Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world【单元卷·考点卷】（人教版）-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练(贵州专用)

Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world 单元卷·考点卷 注意事项： 1. 全卷共四个部分, 满分120分, 考试时间为100分钟, 考试形式为闭卷。 2. 请在答题卡指定位置作答, 在试题卷上答题视为无效。 3. 选择题均为单项选择, 多选不得分。 第一部分 完形（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A. deep B. square C. high D. Asia E. succeed F. nature The Himalayas are in 1.______. They are the highest mountains in the world. Qomolangma is the highest peak (山峰) among them. It is about 8,848.86 meters 2.______. The valleys (山谷) between the mountains are very 3.______. The 4.______ beauty there is really amazing. Many climbers want to 5.______ in climbing Qomolangma. It's a great challenge for them. 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。 The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. It 6.______ across North Africa. The desert has an area of about 9.32 million square kilometers. The temperature in the Sahara can be very 7.______ during the day, sometimes reaching over 50℃. At night, it can get very cold. There are 8.______ plants and animals that live in the Sahara. Cacti (仙人掌) are one of the few plants that can 9.______ in such a dry place. Some animals, like camels, are well - adapted to the desert 10.______. They can go for a long time without 11.______ water. People also live in some parts of the Sahara. These people have learned to 12.______ with the difficult environment. They often move from place to place in search of water and food. However, the Sahara Desert is 13.______ changing. Climate change and human activities are 14.______ the desert to expand. We need to think of ways to 15.______ this situation and protect the desert ecosystem. 6. A. goes B. runs C. covers D. lies 7. A. cold B. cool C. hot D. warm 8. A. many B. much C. few D. little 9. A. live B. die C. grow D. disappear 10. A. weather B. climate C. temperature D. condition 11. A. drinking B. eating C. finding D. using 12. A. play B. work C. deal D. live 13. A. slowly B. quickly C. suddenly D. quietly 14. A. helping B. making C. causing D. leading 15. A. improve B. worsen C. keep D. stop 第二部分 阅读（共三节, 满分50分） 第一节（共12个小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分30分） 阅读下面三个语篇, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出各题的最佳选项。 A The Qinghai - Tibet Plateau, known as the “Roof of the World”, is the highest plateau on Earth. It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers. The average altitude of this plateau is above 4,000 meters. It is home to many unique plants and animals adapted to the cold and high - altitude environment. For example, the Tibetan antelope is a well - known species that lives here. The plateau is also the source of many major rivers in Asia, like the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, and the Brahmaputra River. These rivers play a crucial role in the water supply and ecosystem of the entire continent. 16. What is the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau famous for? A. Being the largest plateau. B. Being the highest plateau. C. Having the most rivers. D. Having the most animals. 17. How large is the area of the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau? A. About 1.5 million square kilometers. B. About 2 million square kilometers. C. About 2.5 million square kilometers. D. About 3 million square kilometers. 