Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world【单元卷·测试卷】（人教版）-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练(贵州专用)

Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world 单元卷·测试卷 注意事项： 1. 全卷共四个部分, 满分120分, 考试时间为100分钟, 考试形式为闭卷。 2. 请在答题卡指定位置作答, 在试题卷上答题视为无效。 3. 选择题均为单项选择, 多选不得分。 第一部分 完形（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A. population B. ancient C. wide D. protect E. tour F. thick China is a great country with a long history. It has the largest 1.______ in the world. There are many 2.______ places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall. The Great Wall is very 3.______ and long. It was built to 4.______ the country in the old days. Now it attracts a lot of 5.______ from all over the world. 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。 The Amazon rainforest is one of the 6.______ places on Earth. It covers a large area in South America. The rainforest is home to 7.______ of different plant and animal species. There are tall trees that reach 8.______ into the sky. Some of these trees are so big that their trunks are several meters 9.______. The Amazon River, which runs through the rainforest, is the 10.______ river in the world by volume (水量). It provides water for countless living things. However, the Amazon rainforest is in 11.______ now. People are cutting down trees at a fast 12.______ for wood and to make space for farms. This is 13.______ the homes of many animals and plants. If we don't 14.______ the rainforest, many species may disappear forever. It's our duty to 15.______ this amazing natural wonder. 6. A. amazing B. boring C. small D. old 7. A. few B. millions C. little D. much 8. A. low B. short C. high D. deep 9. A. long B. wide C. tall D. far 10. A. longest B. shortest C. widest D. largest 11. A. safety B. danger C. trouble D. need 12. A. speed B. time C. place D. price 13. A. protecting B. making C. destroying D. building 14. A. save B. cut C. forget D. leave 15. A. harm B. protect C. waste D. change 第二部分 阅读（共三节, 满分50分） 第一节（共12个小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分30分） 阅读下面三个语篇, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出各题的最佳选项。 A The Nile River is the longest river in the world. It is about 6,650 kilometers long. The river runs through northeastern Africa, passing through several countries including Egypt. The Nile has been very important to the people of Egypt for thousands of years. It provides water for drinking, farming, and transportation. Floods along the Nile used to occur regularly. When the river flooded, it left behind rich soil on the banks. This fertile soil was perfect for growing crops such as wheat and barley. The ancient Egyptians depended on these floods for their agriculture. They even developed a calendar based on the flood cycles of the Nile. Today, the Aswan High Dam in Egypt controls the flow of the Nile. This has helped to prevent destructive floods. However, it has also changed some of the natural processes along the river. Despite these changes, the Nile remains a vital part of life in Egypt. 16. How long is the Nile River? A. About 5,500 kilometers. B. About 6,000 kilometers. C. About 6,650 kilometers. D. About 7,000 kilometers. 17. Which countries does the Nile River run through? A. Only Egypt. B. Countries in southwestern Africa. C. Countries in northeastern Africa. D. Only Sudan. 18. Why were the floods of the Nile important to the ancient Egyptians? A. They brought fish. B. They left rich soil for farming. C. They provided water for drinking. D. They were a form of entertainment. 