六）连接代词wh-ever引导宾语从句 1．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）My grandfather often tells me ________ I do in the future, I should try my best to do it well. A．wherever B．whatever C．whenever D．whoever 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我的爷爷经常告诉我，在将来无论做什么，我都应该尽力做好。考查宾语从句引导词辨析。wherever无论哪里；whatever无论什么；whenever无论什么时候；whoever无论谁。此处作后面do的宾语，且指物，所以用whatever。故选B。 2．（22-23八年级下·吉林长春·期末）Aunt Huang usually watches ________ she wants on TV until late at night. A．whenever B．however C．wherever D．whatever 【答案】D 【解析】句意：黄阿姨通常在电视上看她想看的东西，直到深夜。考查宾语从句引导词。whenever无论何时；however不管怎样；wherever无论哪里；whatever无论什么。根据题干可知，本句是一个宾语从句，设空处在句中作作wants的宾语，因此whatever“无论什么”符合题意。故选D。 3．（23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期中）When you finish reading the book, just give it to Kate or Alice, or ________ is interested in it. A．wherever B．whenever C．whatever D．whoever 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当你读完这本书时，把它给Kate或Alice，或者是对它感兴趣的任何人。考查从属连词辨析。wherever无论在哪里；whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；whoever无论是谁。根据“is interested in it”可知介词to后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语中，因此应用whoever来引导该宾语从句，whoever在句中作主语，表示“……的任何人”。故选D。 4．（22-23九年级上·福建福州·期中）There are many kinds of books in the library and you can choose ________ you like. A．however B．whenever C．whatever 【答案】C 【解析】句意：图书馆里有很多种书，你可以选择任何你喜欢的书。考查宾语从句的连接词。however不管怎样；whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么。分析句子可知，从句中缺少宾语，用whatever引导宾语从句。故选C。 5．— I'm not sure ________ there are living things on other planets or not. — Even scientists aren't sure about it. A．whether B．where C．why D．that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我不确定在其他的星球中是否有生物。——甚至科学家不能确定这件事。A. whether是否；B. where在哪；C. why为什么；D. that引导词。这里是whether引导的宾语从句。根据下文Even scientists aren't sure about it.可知这里是说是否，用whether引导；根据题意，故选A。 （七）when引导宾语从句 （2024·四川成都·二模）—I wonder ________ the Giant Panda Fu Bao returned to China. —She arrived at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport on April 3rd. A．how B．when C．where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我想知道大熊猫福宝是什么时候回到中国的。——她于4月3日抵达成都双流国际机场。考查宾语从句。根据“I wonder...the Giant Panda Fu Bao returned to China.”和“She arrived at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport on April 3rd.”可知，对时间提问，故选B。 （八）where引导宾语从句 （2024·四川成都·二模）The policeman asked the child ________ so that he could take him home. A．what he liked B．where he lived C．why he was here 【答案】B 【解析】句意：警察问那孩子住在哪里，以便带他回家。考查宾语从句。what he liked他喜欢什么；where he lived他住在哪里；why he was here他为什么在这里。根据“so that he could take him home”可知，警察应是询问孩子他住在哪里。故选B。 （九）how引导宾语从句 32．（2024·四川成都·三模）—Can you tell me ________? —Yes. Happiness is achieved through hard work in our lifelong journey. A．why happiness is important to us B．how we can find happiness C．who can help us achieve happiness 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能找到幸福吗？——好的。在我们一生的旅程中，幸福是通过努力去获得的。考查宾语从句。根据“Happiness is achieved through hard work in our lifelong journey.”可知，设空处是询问方式，问的是怎样才能找到幸福，因此用how引导宾语从句。故选B。 （十）连接副词wh-ever/however引导宾语从句 1．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）David will do _________ his mother asks him. A．however B．whatever C．whoever 【答案】B 【解析】句意：大卫会做他妈妈让他做的任何事。考查连接词。however然而，无论怎样；whatever无论什么；whoever无论是谁。根据“David will do…his mother asks him.”可知，大卫会做她妈妈要求他做的任何事，故选B。 2．It is generally _________ to be wrong to give a child _________ he or she wants. A．consider; with B．considering; what C．considered; whatever 【答案】C 【解析】句意：给孩子任何他想要的东西通常被认为是错误的。考查被动语态及宾语从句。consider认为，动词原形；considering现在分词；considered过去分词；with和……一起；what什么；whatever无论什么。根据句意可知，第一个空表示“被认为……”，应使用被动语态，故用过去分词；第二个空是whatever引导的宾语从句。故选C。 3．Most of the people in China enjoyed the cartoon Ne Zha, ________they are young or old. A．until B．whether C．however 【答案】B 【解析】句意：中国大部分人喜欢卡通片《哪吒》，无论他们年轻还是年老。考查连词。until直到……才，引导时间状语从句；whether不管、无论，可以引导让步状语从句；however无论怎样，引导让步状语从句。根据句中they are young or old.可知，是表示让步关系，对Most of the people in China进行强调，且意为“无论”，故选B。 