精品解析：黑龙江省大庆市大庆第一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学验收英语试卷

大庆一中2024级高一下学期开学验收考试 英语试卷 试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman probably do this afternoon? A. Go to the Olympic Games. B. Visit her friends. C. Stay at home. 2. Who planted the trees? A. Henry. B. The woman. C. Someone else. 3. What happened to the woman? A. She got promoted last week. B. She got fired today. C. She was fooled by the man. 4. Why does Mary call the man? A. To cancel an appointment. B. To reschedule an appointment. C. To confirm an appointment. 5. What happened to the woman? A. She misunderstood the man. B. She changed the reservation to 7:00. C. She wanted to take the 6:00 flight. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What do we know about the woman’s document? A. It’s written in English. B. It’s about 30,000 words. C. It’s a textbook. 7. Which language is the most difficult according to the man? A. Spanish. B. Arabic. C. English. 8. What does the woman decide to do? A. Translate the document herself. B. Look for another translator. C. Hire the man to do the translation. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 9. Why didn’t the woman see all of the collections at the museum? A. The museum is too large. B. Only the jade exhibit was open. C. She spent too much time at one exhibit. 10. What did the woman like the most? A. The primitive tools of Peking Man. B. The artistic works from the Qing Dynasty. C. The collection of jade from the earliest time period. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Why does the girl want to have a car? A. To travel with her friends. B. To be independent. C. To show off. 12. Where does the girl study? A. In a high school. B. In a middle school. C. In a university. 13. Why doesn’t the man buy his daughter a car now? A. He can’t afford another car. B. He wants his daughter to ea m a car. C. He thinks his daughter is too young to drive. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14 Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. In the hospital. C. In the woman’s home. 15. What was the purpose of the meeting? A. To fire the woman. B. To ask about the woman’s family. C. To find out why the woman’s recent work was poor. 16. What happened to the woman’s mother? A. She died of stomach cancer. B. She had a car accident. C. She was seriously sick. 17. What was Mr. Travers’ attitude to the woman in the end? A. He was angry. B. He was kind. C. He was critical. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Where was Brandon last seen? A. In the toys section. B. In the sporting goods section. C. In the frozen foods section. 19. What is Brandon wearing A. A dark shirt and blue jeans. B. Blue jeans and a black baseball cap. C. A white shirt and a red baseball cap. 20. What should guests do if they see the boy? A. Take him to the security desk. B. Take him to the Pizza Hut. C. Call the security department. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Visiting a waterfall gives you a unique experience. Here we have made a list of some of the best waterfalls in the world that you must visit at least once in a lifetime. Yosemite Falls Yosemite National Park is very popular because of Yosemite Falls, which is really amazing. With a backdrop of 739 meters, it hosts several waterfalls in it. The waterfalls flow down in three levels. In the spring, water is roaring off the falls and they look best during late May or even during early June. In the early fall and late summer, the falls have often dried up altogether. Grawa Waterfall Measuring 85 meters in width, the Grawa Waterfall in the Upper Stubaital Valley is the widest in the whole eastern Alps. Fed by a number of glacial streams (冰源河), the Sulzaubach river shoots over a huge rock at a total height of 180 meters. This impressive sight can be admired from viewing platforms at the top and bottom. The Rhine Falls The Rhine Falls in northern Switzerland are Europe’s largest waterfall. High above the falls, you can feel the roar (咆哮) of the water and the shakes throughout your body. The two towering rocks in the middle of the falls are the symbols of the waterfall, which visitors on a circular tour can see up close. The platform over the Rhine River is the perfect place to view the natural landscape. Browne Falls As one of the highest or the largest waterfall in New Zealand, Browne Falls drop from a height of 857 meters are a sight to behold. Browne Falls owes (归功于) its name to the photographer Victor Carlyle Browne. It was during one of his flights in 1940 that led to the discovery of both Lake Browne and the picturesque falls. 