18. What kind of animals can be found on the plateau? A. Only Tibetan antelopes. B. Many unique animals adapted to the cold and high - altitude environment. C. Tropical animals. D. Aquatic animals only. 19. Which rivers originate from the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau? A. The Yangtze River and the Yellow River only. B. The Brahmaputra River only. C. The Yangtze River, the Yellow River, and the Brahmaputra River. D. None of the above. B The Dead Sea is a salt - lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west. It is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world. The high salt content makes it impossible for most forms of life to survive in its waters. However, the minerals in the Dead Sea have therapeutic properties. People come from all over the world to float in the Dead Sea because its high density due to salt allows them to easily stay afloat. The Dead Sea is also shrinking. Evaporation and water diversion for agriculture and other human activities are reducing its water level. 20. Where is the Dead Sea located? A. Between Jordan and Israel/Palestine. B. In Egypt. C. In Saudi Arabia. D. In Iraq. 21. Why is the Dead Sea so special? A. It has the clearest water. B. It is the saltiest body of water in the world. C. It has a large number of fish. D. It is the largest lake. 22. What can people do in the Dead Sea? A. Dive deep. B. Float easily. C. Swim fast. D. Fish. 23. What is happening to the Dead Sea? A. It is expanding. B. Its water level is rising. C. It is shrinking. D. It is becoming less salty. C The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system. It is located off the coast of Queensland, Australia. The reef is made up of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands. It stretches for over 2,300 kilometers. The Great Barrier Reef is home to an incredibly diverse range of marine life. There are colorful corals, various species of fish, sea turtles, and dolphins. However, the reef is under threat. Rising sea temperatures due to climate change are causing coral bleaching, which damages the corals. Pollution from coastal development and agricultural runoff also harms the delicate ecosystem of the reef. 24. Where is the Great Barrier Reef located? A. Off the coast of Western Australia. B. Off the coast of Queensland, Australia. C. Near New Zealand. D. In the Indian Ocean. 25. How long does the Great Barrier Reef stretch? A. Over 1,000 kilometers. B. Over 1,500 kilometers. C. Over 2,000 kilometers. D. Over 2,300 kilometers. 26. What kind of marine life can be found in the Great Barrier Reef? A. Only corals. B. Only fish. C. Colorful corals, various fish, sea turtles, and dolphins. D. Only sea turtles. 27. What is threatening the Great Barrier Reef? A. Low sea temperatures. B. Lack of sunlight. C. Rising sea temperatures and pollution. D. Too many tourists. 第二节（共5个小题;每小题2分,满分10分） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 The Sahara Desert is an enormous desert in northern Africa. 28.______. It stretches across 11 countries. 29.______. The temperatures can reach extremely high levels during the day and drop significantly at night. 30.______. Despite the harsh conditions, some plants and animals have adapted to live here. 31.______. Nomadic tribes have also found ways to survive in this environment. 32.______. However, desertification and climate change are making the situation worse. A. The climate in the Sahara is extremely harsh B. It is the largest hot desert in the world C. These include cacti - like plants and camels D. They move from place to place in search of water and pasture E. The Sahara is gradually expanding due to various factors F. People are trying to develop the desert for agriculture 第三节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。 The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world. They are located in Asia, spanning across several countries including Nepal, Bhutan, and China. Mount Everest, the highest peak on Earth, is part of the Himalayas. The Himalayas play a vital role in the global climate system. They block cold air masses from the north, affecting the climate of the regions south of the mountains. The snow - covered peaks are the source of many major rivers in Asia, such as the Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra. These rivers provide water for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use for billions of people. The Himalayas are also rich in biodiversity. There are many unique plant and animal species that live in this harsh, high - altitude environment. For example, the snow leopard is a rare and endangered species that inhabits the Himalayas. However, the Himalayas are under threat due to climate change. Rising temperatures are causing the glaciers to melt at an alarming rate. This not only leads to a loss of water resources in the long - term but also increases the risk of floods and landslides. 