Unit 5 Animal friends（知识清单）英语新教材译林版七年级下册

Unit 5 Animal friends 话题 Animal friends 词汇 butterfly ，bee ，taste ，awake ，lift ，times ，weight ，bite ，fight ，forget ，lonely ，sound ，alone ，touch ，afraid 短语 an animal friend,the importance of,be awake at night,eat up,take in air ,less than,up to three years,what else,run after,look after ,forget to do,forget doing,be careful with,make sb do,stay at home alone,feel lonely,take sb out for a walk 句型 1.Learn how amazing animals are! 2.They find their way by listening. 3.They take in air through the holes on both sides of their body. 4.Each of them makes less than one gram of honey in its life. 5.What fun facts about animals do you know ? 6.What animals do people keep as pets in your neighbourhood? 7.When I’m lonely, she’s always there. 8.I never forget to play with her when I have time. 语法 形容词 写作 介绍宠物 考点1 They taste things with their feet. (教材P57) taste /teɪst/ v.尝,品;吃,喝 You can taste the chicken soup and see if it is salty enough.你可以尝尝鸡汤， 看看是否够咸 [名词] 品尝; 味道,滋味 Jo had her first taste of Anhui cuisine (Huicai)during her travel in Huangshan.在黄山旅行期间, 乔第一次尝到了徽菜。 taste of 体验；有…味道 good taste 高品味；味道纯正 in taste 得体的，大方的；高雅的，有礼的 have a taste 尝一尝；品尝一下 【语境串记】 The cook (v.尝) the soup. Wow! It (v.尝起来) delicious. It has a good (n.味道) .厨师尝了尝汤。哇！它尝起来很美味。它的味道很好 考点2 They are awake at night and can eat up to 1,200 insects in an hour. (教材P57) awake /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着 讲 [形容词] 可作表语或宾语补足语，不可位于名词前作定语。 be wide awake毫无睡意 拓展wake [动词] 醒; 唤醒 wake up醒来; 唤醒 Many hours later, they begin to wake up.许多小时之后， 它们开始醒来. up to 达到 (某数量、程度等) ,至多有 讲后常跟数词。live up to表示“活到…… (岁) ”。 拓展be up to sb.是……的职责; 由……决定 Mom, which club should I choose, the art club or the science club? 妈妈, 我应该选择哪个俱乐部, 美术俱乐部还是科学俱乐部? It's up to you. Just follow your heart. 你自己决定吧。遵从你的内心就好 考点3 They can lift things 50 times their own weight. (教材P57) lift /lɪft/ v.举起 讲 相当于 lift up。 The suitcase is so heavy that she can't lift it up.这个手提箱太重了，她提不起来 拓展lift的其他用法： [可数名词] 电梯 take the lift乘电梯 His office is on the 24th floor. We’ d better take the lift.他的办公室在24楼。我们最好乘电梯。 [可数名 词] 搭便车 give sb.a lift让某人搭便车 Can you give me a lift after work?下班后我能搭你的车吗? weight /weɪt/ n.重量 (1) 作可数名词和不可数名词均可。 weigh vt. & vi. 称…的重量 link v. 重达 vt. 权衡；考虑 lose weight v. 减肥；体重减轻 weight loss 失重；重量减轻 【语境串记】 Lisa is trying to . But I think she should , because she is so thin that she can't bear a small package. 莉萨正在努力减肥。但是我认为她应该增肥， 因为她太瘦了， 以至于承受不了一个小包裹的重量. 拓展weigh [动词] 有……重; 称重量 The baby elephant weighs 230 pounds.这头小象重230磅。 Do you know the story of Cao Chong Weighs the Elephant? 你知道《曹冲称象》的故事吗? 考点4.They take in air through the holes on both sides of their body.(教材P57) through prep.穿过, 通过 词组look through表示“查看，浏览”。 I saw it through the window.我透过窗户看见了它。 考点辨析 cross，across，through，over （1）cross是动词“（从表面）穿过，越过，渡过”，可直接接宾语。 They crossed the road.他们穿过了马路。 （2）across指从这边到那边“通过，横过”，含义与on有关，动词 walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross，常和street，bridge，river等连用。 We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。 （3）through“穿过，通过”，强调从内部“穿过”，含义与in有关，如：穿过森林、城市、窗户等。 The thief got in through the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。 （4）over越过….指从上方跨过。 