1. When is probably the worst time to watch Yosemite Falls? A. In April. B. In May. C. In June. D. In August. 2. What is special about The Rhine Falls? A. It has huge stones in the center. B. It can be best viewed from the top. C. It is the largest waterfall in the world. D. Its water is from several glacial streams. 3. Which of the following waterfalls is named after a photographer? A. Yosemite Falls. B. Grawa Waterfall. C. The Rhine Falls. D. Browne Falls. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个瀑布的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由Yosemite Falls中“In the early fall and late summer, the falls have often dried up altogether. (初秋和夏末，瀑布经常完全干涸)”可知，八月是观赏Yosemite Falls的最糟糕的时间。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由The Rhine Falls中“The two towering rocks in the middle of the falls are the symbols of the waterfall, which visitors on a circular tour can see up close. (瀑布中央的两块高耸的岩石是瀑布的象征，游客在环形游览中可以近距离看到)”可知，The Rhine Falls的特别之处在于它的中心有巨大的石头。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由Browne Falls中“Browne Falls owes (归功于) its name to the photographer Victor Carlyle Browne. (Browne Falls的名字来源于摄影师Victor Carlyle Browne)”可知，Browne Falls以摄影师的名字命名。故选D项。 B A research team led by Del Pozo Cruz from-the-University of Southern Denmark: recently published a study that found walking 10,000 steps a day lowered the risk for dementia (痴呆症) by 50%. However, if walking occurred at a brisk: pace of 112 steps a minute for 30 minutes, it maximized risk reduction, leading to a 62% reduction in dementia risk. The 30 minutes of fast-paced walking didn’t have to occur all at once - it could be spread out over the day. “Our lake is that intensity of stepping matters - over and above volume,” said Cruz. The new study followed 78,500 people between the ages of 40 and 79 from England, Scotland and Wales who wore wrist step counters for 24 hours a day over a seven day stretch. After counting each person’s total number of steps each day, researchers placed them into two categories: Fewer than 40 steps per minute, which is more like when you’ re walking from room to room - and more than 40 steps per minute, or so-called “purposeful” walking. A third category was created for peak performers - those who took the most steps per minute within 30 minutes over the course of a day. About seven years later, researchers compared that data to medical records and found people who took the most steps per minute showed the biggest reduction in risk for cancer, heart disease and early death from any cause. Researchers found the association between peak 30-minute steps and risk reduction to be dependent on the disease studied: There was a 62% reduction for dementia, an 80% decline for cardiovascular disease and death, and about a 20% drop in risk for cancer. What’s the takeaway? You don’t have to fixate on the numbers of steps. “Spend 30 minutes being breathless at whatever pace you’ re at, and then keep challenging yourself to be slightly unsatisfied at your current level so you can get better and better,” said Dr. Andrew Freeman. 4. Which aspect of walking does the study focus on? A. Its length. B. Its time. C. Its popularity. D. Its pace. 5. What can we learn about the subjects in the third category? A. They are from Wales. B. They walk the quickest. C. They walk without step counters. D. They are the oldest. 6. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the study? A. Its theoretical significance. B. Its medical application. C. Its findings. D. Its procedures. 7. What does Freeman suggest walkers do? A. Spare themselves 30 minutes every day. B. Aim a little higher than their present level. C. Set a specific goal for themselves each day. D. Count their steps as exactly as possible. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，快走可以降低患痴呆症、心血管疾病和癌症的风险。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, if walking occurred at a brisk pace of 112 steps a minute for 30 minutes, it maximized risk reduction, leading to a 62% reduction in dementia risk. (然而，如果以每分钟112步的快步走30分钟，可以最大限度地降低风险，使患痴呆症的风险降低62%。)”