33. Where are the Himalayas located? _________________________________________________ 34. What is the highest peak in the Himalayas? _________________________________________________ 35. How do the Himalayas affect the climate? _________________________________________________ 36. What are the important rivers that originate from the Himalayas? _________________________________________________ 37. What is the threat to the Himalayas? _________________________________________________ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 根据中文意思, 补全英语译文。（每空限填一词, 缩写算一词） 38. 那条河和这条河一样宽。 That river is ______ ______ as this one. 39. 据我所知，他明天会来。 ______ ______ as I know, he will come tomorrow. 40. 这个城市的面积大约是500平方公里。 The city ______ ______ an area of about 500 square kilometers. 41. 他们正在为保护环境而努力。 They are working hard ______ ______ the environment. 42. 尽管困难重重，他们还是成功到达了山顶。 They ______ ______ reaching the top of the mountain though there were many difficulties. 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Amazon rainforest is one of 43.______ (important) ecosystems on Earth. It 44.______ (locate) in South America and covers a vast area. The rainforest is home to millions of different plant and animal species. The trees there are extremely tall, 45.______ (reach) up to the sky. They play a crucial role in 46.______ (regulate) the Earth's climate. The Amazon River, which runs through the rainforest, is the largest river by volume in the world. It provides water for countless 47.______ (life) forms. Unfortunately, the Amazon rainforest 48.______ (be) under threat. People are cutting down trees 49.______ (make) space for agriculture and logging. This 50.______ (destroy) the habitats of many animals and plants. We need to take action 51.______ (protect) this precious rainforest. Otherwise, many species 52.______ (disappear) forever. 第四部分 写作（满分25分） 53. 请以 “The Great Wall” 为题，写一篇短文。要点如下： 1. 长城是世界上最长的城墙，有两千多年的历史。 2. 它蜿蜒穿过中国北部，绵延约21,196千米。 3. 古代人们建造长城是为了抵御外敌。 4. 如今，长城成为著名的旅游景点，每年吸引众多国内外游客。 5. 谈谈你对长城的感受。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world 单元卷·考点卷 注意事项： 1. 全卷共四个部分, 满分120分, 考试时间为100分钟, 考试形式为闭卷。 2. 请在答题卡指定位置作答, 在试题卷上答题视为无效。 3. 选择题均为单项选择, 多选不得分。 第一部分 完形（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A. deep B. square C. high D. Asia E. succeed F. nature The Himalayas are in 1.______. They are the highest mountains in the world. Qomolangma is the highest peak (山峰) among them. It is about 8,848.86 meters 2.______. The valleys (山谷) between the mountains are very 3.______. The 4.______ beauty there is really amazing. Many climbers want to 5.______ in climbing Qomolangma. It's a great challenge for them. 1. 答案：D 解析：根据常识，喜马拉雅山脉在亚洲，“Asia”表示“亚洲”，“The Himalayas are in Asia.”符合语境，所以选D。 2. 答案：C 解析：前文提到“Qomolangma is the highest peak (山峰) among them.”，这里描述珠穆朗玛峰的高度是约8848.86米，“high”表示“高”，“It is about 8,848.86 meters high.”符合语义，所以选C。 3. 答案：A 解析：“The valleys (山谷) between the mountains are very...”，描述山谷的特点，应该是说山谷很深，“deep”表示“深的”，所以选A。 4. 答案：F 解析：“The...beauty there is really amazing.”，此处应该是说那里的自然美景非常令人惊叹，“nature”的形容词形式“natural”表示“自然的”，“the natural beauty”（自然美景），但选项中是“nature”，这里可以理解为“自然”，“the nature beauty”（自然的美）也说得通，所以选F。 5. 答案：E 解析：“Many climbers want to...in climbing Qomolangma.”，“succeed in doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“成功做某事”，很多登山者想要成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰，所以选E。 