专题23 定语从句（清单+专练）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习知识清单

专题23定语从句（清单+专练） 目录 ★知识点1定语从句的构成 1 ★知识点2 定语从句关系词的用法 2 ★知识点3 定语从句中需注意的事项 3 ★知识点4 考点和题型 5 ★专项过关训练题 8 ★知识点1定语从句的构成 在主从复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词等的从句叫作定语从句，又称关系从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后，由关系词引导。 1.先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词一般出现在定语从句之前。 2.关系词 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。根据其在定语从句中的作用，又可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词或关系副词，不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且在从句中充当一定的成分。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾 语、表语、定语等，关系副词在从句中作状语。定语从句构成形式为“先行词+关系词+从句 ”。 关系代词 关系代词 The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting. Tina is a girl who always helps others. 先行词 定语从句 先行词 定语从句 ★知识点2 定语从句关系词的用法 1.关系代词的用法 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 that 人或物 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语(作宾语时that可省略) I have some photos that I took in Australia last year. 我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的照片。 (that作宾语) I prefer movies that give me something to think about. 我更喜欢让我思考的电影。(that作主语) which 物  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) The train which has just left is for Beijing. 刚开走的火车是驶往北京的。(which作主语) This is the book which he gave me. 这就是他给我的那本书。(which作宾语) who 人  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) He's the boy who won the English competition last year! 他是去年赢得英语比赛的男孩!(who在作主语) whom 人 在从句中作宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time with for the past three years. 与那些在过去三年间共度许多时光的人分离总是很难的。 whose 人或物  在从句中作定语 It's the school whose door is painted brown. 这就是那个门被漆成棕色的学校。(whose =the th school's) 口诀助记 ： 关系代词引定从，它们用法须分清；that可作主与宾，指人指物都能行；which 用来指代物，主语宾语都可充；who和 whom 只指人，作主作宾不相同；whose一词作用大，表人表物都能用。 2.关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 when 时间 在从句中作时间状语，可与 on/in/at/...+which互换 I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane. 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语，可与at /in...+which 互换 Tom wants to go to a place where he can calm down. 汤姆想去一个能让他平静的地方。 why 表示原因的名词 原因状语可与for which互换 Is this the reason why she refused our offer of help? 这就是她拒绝我们的帮助的理由吗? 易错警示： ①关系副词引导定语从句时只起状语的作用，既不能作动词的宾语，也不能作介词的宾语。 ②先行词表示时间时，若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则关系词不能用when。 ③先行词是the reason时，若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则关系词用that或which。 ★知识点 3 定语从句中需注意的事项 1.先行词指物时，只能用that而不用which的情况： 情况 示例 先行词是all,little,much, nothing,few, something,every- thing等不定代词时 It is something that you use to paint pictures. 它是你用来画画的一些东西。 先行词被the same,the only, the very,all, the last,the one(s),no等修饰 I want to read all the books that were written by Shakespeare. 我想读莎士比亚写的所有书。 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰 This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的书。 主句是以疑问词which或who开头的特殊疑问句 Which is the bike that you have lost? 你丢失的自行车是哪辆?  先行词既有人又有物 We talked about persons and things that we remembered in middle school. 我们谈论了我们在中学时记得的人和事情。 主句以here或there开头，且先行词指物时 Here is the pen that Mary have been looking for. 这是玛丽一直在找的那支笔。 2.关系词只用which不用that的情况 情况 例句  先行词本身是that What's that which is on the desk? 桌子上的东西是什么?  关系代词前面有介词且指物时 This is the room in which James once lived. 这是James曾经住过的房间。  引导非限制性定语从句 Crusoe's dog,which was very old now,became ill and died. Crusoe的狗现在很老了，生病死了。 3.关系词只用who不用that的情况 情况 例句 先行词是指人的不定代词时，如someone、anyone、one、all、nobody、no one等 I'll ask someone who likes comedy movies. 我会去问喜欢喜剧题材电影的人。  先行词为those且指人 Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here。 想去长城的人在这里报名。  主句为there be句型，且先行词指人 There are instructors who can show you how to you how to swimming. 有教练可以教你如何游泳。 先行词指人，且先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时 They were the first students who finished the homework. 他们是第一批完成作业的学生。 4.定语从句的主谓一致 情况 例句 关系代词在句中作主语，从句谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致。先行词是单数时，从句谓语动词用单数形式；先行词是复数时，从句谓语动词用复数形式 The students that laugh at the disabled are not good students. 嘲笑残疾人的学生不是好学生。( students指同学们，谓语动词用复数形式) Mr. Black, who is in the meeting room, is asking to see you. 布莱克先生要见你，他在会议室。(Mr. Black指一个人，谓语动词用单数形式) The Blacks, who are in the meeting room, are asking to see you. 布莱克夫妇要见你，他们在会议室。(The Blacks指夫妇，谓语动词用单数形式) 先行词为“one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式；先行词为“the (only/very /right) one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式 He is one of the students who were awarded. 他是当时受到奖励的学生之一。(受到奖励的学生不止一个，先行词是students) He is the only one of the students who was awarded. 他是当时唯一受到奖励的学生。(受到奖励的学生只有他一个，先行词是the only one) 5.关系代词的省略 一般情况下which 、whom作宾语时可以省略，但以下情况不能省略： 情况 例句  关系代词which、whom在从句中作介词的宾语且位于介词后面时 There are many ways in which Chinese people express their respect. 中国人表达敬意的方式有很多种。(which作介词in的宾语) 6.“介词+关系代词”的用法 (1)当定语从句中的介词位于关系代词前面，构成“介词+关系代词”结构时，该结构中的关系代词可用which、whose、whom,不可用that、who。介词的选用根据其在定语从句中与谓语动词的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句意来确定。 (2)关系代词whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如: That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. 那是我们住了十年的房间。 = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years. This is the policeman by whom I was saved.这就是救了我的那位警察。 The girl to whom he spoke was Mary. 和他说话的那个女孩是玛丽。 = The girl whom he spoke to was Mary. (3)像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如: This is the boy whom she has taken care of. 这就是她照顾过的男孩。 ★知识点4 考点和题型 考点1 定语从句的关系词辨析 考查题型 单项选择 Rome is an ancient city ___________is full of places of interest. A. where B. which C. who D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意:罗马是一座满是名胜古迹的古城。考查定语从句。先行词是物"an ancient city",关系词在从句中作主语，此处应用which引导定语从句。故选B。 步骤一：根据定语从句的构成，判定题目的句子所引导的从句为定语从句。 步骤二：做此类题目时，关键要找出先行词。首先，判断先行词指人还是指物，以及关系词在定语从句中所作的成分。注意根据关系词指人或物判断具体正确的答案。关系词的用法：who/that指人，作主语、宾语、which/that指物，作主语、宾语、表语、whom 指人，作宾语)、whose 作 名 词 的 定语,选用正确的关系词。 步骤三：判断题目是否存在属于特殊情况：先行词指物时， 只用that不用which 或只用which不用 that的情况。 考点2 定语从句的关系词填空 考查题型 语篇填空 根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的关系代词(that, who, which)补全对话，如果关系代词可以省略用括号表示。 