可知，这项研究重点关注了步行的速度。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A third category was created for peak performers - those who took the most steps per minute within 30 minutes over the course of a day. (为表现最佳者创建了第三类——即那些在一天中30分钟内每分钟步数最多的人。)”可知，第三类受试者走得最快。故选B。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Researchers found the association between peak 30-minute steps and risk reduction to be dependent on the disease studied: There was a 62% reduction for dementia, an 80% decline for cardiovascular disease and death, and about a 20% drop in risk for cancer. (研究人员发现，30分钟最高步数与风险降低之间的关联取决于所研究的疾病：痴呆症的风险降低了62%，心血管疾病和死亡的风险降低了80%，癌症的风险降低了约20%。)”可知，第五段主要告诉我们关于这项研究的发现。故选C。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““Spend 30 minutes being breathless at whatever pace you’re at, and then keep challenging yourself to be slightly unsatisfied at your current level so you can get better and better,” said Dr. Andrew Freeman. (安德鲁•弗里曼博士说：“用30分钟的时间，以你所能达到的任何速度，让自己气喘吁吁，然后不断挑战自己，对自己目前的水平稍微有点不满意，这样你就能越来越好”。)”可知，Freeman建议步行者目标略高于他们目前的水平。故选B。 C When you accomplish something amazing — like earning a promotion, finishing a yearlong project or finally paying off your credit card debts — you’d think a burst of happiness would be followed by relief. You can even relax a little. Right? Not for everyone. It’s actually not unusual to feel more anxious following good news or hard-earned success than you do when you’re putting out fires or working hard. “Anxiety can be a bit tricky, as it’s a response that’s hard-wired into the brain,” said Carla Marie Manly, a California-based clinical psychologist and author of Joy from Fear. “The brain’s fear circuit (回路) works very quickly, and it doesn’t always stop to tell the difference between good anxiety and bad. So, when something good happens, the physical symptoms you feel are similar to those that you associate with panic or fear.” There are some things you can do when accomplishing something positive triggers (触发) more anxiety. But even when you are able to distinguish between feelings of excitement (good stress) and panic (bad stress) after success the climb down from Mount Euphoria can be an anxiety trigger in itself. When your body becomes accustomed to a long-time state of anxiety, the positive physiological changes that happen after good news can trigger the sense that something isn’t right — simply because you’ re not used to feeling good. This reaction may also be worse because of a potential belief that the good event will probably be followed by something bad — perhaps because, in the past, bad things that have happened to you often occurred when you were doing well or things were relatively calm, said Jo Eckler, a Texas-based clinical psychologist and author of I Can’t Fix You — Because You’re Not Broken. Instead of enjoying the moment, you spend that time waiting for the other shoe to drop. 8. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. Bad news usually results in anxiety. B. Sometimes, success may contribute to more anxiety. C. Feelings have nothing to do with success. D. A promotion is sure to make people excited. 9. What leads people to be anxious when something good happens according to Manly? A. The rate of people’s brain reaction. B. The ability to distinguish feelings. C. The working speed of the brain’s fear circuit. D. The number of good things that happen. 10. Which of the following is stated by Jo Eckler? A. Nothing can prevent people’s anxiety after happiness. B. It’s time for people to forget bad things that happened in the past. C. Anxiety happens after success for people accustomed to feeling bad. D. The worry about bad future events can make people feel more anxious. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. How to Deal with Anxiety in Life. B. How to Feel Much Happier After Anxiety. C. Why You Get More Anxious After Good News Happens. D. The Reasons for Being Afraid Something Good Will Happen. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了为什么人们在好消息或成功之后反而会感到更加焦虑的现象。文章通过引用心理学家和临床心理学家的观点，解释了这一现象背后的原因，并指出了一些应对策略。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It’s actually not unusual to feel more anxious following good news or hard-earned success than you do when you’re putting out fires or working hard.