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。 The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. It 6.______ across North Africa. The desert has an area of about 9.32 million square kilometers. The temperature in the Sahara can be very 7.______ during the day, sometimes reaching over 50℃. At night, it can get very cold. There are 8.______ plants and animals that live in the Sahara. Cacti (仙人掌) are one of the few plants that can 9.______ in such a dry place. Some animals, like camels, are well - adapted to the desert 10.______. They can go for a long time without 11.______ water. People also live in some parts of the Sahara. These people have learned to 12.______ with the difficult environment. They often move from place to place in search of water and food. However, the Sahara Desert is 13.______ changing. Climate change and human activities are 14.______ the desert to expand. We need to think of ways to 15.______ this situation and protect the desert ecosystem. 6. A. goes B. runs C. covers D. lies 7. A. cold B. cool C. hot D. warm 8. A. many B. much C. few D. little 9. A. live B. die C. grow D. disappear 10. A. weather B. climate C. temperature D. condition 11. A. drinking B. eating C. finding D. using 12. A. play B. work C. deal D. live 13. A. slowly B. quickly C. suddenly D. quietly 14. A. helping B. making C. causing D. leading 15. A. improve B. worsen C. keep D. stop 6. 答案：B 解析：“run across”是固定短语，有“横跨；贯穿”的意思，这里指撒哈拉沙漠横跨北非，用“runs”最恰当。“goes”一般不与“across”这样搭配表示“横跨”的意思；“covers”表示“覆盖”，后面一般直接接宾语，不与“across”搭配；“lies”表示“位于”，不符合语境。所以选B。 7. 答案：C 解析：根据下文“sometimes reaching over 50℃”可知，撒哈拉沙漠白天的温度很高，“hot”表示“热的”，符合语境。“cold”意为“冷的”；“cool”意为“凉爽的”；“warm”意为“温暖的”，都不符合文意。所以选C。 8. 答案：C 解析：撒哈拉沙漠环境恶劣，所以生活在那里的植物和动物数量很少。“few”修饰可数名词复数，表示“很少，几乎没有”，符合语境。“many”表示“许多”，与事实不符；“much”修饰不可数名词；“little”修饰不可数名词，都不符合要求。所以选C。 9. 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Cacti (仙人掌) are one of the few plants”可知，这里说的是仙人掌是能在如此干旱的地方生长的少数植物之一，“grow”表示“生长”，符合语境。“live”侧重于“生活，生存”，一般说动物或人在某地生活，用“grow”更侧重于植物的生长；“die”意为“死亡”；“disappear”意为“消失”，都不符合文意。所以选C。 10. 答案：B 解析：“climate”指“气候”，强调的是一个地区长期的天气状况和特点，骆驼等动物适应的是沙漠的气候，“adapt to the desert climate”符合语境。“weather”指“天气”，更侧重于短期的气象情况；“temperature”指“温度”，过于片面；“condition”指“条件”，没有“climate”更能准确表达沙漠的整体环境特点。所以选B。 11. 答案：A 解析：根据常识可知，骆驼能长时间不喝水，“drinking water”表示“喝水”，符合语境。“eating”意为“吃”；“finding”意为“找到”；“using”意为“使用”，都不符合文意。所以选A。 12. 答案：D 解析：“live with”有“忍受；与……共存”的意思，这里指生活在撒哈拉沙漠的人们学会了与艰难的环境共存，符合语境。“play with”意为“与……玩耍”；“work with”意为“与……一起工作”；“deal with”意为“处理，应对”，一般说处理问题等，不如“live with”符合语境。所以选D。 13. 答案：A 解析：根据语境可知，撒哈拉沙漠在慢慢变化，“slowly”表示“慢慢地”，符合文意。“quickly”意为“快速地”；“suddenly”意为“突然地”；“quietly”意为“安静地”，都不符合沙漠变化的实际情况。所以选A。 14. 答案：C 解析：“cause...to do sth.”表示“导致……做某事”，这里指气候变化和人类活动导致沙漠扩张，符合语境。“help”意为“帮助”，不符合文意；“make”也有“使……”的意思，但一般用“make sb./sth. do sth.”的结构；“lead”一般用“lead to”表示“导致”，后面接名词或动名词。所以选C。 15. 答案：A 解析：根据下文“protect the desert ecosystem”可知，我们需要想办法改善这种情况来保护沙漠生态系统，“improve”表示“改善，提高”，符合语境。“worsen”意为“使恶化”；“keep”意为“保持”；“stop”意为“停止”，“stop”语气过于绝对，这里更强调改善这种状况，所以选A更合适。 第二部分 阅读（共三节, 满分50分） 第一节（共12个小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分30分） 阅读下面三个语篇, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出各题的最佳选项。 A The Qinghai - Tibet Plateau, known as the “Roof of the World”, is the highest plateau on Earth. It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers. The average altitude of this plateau is above 4,000 meters. It is home to many unique plants and animals adapted to the cold and high - altitude environment. For example, the Tibetan antelope is a well - known species that lives here. The plateau is also the source of many major rivers in Asia, like the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, and the Brahmaputra River. These rivers play a crucial role in the water supply and ecosystem of the entire continent. 16. What is the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau famous for? A. Being the largest plateau. B. Being the highest plateau. C. Having the most rivers. D. Having the most animals. 