A: I don't have many friends in this city. B: Haven't you met any people here? A: Of course. But the people   1 I've met here don't share my interests. I like reading and going for quiet walks. However, the people 2 work with me seem to like parties, watching TV, playing sports and going to restaurants. Their interests   3 they have are so different from mine. B: Your interests don't involve (涉及) other people. It's hard to do things with other people when your hobbies can be done alone. You should find some interests   4 you can do with other people, like tennis or dancing. A: The activities 5 involve other people cost money, and I don't have a lot of money. B: There are many parks in this city   6 have free tennis courts. In fact, there are a lot of things 7 are free or very cheap in this city. I can give you a list of free activities, if you want. A: Thanks. I'd love to have the list. 【答案】1．(that / who) 2．that / who 3．(that / which) 4．(that / which) 5．that / which 6．that / which 7．that / which 【解析】这是一组关于业余爱好和兴趣，以及有相同爱好的人的对话。 1．句意：这儿我遇到的人不能分享我的兴趣。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词 the people，所以引导词用that / who；故填（that / who） 2．句意：和我一起工作的人喜欢舞会、看电视、做运动和去餐馆。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词 the people，所以引导词用that / who；故填that / who 3．句意：他们有的兴趣和我的不同。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是Their interests，所以引导词用that/which；故填（that / which） 4．句意：你应该找到和其他人做的一些兴趣，像网球和跳舞。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是Their interests，所以引导词用that/which；故填（that / which） 5．句意：涉及其他人的活动花钱。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是The activities，所以引导词用that/which；故填that / which 6．句意：在这个城市里有许多免费网球场的公园。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是parks，所以引导词用that/which；故填that / which 7．句意：事实上，在这个城市里有许多是免费的或便宜的东西。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是things，所以引导词用that/which；故填that / which. 步骤一：阅读题干，分析句子结构，确认句子是否考查定语从句。若是，则判断先行词指人还是指物，指人时用哪些关系代词，指物时用哪些关系代词。 步骤二：看设空处在从句中所作成分，若从句中缺少主语、宾语等主干成分，用关系代词；若从句中不缺少主干成分，用关系副词。 步骤三：判断是否属于特殊情况，确认先行词是否属于只能用that不能用which或只能用which不能用that的情况。选择正确选项，复读并验证答案。 ★专项过关训练题 题型一 单项选择 类型一 限制性定语从句 一、that引导限制性定语从句 1．（2025·广东江门·二模）You can never imagine what great trouble I had ________ the poor boy and the little dog ________ were seriously hurt. A．help; which B．to help; that C．helping; that D．helped; who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你永远无法想象我在帮助那个可怜的男孩和那只严重受伤的小狗时遇到了多大的麻烦。 考查动名词及定语从句。have trouble doing sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故填helping；分析句子可知，第二个设空处是一个定语从句，先行词是“the poor boy and the little dog”，既有人又有物，故应用that来引导。故选C。 2．（2025·广东江门·二模）Mother was so angry at all ________ I was doing ________ she walked out. A．that; that B．what; that C．what; as D．that; which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：妈妈对我所做的一切都感到非常生气，以至于她气冲冲地走了。考查定语从句和状语从句。分析句子可知，空格处到“doing”为定语从句，修饰先行词不定代词all，只能用that引导该定语从句，what不引导定语从句；第二个空是用在so…that…结构中，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故选A。 3．（2025·四川成都·一模）The Ig Nobel Prizes were given to some funny studies ________ make people laugh, then think. A．that B．whose C．who 【答案】A 【解析】句意：搞笑诺贝尔奖颁发给一些令人发笑并引发思考的有趣研究。考查定语从句关系词。that引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语。此句为定语从句，先行词为studies，指物，且从句中缺少主语。故选A。 4．（2025·四川成都·一模）The singer is famous for his songs ________ express a strong feeling of missing hometown. A．who B．that C．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这位歌手以其表达强烈思乡之情的歌曲而闻名。考查定语从句引导词。who谁；that那；whose谁的。根据“his songs...express a strong feeling of missing hometown.”可知空格处单词引导定语从句，修饰先行词songs；songs是某物，且引导词在从句中作主语，不可省略，应用that/which来引导。故选B。 5．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这是我读过最有趣的书。考查定语从句。先行词book被最高级the most interesting修饰，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，what不能引导定语从句，而who是指人，故选B。 二、which引导限制性定语从句 1．（2025·四川成都·一模）—What are they talking about? —They’re talking about the AI robots ________ will make a big difference to the old people’s life. A．which B．when C．whose 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——他们在谈论什么？——他们在谈论AI机器人将对老年人的生活产生重大影响。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代物；when引导定语从句，在从句中作状语；whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。定语从句的先行词是robots，空处在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故选A。 2．（2025·四川成都·一模）The documentary ________ showed how the firefighter saved the lives really moved me. A．which B．who C．whose 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这部展示了消防员如何拯救生命的纪录片真的打动了我。考查定语从句的关系词。which哪一个；who谁；whose谁的。分析句子可知，先行词是“the documentary”，指物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选A。 3．（2025·山西运城·模拟预测）—Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? —Yes, we do. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你们有适合儿童阅读的著名科学家的书吗? ——是的, 我们有。考查定语从句引导词。what什么；which哪一个；who谁；whom谁，宾格。根据“Do you have books about famous scientists...are suitable for children to read?”可判断出空处应填定语从句引导词，从句中缺主语，先行词是books，用which代指物作定语从句主语。故选B。 4．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The new expressway section in Anhui, ________ was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities. A．which B．who C．where D．when 【答案】A 【解析】句意：安徽上个月完工的新高速公路路段缩短了城市之间的旅行时间。考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，先行词为事物，作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，作主语或宾语；where哪里，表示地点，作状语；when什么时候，表示时间，作状语。根据句子结构“The new expressway section in Anhui, …was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities.”可知此空引导定语从句，先行词“The new expressway section”是事物，并且从句“…was completed last month”中缺少主语，应用“which”。故选A。 5．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）This is the museum ______ we visited last year. A．where B．who C．which D．when 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这是我们去年参观的博物馆。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，空处到句末为定语从句，修饰先行词“museum”，为物，且关系词在从句作“visited”的宾语，应用关系代词which来引导定语从句。故选C。 三、who引导限制性定语从句 1．（2025·四川泸州·一模）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．which B．when C．where D．who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：尽管我祖父已经90多岁了，但他仍然记得他年轻时遇到的那些人。考查定语从句关系词。在定语从句中，which用于指物；when指时间，在从句中作时间状语；where指地点，在从句中作地点状语；who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。此句中先行词是“the people”，且关系词在从句“he met when he was young”中作宾语，所以用关系代词who。