(实际上，在好消息或来之不易的成功之后感到比救火或努力工作时更加焦虑并不罕见)”可知，成功有时反而会导致更多的焦虑。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The brain’s fear circuit (回路) works very quickly, and it doesn’t always stop to tell the difference between good anxiety and bad. So, when something good happens, the physical symptoms you feel are similar to those that you associate with panic or fear.(大脑的恐惧回路工作得非常快，它并不总是停下来区分好的焦虑和坏的焦虑。所以，当好事发生时，你感受到的身体症状与你与恐慌或恐惧相关的症状相似)”可知，大脑恐惧回路的工作速度很快，无法区分好的焦虑和坏的焦虑，所以当好事发生时，人们会感到焦虑。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “This reaction may also be worse because of a potential belief that the good event will probably be followed by something bad — perhaps because, in the past, bad things that have happened to you often occurred when you were doing well or things were relatively calm.(这种反应也可能因为一种潜在的信念而变得更糟，即好事之后可能会跟着坏事发生——也许是因为，在过去，发生在你身上的坏事往往发生在你做得很好或事情相对平静的时候)”可知，Jo Eckler认为对不好的未来事件的担忧会让人感到更加焦虑。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了有时候成功反而会导致更多的焦虑，第二段解释了大脑恐惧回路的工作速度很快，无法区分好的焦虑和坏的焦虑，所以当好事发生时，人们会感到焦虑，第三段讲述了一些应对方法，第四段解释了另一个导致焦虑的原因，即对不好的未来事件的担忧。由此可知，本文主要讲的是为什么人们在听到好消息后会感到更加焦虑，所以选项C“为什么好消息发生后你会更加焦虑”最符合文章主旨，可作为标题。故选C。 D Sonoma County is adding artificial intelligence to its wildfire fighting. The county has entered into an agreement with the South Korean firm Alchera to equip its network of fire-spotting cameras with software that detects wildfire activity and then issues a warning to authorities. The technology examines past and current images of terrain (地形;地势) and searches for certain changes, such as flames burning in darkness, said Chris Godley, the county’s director of emergency management. But emergency workers will first have to“teach”the system to distinguish between images that show fire smoke, and others that might show clouds, fog etc. The software will use feedback from humans to improve its algorithm(算法) and will eventually be able to detect fires on its own — or at least that’s what county officials hope. “It’s kind of like learning how to read,” Godley said. “What letters can I put together to make up a word?” The county activated the technology Wednesday and received 16 positive reports of smoke — all of which turned out to be permitted burns, he said. Once a seasonal ban on controlled burns goes into effect in April or May, the county plans to speed up the testing and feedback phase. The hope is that by November, the system will no longer need to be taught and can start providing reliable intelligence. Godley said. “It’s going to take us a while to make sure we get the bugs out and that we really can depend on it because ultimately this is a lifesaving mission.” The technology is intended to help officials investigate potential fire starts earlier so they can get personnel out to them more quickly and issue necessary warnings. Officials expect other places will adopt it if the technology is successful, particularly because it plugs into the camera network that’s already in place statewide. “We ultimately believe its potential could be realized in a year or two,” Godley said. “And it could really have a dramatic impact here in California.” 12. What does the system first have to do before being put into work? A. Equip its network of fire-spotting cameras with software. B. Learn to tell between images of fire smoke and other pictures. C. Use feedbacks to improve its ability to detect fire independently. D. Examine images of the terrain and search for any possible changes. 13. What do local officials expect the technology to accomplish? A. Be able to make positive reports of smoke. B. Be able to control seasonal burns in the area. C. Help them spot potential fire starts as soon as possible. D. Learn how to distinguish pictures of flames from clouds. 14. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 mean? A. kill all the bugs. B. get rid of mistakes C. provide reliable information D. speed up testing process 15. What does the author mainly intend to tell us? A. AI is creating a dramatic impact in California. B. AI is applied to monitor terrains in California. C. A new tool to help detect wildfire in California. D. A new way to put an end to wildfire in California. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了加利福尼亚引进一项新的人工智能软件，用来帮助尽快检测火灾，帮助与野火作斗争。