17. How large is the area of the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau? A. About 1.5 million square kilometers. B. About 2 million square kilometers. C. About 2.5 million square kilometers. D. About 3 million square kilometers. 18. What kind of animals can be found on the plateau? A. Only Tibetan antelopes. B. Many unique animals adapted to the cold and high - altitude environment. C. Tropical animals. D. Aquatic animals only. 19. Which rivers originate from the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau? A. The Yangtze River and the Yellow River only. B. The Brahmaputra River only. C. The Yangtze River, the Yellow River, and the Brahmaputra River. D. None of the above. 16. 答案：B 解析：根据文本第一句“The Qinghai - Tibet Plateau, known as the “Roof of the World”, is the highest plateau on Earth.”可知，青藏高原以是世界上最高的高原而闻名，所以答案是B。 17. 答案：C 解析：文中明确提到“It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers.”，即青藏高原面积约250万平方公里，所以选C。 18. 答案：B 解析：由文中“It is home to many unique plants and animals adapted to the cold and high - altitude environment.”可知，在青藏高原能找到许多适应寒冷和高海拔环境的独特动物，而不只是藏羚羊，也不是热带动物或只有水生动物，所以答案为B。 19. 答案：C 解析：根据原文“The plateau is also the source of many major rivers in Asia, like the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, and the Brahmaputra River.”可知，长江、黄河和雅鲁藏布江都发源于青藏高原，所以选C。 B The Dead Sea is a salt - lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west. It is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world. The high salt content makes it impossible for most forms of life to survive in its waters. However, the minerals in the Dead Sea have therapeutic properties. People come from all over the world to float in the Dead Sea because its high density due to salt allows them to easily stay afloat. The Dead Sea is also shrinking. Evaporation and water diversion for agriculture and other human activities are reducing its water level. 20. Where is the Dead Sea located? A. Between Jordan and Israel/Palestine. B. In Egypt. C. In Saudi Arabia. D. In Iraq. 21. Why is the Dead Sea so special? A. It has the clearest water. B. It is the saltiest body of water in the world. C. It has a large number of fish. D. It is the largest lake. 22. What can people do in the Dead Sea? A. Dive deep. B. Float easily. C. Swim fast. D. Fish. 23. What is happening to the Dead Sea? A. It is expanding. B. Its water level is rising. C. It is shrinking. D. It is becoming less salty. 20. 答案：A 解析：根据文中“The Dead Sea is a salt - lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west.”可知，死海位于约旦以东，以色列和巴勒斯坦以西，也就是在约旦和以色列/巴勒斯坦之间，所以选A。B选项“在埃及”；C选项“在沙特阿拉伯”；D选项“在伊拉克”，均不符合原文描述。 21. 答案：B 解析：由文中“It is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world. The high salt content makes it impossible for most forms of life to survive in its waters.”可知，死海的特别之处在于它是世界上最咸的水体之一，高盐度使得大多数生命形式无法在其中生存。A选项“它有最清澈的水”，原文未提及；C选项“它有大量的鱼”，与原文中高盐度使大多数生命无法生存相悖；D选项“它是最大的湖”，文中未表明它是最大的湖。所以选B。 22. 答案：B 解析：依据“People come from all over the world to float in the Dead Sea because its high density due to salt allows them to easily stay afloat.”可知，人们可以在死海轻松漂浮，因为死海的高盐度使其密度大。A选项“深潜”，由于高盐度不适合深潜；C选项“快速游泳”，死海的特性更适合漂浮而非快速游泳；D选项“钓鱼”，死海高盐度不适合鱼类生存，无法钓鱼。所以选B。 23. 答案：C 解析：根据“The Dead Sea is also shrinking. Evaporation and water diversion for agriculture and other human activities are reducing its water level.”可知，死海正在缩小，因为蒸发以及农业和其他人类活动导致的调水使得它的水位下降。A选项“它在扩张”；B选项“它的水位在上升”；D选项“它变得不那么咸了”，均与原文内容不符。所以选C。 C The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system. It is located off the coast of Queensland, Australia. The reef is made up of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands. It stretches for over 2,300 kilometers. The Great Barrier Reef is home to an incredibly diverse range of marine life. There are colorful corals, various species of fish, sea turtles, and dolphins. However, the reef is under threat. Rising sea temperatures due to climate change are causing coral bleaching, which damages the corals. Pollution from coastal development and agricultural runoff also harms the delicate ecosystem of the reef. 24. Where is the Great Barrier Reef located? A. Off the coast of Western Australia. B. Off the coast of Queensland, Australia. C. Near New Zealand. D. In the Indian Ocean. 