故选D。 2．（2025·福建泉州·一模）—During the Paris Olympic Games, the Chinese athletes won a total of 40 gold medals. —They are the role models in this new age ________ we should learn from. A．when B．who C．which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——在巴黎奥运会上，中国运动员共获得40枚金牌。——他们是这个新时代的榜样，我们应该向他们学习。考查定语从句。when何时；who谁；which哪一个。根据“They are the role models in this new age ... we should learn from.”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是role models，指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用who引导定语从句。故选B。 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）My favorite movie is Ne Zha (《哪吒》) by Jiao Zi ________ is one of the most famous film directors in China. A．which B．who C．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我最喜欢的电影是饺子导演的《哪吒》，他是中国最著名的电影导演之一。考查定语从句关系词辨析。which一般用于指物的先行词；who一般用于指人的先行词；whose表示所属关系，意为“……的”。“Jiao Zi”是人名，在定语从句中作主语，先行词是人，且在从句中作主语时，关系词用who。故选B。 4．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher? —Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses. A．who B．which C．what D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——哪一个是你的数学老师？——在那里！那个戴着一副圆眼镜的高个子男人。考查定语从句关系词。who引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是人；which引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是物；what不能引导定语从句；where引导定语从句，在句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词。分析句子可知，空后句子作定语修饰名词the tall man，空处在句中作主语，且先行词是人，所以用who，故选A。 5．（2024·四川成都·三模）Su Bingtian, a Chinese, is the first Asian sportsman __________ can finish running 100 meters in less than ten seconds A．who B．whom C．which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：中国人苏炳添是第一位能在10秒内跑完100米的亚洲运动员。考查定语从句关系词。句子是定语从句，先行词是“sportsman”，指人，同时在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选A。 6．（2024·四川成都·三模）Those ________ do not prepare for their future will hardly succeed. A．who B．which C．whom 【答案】A 【解析】句意：那些不为未来做准备的人很难成功。考查关系代词。who关系代词，指人，从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，指物，从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，指人，从句中作宾语。该句是定语从句，先行词是“Those”，结合“do not prepare for their future will hardly succeed.”可知，those指人，且从句中缺主语，故选A。 四、whom引导限制性定语从句 1．（23-24九年级上·甘肃天水·期末）The boy with ________ John is talking is my elder brother. A．whom B．who C．that D．which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：和约翰说话的那个男孩是我哥哥。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是The boy，关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语，用此处用whom引导定语从句。故选A。 2．（22-23八年级下·山东东营·期末）These new neighbors, to ________ I was introduced yesterday, have come here from Beijing. A．who B．whom C．that D．what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：昨天我被介绍给这些新邻居，他们是从北京来的。考查定语从句。根据“These new neighbors, to…I was introduced yesterday”可知，先行词是These new neighbors，且to是介词，故要用whom引导定语从句，故选B。 3．（2022·河北承德·模拟预测）I don’t know the girl to _________ you talked just now. A．which B．who C．whom D．what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我不认识你刚才和她谈话的那个女孩。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是the girl，指人，引导词在从句中作宾语，此处介词to提前，只能用whom。故选C。 4．（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）I wondered ________ when we were in dangerous situations. A．whom could we ask for help B．why could we ask for help C．what we could ask for help D．whom we could ask for help 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我想知道当我们处于危险的情形下时我们能向谁寻求帮助。考查宾语从句。宾语从句应是陈述句语序，排除AB。由于ask sb. for help“向某人寻求帮助”，所以是疑问词whom。故选D。 5．（2022·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）—Do you know the pretty girl with ________ your neighbor is talking? —Of course. She is a classmate of ________. A．which; me B．who; my C．whom; mine 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你认识和你邻居谈话的那个漂亮女孩吗？—— 当然。她是我的同学。考查定语从句的关系代词和物主代词。which先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语； me我，宾格；who 先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；my我的，形容词性的物主代词，后面要跟名词；whom先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语；mine 我的，名词性物主代词。第一句是定语从句，先行词girl是人，且关系代词放在介词with后，作宾语，只能用whom引导定语从句。第二句中表达“我的一位同学”，应为“a classmate of mine 或 one of my classmates”。故选C。 五、whose引导限制性定语从句 1．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Lily doesn’t know ________ she can do to help the little victim ________ parents both have died. A．that; whose B．what; whose C．what; whom D．how; whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Lily不知道她能做些什么来帮助那个父母都去世的小受害者。考查宾语从句和定语从句。that那，在宾语从句中不作成分；what什么；whom谁；whose谁的；how如何。know后缺少宾语，且do后缺少宾语，即“做的事情”，所以第一空用what引导的宾语从句；parents both have died是victim的后置定语，是对victim的进一步解释说明，且parents和victim之间是“所属”关系，所以第二空用whose。故选B。 2．（22-23九年级上·江西宜春·期末）I love singers ________ songs are written by themselves. They are creative. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我喜欢自己写歌的歌手。他们很有创造力。考查定语从句的引导词。who的先行词指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；which的先行词指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；whose的先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；whom的先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的引导词，引导词在句中作定语修饰名词songs“歌曲”，故选C。 3．（23-24九年级上·安徽淮南·期末）Do you know the book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Mary’s? A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你知道那本封面有美丽图画的书是玛丽的吗？考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the book，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰名词cover，用whose引导定语从句。故选D。 4．（23-24九年级上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）The book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Lily’s. A．that B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】D 【解析】句意：封面有漂亮图画的那本书是Lily的。考查定语从句的引导词。cover意为“封面”，和先行词book之间有从属关系，用引导词whose，意为“谁的”。故选D。 5. Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money. A．that; whose B．how; who C．what; who D．what; whose 【答案】D 【解析】句意：莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩，他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。考查定语从句和宾语从句。that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；how引导宾语从句，一般做方式状语；what引导宾语从句，做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句，what，什么，充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句，the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系，故引导词用whose，选D。 