19. What does the Aswan High Dam do? A. It causes more floods. B. It makes the river wider. C. It controls the flow of the Nile. D. It stops the river from flowing. B The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth. It is located between Europe and Asia. The sea is about 1,200 kilometers long and has an area of about 371,000 square kilometers. The Caspian Sea is home to a diverse range of wildlife. There are many species of fish, such as sturgeon, which is famous for its caviar. The sea also has seals and various bird species. However, the Caspian Sea is facing several environmental problems. Pollution from oil and gas industries, as well as industrial waste, is harming the ecosystem. Countries around the Caspian Sea are working together to protect this important body of water. They are implementing measures to reduce pollution and preserve the unique biodiversity of the area. 20. What is special about the Caspian Sea? A. It is the deepest sea. B. It is the largest enclosed inland body of water. C. It is the saltiest sea. D. It is the longest sea. 21. Where is the Caspian Sea located? A. Only in Europe. B. Only in Asia. C. Between Europe and Asia. D. Near Africa. 22. What kind of wildlife can be found in the Caspian Sea? A. Only fish. B. Fish, seals, and birds. C. Only seals. D. Only birds. 23. What problem is the Caspian Sea facing? A. Lack of water. B. Too many fish. C. Pollution from various sources. D. Too many people swimming in it. C Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is located in Tanzania. The mountain has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Mount Kilimanjaro is famous for its snow - capped peak, even though it is located near the equator. Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is a popular adventure for many people. However, it is not an easy task. The climb requires physical strength and proper preparation. Climbers need to acclimatize to the high altitude to avoid altitude sickness. The climb usually takes several days, allowing climbers to enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. Despite its popularity, Mount Kilimanjaro is also facing some challenges. Climate change is causing the snow on the mountain to melt at an alarming rate. This not only affects the beauty of the mountain but also the ecosystem that depends on the snow - melt water. 24. Where is Mount Kilimanjaro? A. In Kenya. B. In Tanzania. C. In South Africa. D. In Egypt. 25. How many volcanic cones does Mount Kilimanjaro have? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 26. What is needed to climb Mount Kilimanjaro? A. Only physical strength. B. Only proper preparation. C. Physical strength and proper preparation. D. Just good luck. 27. What is the problem facing Mount Kilimanjaro? A. Too many climbers. B. Lack of water. C. Climate change causing snow to melt. D. Earthquakes. 第二节（共5个小题;每小题2分,满分10分） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. 28.______. It covers about one - third of the Earth's surface. 29.______. There are thousands of islands in the Pacific, some of which are countries like Fiji and Samoa. 30.______. It provides food sources such as fish and shellfish for millions of people around the world. 31.______. Shipping lanes across the Pacific are crucial for international trade. 32.______. But human activities like over - fishing and pollution are causing problems to this vast ocean. A. It plays a vital role in the global ecosystem B. It is also an important route for transportation C. It is home to a wide variety of marine life D. The ocean is rich in natural resources E. It is larger than all of the Earth's land area combined F. Scientists are working hard to study the ocean's mysteries 第三节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。 The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third - longest in the world. It flows for about 6,300 kilometers through several provinces in China, starting from the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau and emptying into the East China Sea. The Yangtze River Basin is rich in natural resources. It has a large number of fish species, providing important food sources for local people. Moreover, the river is crucial for transportation. Many large - scale ships can navigate on it, facilitating the trade between different regions. Additionally, there are numerous hydro - power stations built along the river, generating a significant amount of electricity. However, the Yangtze River is facing some problems. Pollution from industrial waste and domestic sewage has affected the water quality. Also, over - fishing has led to a decline in fish populations. 