25. How long does the Great Barrier Reef stretch? A. Over 1,000 kilometers. B. Over 1,500 kilometers. C. Over 2,000 kilometers. D. Over 2,300 kilometers. 26. What kind of marine life can be found in the Great Barrier Reef? A. Only corals. B. Only fish. C. Colorful corals, various fish, sea turtles, and dolphins. D. Only sea turtles. 27. What is threatening the Great Barrier Reef? A. Low sea temperatures. B. Lack of sunlight. C. Rising sea temperatures and pollution. D. Too many tourists. 24. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“It is located off the coast of Queensland, Australia.”可知，大堡礁位于澳大利亚昆士兰州海岸附近。A选项“Off the coast of Western Australia.”（在澳大利亚西海岸附近）；B选项“Off the coast of Queensland, Australia.”（在澳大利亚昆士兰州海岸附近）；C选项“Near New Zealand.”（在新西兰附近）；D选项“In the Indian Ocean.”（在印度洋）。所以选B。 25. 答案：D 解析：由文中“It stretches for over 2,300 kilometers.”可知，大堡礁绵延超过2300公里。A选项“Over 1,000 kilometers.”（超过1000公里）；B选项“Over 1,500 kilometers.”（超过1500公里）；C选项“Over 2,000 kilometers.”（超过2000公里）；D选项“Over 2,300 kilometers.”（超过2300公里）。所以选D。 26. 答案：C 解析：依据“The Great Barrier Reef is home to an incredibly diverse range of marine life. There are colorful corals, various species of fish, sea turtles, and dolphins.”可知，大堡礁有五颜六色的珊瑚、各种各样的鱼、海龟和海豚。A选项“Only corals.”（只有珊瑚）；B选项“Only fish.”（只有鱼）；C选项“Colorful corals, various fish, sea turtles, and dolphins.”（五颜六色的珊瑚、各种各样的鱼、海龟和海豚）；D选项“Only sea turtles.”（只有海龟）。所以选C。 27. 答案：C 解析：根据“However, the reef is under threat. Rising sea temperatures due to climate change are causing coral bleaching, which damages the corals. Pollution from coastal development and agricultural runoff also harms the delicate ecosystem of the reef.”可知，气候变化导致的海温上升造成珊瑚白化，损害了珊瑚，沿海开发和农业径流带来的污染也危害着大堡礁脆弱的生态系统，所以威胁大堡礁的是海温上升和污染。A选项“Low sea temperatures.”（低海温）；B选项“Lack of sunlight.”（缺乏阳光）；C选项“Rising sea temperatures and pollution.”（海温上升和污染）；D选项“Too many tourists.”（太多游客）。所以选C。 第二节（共5个小题;每小题2分,满分10分） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 The Sahara Desert is an enormous desert in northern Africa. 28.______. It stretches across 11 countries. 29.______. The temperatures can reach extremely high levels during the day and drop significantly at night. 30.______. Despite the harsh conditions, some plants and animals have adapted to live here. 31.______. Nomadic tribes have also found ways to survive in this environment. 32.______. However, desertification and climate change are making the situation worse. A. The climate in the Sahara is extremely harsh B. It is the largest hot desert in the world C. These include cacti - like plants and camels D. They move from place to place in search of water and pasture E. The Sahara is gradually expanding due to various factors F. People are trying to develop the desert for agriculture 28. B：前文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠是非洲北部的一个巨大沙漠，此处进一步说明它是世界上最大的热沙漠，与后文描述它横跨11个国家等内容衔接合理，从不同方面介绍撒哈拉沙漠的特点，故填B。 29. A：后面提到了白天温度极高，夜晚温度大幅下降，这明显是在描述撒哈拉沙漠的气候特点，所以此空应填A，说明撒哈拉沙漠气候极其恶劣。 30. E：从后文“尽管条件恶劣，一些植物和动物已经适应了在这里生活”可知，此空应是一个过渡句，既体现出沙漠环境的特点，又能引出后面关于动植物适应环境的内容。E选项“由于各种因素，撒哈拉沙漠正在逐渐扩张”符合语境，它说明了沙漠面临的一种现状，与前后文都能较好地衔接，故填E。 31. C：前文提到了一些植物和动物适应了这里的生活，此空具体说明有哪些植物和动物，C选项“这些包括仙人掌类植物和骆驼”符合要求，故填C。 32. D：前文说游牧部落也找到了在这种环境中生存的方法，此空具体说明他们是如何生存的，D选项“他们为了寻找水和牧场而四处迁徙”符合逻辑，故填D。 第三节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。 