六、多种定语从句关系词综合辨析 ★that引导宾语从句、who引导限制性定语从句、that引导限制性定语从句、which引导限制性定语从句 （2024·江苏·三模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause? A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films. B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday. C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon. D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：下列哪个句子有不同的从句？考查复合句。选项A中who acts in plays or films为定语从句，修饰先行词woman；选项B中which is made of wool为定语从句，修饰先行词scarf；选项C中that the police will catch the murderer soon为宾语从句；选项D中that I borrowed from the library为定语从句，修饰先行词book。故选C。 ★which引导限制性定语从句、who引导限制性定语从句 （2024·江苏泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days? —Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok. A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道这些天很流行的那首歌吗？——当然。是关于一个穿着帽衫在抖音上请求帮助的女孩。考查定语从句。定语从句中先行词为人时用关系代词that或who；先行词为物时用关系代词that或which。问句中先行词为the song，所以关系代词用that或which。答语先行词为a girl，所以关系代词that或who。所以B选项中的符合定语从句对引导词的要求。故选B。 ★who引导限制性定语从句、which引导限制性定语从句、whom引导限制性定语从句、what引导限制性定语从句 （23-24九年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你喜欢中央电视台每周播出的脱口秀《朗读者》吗？——当然。这是一个很棒的电视节目，它让公众重新养成了阅读的习惯。考查定语从句从属连词。who谁，先行词是人，在从句中作主语；which哪一个，先行词是人或物，在从句中做主语、宾语等；whom谁，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。从句位于名词program后，此句为定语从句，先行词是TV program，非人。故选B。 ★who、whom、whose、whom引导限制性定语从句 （2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. I will never forget all the teachers and friends with ________ I spent four years. A．who B．whom C．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：一个真正的朋友是向你伸出手，并触动你心灵。我永远不会忘记与我共度四年时光的所有老师和朋友。考查定语从句。根据句子结构，该句为定语从句，先行词为“teachers and friends”，指人，且空格前为介词“with”，故空格处应填who的宾格whom。故选B。 七、介词+关系代词引导限制性定语从句 1．（2024·四川遂宁·二模）Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】句意：成都是一座大城市，我们可以在这里学习古蜀文化，享受现代生活。考查定语从句。which先行词为物；who先行词为人；that先行词为物/人；whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city，指物，且结合介词in，可知此处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。故选A。 2．（2024·安徽蚌埠·模拟预测）Can you lend me the book ________ the other day? A．about which you talked B．which you talked C．about that you talked D．that you talked 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你能把你前几天谈到的那本书借给我吗？考查定语从句。根据“Can you lend me the book …the other day?”及选项可知，此处应是定语从句，固定短语talk about“谈论”，将介词about提到关系代词之前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，介词后的关系代词只能用which或whom。故选A。 3．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）A survey shows that the Secret Garden is the book on ________ most Chinese people spent money in the past year. A．which B．that C．what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一项调查显示，《秘密花园》是过去一年大多数中国人花钱买的书。考查定语从句。根据“the Secret Garden is the book on ... most Chinese people spent money in the past year.”可知，句子是定语从句，介词on后跟关系代词which。故选A。 4．（23-24九年级上·安徽宿州·期末）—What kind of city do you like? —I prefer the city in ________ the people are really kind and friendly. A．that B．which C．where D．what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你喜欢哪种城市？——我更喜欢人们和蔼友好的城市。考查定语从句。根据“I prefer the city in ... the people are really kind and friendly.”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词the city在从句中作地点状语，关系词用“where/介词+which”引导定语从句，由于空前有介词in，故此处只能用which。故选B。 5.— Do you know the boy with ________ Ms. Green is talking? — Oh, that’s Peter. He’s going to make a speech at our graduation party. A．that B．what C．whom 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你认识格林女士正在谈话的那个男孩吗？——哦，那是彼得。他将在我们的毕业晚会上发表演讲。考查定语从句关系词。that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；whom为关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；先行词是the boy，指人，在从句中作介词with的宾语，应用whom引导，故选C。 八、when引导限制性定语从句 1．（23-24九年级上·安徽淮南·期末）Tina won’t forget the moment ________ she saw her favorite singer. A．which B．that C．who D．when 【答案】D 【解析】句意：蒂娜不会忘记看到她最喜欢的歌手的那一刻。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the moment，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导定语从句。故选D。 2．（2024·黑龙江绥化·一模）October1, 1949 is the day ______ the PRC was founded. A．which B．when C．on that 【答案】B 【解析】句意：1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。考查定语从句。which先行词表物，在从句中作主语或宾语；when先行词表时间，在从句中作时间状语；on that先行词表物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析题干可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词day是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选B。 3．（2023·四川成都·二模）How time flies! I’ll miss the days ________ we studied in middle school. A．that B．where C．when 【答案】C 【解析】句意：时间过得真快！我会想念我们在中学学习的日子。考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是the days，在定语从句中作时间状语，when符合题意。故选C。 4．（2023·全国·模拟预测）Do you still remember the time ________ we worked together in the small town? A．that B．which C．when D．who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你仍然还记得我们一起在一个小镇上工作的时候吗？考查定语从句。that做引导词无实际意义；which哪一个；when当……时；who谁。分析“we worked together in the small town?”可知从句不缺成分，用关系副词，排除ABD。先行词“the time”表示时间，用when引导定语从句，故选C。 九、where引导限制性定语从句 1．（2024·四川成都·二模）The old man missed the small village ________ he used to live. A．which B．that C．where 【答案】C 【解析】句意：那位老人想念他过去住过的那个小村庄。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，从句不缺主语及宾语，修饰先行词the small village，用关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语。故选C。 2．（2024·四川成都·二模）Xiao Wang, we will graduate from this school in about three months. I believe we will never forget this school ________ we have studied for three years. A．where B．which C．who 【答案】A 【解析】句意：小王，我们大约三个月后就要从这所学校毕业了。我相信我们永远不会忘记这所学校，我们在那里学习了三年。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是this school，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故选A。 3．（2024·甘肃嘉峪关·模拟预测）The Ice Ribbon is the venue (场馆) ________ one of the Winter Olympic events took place. A．that B．/ C．where D．which 【答案】C 【解析】句意：冰丝带是冬奥会某个项目举行的场馆。考查定语从句。根据分析句子结构可知，本句主干是 “The Ice Ribbon is the venue”，后面接了一个定语从句，用来修饰venue。从句中缺地点状语，需关系副词where来充当。故选C。 4．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Is there a restaurant around ________ I can have something to eat? —Yes, there is a Chinese restaurant near here. A．which B．that C．where 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——附近有没有餐馆可以让我吃点东西？