The girl can't jump over the pole.这个女孩跳不过这横竿。 考题预测 The smell of the roses in the yard comes in the open window, making us feel in good mood（心情）. A. across B. below C. over D. through 考点5 And doesn’t like fights. (教材P58) fight /faɪt/ n. & v.打架 →过去式为 fought 用法分析 fight做动词“争吵；打架；战斗”，名词“打架；争吵”，词组 have a fight with sb.表示“和某人争吵/打架”。 他们为什么打架？What do they fight for？ 不要和你的朋友们吵架。Don't have a fight with your friends. 固定搭配 fight的固定搭配 fight over fight against... fight with fight for 考点6And I’ ll look after him till the end. (教材P58) look after照料 look after= take care of look after... well好好照顾 拓 look 的相关短语还有： look at look after look like look for look out look the same look up 中考链接 the map and tell me where Shanghai is. A.Look around B.Look like C.Look at D.Look out 考点7 ①When I'm lonely, she's always there. (教材P58) ②He doesn't like to stay at home alone... (教材P60) lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj.孤独的 alone /əˈləʊn/ adj. & adv. 独自;单独 辨 lonely与 alone lonely 形容词 “孤独的； 寂寞的”， 指情感上的孤独， 带有伤感的色彩。 “荒凉的； 偏僻的”， 只用于名词前作定语。 alone 副词 “独自； 单独”， 相当于 by oneself。 强调独自一人的客观情况，不含感情色彩。 形容词 “独处的； 独自的”， 常用作表语。 【语境串记】 Although I am travelling in the desert,I don't feel because I enjoy being .虽然我独自一人在荒凉的沙漠中旅行，但我并不感到孤独，因为我喜欢独处。 考点8.She is usually friendly, but be careful with your hands... (教材P60) careful adj.小心的;细致的;慎重的 反义词为 careless“粗心的, 不小心的”。 care的相关词: 【语境串记】 Tom is a boy, and he always does his homework very . He didn't pass the exam because of his . The teacher told him that he must be when studying.汤姆是个粗心的男孩，他做作业总是很粗心。 由于粗心， 他没有通过考试。老师告诉他学习时一定要细心 典例 根据首字母提示填写单词。 Be more ! A miss is as good as a mile. 考点9.①He is very quiet and seldom makes any sound.(教材P60) ②He seldom makes loud noises and he is always happy to see me. (教材P66) sound /saʊnd/ n.声音 noise /nɔɪz/ n.声音, 噪声 辨析sound, noise与 voice sound noise voice 【语境串记】 There was a loud outside the classroom, so the physics teacher had to raise his , “Light travels much faster than .”教室外面噪声很大,因此物理老师不得不提高嗓门说：“光比声音传播得快得多。” 考点10.— May I touch your goldfish? — Sorry, I'm afraid you can't.(教材P62) touch/tʌtʃ/ v. & n. 触摸, 碰 Don't touch that plate — it's hot!别碰那个盘子,烫手! 拓展(1) [及物动词] 感动； 触动 touch sb.’ s heart触动某人的内心 (2[名词] 联系 be/ get/ keep in touch with与…有/取得/保持联系 lose touch with与……失去联系 Nowadays, people of all ages keep in touch with their relatives and friends by WeChat.现在, 各个年龄段的人都通过微信和他们的亲戚、朋友保持联系。 — Look! The baby likes you. — Well, sometimes a baby just needs a gentle and lots of smiles. A. fight B. skill C. touch D. blanket afraid /ə'freɪd/ adj. 担心; 害怕, 恐惧 [形容词] 常作表语。 含 afraid的短语 be afraid to do sth. 害怕/不敢去做某事 be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人或某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕/担心做某事 The girl is afraid to go out at night.这位女孩害怕晚上出去。 Are you afraid of snakes？你害怕蛇吗？ Don't be afraid of making mistakes.别害怕出错。 考点拓展（1）I'm afraid not.意为“我恐怕不能”，是拒绝邀请的委婉表达。I'm afraid so.恐怕是这样的，表示肯定。 —Can you come tonight？今晚你能来吗？ —I'm afraid not.恐怕不能。 —Is it going to rain tomorrow？明天会下雨吗？ —I'm afraid so.恐怕要下雨。 （2）be afraid+that从句，表示“担心……；恐怕……” He is afraid that she will not come.他担心她不会来。 中考链接 —Would you like to watch the movie Dangal（《摔跤吧，爸爸》） after school？ — .I have to look after my sister. A.Enjoy yourself B.No problem C.I'm afraid not D.It takes no time 考点11.Radar allows ships to“see” things around them and travel safely. (教材P64) allow /əˈlaʊ/ v.使可能;允许 allow sb. to do sth.使某人有可能做某事; 允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Their parents don't allow them (swim) in the river because it's really dangerous safely /ˈseɪfli/ adv.安全地 【语境串记】 To keep yourself , you'd better not travel alone. It's . Nothing is more important than your and health. You should return home .为了自身安全, 你最好不要单独旅游。那不安全。没有什么比你的安全和健康更重要。你应该安全地返回家. 考点12.They cheer us up when we feel sad. (教材P65) cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ v.鼓舞;欢呼,加油 The good news cheered us all.这个好消息使我们所有人备受鼓舞 The audience cheered him wildly.观众拼命为他加油。(及物动词) (3) cheer (sb.) up (使) 变得高兴,振奋起来 cheer sb. on (在比赛中) 为某人加油, 为某人打气 Cheer up, Henry. I am here to help you. 振作起来,亨利。我是来帮你的。 If you train and work hard, I promise to wait for you next year and cheer you on.如果你努力训练和学习, 我保证明年会等你，给你加油。 拓展[可数名词] 欢呼声； 喝彩声 Let's give a cheer to the winner.让我们为获胜者欢呼吧。 典例 根据汉语提示完成句子。 Orange represents joy. It can (让你振奋起来) when you are feeling sad 考点13.Also, some animals can be very useful, like dogs.(教材P65) 用法分析 useful是形容词，意为“有用的，有益的”，在句中做定语或表语。 它们是有用的字典。They are useful dictionaries. 这本书很有用。The book is useful. 注意 useful的发音以辅音音素开头，当与不定冠词连用时，应用a。 This is a useful lesson.这是一个有用的教训。 考点拓展 useful是由“动词use+-ful（形容词后缀）”构成的，类似的词还有helpful,thankful,careful,hopeful等。 中考链接 —What useful book it is！ —Yeah,it tells you how to play the guitar. A.an B.a C.the D./ 考点14.They' re smart and can even help people save lives.(教材P65) 用法分析 save v.挽救；救。 医生竭力挽救她的生命。The doctor tried to save her life. 考点拓展save做动词，还意为“保存；储存；节约；节省”。 We are saving（up）for a new house.我们正在存钱准备买一所新房子。 We should try to save water.我们应该设法节约用水。 固定搭配 save的固定搭配 save money 省钱；攒钱 save one's life 挽救某人的生命 save oneself 自救；拯救自已 中考链接 The high-speed train will you about two hours from Rizhao to Jinan. A.save B.pay C.use D.spend 考点15.Animals and humans have a special relationship, and we should respect and care for all living things.(教材P65) care for照料 相当于 look after或 take care of。 Parents, schools and communities can do a lot to care for and help young people.家长、学校和社区可以做很多事情来照顾和帮助年轻人 拓展(1) care for还可意为“喜欢”。 He doesn't care for classical music.他不喜欢古典音乐。 (2) 与 care相关的其他短语: 考点16.I have a pet guinea pig named Teddy.(教材P66) 过去分词短语作后置定语 句中的 named(相当于 called) Teddy为过去分词短语, 在句中作后置定语, 修饰前面的名词 pet guinea pig过去分词短语作定语修饰名词时，通常放在名词的后面 The boy named/ called Tony is my cousin.那个叫托尼的男孩是我的堂弟。 I borrowed a book written by Mark Twain from the library.我从图书馆借了一本马克·吐温写的书。 考点17.He seldom makes loud noises and he is always happy to see me.(教材P66) loud /laʊd/ adj.大声的 adv.响亮地, 大声地 辨 loud与 loudly loud 形容词 侧重表示“声音响亮”，常在句中作表语或定语。 副词 常用在动词 talk、 speak、 shout、 laugh等后。 loudly 副词 由“loud (adj.响亮的; 大声的) +-ly”构成。强调 声音高， 有时与 loud通用，但更具“喧闹”之意。 One morning, while we were fishing, we heard a loud noise.一天早上， 当我们正在钓鱼时， 我们听到一声巨响。 Don't speak loudly/ loud. It's polite to keep your voice down in public.不要大声喧哗。在公共场合轻声说话是有礼貌的 1． 语法精讲 形容词 考向1 形容词作定语 形容词作定语，常用于所修饰的名词或代词之前。 This is a beautiful flower.这是一朵漂亮的花。 I have a small house. I want to buy a big one.我有一套小房子。