33. How long is the Yangtze River? _________________________________________________ 34. Where does the Yangtze River start and end? _________________________________________________ 35. What are the important functions of the Yangtze River? _________________________________________________ 36. What problems is the Yangtze River facing? _________________________________________________ 37. Why are fish populations declining in the Yangtze River? _________________________________________________ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 根据中文意思, 补全英语译文。（每空限填一词, 缩写算一词） 38. 这个湖有多深？ ______ ______ is the lake? 39. 中国有多少人口？ ______ the ______ of China? 40. 他努力工作以便能尽快完成任务。 He works hard ______ ______ he can finish the task as soon as possible. 41. 这座山比那座山高得多。 This mountain is ______ ______ than that one. 42. 我们应该保护濒危动物。 We should ______ the animals ______ danger. 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sahara Desert 43.______ (be) the largest hot desert in the world. It 44.______ (cover) about 9.3 million square kilometers. The climate in the Sahara is extremely harsh. Temperatures there can reach over 50℃ during the day and drop 45.______ (sharp) at night. 46.______ (survive) in such a place is not easy. However, some plants and animals 47.______ (manage) to adapt to the environment. Cacti are one of the few plants that can grow in the desert. Camels are well - known for 48.______ (they) ability to go for a long time without water. People also live in some parts of the Sahara. These people have learned how 49.______ (live) with the difficult conditions. They often move from place to place 50.______ (find) water and food. But now, the Sahara Desert 51.______ (face) new challenges. Climate change is making the desert 52.______ (expand) at a faster rate. 第四部分 写作（满分25分） 53. 假设你是李华，你的外国笔友Tom对中国的青藏高原很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，介绍一下青藏高原。内容包括： 1. 青藏高原是世界上最高的高原，平均海拔超过4000米，被称为“世界屋脊”。 2. 那里有独特的自然风光，如雪山、湖泊，还有许多珍稀动植物，如藏羚羊、雪豹。 3. 简单介绍一下当地的文化，如藏族人民的生活方式和传统节日。 4. 邀请他来中国亲自体验。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world 单元卷·测试卷 注意事项： 1. 全卷共四个部分, 满分120分, 考试时间为100分钟, 考试形式为闭卷。 2. 请在答题卡指定位置作答, 在试题卷上答题视为无效。 3. 选择题均为单项选择, 多选不得分。 第一部分 完形（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A. population B. ancient C. wide D. protect E. tour F. thick China is a great country with a long history. It has the largest 1.______ in the world. There are many 2.______ places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall. The Great Wall is very 3.______ and long. It was built to 4.______ the country in the old days. Now it attracts a lot of 5.______ from all over the world. 1. 答案：A 解析：根据常识以及“It has the largest...in the world.”的语境，中国是世界上人口最多的国家，“population”意为“人口”，“the largest population”表示“最多的人口”，符合语义，所以选A。 2. 答案：B 解析：“There are many...places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall.”，像长城这样的地方是“古老的”名胜古迹，“ancient”表示“古老的”，“ancient places of interest”（古老的名胜古迹），符合语境，所以选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：“The Great Wall is very...and long.”，这里描述长城的特点，“wide”意为“宽阔的”，与“long”（长的）并列描述长城又长又宽的特点，所以选C。 4. 答案：D 解析：“It was built to...the country in the old days.”，在过去建造长城的目的是“保护”国家，“protect”是动词，意为“保护”，“to protect”是动词不定式表目的，所以选D。 5. 答案：E 解析：“Now it attracts a lot of...from all over the world.”，长城现在吸引了很多来自世界各地的“游客”，“tour”的名词形式“tourist”表示“游客”，此处用复数形式“tourists”，但选项中只有“tour”，在这里可以理解为“游客”的统称，所以选E。 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。 The Amazon rainforest is one of the 6.______ places on Earth. It covers a large area in South America. The rainforest is home to 7.______ of different plant and animal species. There are tall trees that reach 8.______ into the sky. Some of these trees are so big that their trunks are several meters 9.______. The Amazon River, which runs through the rainforest, is the 10.______ river in the world by volume (水量). It provides water for countless living things. However, the Amazon rainforest is in 11.______ now. People are cutting down trees at a fast 12.