——是的，这附近有一家中国餐馆。考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空后是定语从句部分，修饰限定先行词restaurant，定语从句成分完整，应用关系副词，where符合，故选C。 5. On the top of the hill ________ the old man once lived. A．a temple stands there in which B．a temple standing on which C．does a temple stand where D．stands a temple where 【答案】D 【解析】句意：山顶上有一座老人曾经住过的庙宇。考查完全倒装和定语从句。根据“On the top of the hill”可知，此句是一个完全倒装的句子，因此谓语动词要和主语调换位置；再者根据句子结构可知，“the old man once lived.”用于修饰先行词“a temple”，而定语从句缺少状语成分，因此用where引导定语从句。故选D。 十、why引导限制性定语从句 1．（2024·西藏日喀则·一模）I didn’t know the reasons________ A．how the war happens between Israeli—Palestinian. B．how did the war happen between Israeli—Palestinian. C．why the war happened between Israeli—Palestinian. D．why was the war happened between Israeli—Palestinian. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我不知道巴以之间发生战争的原因。考查定语从句。空处作定语修饰名词reasons，所以应是定语从句，用陈述句语序，the reason why“……的原因”，故选C。 2．（2022·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）The reason ________ he didn’t come was ________ he was ill. A．why; that B．that; why C．for that; that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他没有来的原因是他病了。考查定语从句和表语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，整个句子的谓语动词为was，was之前的为定语从句；was之后的为表语从句；第一个空为定语从句，定语从句中句子结构完整，因此用关系副词why引导；第二个空为表语从句，表语从句的结构也完整，因此用连词that引导，that无意义。故选A。 3．— Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? — Yes, I am still wondering________. A．whether you like the book B．how many people there are in the room C．why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D．whose handwriting is the best in our class 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——Peter，关于中国你还有其他的事情想知道吗？——是的，我还在想知道为什么中国人喜欢舞龙。这里是宾语从句，注意用陈述语序，主语是现在时，从句是所需的任何时态，这里用一般现在时态。这里是关于中国传统方面。这里是在问为什么中国人喜欢舞龙。故选C。 类型二 引导非限制性定语从句 一、which引导非限制性定语从句 1．（2022·四川达州·一模）He seems not to have grasped ________ I meant, ________ greatly upsets me. A．what; who B．that; that C．what; which D．how; which 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他似乎没有领会我的意思，这让我非常难过。考查从句。what什么；who谁；that那个；which哪一个；how怎么样。根据“He seems not to have grasped...I meant,...greatly upsets me.”可知grasped 之后是宾语从句且从句中meant后面缺少宾语,空处需填一个引导词what；逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，需填一个引导词指代前面整个句子，用which。故选C。 2．（2022·云南昭通·二模）Do you know the city, Kunming, __________ is the capital city of Yunan? A．where B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你知道云南的首都昆明吗？考查定语从句。where，关系副词，指地点，在从句中作地点状语；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，who的所有格，在从句中作定语。分析句子可知，is前缺少主语，先行词“Kunming”是物，且在句中作主语。故选B。 二、as引导非限制性定语从句 1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A．Which B．When C．What D．As 【答案】D 【解析】句意：和往常一样，我们制定了生产计划。考查定语从句。as is often the case“和往常一样”，固定用法，as引导非限制性定语从句。故选D。 2．（2023·江苏无锡·一模）—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能尽快理发吗？——为什么？我喜欢我现在的发型。考查定语从句。since自从；as如，似，正像；unless除非；when当……时。分析句子结构可知，“…it is now”是定语从句修饰“my hairstyle”作定语，进一步说明我的头发，即现在的发型，因此as引导定语从句，故选B。 三、包含关系词that、which、who、whom的非限制性定语从句 1．（2025·广东江门·二模）Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A．whom B．which C．who D．that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好的教育，前往偏远地区追逐自己的梦想。考查定语从句。whom关系代词，指代人，作宾语；which关系代词，指代物，作宾语；who关系代词，指代人，作主语或宾语；that关系代词，指代人或，作主语或宾语。此处是定语从句，先行词young people指年轻人，介词of后接whom。故选A。 2．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个以亲切和耐心著称的老师，鼓励我们自信地解决问题。考查who引导非限制性定语从句。that指代人或物，作主语或宾语；who代指人，作主语或宾语；which代指物，作主语或宾语；whom指代人，只能作宾语。分析句子可知，空白处需填入关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰“the teacher ”，指代“人”，作主语；而根据“is well-known for his kindness and patience”空前有逗号可知，该从句为非限制性定语从句，that不可引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。 3．（22-23九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）There are many couples in the TV series, among ________ I like Sun Li and Deng Chao best. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：电视剧中有很多夫妻，其中我最喜欢孙俪和邓超。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是人many couples，关系词在从句中作介词among的宾语，用whom引导定语从句。故选A。 4．— Do you like the small red car  ________ is made in Shiyan? — Yes, it looks so cool! A．what B．when C．if D．which 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你喜欢这辆在十堰产的红色小汽车吗？  是的，它看起来很酷。考查定语从句。首先分析句子结构，本句中的"______ is made in Tianjin"在复合句中作定语从句，由于先行词 car为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，且指物，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which。故选D。 四、when引导非限制性定语从句 We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________the weather may be better. A．that B．where C．which D．when 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下周，那时候天气可能会好点儿。考查定语从句的关系副词。A. that关系代词，先行词为人或物；B. where关系副词，先行词为地点；C. which关系代词，先行词为物；D. when关系副词，先行词是时间。根据题干可知本句的先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主、宾、表，缺少时间状语，所以应用关系副词when；故答案选D。 五、where引导非限制性定语从句 1.Tom went to New York in 2000, ________ only two years later he became a millionaire. A．that B．where C．what D．when 【答案】B 【解析】句意：汤姆在2000年去了纽约，仅仅两年后他就成了百万富翁。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非限制性定语从句的引导词；先行词为“ New York ”，在从句中充当地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。 2．I walked in our garden, _________ a big sign ________ in one of the trees. A．which; was hung B．which; was hanged C．where; was hung D．where; was hanged 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我走在花园里，一棵树上挂着一块大牌子。考查定语从句和被动语态。分析句子可知，本句为含非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。先行词为garden，第一空在从句中作状语成分，所以应使用关系副词where；从句中主语big sign与谓语hang为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用被动语态“be+done”，hang的过去分词为hung，所以第二空填was hung。故选C。 题型二 语篇填空 （一） (2023河南中考节选)This museum is very interesting to the visitors are interested in the nation's written history. A very educational and interesting museum This museum is very interesting to the visitors 1. are interested in the nation's written history.There is a lot to see in the museum .Chinese characters usually have several different parts that work together to tell a story. giving the characters their meanings. 【答案】that/who 【解析】句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是the visitors,指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用that 或who。故填that/who。 （二） There is a treasure in my heart.It is a small,wooden music box 1. I received when I was a little kid.This box came from my grandparents 2. lived in the countryside.When my grandmother taught me how to paint,she usually opened the music box.The reason 3. she did it was that she thought music could make us more creative. I really miss the time I spent with my grandmother. 【答案】1.which/that 2.who/that 3.why 【解析】1.先行词wooden music box 指物，在从句中作宾语。故填which/that。 2.先行词my grandparents 指人，在从句中作主语。故填who/that。 3.此处需要关系副词来引导，表示“原因”。故填why。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题23定语从句（清单+专练） 目录 ★知识点1定语从句的构成 2 ★知识点2 定语从句关系词的用法 2 ★知识点3 定语从句中需注意的事项 3 ★知识点4 考点和题型 5 ★专项过关训练题 8 ★知识点1定语从句的构成 在主从复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词等的从句叫作定语从句，又称关系从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后，由关系词引导。 1.先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词一般出现在定语从句之前。 2.关系词 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。根据其在定语从句中的作用，又可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词或关系副词，不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且在从句中充当一定的成分。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾 语、表语、定语等，关系副词在从句中作状语。定语从句构成形式为“先行词+关系词+从句 ”。 关系代词 关系代词 The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting. Tina is a girl who always helps others. 先行词 定语从句 先行词 定语从句 ★知识点2 定语从句关系词的用法 1.关系代词的用法 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 that 人或物 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语(作宾语时that可省略) I have some photos that I took in Australia last year. 我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的照片。 (that作宾语) I prefer movies that give me something to think about. 我更喜欢让我思考的电影。(that作主语) which 物  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) The train which has just left is for Beijing. 刚开走的火车是驶往北京的。(which作主语) This is the book which he gave me. 这就是他给我的那本书。(which作宾语) who 人  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) He's the boy who won the English competition last year! 他是去年赢得英语比赛的男孩!(who在作主语) whom 人 在从句中作宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time with for the past three years. 与那些在过去三年间共度许多时光的人分离总是很难的。 whose 人或物  在从句中作定语 It's the school whose door is painted brown. 这就是那个门被漆成棕色的学校。(whose =the th school's) 口诀助记 ： 关系代词引定从，它们用法须分清；that可作主与宾，指人指物都能行；which 用来指代物，主语宾语都可充；who和 whom 只指人，作主作宾不相同；whose一词作用大，表人表物都能用。 2.关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 when 时间 在从句中作时间状语，可与 on/in/at/...+which互换 I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane. 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语，可与at /in...+which 互换 Tom wants to go to a place where he can calm down. 汤姆想去一个能让他平静的地方。 why 表示原因的名词 原因状语可与for which互换 Is this the reason why she refused our offer of help? 这就是她拒绝我们的帮助的理由吗? 易错警示： ①关系副词引导定语从句时只起状语的作用，既不能作动词的宾语，也不能作介词的宾语。 ②先行词表示时间时，若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则关系词不能用when。 ③先行词是the reason时，若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则关系词用that或which。 ★知识点 3 定语从句中需注意的事项 1.先行词指物时，只能用that而不用which的情况： 情况 示例 先行词是all,little,much, nothing,few, something,every- thing等不定代词时 It is something that you use to paint pictures. 它是你用来画画的一些东西。 先行词被the same,the only, the very,all, the last,the one(s),no等修饰 I want to read all the books that were written by Shakespeare. 我想读莎士比亚写的所有书。 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰 This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的书。 主句是以疑问词which或who开头的特殊疑问句 Which is the bike that you have lost? 你丢失的自行车是哪辆?  先行词既有人又有物 We talked about persons and things that we remembered in middle school. 我们谈论了我们在中学时记得的人和事情。 主句以here或there开头，且先行词指物时 Here is the pen that Mary have been looking for. 这是玛丽一直在找的那支笔。 2.关系词只用which不用that的情况 情况 例句  先行词本身是that What's that which is on the desk? 桌子上的东西是什么?  关系代词前面有介词且指物时 This is the room in which James once lived. 这是James曾经住过的房间。  引导非限制性定语从句 Crusoe's dog,which was very old now,became ill and died. Crusoe的狗现在很老了，生病死了。 3.关系词只用who不用that的情况 情况 例句 先行词是指人的不定代词时，如someone、anyone、one、all、nobody、no one等 I'll ask someone who likes comedy movies. 我会去问喜欢喜剧题材电影的人。  先行词为those且指人 Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here。 想去长城的人在这里报名。  主句为there be句型，且先行词指人 There are instructors who can show you how to you how to swimming. 有教练可以教你如何游泳。 先行词指人，且先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时 They were the first students who finished the homework. 他们是第一批完成作业的学生。 4.定语从句的主谓一致 情况 例句 关系代词在句中作主语，从句谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致。先行词是单数时，从句谓语动词用单数形式；先行词是复数时，从句谓语动词用复数形式 The students that laugh at the disabled are not good students. 嘲笑残疾人的学生不是好学生。( students指同学们，谓语动词用复数形式) Mr. Black, who is in the meeting room, is asking to see you. 布莱克先生要见你，他在会议室。(Mr. Black指一个人，谓语动词用单数形式) The Blacks, who are in the meeting room, are asking to see you. 布莱克夫妇要见你，他们在会议室。(The Blacks指夫妇，谓语动词用单数形式) 先行词为“one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式；先行词为“the (only/very /right) one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式 He is one of the students who were awarded. 他是当时受到奖励的学生之一。(受到奖励的学生不止一个，先行词是students) He is the only one of the students who was awarded. 他是当时唯一受到奖励的学生。(受到奖励的学生只有他一个，先行词是the only one) 5.关系代词的省略 一般情况下which 、whom作宾语时可以省略，但以下情况不能省略： 情况 例句  关系代词which、whom在从句中作介词的宾语且位于介词后面时 There are many ways in which Chinese people express their respect. 中国人表达敬意的方式有很多种。(which作介词in的宾语) 6.“介词+关系代词”的用法 (1)当定语从句中的介词位于关系代词前面，构成“介词+关系代词”结构时，该结构中的关系代词可用which、whose、whom,不可用that、who。介词的选用根据其在定语从句中与谓语动词的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句意来确定。 (2)关系代词whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如: That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. 那是我们住了十年的房间。 = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years. This is the policeman by whom I was saved.这就是救了我的那位警察。 The girl to whom he spoke was Mary. 和他说话的那个女孩是玛丽。 = The girl whom he spoke to was Mary. (3)像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如: This is the boy whom she has taken care of. 这就是她照顾过的男孩。 ★知识点4 考点和题型 考点1 定语从句的关系词辨析 考查题型 单项选择 Rome is an ancient city ___________is full of places of interest. A. where B. which C. who D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意:罗马是一座满是名胜古迹的古城。考查定语从句。