我想买一套大的 【特别提醒】 当形容词修饰复合不定代词 something、anything、nothing等时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。 There is in the newspaper.报纸上有些有趣的事情。 考向2 形容词作表语 形容词作表语, 常位于系动词 (be、look、sound、 get、 turn、 become等) 之后, 说明主语的情况。 My father is busy.我爸爸很忙。 The apples taste very sweet.这些苹果尝起来很甜. 考向3 形容词作宾语补足语 形容词作宾语补足语，常位于宾语之后，说明宾语的性质、特点等。 We must keep the classroom clean and tidy.我们必须保持教室干净、整洁. 考向4 形容词作状语 形容词作状语，说明主语的情况，通常表示原因、结果或方式。 The children came back, hungry and tired.孩子们回来了， 又饿又累。 拓展“the+形容词”表示一类人，相当于名词，可以作主语或宾语。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The young should respect the old.年轻人应该尊敬老人。 典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 It is (care) of you to make the same mistake again in the exam. 情态动词 can、could和 may 语法精讲 考向1 can和 could的用法 用来谈论主语所具 备的能力， 意为 “能; 会”。 can表示主语现在所具备的能力， 常与表示现在的时间状语用。 Millie can play the piano.米莉会弹钢琴。 could表示主语过去所具备的能力， 常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 Could you speak English at six? 你六岁时会说英语吗? 表示请求许可， 意为“可以”。 表示请求对方允许时两者均可用， 此时 could并不表示过去,而是表示一种更委婉的语气。 could只用于 一般疑问句， 回答应用 can, 不用 could。 — Could/ Can I use your bike? 我可以用你的自行车吗?— Yes, of course you can./ Sorry, you can't. 好的, 当然可以。/对不起， 你不可以。 表示对现在 或将来的推 测， 意为 “可能; 会”。 can常用于否定句中, cannot (can't)表示“不可能”。 The jacket can't be Tom’ s. 这件夹克衫不可能是汤姆的。 could可用于肯定句和否定句中。 You could be right, but I don't think you are. 你可能是对的,但我认为你是错的。 考向2 may的用法 ①may是情态动词，可表示请求许可或征求同意，比较正式。②对含 may的一般疑问句作答时，肯定回答常用“Yes，主语+ can.”或“Yes, please/ of course.”; 否定回答常用“No, 主语+ can't.” 或“Sorry, I'm afraid you can't.” — Yes, you can./ No, you can't. 好的, 你可以。/不， 你不可以。 — Yes, you can./ No, you can't. 好的, 你可以。/不， 你不可以。 ①may也可表示推测， 其过去式为 might。 ②might也可用作情态动词, 表示推测, 但 might表示的可能性比 may小一些。 He said that he might be free that afternoon.他说他那天下午可能有空。 He may/ might be ill today. 他今天或许是病了。 have to ①常强调客观需要，多译为“不得不”； ②有时态、人称和数的变化， 其一般现在时的第 三人称单数形式为 has to, 过去式为 had to。 Have to的否定形式为 don't have to, 表示“不必”。 must ①常表示说话人的主观看法， 多译为“必须”； ②没有时态、人称和数的变化。 must的否定形式为 mustn't, 表示“禁止, 不准”。 二．写作精讲 本单元围绕“动物朋友”这一话题展开，谈论了我们身边的动物朋友， 以及如何更好地照顾它们。与此相关的写作通常有：①介绍自己的宠物； ②介绍某一种动物；③说明某一动物的现状并呼吁保护动物 在具体介绍自己的宠物朋友时，通常包含以下要点：①宠物的外貌和习性； ②宠物的特殊之处； ③你和宠物之间的关系和情感等。写作时常以第三人称和一般现在时为主 思路导引： 开头句 My favourite pet is ... 我最喜欢的宠物是…… I love my ... very much. 我非常喜欢我的…… My pet is a ... named ... 我的宠物是一个叫……的…… 中间句 1.与外貌有关 He has a short tail, four short legs, a small head and a hard shell.它有一条短尾巴、四条短腿、一 个小脑袋和一个硬壳。 2.与习性有关 He likes sleeping in ... all the time.它喜欢一直睡在……里。 He loves to eat ...but doesn’t like eating ... 它喜欢吃……但是不喜欢吃…… 3.与特性有关 He is always very friendly/quiet/noisy.它总是很友好/安静/吵闹。 He makes me feel happy every day.它使我每天都感到开心。 It’s easy to look after him.它很容易照顾。 It’s much fun to play with him.和它玩很有趣。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Animal friends 话题 Animal friends 词汇 butterfly ，bee ，taste ，awake ，lift ，times ，weight ，bite ，fight ，forget ，lonely ，sound ，alone ，touch ，afraid 短语 an animal friend,the importance of,be awake at night,eat up,take in air ,less than,up to three years,what else,run after,look after ,forget to do,forget doing,be careful with,make sb do,stay at home alone,feel lonely,take sb out for a walk 句型 1.Learn how amazing animals are! 2.They find their way by listening. 