______ for wood and to make space for farms. This is 13.______ the homes of many animals and plants. If we don't 14.______ the rainforest, many species may disappear forever. It's our duty to 15.______ this amazing natural wonder. 6. A. amazing B. boring C. small D. old 7. A. few B. millions C. little D. much 8. A. low B. short C. high D. deep 9. A. long B. wide C. tall D. far 10. A. longest B. shortest C. widest D. largest 11. A. safety B. danger C. trouble D. need 12. A. speed B. time C. place D. price 13. A. protecting B. making C. destroying D. building 14. A. save B. cut C. forget D. leave 15. A. harm B. protect C. waste D. change 6. 答案：A 解析：根据对亚马逊雨林的了解以及后文描述可知，亚马逊雨林是地球上令人惊叹的地方之一。A选项“amazing”（令人惊叹的）；B选项“boring”（无聊的）；C选项“small”（小的）；D选项“old”（古老的）。“amazing”符合语境，所以选A。 7. 答案：B 解析：“The rainforest is home to...of different plant and animal species.”，表示雨林是数以百万计不同动植物物种的家园，“millions of”是固定短语，意为“数以百万计的”，A选项“few”（很少，几乎没有，修饰可数名词）；B选项“millions”（构成“millions of”短语）；C选项“little”（很少，几乎没有，修饰不可数名词）；D选项“much”（许多，修饰不可数名词）。所以选B。 8. 答案：C 解析：“There are tall trees that reach...into the sky.”，形容树很高，应该是高耸入云，“high”表示“高”，A选项“low”（低的）；B选项“short”（短的；矮的）；C选项“high”（高的）；D选项“deep”（深的）。所以选C。 9. 答案：B 解析：“Some of these trees are so big that their trunks are several meters...”，这里描述树干的情况，应该是说树干有几米“宽”，“wide”表示“宽的”，A选项“long”（长的）；B选项“wide”（宽的）；C选项“tall”（高的）；D选项“far”（远的）。所以选B。 10. 答案：D 解析：根据常识，亚马逊河按水量是世界上“最大”的河流，“largest”表示“最大的”，这里强调水量方面的大。A选项“longest”（最长的）；B选项“shortest”（最短的）；C选项“widest”（最宽的）；D选项“largest”（最大的）。所以选D。 11. 答案：B 解析：根据后文“People are cutting down trees...”可知，亚马逊雨林现在处于“危险”之中，“in danger”是固定短语，意为“处于危险中”。A选项“safety”（安全）；B选项“danger”（危险）；C选项“trouble”（麻烦，常用于“in trouble”表示“处于困境中”）；D选项“need”（需要，常用于“in need”表示“在困难中”）。所以选B。 12. 答案：A 解析：“People are cutting down trees at a fast...”，“at a fast speed”是固定短语，意为“以很快的速度”，表示人们正在快速砍伐树木。A选项“speed”（速度）；B选项“time”（时间）；C选项“place”（地方）；D选项“price”（价格）。所以选A。 13. 答案：C 解析：人们砍伐树木，这是在“破坏”许多动植物的家园，“destroy”意为“破坏”。A选项“protecting”（保护）；B选项“making”（制作；使）；C选项“destroying”（破坏）；D选项“building”（建造）。所以选C。 14. 答案：A 解析：根据“many species may disappear forever”可知，如果我们不“拯救”雨林，许多物种可能会永远消失，“save”有“拯救；挽救”的意思。A选项“save”（拯救）；B选项“cut”（切割；砍伐）；C选项“forget”（忘记）；D选项“leave”（离开；留下）。所以选A。 15. 答案：B 解析：前文强调了雨林的重要性以及面临的问题，所以这里是说我们有责任“保护”这个令人惊叹的自然奇观，“protect”表示“保护”。A选项“harm”（伤害）；B选项“protect”（保护）；C选项“waste”（浪费）；D选项“change”（改变）。所以选B。 第二部分 阅读（共三节, 满分50分） 第一节（共12个小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分30分） 阅读下面三个语篇, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出各题的最佳选项。 A The Nile River is the longest river in the world. It is about 6,650 kilometers long. The river runs through northeastern Africa, passing through several countries including Egypt. The Nile has been very important to the people of Egypt for thousands of years. It provides water for drinking, farming, and transportation. Floods along the Nile used to occur regularly. When the river flooded, it left behind rich soil on the banks. This fertile soil was perfect for growing crops such as wheat and barley. The ancient Egyptians depended on these floods for their agriculture. They even developed a calendar based on the flood cycles of the Nile. Today, the Aswan High Dam in Egypt controls the flow of the Nile. This has helped to prevent destructive floods. However, it has also changed some of the natural processes along the river. Despite these changes, the Nile remains a vital part of life in Egypt. 16. How long is the Nile River? A. About 5,500 kilometers. B. About 6,000 kilometers. C. About 6,650 kilometers. D. About 7,000 kilometers. 17. Which countries does the Nile River run through? A. Only Egypt. B. Countries in southwestern Africa. C. Countries in northeastern Africa. D. Only Sudan. 18. Why were the floods of the Nile important to the ancient Egyptians? A. They brought fish. B. They left rich soil for farming. C. They provided water for drinking. D. They were a form of entertainment. 19. What does the Aswan High Dam do? A. It causes more floods. B. It makes the river wider. C. It controls the flow of the Nile. D. It stops the river from flowing. 16. 