先行词是物"an ancient city",关系词在从句中作主语，此处应用which引导定语从句。故选B。 步骤一：根据定语从句的构成，判定题目的句子所引导的从句为定语从句。 步骤二：做此类题目时，关键要找出先行词。首先，判断先行词指人还是指物，以及关系词在定语从句中所作的成分。注意根据关系词指人或物判断具体正确的答案。关系词的用法：who/that指人，作主语、宾语、which/that指物，作主语、宾语、表语、whom 指人，作宾语)、whose 作 名 词 的 定语,选用正确的关系词。 步骤三：判断题目是否存在属于特殊情况：先行词指物时， 只用that不用which 或只用which不用 that的情况。 考点2 定语从句的关系词填空 考查题型 语篇填空 根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的关系代词(that, who, which)补全对话，如果关系代词可以省略用括号表示。 A: I don't have many friends in this city. B: Haven't you met any people here? A: Of course. But the people   1 I've met here don't share my interests. I like reading and going for quiet walks. However, the people 2 work with me seem to like parties, watching TV, playing sports and going to restaurants. Their interests   3 they have are so different from mine. B: Your interests don't involve (涉及) other people. It's hard to do things with other people when your hobbies can be done alone. You should find some interests   4 you can do with other people, like tennis or dancing. A: The activities 5 involve other people cost money, and I don't have a lot of money. B: There are many parks in this city   6 have free tennis courts. In fact, there are a lot of things 7 are free or very cheap in this city. I can give you a list of free activities, if you want. A: Thanks. I'd love to have the list. 【答案】1．(that / who) 2．that / who 3．(that / which) 4．(that / which) 5．that / which 6．that / which 7．that / which 【解析】这是一组关于业余爱好和兴趣，以及有相同爱好的人的对话。 1．句意：这儿我遇到的人不能分享我的兴趣。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词 the people，所以引导词用that / who；故填（that / who） 2．句意：和我一起工作的人喜欢舞会、看电视、做运动和去餐馆。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词 the people，所以引导词用that / who；故填that / who 3．句意：他们有的兴趣和我的不同。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是Their interests，所以引导词用that/which；故填（that / which） 4．句意：你应该找到和其他人做的一些兴趣，像网球和跳舞。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是Their interests，所以引导词用that/which；故填（that / which） 5．句意：涉及其他人的活动花钱。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是The activities，所以引导词用that/which；故填that / which 6．句意：在这个城市里有许多免费网球场的公园。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是parks，所以引导词用that/which；故填that / which 7．句意：事实上，在这个城市里有许多是免费的或便宜的东西。这是定语从句结构，根据先行词是things，所以引导词用that/which；故填that / which. 步骤一：阅读题干，分析句子结构，确认句子是否考查定语从句。若是，则判断先行词指人还是指物，指人时用哪些关系代词，指物时用哪些关系代词。 步骤二：看设空处在从句中所作成分，若从句中缺少主语、宾语等主干成分，用关系代词；若从句中不缺少主干成分，用关系副词。 步骤三：判断是否属于特殊情况，确认先行词是否属于只能用that不能用which或只能用which不能用that的情况。选择正确选项，复读并验证答案。 ★专项过关训练题 题型一 单项选择 类型一 限制性定语从句 一、that引导限制性定语从句 1．（2025·广东江门·二模）You can never imagine what great trouble I had ________ the poor boy and the little dog ________ were seriously hurt. A．help; which B．to help; that C．helping; that D．helped; who 2．（2025·广东江门·二模）Mother was so angry at all ________ I was doing ________ she walked out. A．that; that B．what; that C．what; as D．that; which 3．（2025·四川成都·一模）The Ig Nobel Prizes were given to some funny studies ________ make people laugh, then think. A．that B．whose C．who 4．（2025·四川成都·一模）The singer is famous for his songs ________ express a strong feeling of missing hometown. A．who B．that C．whose 5．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 二、which引导限制性定语从句 1．（2025·四川成都·一模）—What are they talking about? —They’re talking about the AI robots ________ will make a big difference to the old people’s life. A．which B．when C．whose 2．（2025·四川成都·一模）The documentary ________ showed how the firefighter saved the lives really moved me. A．which B．who C．whose 3．（2025·山西运城·模拟预测）—Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? —Yes, we do. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 4．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The new expressway section in Anhui, ________ was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities. A．which B．who C．where D．when 5．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）This is the museum ______ we visited last year. A．where B．who C．which D．when 三、who引导限制性定语从句 1．（2025·四川泸州·一模）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．which B．when C．where D．who 2．（2025·福建泉州·一模）—During the Paris Olympic Games, the Chinese athletes won a total of 40 gold medals. —They are the role models in this new age ________ we should learn from. A．when B．who C．which 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）My favorite movie is Ne Zha (《哪吒》) by Jiao Zi ________ is one of the most famous film directors in China. A．which B．who C．whose 4．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher? —Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses. A．who B．which C．what D．where 5．（2024·四川成都·三模）Su Bingtian, a Chinese, is the first Asian sportsman __________ can finish running 100 meters in less than ten seconds A．who B．whom C．which 6．（2024·四川成都·三模）Those ________ do not prepare for their future will hardly succeed. A．who B．which C．whom 四、whom引导限制性定语从句 1．（23-24九年级上·甘肃天水·期末）The boy with ________ John is talking is my elder brother. A．whom B．who C．that D．which 2．（22-23八年级下·山东东营·期末）These new neighbors, to ________ I was introduced yesterday, have come here from Beijing. A．who B．whom C．that D．what 3．（2022·河北承德·模拟预测）I don’t know the girl to _________ you talked just now. A．which B．who C．whom D．what 4．（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）I wondered ________ when we were in dangerous situations. A．whom could we ask for help B．why could we ask for help C．what we could ask for help D．whom we could ask for help 5．（2022·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）—Do you know the pretty girl with ________ your neighbor is talking? —Of course. She is a classmate of ________. A．which; me B．who; my C．whom; mine 五、whose引导限制性定语从句 1．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Lily doesn’t know ________ she can do to help the little victim ________ parents both have died. A．that; whose B．what; whose C．what; whom D．how; whom 2．（22-23九年级上·江西宜春·期末）I love singers ________ songs are written by themselves. They are creative. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 3．（23-24九年级上·安徽淮南·期末）Do you know the book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Mary’s? A．which B．that C．who D．whose 4．