3.They take in air through the holes on both sides of their body. 4.Each of them makes less than one gram of honey in its life. 5.What fun facts about animals do you know ? 6.What animals do people keep as pets in your neighbourhood? 7.When I’m lonely, she’s always there. 8.I never forget to play with her when I have time. 语法 形容词 写作 介绍宠物 考点1 They taste things with their feet. (教材P57) taste /teɪst/ v.尝,品;吃,喝 You can taste the chicken soup and see if it is salty enough.你可以尝尝鸡汤， 看看是否够咸 [名词] 品尝; 味道,滋味 Jo had her first taste of Anhui cuisine (Huicai)during her travel in Huangshan.在黄山旅行期间, 乔第一次尝到了徽菜。 taste of 体验；有…味道 good taste 高品味；味道纯正 in taste 得体的，大方的；高雅的，有礼的 have a taste 尝一尝；品尝一下 【语境串记】 The cook tastes (v.尝) the soup. Wow! It tastes(v.尝起来) delicious. It has a good taste (n.味道) .厨师尝了尝汤。哇！它尝起来很美味。它的味道很好 考点2 They are awake at night and can eat up to 1,200 insects in an hour. (教材P57) awake /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着 讲 [形容词] 可作表语或宾语补足语，不可位于名词前作定语。 be wide awake毫无睡意 拓展wake [动词] 醒; 唤醒 wake up醒来; 唤醒 Many hours later, they begin to wake up.许多小时之后， 它们开始醒来. up to 达到 (某数量、程度等) ,至多有 讲后常跟数词。live up to表示“活到…… (岁) ”。 拓展be up to sb.是……的职责; 由……决定 Mom, which club should I choose, the art club or the science club? 妈妈, 我应该选择哪个俱乐部, 美术俱乐部还是科学俱乐部? It's up to you. Just follow your heart. 你自己决定吧。遵从你的内心就好 考点3 They can lift things 50 times their own weight. (教材P57) lift /lɪft/ v.举起 讲 相当于 lift up。 The suitcase is so heavy that she can't lift it up.这个手提箱太重了，她提不起来 拓展lift的其他用法： [可数名词] 电梯 take the lift乘电梯 His office is on the 24th floor. We’ d better take the lift.他的办公室在24楼。我们最好乘电梯。 [可数名 词] 搭便车 give sb.a lift让某人搭便车 Can you give me a lift after work?下班后我能搭你的车吗? weight /weɪt/ n.重量 (1) 作可数名词和不可数名词均可。 weigh vt. & vi. 称…的重量 link v. 重达 vt. 权衡；考虑 lose weight v. 减肥；体重减轻 weight loss 失重；重量减轻 【语境串记】 Lisa is trying to lose weight. But I think she should put on weight, because she is so thin that she can't bear the weight of a small package. 莉萨正在努力减肥。但是我认为她应该增肥， 因为她太瘦了， 以至于承受不了一个小包裹的重量. 拓展weigh [动词] 有……重; 称重量 The baby elephant weighs 230 pounds.这头小象重230磅。 Do you know the story of Cao Chong Weighs the Elephant? 你知道《曹冲称象》的故事吗? 考点4.They take in air through the holes on both sides of their body.(教材P57) through prep.穿过, 通过 词组look through表示“查看，浏览”。 I saw it through the window.我透过窗户看见了它。 考点辨析 cross，across，through，over （1）cross是动词“（从表面）穿过，越过，渡过”，可直接接宾语。 They crossed the road.他们穿过了马路。 （2）across指从这边到那边“通过，横过”，含义与on有关，动词 walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross，常和street，bridge，river等连用。 We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。 （3）through“穿过，通过”，强调从内部“穿过”，含义与in有关，如：穿过森林、城市、窗户等。 The thief got in through the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。 （4）over越过….指从上方跨过。 The girl can't jump over the pole.这个女孩跳不过这横竿。 考题预测 The smell of the roses in the yard comes in ___D___ the open window, making us feel in good mood（心情）. A. across B. below C. over D. through 考点5 And doesn’t like fights. (教材P58) fight /faɪt/ n. & v.打架 →过去式为 fought 用法分析 fight做动词“争吵；打架；战斗”，名词“打架；争吵”，词组 have a fight with sb.表示“和某人争吵/打架”。 他们为什么打架？What do they fight for？ 不要和你的朋友们吵架。Don't have a fight with your friends. 