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“But emergency workers will first have to“teach”the system to distinguish between images that show fire smoke, and others that might show clouds, fog etc.( 但应急救援人员首先必须“教”该系统来区分显示火灾烟雾的图像和其他可能显示云、雾等的图像)”可知，这个系统在投入工作之前必须学会区分火灾烟雾的图像和其他图像。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The hope is that by November, the system will no longer need to be taught and can start providing reliable intelligence(希望到11月，该系统将不再需要教授，并可以开始提供可靠的情报)”以及倒数第二段的“The technology is intended to help officials investigate potential fire starts earlier so they can get personnel out to them more quickly and issue necessary warnings.( 这项技术旨在帮助官员更早调查潜在的火灾，这样，他们就可以更快地通知工作人员，并发出必要的警告。)”可知，当地官员希望这项技术能够实现，帮助他们尽快地发现潜在的火灾。故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。上文“The hope is that by November, the system will no longer need to be taught and can start providing reliable intelligence.( 希望到11月，该系统将不再需要教授，并可以开始提供可靠的情报)，可知，人们期待该系统提供可靠的情报，结合Godley说的“It’s going to take us a while to make sure we get the bugs out and that we really can depend on it because ultimately this is a lifesaving mission.( 我们需要一段时间来确保我们get the bugs out，而且我们真的可以依靠它，因为最终这是一项拯救生命的任务。)”中的it指代上文提到的“the system”可推断，人们希望能够依靠这个系统提供可靠的情报，说明人们需要时间才能确保排除错误，这样就可以减少排除错误的时间，因此划线部分意思是“排除错误”。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段点明了主题，根据第一段内容“Sonoma County is adding artificial intelligence to its wildfire fighting. The county has entered into an agreement with the South Korean firm Alchera to equip its network of fire-spotting cameras with software that detects wildfire activity and then issues a warning to authorities.( 索诺玛县正在增加人工智能到野火战斗中，该县已与韩国阿尔切拉公司达成协议，为其火灾探测摄像头网络配备检测野火活动的软件，然后向当局发出警告)”可知，文章主要介绍了在加利福尼亚，一个新的工具被用来帮助探测野火，与野火作斗争。故选C。 第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Your culture is a huge part of who you are and the way you see the world. When you live in a place where your culture is the mainstream, you likely don’t have to put much effort into preserving it — it’s all around you! But what happens when younger generations lose contact with older generations? ___16___ Here are several things you can do. ___17___ Each culture has its own clothing, music, visual art, religious beliefs, and technology that make it special. Members of your cultural community will be overjoyed to teach or talk about their hobbies, jobs, projects, and what they do for fun. Attend or organize traditional cultural events. Your country, tribe, religious denomination (教派), or immigrant ethnic group almost certainly celebrates major holidays or cultural festivals. ___18___ If you can’t find any good events in your area, get some people together and organize your own. Cook family recipes handed down through generations. It’s never too late to whip up some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook! Traditional dishes play a big role in culture, with smells and tastes having powerful connections to memories. As you make noodles or bread, you’ re sure to think back to memories from your childhood or the holidays. ___19___ Spend time with other members of your cultural community. ___20___ Most importantly, that’s for ordinary meals and just conversation. Use these times to learn and keep alive the aspects of culture that are difficult to learn through books and museums, such as etiquette (礼仪), body language, and humor. A. Learn about your culture’s religious traditions. B. Share your culture’s characteristics with others. C. Tell examples of the knowledge that would be lost. D. Gather as a group not just for holidays and big events. E. Travel to these events to get a broader viewpoint on your culture. F. Just read an old recipe and you’ ll know how much kitchen tools have changed. G. If you don t actively preserve your culture, you risk losing the customs that give life meaning. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何保持和传承自身文化的几种方法。 【16题详解】 由上文“When you live in a place where your culture is the mainstream, you likely don’t have to put much effort into preserving it — it’s all around you! But what happens when younger generations lose contact with older generations? (当你生活在一个你的文化是主流的地方时，你可能不需要花太多精力去保护它——它就在你身边！但是当年轻一代与老一辈失去联系时会发生什么)”及下文“Here are several things you can do. (以下是你可以做的几件事)”可知，上文提到当年轻一代与老一辈失去联系时，文化可能会消失，下文则提到了一些保护文化的措施，可知空处应指出如果不主动保护文化，就会失去它。