题型二 完形填空 (2023·浙江宁波·中考真题节选)Influenced by my grandfather,my father also follows the value of “ I won’t”. He always provides the freshest food, which makes his restaurant very popular in town. Once a trader wanted to sell some cheap but smelly seafood to my father,he said “No!” and stopped the business . Now,my brother and I keep in mind 1 our grandfather and father taught us. Through ups and downs in life, we’ve come to deeply understand our family value behind this saying—to be truthful and honest. 1.A．how B．what C．when D．why 【答案】B 【解析】句意:现在，我哥哥和我牢记着祖父和父亲教给我们的东西。how如何;what什么;when什么时候;why为什么。根据“our grandfather and father taught us."可知空处作动词的宾语，需用what。故选B。 题型三 短文填空 （一） (2023河南中考节选) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 what work Hi, David, How are you doing? Do you remember we once talked about 1 jobs and careers (职业) we might do in the future ? I’m finding it very difficult to make up my mind. My parents tell me I’m too young to be expected to know about my future . They say I can choose whatever I want to do in the end if I keep working hard at school. I’m not sure if I agree with them.I feel as if I’m the only person in my class who hasn’t got a career in mind! It’s a big decision to make, but even so it’s much harder than I thought. 【答案】what 【解析】句意:你还记得我们曾经谈论过我们未来可能做什么工作和职业吗?根据“talked about... jobs and careers we might do in the future”及备选词可知，这里指谈论未来可能做什么工作，所以用特殊疑问词what，故填what。 （二） Many people find it difficult to love themselves.Do you have the same problem? If so, stop and think about 2 you can interact (互动) with yourself. First, learn to know yourself well.You should understand 3 you like and dislike and have a clear understanding of yourself.Besides, don't always worry about 4 you're perfect.Learn to praise your- self and pay more attention to what you are good at. 【答案】2.how 3.what 4.whether 【解析】2.分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语从句关联词。根据语境可知此处指“如何”与自己互动交流。故填how。 3.分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语从句关联词作like and dislike的宾语。此处表示你喜欢和不喜欢什么。故填what。 4.分析句子结构可知此处指“是否”完美。故填whether。 ★拓展知识练习 （一）宾语从句的否定转移 1．（23-24九年级上·安徽宿州·期中）—Look at the boy with green hair. It’s cool. —But I don’t think students ________ to color their hair. A．should be not allowed B．shouldn’t be allowed C．should be allowed D．should allow 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——看那个绿色头发的男孩，太酷了。——但是我认为学生不应该被允许染发。考查情态动词的被动语态及宾语从句的否定转移。根据“But I don’t think students...to color their hair.”可知主语students与动词allow之间是被动关系，此处应用含有情态动词的被动语态，根据常识可知，学生是不允许染头发的，而含有think的主从复合句，否定前移到主句上，故此空应填should be allowed。故选C。 2．（2022·广西梧州·一模）I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________? A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我认为他从没去过猴岛，对吧？考查反意疑问句。反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”。陈述句是宾语从句，且是“否定前移”的结构，所以从句是否定句。反意疑问句和宾语从句保持一致，反问部分用肯定，排除AB选项；从句是现在完成时，所以应用助动词has，故选C。 3．（22-23九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）—Look at the boy with red hair. It’s cool! —But I don’t think students ________ to color their hair. A．shouldn’t be allowed to B．mustn’t be allowed C．should be allowed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——看这个红头发的男孩。多酷！——但我认为不应该允许学生染发。考查宾语从句否定句。shouldn’t be allowed to不应该被允许；mustn’t be allowed禁止被允许；should be allowed应该被允许。根据“I don’t think students...to color their hair.”可知，此处表达但我认为不应该允许学生染发，为宾语从句否定句，动词think作主句的谓语，对宾语从句的否定要前移到主句上。故选C。 （二）宾语从句的简化 1．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it 【答案】B 【解析】句意：其中一个矮个子男人开始跟我说话，但我不知道说什么。考查疑问词加不定式的用法。when to say何时说；what to say说什么；how to say如何说；what to say it错误表达。根据“One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know...”可知，空处指我不知道“说什么”，需what to say，在句中作宾语。故选B。 2.The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________. A．who we need B．how to make friends C．what a friend is like D．where we should go 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“相互了解是结交新朋友的第一步”这句话告诉我们如何交朋友。考查宾语从句的简化。who we need我们需要谁；how to make friends如何交朋友；what a friend is like朋友是什么样的；where we should go我们应该去哪里。根据“Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends”可知，交朋友要先相互了解，此处是告诉人们如何交朋友，应用how引导宾语从句，可以简化为“how+动词不定式结构”。故选B。 3．No one tells us ________, so we need your help. A．