固定搭配 fight的固定搭配 fight over 为……而争吵/争斗 fight against... 为反对……而斗争 fight with 同……并肩战斗，与……打架 fight for 为……而战 考点6And I’ ll look after him till the end. (教材P58) look after照料 look after= take care of look after... well好好照顾 拓 look 的相关短语还有： look at看…… look after照顾，照看 look like看起来像 look for寻找 look out当心，小心 look the same看起来一样 look up查阅 中考链接 ___C___the map and tell me where Shanghai is. A.Look around B.Look like C.Look at D.Look out 考点7 ①When I'm lonely, she's always there. (教材P58) ②He doesn't like to stay at home alone... (教材P60) lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj.孤独的 alone /əˈləʊn/ adj. & adv. 独自;单独 辨 lonely与 alone lonely 形容词 “孤独的； 寂寞的”， 指情感上的孤独， 带有伤感的色彩。 “荒凉的； 偏僻的”， 只用于名词前作定语。 alone 副词 “独自； 单独”， 相当于 by oneself。 强调独自一人的客观情况，不含感情色彩。 形容词 “独处的； 独自的”， 常用作表语。 【语境串记】 Although I am travelling alone in the lonely desert,I don't feel lonely because I enjoy being alone.虽然我独自一人在荒凉的沙漠中旅行，但我并不感到孤独，因为我喜欢独处。 考点8.She is usually friendly, but be careful with your hands... (教材P60) careful adj.小心的;细致的;慎重的 反义词为 careless“粗心的, 不小心的”。 care的相关词: 【语境串记】 Tom is a careless boy, and he always does his homework very carelessly. He didn't pass the exam because of his carelessness. The teacher told him that he must be careful when studying.汤姆是个粗心的男孩，他做作业总是很粗心。 由于粗心， 他没有通过考试。老师告诉他学习时一定要细心 典例 根据首字母提示填写单词。 Be more careful ! A miss is as good as a mile. 考点9.①He is very quiet and seldom makes any sound.(教材P60) ②He seldom makes loud noises and he is always happy to see me. (教材P66) sound /saʊnd/ n.声音 noise /nɔɪz/ n.声音, 噪声 辨析sound, noise与 voice sound 泛指自然界的各种声音。 noise 多指不悦耳的“噪声， 喧闹声”等。 voice 指人的声音， 如嗓音、说话声、歌唱声。 【语境串记】 There was a loud noise outside the classroom, so the physics teacher had to raise his voice, “Light travels much faster than sound.”教室外面噪声很大,因此物理老师不得不提高嗓门说：“光比声音传播得快得多。” 考点10.— May I touch your goldfish? — Sorry, I'm afraid you can't.(教材P62) touch/tʌtʃ/ v. & n. 触摸, 碰 Don't touch that plate — it's hot!别碰那个盘子,烫手! 拓展(1) [及物动词] 感动； 触动 touch sb.’ s heart触动某人的内心 (2[名词] 联系 be/ get/ keep in touch with与…有/取得/保持联系 lose touch with与……失去联系 Nowadays, people of all ages keep in touch with their relatives and friends by WeChat.现在, 各个年龄段的人都通过微信和他们的亲戚、朋友保持联系。 — Look! The baby likes you. — Well, sometimes a baby just needs a gentle and lots of smiles. A. fight B. skill C. touch D. blanket afraid /ə'freɪd/ adj. 担心; 害怕, 恐惧 [形容词] 常作表语。 含 afraid的短语 be afraid to do sth. 害怕/不敢去做某事 be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人或某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕/担心做某事 The girl is afraid to go out at night.这位女孩害怕晚上出去。 Are you afraid of snakes？你害怕蛇吗？ Don't be afraid of making mistakes.别害怕出错。 考点拓展（1）I'm afraid not.意为“我恐怕不能”，是拒绝邀请的委婉表达。I'm afraid so.恐怕是这样的，表示肯定。 —Can you come tonight？今晚你能来吗？ —I'm afraid not.恐怕不能。 —Is it going to rain tomorrow？明天会下雨吗？ —I'm afraid so.恐怕要下雨。 （2）be afraid+that从句，表示“担心……；恐怕……” He is afraid that she will not come.他担心她不会来。 中考链接 —Would you like to watch the movie Dangal（《摔跤吧，爸爸》） after school？ —___C___.I have to look after my sister. A.Enjoy yourself B.No problem C.I'm afraid not D.It takes no time 考点11.Radar allows ships to“see” things around them and travel safely. (教材P64) allow /əˈlaʊ/ v.使可能;允许 allow sb. to do sth.