答案：C 解析：根据文中“The Nile River is the longest river in the world. It is about 6,650 kilometers long.”可知，尼罗河大约长6650千米。A选项“About 5,500 kilometers.”（大约5500千米）；B选项“About 6,000 kilometers.”（大约6000千米）；C选项“About 6,650 kilometers.”（大约6650千米）；D选项“About 7,000 kilometers.”（大约7000千米）。所以选C。 17. 答案：C 解析：从“The river runs through northeastern Africa, passing through several countries including Egypt.”可知，尼罗河穿过非洲东北部，流经包括埃及在内的几个国家。A选项“Only Egypt.”（只流经埃及）；B选项“Countries in southwestern Africa.”（非洲西南部的国家）；C选项“Countries in northeastern Africa.”（非洲东北部的国家）；D选项“Only Sudan.”（只流经苏丹）。所以选C。 18. 答案：B 解析：依据“When the river flooded, it left behind rich soil on the banks. This fertile soil was perfect for growing crops such as wheat and barley. The ancient Egyptians depended on these floods for their agriculture.”可知，尼罗河的洪水对古埃及人重要是因为洪水退去后会在河岸留下肥沃的土壤，适合种植庄稼。A选项“They brought fish.”（它们带来了鱼）；B选项“They left rich soil for farming.”（它们留下了肥沃的土壤用于耕种）；C选项“They provided water for drinking.”（它们提供了饮用水）；D选项“They were a form of entertainment.”（它们是一种娱乐形式）。所以选B。 19. 答案：C 解析：根据“Today, the Aswan High Dam in Egypt controls the flow of the Nile. This has helped to prevent destructive floods.”可知，阿斯旺大坝控制着尼罗河的水流，有助于防止破坏性的洪水。A选项“It causes more floods.”（它导致更多的洪水）；B选项“It makes the river wider.”（它使河流更宽）；C选项“It controls the flow of the Nile.”（它控制尼罗河的水流）；D选项“It stops the river from flowing.”（它阻止河流流动）。所以选C。 B The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth. It is located between Europe and Asia. The sea is about 1,200 kilometers long and has an area of about 371,000 square kilometers. The Caspian Sea is home to a diverse range of wildlife. There are many species of fish, such as sturgeon, which is famous for its caviar. The sea also has seals and various bird species. However, the Caspian Sea is facing several environmental problems. Pollution from oil and gas industries, as well as industrial waste, is harming the ecosystem. Countries around the Caspian Sea are working together to protect this important body of water. They are implementing measures to reduce pollution and preserve the unique biodiversity of the area. 20. What is special about the Caspian Sea? A. It is the deepest sea. B. It is the largest enclosed inland body of water. C. It is the saltiest sea. D. It is the longest sea. 21. Where is the Caspian Sea located? A. Only in Europe. B. Only in Asia. C. Between Europe and Asia. D. Near Africa. 22. What kind of wildlife can be found in the Caspian Sea? A. Only fish. B. Fish, seals, and birds. C. Only seals. D. Only birds. 23. What problem is the Caspian Sea facing? A. Lack of water. B. Too many fish. C. Pollution from various sources. D. Too many people swimming in it. 20. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth.”可知，里海是地球上最大的封闭内陆水体，这是它的特别之处。A选项“It is the deepest sea.”（它是最深的海）；B选项“It is the largest enclosed inland body of water.”（它是最大的封闭内陆水体）；C选项“It is the saltiest sea.”（它是最咸的海）；D选项“It is the longest sea.”（它是最长的海）。所以选B。 21. 答案：C 解析：由“It is located between Europe and Asia.”可知，里海位于欧洲和亚洲之间。A选项“Only in Europe.”（只在欧洲）；B选项“Only in Asia.”（只在亚洲）；C选项“Between Europe and Asia.”（在欧洲和亚洲之间）；D选项“Near Africa.”（在非洲附近）。所以选C。 22. 答案：B 解析：依据“The Caspian Sea is home to a diverse range of wildlife. There are many species of fish, such as sturgeon, which is famous for its caviar. The sea also has seals and various bird species.”可知，里海有多种鱼类、海豹以及各种鸟类。A选项“Only fish.”（只有鱼）；B选项“Fish, seals, and birds.”（鱼、海豹和鸟类）；C选项“Only seals.”（只有海豹）；D选项“Only birds.”（只有鸟类）。所以选B。 23. 答案：C 解析：根据“However, the Caspian Sea is facing several environmental problems. Pollution from oil and gas industries, as well as industrial waste, is harming the ecosystem.”可知，里海面临的问题是来自石油和天然气工业以及工业废料等各种来源的污染。A选项“Lack of water.”（缺水）；B选项“Too many fish.”（鱼太多）；C选项“Pollution from various sources.”（来自各种来源的污染）；D选项“Too many people swimming in it.”（太多人在里面游泳）。所以选C。 C Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is located in Tanzania. The mountain has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Mount Kilimanjaro is famous for its snow - capped peak, even though it is located near the equator. Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is a popular adventure for many people. However, it is not an easy task. The climb requires physical strength and proper preparation. Climbers need to acclimatize to the high altitude to avoid altitude sickness. The climb usually takes several days, allowing climbers to enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. Despite its popularity, Mount Kilimanjaro is also facing some challenges. Climate change is causing the snow on the mountain to melt at an alarming rate. This not only affects the beauty of the mountain but also the ecosystem that depends on the snow - melt water. 24. Where is Mount Kilimanjaro? A. In Kenya. B. In Tanzania. C. In South Africa. D. In Egypt. 25. How many volcanic cones does Mount Kilimanjaro have? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 26. What is needed to climb Mount Kilimanjaro? A. Only physical strength. B. Only proper preparation. C. Physical strength and proper preparation. D. Just good luck. 27. What is the problem facing Mount Kilimanjaro? A. Too many climbers. B. Lack of water. C. Climate change causing snow to melt. D. Earthquakes. 24. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“It is located in Tanzania.”可知，乞力马扎罗山位于坦桑尼亚。A选项“In Kenya.”（在肯尼亚）；B选项“In Tanzania.”（在坦桑尼亚）；C选项“In South Africa.”（在南非）；D选项“In Egypt.”（在埃及）。所以选B。 25. 答案：C 解析：由“The mountain has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira.”可知，乞力马扎罗山有三个火山锥。A选项“One.”（一个）；B选项“Two.”（两个）；C选项“Three.”（三个）；D选项“Four.”（四个）。所以选C。 26. 答案：C 解析：依据“The climb requires physical strength and proper preparation. Climbers need to acclimatize to the high altitude to avoid altitude sickness.”可知，攀登乞力马扎罗山需要体力和适当的准备。A选项“Only physical strength.”（只需要体力）；B选项“Only proper preparation.”（只需要适当的准备）；C选项“Physical strength and proper preparation.”（体力和适当的准备）；D选项“Just good luck.”（只需要好运）。所以选C。 27. 答案：C 解析：根据“Despite its popularity, Mount Kilimanjaro is also facing some challenges. Climate change is causing the snow on the mountain to melt at an alarming rate. This not only affects the beauty of the mountain but also the ecosystem that depends on the snow - melt water.”可知，乞力马扎罗山面临的问题是气候变化导致山上的雪以惊人的速度融化。A选项“Too many climbers.”（太多的登山者）；B选项“Lack of water.”（缺水）；C选项“Climate change causing snow to melt.”（气候变化导致雪融化）；D选项“Earthquakes.”（地震）。所以选C。 第二节（共5个小题;每小题2分,满分10分） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. 28.______. It covers about one - third of the Earth's surface. 29.______. There are thousands of islands in the Pacific, some of which are countries like Fiji and Samoa. 30.______. It provides food sources such as fish and shellfish for millions of people around the world. 31.______. Shipping lanes across the Pacific are crucial for international trade. 32.______. But human activities like over - fishing and pollution are causing problems to this vast ocean. A. It plays a vital role in the global ecosystem B. It is also an important route for transportation C. It is home to a wide variety of marine life D. The ocean is rich in natural resources E. It is larger than all of the Earth's land area combined F. Scientists are working hard to study the ocean's mysteries 28. 答案：E 解析：前文指出“太平洋是地球海洋分区中最大和最深的”，紧接着描述其面积大小。E选项 “It is larger than all of the Earth's land area combined”（它比地球所有陆地面积总和还要大）进一步强调了太平洋面积之大，与前文关于太平洋“最大”的描述相呼应，同时也为后文“它覆盖了地球表面约三分之一”做了铺垫，所以此处选E。 29. 答案：C 解析：后文提到 “There are thousands of islands in the Pacific, some of which are countries like Fiji and Samoa”（太平洋中有成千上万的岛屿，其中一些是像斐济和萨摩亚这样的国家），岛屿是海洋生物栖息的重要场所。C选项 “It is home to a wide variety of marine life”（它是各种各样海洋生物的家园），说明太平洋因有众多岛屿而成为众多海洋生物的栖息地，与后文提到的岛屿相关内容逻辑连贯，所以选C。 30. 答案：D 解析：后文 “It provides food sources such as fish and shellfish for millions of people around the world”（它为全世界数百万人提供了鱼和贝类等食物来源），这体现了太平洋在资源方面的重要性。D选项 “The ocean is rich in natural resources”（海洋富含自然资源），“鱼和贝类”属于自然资源，该选项能很好地引出后文关于太平洋提供食物资源的内容，所以选D。 31. 答案：B 解析：后文 “Shipping lanes across the Pacific are crucial for international trade”（跨太平洋的航道对国际贸易至关重要），强调了太平洋在运输方面的重要作用。B选项 “It is also an important route for transportation”（它也是重要的运输路线），“shipping lanes”（航道）就是运输路线的一种，该选项与后文内容紧密相关，所以选B。 