how we should do B．how to do it C．what should we do D．what to do it 【答案】B 【解析】句意：没有人告诉我们怎么做，所以我们需要你的帮助。考查不定式和宾语从句。how we should do错误形式；how to do it如何去做；what should we do我们应该做什么；what to do it错误形式。分析句子结构可知，空处是“tells”的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，根据“ so we need your help”可知，我们需要帮助，可推知没有人告诉我们该怎么做。故选B。 （三）直接引语的特点 1．How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence? A．Tom said: “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” B．Tom said “if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” C．Tom said:“ if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” D．Tom said, “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” 【答案】D 【解析】句意：您应该如何在下面的句子中添加正确的标点符号？考查标点符号的用法。引用一句话时，要将标点符号也放入引号内。故B错误。在英语中，冒号前必须是完整句子，即去掉冒号后的内容，句子意思依然完整，故AC错误。故选D。 2．Which of the following sentences is correct? A．He cried, ran out of the office. B．Our teacher told us the earth moved around the sun. C．The pen is easily to write. D．“You are wanted on the phone,” she said. 【答案】D 【解析】题意：下列哪一个句子是正确的？考查句子语法。A选项He cried, ran out of the office错误在于ran，此处应用现在分词running作伴随状语，A选项可排除。B选项Our teacher told us the earth moved around the sun错误在于从句时态，当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时，故从句谓语moved应改为moves，B选项可排除。C选项The pen is easily to write少了一个介词with，且easily应为easy即The pen is easy to write with，动词不定式与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，故介词with不可以省略，C选项可排除。D选项“You are wanted on the phone,” she said无语法错误，其中You are wanted on the phone为常用句型，意为“有你的电话”，故选D。 3．How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence? A．Simon said “If it snows we'll make a snowman.” B．Simon said “if it snows, we'll make a snowman.” C．Simon said, if it snows, we'll make a snowman. D．Simon said, “If it snows, we'll make a snowman.” 【答案】D 【解析】题干“你应该如何在下面的句子中加上正确的标点符号？” 这里是Simon说，应该加逗号，排除AB；直接引述Simon的话，要加引号。排除C。根据题意，选项D符合题意。Simon said, “If it snows, we'll make a snowman.”意思是“Simon说：“如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。”根据题意，故选D。 （四）间接引语的特点 1．My father said he _____________ for Shanghai the next day. A．was going to leave B．is going to leave C．left D．had left 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我父亲说他第二天要去上海。A. was going to leave过去将来时；B. is going to leave一般将来时；C. left一般过去式；D. had left过去完成时。根据时间the next day（第二天）可知用将来时，主句是过去式，从句应用过去的某一种时态，结合时间状语the next day可知从句时态是过去将来时；结合句意和选项可知选A。 2．—The earth goes round the sun. —What did the teacher say? I couldn’t hear him. —_____________________________. A．He says the earth goes round the sun. B．He said the earth goes round the sun. C．He said the earth went round the sun. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——老师说什么了？我听不见他的声音。——他说地球绕着太阳转。考查间接引语。间接引语的主句动词需用said，可排除A项。第一句是the teacher的直接引语，讲述的是客观事实，在间接引语中仍用一般现在时态，可排除C项。根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。 （五）直接引语和间接引语的转换 1.— Could you tell me ______? — Yes. It’s next to the supermarket. A．where the post office is B．where was the post office C．where is the post office D．where the post office was 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：根据下文，是的，它在超市隔壁。可知上文从句描述的是客观性动作，故用一般现在时态。宾语从句中一般用陈述语序，故选A。 2．—He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” —He ________ very naughty. A．said his mother that the boy was B．said to his mother that the boy is C．told his mother that the boy was D．spoke to his mother that the boy was 【答案】C 【解析】——句意：他说：“妈妈，这个男孩很顽皮。”——他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮。考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。此处可改为“他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮”，可用tell sb.，排除ABD。故选C。 3．He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked________. A．how am I getting along B．how are you getting along C．how I was getting along D．how was I getting along 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他问：“你过得怎么样？”考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。原句从句为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语后，从句应为陈述句语序，疑问词不变；原句从句主语为第二人称，变为间接引语后，从句主语应变为第一人称；原句主句为一般过去时态，从句为现在进行时态，变为间接引语后，主句仍为一般过去时，从句变为过去进行时，故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$