使某人有可能做某事; 允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Their parents don't allow them to swim (swim) in the river because it's really dangerous safely /ˈseɪfli/ adv.安全地 【语境串记】 To keep yourself safe, you'd better not travel alone. It's unsafe. Nothing is more important than your safety and health. You should return home safely.为了自身安全, 你最好不要单独旅游。那不安全。没有什么比你的安全和健康更重要。你应该安全地返回家. 考点12.They cheer us up when we feel sad. (教材P65) cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ v.鼓舞;欢呼,加油 The good news cheered us all.这个好消息使我们所有人备受鼓舞 The audience cheered him wildly.观众拼命为他加油。(及物动词) (3) cheer (sb.) up (使) 变得高兴,振奋起来 cheer sb. on (在比赛中) 为某人加油, 为某人打气 Cheer up, Henry. I am here to help you. 振作起来,亨利。我是来帮你的。 If you train and work hard, I promise to wait for you next year and cheer you on.如果你努力训练和学习, 我保证明年会等你，给你加油。 拓展[可数名词] 欢呼声； 喝彩声 Let's give a cheer to the winner.让我们为获胜者欢呼吧。 典例 根据汉语提示完成句子。 Orange represents joy. It can cheer you up (让你振奋起来) when you are feeling sad 考点13.Also, some animals can be very useful, like dogs.(教材P65) 用法分析 useful是形容词，意为“有用的，有益的”，在句中做定语或表语。 它们是有用的字典。They are useful dictionaries. 这本书很有用。The book is useful. 注意 useful的发音以辅音音素开头，当与不定冠词连用时，应用a。 This is a useful lesson.这是一个有用的教训。 考点拓展 useful是由“动词use+-ful（形容词后缀）”构成的，类似的词还有helpful,thankful,careful,hopeful等。 中考链接 —What___B___ useful book it is！ —Yeah,it tells you how to play the guitar. A.an B.a C.the D./ 考点14.They' re smart and can even help people save lives.(教材P65) 用法分析 save v.挽救；救。 医生竭力挽救她的生命。The doctor tried to save her life. 考点拓展save做动词，还意为“保存；储存；节约；节省”。 We are saving（up）for a new house.我们正在存钱准备买一所新房子。 We should try to save water.我们应该设法节约用水。 固定搭配 save的固定搭配 save money 省钱；攒钱 save one's life 挽救某人的生命 save oneself 自救；拯救自已 中考链接 The high-speed train will___A___ you about two hours from Rizhao to Jinan. A.save B.pay C.use D.spend 考点15.Animals and humans have a special relationship, and we should respect and care for all living things.(教材P65) care for照料 相当于 look after或 take care of。 Parents, schools and communities can do a lot to care for and help young people.家长、学校和社区可以做很多事情来照顾和帮助年轻人 拓展(1) care for还可意为“喜欢”。 He doesn't care for classical music.他不喜欢古典音乐。 (2) 与 care相关的其他短语: 考点16.I have a pet guinea pig named Teddy.(教材P66) 过去分词短语作后置定语 句中的 named(相当于 called) Teddy为过去分词短语, 在句中作后置定语, 修饰前面的名词 pet guinea pig过去分词短语作定语修饰名词时，通常放在名词的后面 The boy named/ called Tony is my cousin.那个叫托尼的男孩是我的堂弟。 I borrowed a book written by Mark Twain from the library.我从图书馆借了一本马克·吐温写的书。 考点17.He seldom makes loud noises and he is always happy to see me.(教材P66) loud /laʊd/ adj.大声的 adv.响亮地, 大声地 辨 loud与 loudly loud 形容词 侧重表示“声音响亮”，常在句中作表语或定语。 副词 常用在动词 talk、 speak、 shout、 laugh等后。 loudly 副词 由“loud (adj.响亮的; 大声的) +-ly”构成。强调 声音高， 有时与 loud通用，但更具“喧闹”之意。 One morning, while we were fishing, we heard a loud noise.一天早上， 当我们正在钓鱼时， 我们听到一声巨响。 Don't speak loudly/ loud. It's polite to keep your voice down in public.不要大声喧哗。在公共场合轻声说话是有礼貌的 1． 语法精讲 形容词 考向1 形容词作定语 形容词作定语，常用于所修饰的名词或代词之前。 This is a beautiful flower.这是一朵漂亮的花。 I have a small house. I want to buy a big one.我有一套小房子。我想买一套大的 【特别提醒】 当形容词修饰复合不定代词 something、anything、nothing等时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。 There is something interesting in the newspaper.报纸上有些有趣的事情。 