32. 答案：A 解析：前文从面积、生物、资源、运输等方面阐述了太平洋的重要性，后文 “But human activities like over - fishing and pollution are causing problems to this vast ocean”（但是像过度捕捞和污染这样的人类活动正在给这片广阔的海洋带来问题），转折说明人类活动对太平洋造成了破坏。A选项 “It plays a vital role in the global ecosystem”（它在全球生态系统中起着至关重要的作用），既总结了前文太平洋多方面的重要性，又能与后文人类活动破坏生态形成对比，突出保护太平洋的重要性，所以选A。 第三节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。 The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third - longest in the world. It flows for about 6,300 kilometers through several provinces in China, starting from the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau and emptying into the East China Sea. The Yangtze River Basin is rich in natural resources. It has a large number of fish species, providing important food sources for local people. Moreover, the river is crucial for transportation. Many large - scale ships can navigate on it, facilitating the trade between different regions. Additionally, there are numerous hydro - power stations built along the river, generating a significant amount of electricity. However, the Yangtze River is facing some problems. Pollution from industrial waste and domestic sewage has affected the water quality. Also, over - fishing has led to a decline in fish populations. 33. How long is the Yangtze River? _________________________________________________ 34. Where does the Yangtze River start and end? _________________________________________________ 35. What are the important functions of the Yangtze River? _________________________________________________ 36. What problems is the Yangtze River facing? _________________________________________________ 37. Why are fish populations declining in the Yangtze River? _________________________________________________ 33. 答案：It is about 6,300 kilometers long. 解析：根据文中“It flows for about 6,300 kilometers through several provinces in China”可知，长江大约有6300公里长。 34. 答案：It starts from the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau and empties into the East China Sea. 解析：从“starting from the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau and emptying into the East China Sea”可知，长江发源于青藏高原，注入东海。 35. 答案：It provides important food sources (with a large number of fish species), is crucial for transportation (many large - scale ships can navigate on it), and numerous hydro - power stations along it generate a significant amount of electricity. 解析：文中提到“The Yangtze River Basin is rich in natural resources. It has a large number of fish species, providing important food sources for local people. Moreover, the river is crucial for transportation. Many large - scale ships can navigate on it, facilitating the trade between different regions. Additionally, there are numerous hydro - power stations built along the river, generating a significant amount of electricity.”，说明长江的重要功能包括提供食物来源、作为重要的运输通道以及通过沿岸水电站发电。 36. 答案：It is facing problems of water pollution from industrial waste and domestic sewage, and a decline in fish populations due to over - fishing. 解析：由“However, the Yangtze River is facing some problems. Pollution from industrial waste and domestic sewage has affected the water quality. Also, over - fishing has led to a decline in fish populations.”可知，长江面临着工业废料和生活污水造成的水污染问题以及过度捕捞导致的鱼类数量减少问题。 37. 答案：Fish populations are declining because of over - fishing. 解析：根据“Also, over - fishing has led to a decline in fish populations.”可知，长江里鱼类数量减少是因为过度捕捞。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分25分） 第一节（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分） 根据中文意思, 补全英语译文。（每空限填一词, 缩写算一词） 38. 这个湖有多深？ ______ ______ is the lake? 39. 中国有多少人口？ ______ the ______ of China? 40. 他努力工作以便能尽快完成任务。 He works hard ______ ______ he can finish the task as soon as possible. 41. 这座山比那座山高得多。 This mountain is ______ ______ than that one. 42. 我们应该保护濒危动物。 We should ______ the animals ______ danger. 38. 答案：How; deep 解析：询问“多深”，用疑问词“How deep”，“How”用于询问程度，“deep”表示“深的”，所以“这个湖有多深？”翻译为“How deep is the lake?”，故填“How; deep”。 39. 答案：What's; population 解析：询问“人口是多少”常用句型“What's the population of...?”，所以“中国有多少人口？”