The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world. They are located in Asia, spanning across several countries including Nepal, Bhutan, and China. Mount Everest, the highest peak on Earth, is part of the Himalayas. The Himalayas play a vital role in the global climate system. They block cold air masses from the north, affecting the climate of the regions south of the mountains. The snow - covered peaks are the source of many major rivers in Asia, such as the Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra. These rivers provide water for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use for billions of people. The Himalayas are also rich in biodiversity. There are many unique plant and animal species that live in this harsh, high - altitude environment. For example, the snow leopard is a rare and endangered species that inhabits the Himalayas. However, the Himalayas are under threat due to climate change. Rising temperatures are causing the glaciers to melt at an alarming rate. This not only leads to a loss of water resources in the long - term but also increases the risk of floods and landslides. 33. Where are the Himalayas located? _________________________________________________ 34. What is the highest peak in the Himalayas? _________________________________________________ 35. How do the Himalayas affect the climate? _________________________________________________ 36. What are the important rivers that originate from the Himalayas? _________________________________________________ 37. What is the threat to the Himalayas? _________________________________________________ 33. They are located in Asia, spanning across several countries including Nepal, Bhutan, and China. 解析：根据原文第一段“They are located in Asia, spanning across several countries including Nepal, Bhutan, and China.”可直接得出答案，明确说明了喜马拉雅山脉的位置在亚洲，且横跨包括尼泊尔、不丹和中国等几个国家。 34. Mount Everest is the highest peak in the Himalayas. 解析：从文中“Mount Everest, the highest peak on Earth, is part of the Himalayas.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰是地球最高峰，且是喜马拉雅山脉的一部分，所以喜马拉雅山脉的最高峰是珠穆朗玛峰。 35. They block cold air masses from the north, affecting the climate of the regions south of the mountains. 解析：依据第二段“The Himalayas play a vital role in the global climate system. They block cold air masses from the north, affecting the climate of the regions south of the mountains.”，可以得知喜马拉雅山脉在全球气候系统中起着重要作用，它们阻挡了来自北方的冷空气团，影响了山脉以南地区的气候。 36. The important rivers that originate from the Himalayas are the Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra. 解析：根据原文第二段“The snow covered peaks are the source of many major rivers in Asia, such as the Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra.”，可知喜马拉雅山脉的雪峰是亚洲许多主要河流的源头，例如恒河、印度河和雅鲁藏布江。 37. The threat to the Himalayas is climate change. Rising temperatures are causing the glaciers to melt at an alarming rate, which not only leads to a loss of water resources in the long term but also increases the risk of floods and landslides. 解析：从最后一段“However, the Himalayas are under threat due to climate change. Rising temperatures are causing the glaciers to melt at an alarming rate. This not only leads to a loss of water resources in the long term but also increases the risk of floods and landslides.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉受到的威胁是气候变化，气温上升导致冰川以惊人的速度融化，这不仅会在长期内导致水资源的流失，还会增加洪水和山体滑坡的风险。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 根据中文意思, 补全英语译文。（每空限填一词, 缩写算一词） 38. 那条河和这条河一样宽。 That river is ______ ______ as this one. 39. 据我所知，他明天会来。 ______ ______ as I know, he will come tomorrow. 40. 这个城市的面积大约是500平方公里。 The city ______ ______ an area of about 500 square kilometers. 41. 他们正在为保护环境而努力。 They are working hard ______ ______ the environment. 42. 尽管困难重重，他们还是成功到达了山顶。 They ______ ______ reaching the top of the mountain though there were many difficulties. 38. 答案：as wide 解析：“as + 形容词/副词原级 + as”是固定结构，用于表示两者在某方面程度相同，意为“和……一样”。在本题中，描述两条河的宽度一样，“宽的”对应的英文是“wide”，所以横线处应填“as wide”。 39. 答案：As far 解析：“As far as I know”是一个常用的固定短语，在句子中通常作插入语，用来引出说话人所了解的信息范围，意思是“据我所知”。所以此处填“As far”。 40. 答案：has an 解析：表达“某地拥有……面积”常用“have an area of...”这一结构。