考向2 形容词作表语 形容词作表语, 常位于系动词 (be、look、sound、 get、 turn、 become等) 之后, 说明主语的情况。 My father is busy.我爸爸很忙。 The apples taste very sweet.这些苹果尝起来很甜. 考向3 形容词作宾语补足语 形容词作宾语补足语，常位于宾语之后，说明宾语的性质、特点等。 We must keep the classroom clean and tidy.我们必须保持教室干净、整洁. 考向4 形容词作状语 形容词作状语，说明主语的情况，通常表示原因、结果或方式。 The children came back, hungry and tired.孩子们回来了， 又饿又累。 拓展“the+形容词”表示一类人，相当于名词，可以作主语或宾语。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The young should respect the old.年轻人应该尊敬老人。 典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 It is careless (care) of you to make the same mistake again in the exam. [解析] 根据“make the same mistake again”可知, 是“太粗心了”, 故填 careless“粗心的” 情态动词 can、could和 may 语法精讲 考向1 can和 could的用法 用来谈论主语所具 备的能力， 意为 “能; 会”。 can表示主语现在所具备的能力， 常与表示现在的时间状语用。 Millie can play the piano.米莉会弹钢琴。 could表示主语过去所具备的能力， 常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 Could you speak English at six? 你六岁时会说英语吗? 表示请求许可， 意为“可以”。 表示请求对方允许时两者均可用， 此时 could并不表示过去,而是表示一种更委婉的语气。 could只用于 一般疑问句， 回答应用 can, 不用 could。 — Could/ Can I use your bike? 我可以用你的自行车吗?— Yes, of course you can./ Sorry, you can't. 好的, 当然可以。/对不起， 你不可以。 表示对现在 或将来的推 测， 意为 “可能; 会”。 can常用于否定句中, cannot (can't)表示“不可能”。 The jacket can't be Tom’ s. 这件夹克衫不可能是汤姆的。 could可用于肯定句和否定句中。 You could be right, but I don't think you are. 你可能是对的,但我认为你是错的。 考向2 may的用法 ①may是情态动词，可表示请求许可或征求同意，比较正式。②对含 may的一般疑问句作答时，肯定回答常用“Yes，主语+ can.”或“Yes, please/ of course.”; 否定回答常用“No, 主语+ can't.” 或“Sorry, I'm afraid you can't.” — Yes, you can./ No, you can't. 好的, 你可以。/不， 你不可以。 — Yes, you can./ No, you can't. 好的, 你可以。/不， 你不可以。 ①may也可表示推测， 其过去式为 might。 ②might也可用作情态动词, 表示推测, 但 might表示的可能性比 may小一些。 He said that he might be free that afternoon.他说他那天下午可能有空。 He may/ might be ill today. 他今天或许是病了。 have to ①常强调客观需要，多译为“不得不”； ②有时态、人称和数的变化， 其一般现在时的第 三人称单数形式为 has to, 过去式为 had to。 Have to的否定形式为 don't have to, 表示“不必”。 must ①常表示说话人的主观看法， 多译为“必须”； ②没有时态、人称和数的变化。 must的否定形式为 mustn't, 表示“禁止, 不准”。 二．写作精讲 本单元围绕“动物朋友”这一话题展开，谈论了我们身边的动物朋友， 以及如何更好地照顾它们。与此相关的写作通常有：①介绍自己的宠物； ②介绍某一种动物；③说明某一动物的现状并呼吁保护动物 在具体介绍自己的宠物朋友时，通常包含以下要点：①宠物的外貌和习性； ②宠物的特殊之处； ③你和宠物之间的关系和情感等。写作时常以第三人称和一般现在时为主 思路导引： 开头句 My favourite pet is ... 我最喜欢的宠物是…… I love my ... very much. 我非常喜欢我的…… My pet is a ... named ... 我的宠物是一个叫……的…… 中间句 1.与外貌有关 He has a short tail, four short legs, a small head and a hard shell.它有一条短尾巴、四条短腿、一 个小脑袋和一个硬壳。 2.与习性有关 He likes sleeping in ... all the time.它喜欢一直睡在……里。 He loves to eat ...but doesn’t like eating ... 它喜欢吃……但是不喜欢吃…… 3.与特性有关 He is always very friendly/quiet/noisy.它总是很友好/安静/吵闹。 He makes me feel happy every day.它使我每天都感到开心。 It’s easy to look after him.它很容易照顾。 It’s much fun to play with him.和它玩很有趣。 I have a pet tortoise named Lucky. He is very lovely. I like it very much. He has a short tail, four short legs, a small head and a hard shell. He enjoys eating meat and vegetables, so I often feed him some fish and pork. He likes sleeping in the sand.When I touch him, he will put his head, his four legs and his tail into his shell. It’s so interesting.He is very clever and makes me feel happy every day.I think it’s easy to look after him.I like my pet very much and I will look after him till the end. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$