翻译为“What's the population of China?”，故填“What's; population”。 40. 答案：so; that 解析：“so that”引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，“He works hard so that he can finish the task as soon as possible.”（他努力工作以便能尽快完成任务），故填“so; that”。 41. 答案：much; higher 解析：“比……高”用“higher than”，“高得多”要用“much”来修饰比较级“higher”，“much”表示程度，所以“这座山比那座山高得多。”翻译为“This mountain is much higher than that one.”，故填“much; higher”。 42. 答案：protect; in 解析：“保护”用“protect”，“should”是情态动词，后面接动词原形；“in danger”是固定短语，意为“处于危险中”，“我们应该保护濒危动物。”翻译为“We should protect the animals in danger.”，故填“protect; in”。 第二节（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sahara Desert 43.______ (be) the largest hot desert in the world. It 44.______ (cover) about 9.3 million square kilometers. The climate in the Sahara is extremely harsh. Temperatures there can reach over 50℃ during the day and drop 45.______ (sharp) at night. 46.______ (survive) in such a place is not easy. However, some plants and animals 47.______ (manage) to adapt to the environment. Cacti are one of the few plants that can grow in the desert. Camels are well - known for 48.______ (they) ability to go for a long time without water. People also live in some parts of the Sahara. These people have learned how 49.______ (live) with the difficult conditions. They often move from place to place 50.______ (find) water and food. But now, the Sahara Desert 51.______ (face) new challenges. Climate change is making the desert 52.______ (expand) at a faster rate. 43. 答案：is 解析：本句描述的是客观事实，即撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的热沙漠，所以用一般现在时。主语“The Sahara Desert”是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 44. 答案：covers 解析：同样是陈述客观事实，主语“It”指代“The Sahara Desert”，为第三人称单数，动词cover要用第三人称单数形式covers，即“它覆盖约930万平方千米”。 45. 答案：sharply 解析：“drop”是动词，意为“下降”，需要用副词来修饰动词，“sharp”的副词形式是sharply，“drop sharply”表示“急剧下降” 。 46. 答案：Surviving 解析：分析句子结构，“...in such a place”在句中作主语，动词不能直接作主语，需将动词survive变为动名词形式Surviving，句首单词首字母大写。 47. 答案：have managed 解析：根据语境“然而，一些植物和动物已经成功适应了环境”，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语“some plants and animals”是复数，助动词用have，manage的过去分词是managed，所以填have managed。 48. 答案：their 解析：“ability”是名词，前面需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰，“they”的形容词性物主代词是their，“their ability”表示“它们的能力”。 49. 答案：to live 解析：“how”后接动词时，常用“how to do”结构，作动词“learned”的宾语，“how to live with the difficult conditions”表示“如何在艰苦的条件下生活”。 50. 答案：to find 解析：“They often move from place to place”的目的是“find water and food”，所以用动词不定式作目的状语，“to find”表示“为了找到”。 51. 答案：is facing 解析：根据“now”可知，句子描述的是现在正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are + 现在分词”。主语“the Sahara Desert”是第三人称单数，be动词用is，face的现在分词是facing，所以填is facing。 52. 答案：expand 解析：“make sb./sth. do sth.”是固定用法，意为“使某人/某物做某事”，所以“make the desert”后接动词原形expand，“making the desert expand”表示“使沙漠扩张”。 第四部分 写作（满分25分） 53. 假设你是李华，你的外国笔友Tom对中国的青藏高原很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，介绍一下青藏高原。内容包括： 1. 青藏高原是世界上最高的高原，平均海拔超过4000米，被称为“世界屋脊”。 2. 那里有独特的自然风光，如雪山、湖泊，还有许多珍稀动植物，如藏羚羊、雪豹。 3. 简单介绍一下当地的文化，如藏族人民的生活方式和传统节日。 4. 邀请他来中国亲自体验。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dear Tom, I'm so glad to know that you're interested in the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau. The Qinghai - Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau in the world, with an average altitude of over 4,000 meters. It is known as the “Roof of the World”. The natural scenery there is really unique. You can see snow - capped mountains and beautiful lakes. Also, it is home to many rare animals and plants, such as Tibetan antelopes and snow leopards. The local culture is quite fascinating. The Tibetan people have their own special way of life. For example, they live in yak - hair tents and their traditional festivals, like the Shoton Festival, are full of joy and excitement. I sincerely invite you to come to China and experience the charm of the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau by yourself. I'm sure you will be deeply impressed. I'm looking forward to your visit. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$