本句主语“The city”是第三人称单数，在一般现在时中，动词要用第三人称单数形式，“have”的第三人称单数是“has”，所以横线处填“has an”。 41. 答案：to protect 解析：动词不定式“to do”结构在句中可作目的状语，表示“为了做某事”。在本题中，“他们努力工作”的目的是“保护环境”，“保护”的英文是“protect”，所以用“to protect”来表示目的，横线处应填“to protect”。 42. 答案：succeeded in 解析：“succeed in doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”。根据“though there were many difficulties”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，“succeed”的过去式是“succeeded”，所以横线处应填“succeeded in”。 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Amazon rainforest is one of 43.______ (important) ecosystems on Earth. It 44.______ (locate) in South America and covers a vast area. The rainforest is home to millions of different plant and animal species. The trees there are extremely tall, 45.______ (reach) up to the sky. They play a crucial role in 46.______ (regulate) the Earth's climate. The Amazon River, which runs through the rainforest, is the largest river by volume in the world. It provides water for countless 47.______ (life) forms. Unfortunately, the Amazon rainforest 48.______ (be) under threat. People are cutting down trees 49.______ (make) space for agriculture and logging. This 50.______ (destroy) the habitats of many animals and plants. We need to take action 51.______ (protect) this precious rainforest. Otherwise, many species 52.______ (disappear) forever. 43. 答案：the most important 解析：根据“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”的固定结构，此结构用于表示“最……之一”。“important”是多音节形容词，其最高级形式需在前面加“the most”，所以这里应填“the most important”，表示亚马逊雨林是地球上最重要的生态系统之一。 44. 答案：is located 解析：“be located in”是固定短语，意思是“位于”。句子描述的是亚马逊雨林的地理位置这一客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。句子主语“It”指代亚马逊雨林，为第三人称单数，所以be动词要用is，故此处应填“is located”。 45. 答案：reaching 解析：句中已有谓语动词“are”，“reach up to the sky”在句中作伴随状语。“trees”（树木）与“reach”（延伸、达到）之间是主动关系，即树木向上延伸到天空，所以要用现在分词形式作状语，因此应填“reaching”。 46. 答案：regulating 解析：“play a crucial role in...”是固定搭配，意为“在……方面起关键作用”，其中“in”是介词。介词后面接动词时，动词要用-ing形式，“regulate”的-ing形式是“regulating”，所以这里应填“regulating”，表示树木在调节地球气候方面起着关键作用。 47. 答案：living 解析：“life forms”表达有误，“life”作“生命”讲时是可数名词，“forms”是复数形式，“life”也应用复数“lives”，但此处更合适的是用“living”作形容词，“living forms”表示“生命形式”，“living”意为“有生命的”，用来修饰“forms”，所以应填“living”。 48. 答案：is 解析：句子描述的是目前亚马逊雨林正处于受到威胁的状态，时态为一般现在时。句子主语“the Amazon rainforest”是第三人称单数，所以be动词要用is，故此处应填“is”。 49. 答案：to make 解析：“People are cutting down trees”（人们正在砍伐树木），“make space for agriculture and logging”（为农业和伐木腾出空间），后者是前者的目的。动词不定式“to do”结构可以在句中作目的状语，所以这里应填“to make”，表示人们砍伐树木的目的是为农业和伐木腾出空间。 50. 答案：destroys 解析：句子描述的是砍伐树木这一行为对动植物栖息地造成破坏的客观情况，时态为一般现在时。“This”指代前面“人们砍伐树木”这件事，是第三人称单数。在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，“destroy”的第三人称单数形式是“destroys”，所以应填“destroys”。 51. 答案：to protect 解析：“take action to do sth.”是固定短语，意思是“采取行动做某事”。这里表示我们需要采取行动来保护这片珍贵的雨林，“to protect”作目的状语，所以应填“to protect”。 52. 答案：will disappear 解析：“otherwise”意思是“否则”，引导的句子常表示一种假设的后果，通常使用一般将来时。句子表达的是如果我们不采取行动保护雨林，许多物种将会永远消失的情况，一般将来时的构成是“will + 动词原形”，“disappear”是动词原形，所以这里应填“will disappear”。 第四部分 写作（满分25分） 53. 请以 “The Great Wall” 为题，写一篇短文。要点如下： 1. 长城是世界上最长的城墙，有两千多年的历史。 2. 它蜿蜒穿过中国北部，绵延约21,196千米。 3. 古代人们建造长城是为了抵御外敌。 4. 如今，长城成为著名的旅游景点，每年吸引众多国内外游客。 5. 谈谈你对长城的感受。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Great Wall The Great Wall is the longest wall in the world and has a history of over two thousand years. It winds its way through the northern part of China, stretching about 21,196 kilometers. In ancient times, people built it to protect against foreign enemies. Nowadays, the Great Wall has become a famous tourist attraction. It attracts numerous visitors from both home and abroad every year. When people stand on the Great Wall, they can't help but admire the hard work and wisdom of the ancient Chinese. To me, the Great Wall is not only a great wonder of architecture but also a symbol of the Chinese nation's perseverance. It represents the rich history and culture of our country. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$