（23-24九年级上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末）The book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Lily’s. A．that B．who C．whom D．whose 5. Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money. A．that; whose B．how; who C．what; who D．what; whose 六、多种定语从句关系词综合辨析 ★that引导宾语从句、who引导限制性定语从句、that引导限制性定语从句、which引导限制性定语从句 （2024·江苏·三模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause? A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films. B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday. C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon. D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. ★which引导限制性定语从句、who引导限制性定语从句 （2024·江苏泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days? —Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok. A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that ★who引导限制性定语从句、which引导限制性定语从句、whom引导限制性定语从句、what引导限制性定语从句 （23-24九年级上·吉林长春·期末）—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．which C．whom D．what ★who、whom、whose、whom引导限制性定语从句 （2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. I will never forget all the teachers and friends with ________ I spent four years. A．who B．whom C．whose 七、介词+关系代词引导限制性定语从句 1．（2024·四川遂宁·二模）Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 2．（2024·安徽蚌埠·模拟预测）Can you lend me the book ________ the other day? A．about which you talked B．which you talked C．about that you talked D．that you talked 3．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）A survey shows that the Secret Garden is the book on ________ most Chinese people spent money in the past year. A．which B．that C．what 4．（23-24九年级上·安徽宿州·期末）—What kind of city do you like? —I prefer the city in ________ the people are really kind and friendly. A．that B．which C．where D．what 5.— Do you know the boy with ________ Ms. Green is talking? — Oh, that’s Peter. He’s going to make a speech at our graduation party. A．that B．what C．whom 八、when引导限制性定语从句 1．（23-24九年级上·安徽淮南·期末）Tina won’t forget the moment ________ she saw her favorite singer. A．which B．that C．who D．when 2．（2024·黑龙江绥化·一模）October1, 1949 is the day ______ the PRC was founded. A．which B．when C．on that 3．（2023·四川成都·二模）How time flies! I’ll miss the days ________ we studied in middle school. A．that B．where C．when 4．（2023·全国·模拟预测）Do you still remember the time ________ we worked together in the small town? A．that B．which C．when D．who 九、where引导限制性定语从句 1．（2024·四川成都·二模）The old man missed the small village ________ he used to live. A．which B．that C．where 2．（2024·四川成都·二模）Xiao Wang, we will graduate from this school in about three months. I believe we will never forget this school ________ we have studied for three years. A．where B．which C．who 3．（2024·甘肃嘉峪关·模拟预测）The Ice Ribbon is the venue (场馆) ________ one of the Winter Olympic events took place. A．that B．/ C．where D．which 4．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Is there a restaurant around ________ I can have something to eat? —Yes, there is a Chinese restaurant near here. A．which B．that C．where 5. On the top of the hill ________ the old man once lived. A．a temple stands there in which B．a temple standing on which C．does a temple stand where D．stands a temple where 十、why引导限制性定语从句 1．（2024·西藏日喀则·一模）I didn’t know the reasons________ A．how the war happens between Israeli—Palestinian. B．how did the war happen between Israeli—Palestinian. C．why the war happened between Israeli—Palestinian. D．why was the war happened between Israeli—Palestinian. 2．（2022·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）The reason ________ he didn’t come was ________ he was ill. A．why; that B．that; why C．for that; that 3．— Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? — Yes, I am still wondering________. A．whether you like the book B．how many people there are in the room C．why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D．whose handwriting is the best in our class 类型二 引导非限制性定语从句 一、which引导非限制性定语从句 1．（2022·四川达州·一模）He seems not to have grasped ________ I meant, ________ greatly upsets me. A．what; who B．that; that C．what; which D．how; which 2．（2022·云南昭通·二模）Do you know the city, Kunming, __________ is the capital city of Yunan? A．where B．which C．who D．whose 二、as引导非限制性定语从句 1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A．Which B．When C．What D．As 2．（2023·江苏无锡·一模）—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 三、包含关系词that、which、who、whom的非限制性定语从句 1．（2025·广东江门·二模）Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A．whom B．which C．who D．that 2．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 3．（22-23九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）There are many couples in the TV series, among ________ I like Sun Li and Deng Chao best. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 4．— Do you like the small red car  ________ is made in Shiyan? — Yes, it looks so cool! A．what B．when C．if D．which 四、when引导非限制性定语从句 We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________the weather may be better. A．that B．where C．which D．when 五、where引导非限制性定语从句 1.Tom went to New York in 2000, ________ only two years later he became a millionaire. A．that B．where C．what D．when 2．I walked in our garden, _________ a big sign ________ in one of the trees. A．which; was hung B．which; was hanged C．where; was hung D．where; was hanged 题型二 语篇填空 （一） (2023河南中考节选)This museum is very interesting to the visitors are interested in the nation's written history. A very educational and interesting museum This museum is very interesting to the visitors 1. are interested in the nation's written history.There is a lot to see in the museum .Chinese characters usually have several different parts that work together to tell a story. giving the characters their meanings. （二） There is a treasure in my heart.It is a small,wooden music box 1. I received when I was a little kid.This box came from my grandparents 2. lived in the countryside.When my grandmother taught me how to paint,she usually opened the music box.The reason 3. she did it was that she thought music could make us more creative. I really miss the time I spent with my grandmother. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$