所以G选项“If you don’t actively preserve your culture, you risk losing the customs that give life meaning (如果你不主动保护你的文化，你就可能会失去那些赋予生活意义的习俗)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 由下文“Each culture has its own clothing, music, visual art, religious beliefs, and technology that make it special. Members of your cultural community will be overjoyed to teach or talk about their hobbies, jobs, projects, and what they do for fun.(每种文化都有其独特的服装、音乐、视觉艺术、宗教信仰和技术。你的文化社区的成员会非常高兴地教授或谈论他们的爱好、工作、项目以及他们的娱乐活动)”可知，空处应鼓励读者通过分享来促进文化的理解和保存，B选项“Share your culture’s characteristics with others(与他人分享你文化的特点)”能引起下文，符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 由上文“Attend or organize traditional cultural events. Your country, tribe, religious denomination (教派), or immigrant ethnic group almost certainly celebrates major holidays or cultural festivals.(参加或组织传统文化活动。你的国家、部落、宗教派别，或者移民族群几乎肯定会庆祝重大节日或文化节)”及下文“If you can’t find any good events in your area, get some people together and organize your own.(如果你在你的地区找不到任何好的活动，就召集一些人，自己组织)”可知，上文提到有庆祝节日或文化节的活动，下文则说如果没有这样的活动，就自己组织，可知空处应提到去参加这些活动，E选项“Travel to these events to get a broader viewpoint on your culture (去参加这些活动，以更广阔的视角看待你的文化)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 由上文“Cook family recipes handed down through generations. It’s never too late to whip up some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook! Traditional dishes play a big role in culture, with smells and tastes having powerful connections to memories. As you make noodles or bread, you’ re sure to think back to memories from your childhood or the holidays. (烹饪世代相传的家庭食谱。从你祖母的烹饪书中翻出一些食谱永远不会太晚！传统菜肴在文化中起着重要作用，气味和味道与记忆有着强大的联系。当你做面条或面包时，你一定会想起童年或假期的回忆)”可知，上文提到做传统食物会让人想起以前的记忆，空处应承接上文继续说明做传统食物的其他感受或影响，F选项“Just read an old recipe and you’ ll know how much kitchen tools have changed (只要看看旧食谱，你就会知道厨房用具发生了多大的变化)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 由上文“Spend time with other members of your cultural community.(花时间与你的文化社区的其他成员在一起)”及下文“Most importantly, that’s for ordinary meals and just conversation.(最重要的是，这是为了普通的饭菜和简单的交谈)”可知，上文提到要与文化社区的其他成员共度时光，下文则说最重要的是为了普通的饭菜和交谈，可知空处应指出不仅要在特殊场合相聚，也要在日常相聚。D选项“Gather as a group not just for holidays and big events(不仅仅是为了节日和重大事件才聚在一起)”指出最重要的相聚是在日常，能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) Whenever photographer Casey Ryan heads into the wilderness, he brings along his drone (无人机) to capture photographs from a bird’s eye view. Having the ____21____ device with him on a recent trip to the Cascades Mountain Range in Oregon saved his and another person’s ____22____. Casey was ____23____ through the Willamette National Forest when he ____24____ a stranger whose vehicle was stuck. Casey ____25____ to help get it out without hesitation. ____26____, he got his own vehicle stuck in a ditch while trying to help, leaving both people in ____27____ with no cell phone service for miles around. Casey immediately assessed the ____28____ and recalled a movie he’d seen recently in which a character used a drone to lift his phone high enough to capture a ____29____ in a similar situation, so he _____30_____ his device and got to work. First, he attached his cell phone _____31_____ to his drone. Then, he typed a series of messages to his wife. He told her where he was located in the park, and then launched the drone into the air. Somewhere up there over the tall trees, it _____32_____ a signal and whoosh! All of Casey’s texts were _____33_____. Rescuers arrived and saved both Casey and the other driver. Who knows, maybe future drones will have built-in _____34_____ features added to it _____35_____ this photographer’s practice. We’d buy a phone drone! 21. A. protecting B. detecting C. repairing D. flying 22. A. lives B. photos C. strength D. money 23. A. searching B. driving C. wandering D. slipping 24. A. rang up B. came across C. got rid of D. kept track of 25. A. managed B. pretended C. volunteered D. failed 26. A. Unnaturally B. Generally C. Unfortunately D. Gradually 27. A. peace B. trouble C. charge D. silence 28. A. standard B. damage C. evidence D. situation 29. A. bird B. picture C. signal D. radiation 30. A. put aside B. gave away C. pulled out D. broke up 31. A. securely B. accidentally C. freely D. carelessly 32. A. picked off B. picked out C. picked on D. picked up 33. A. typed B. hidden C. delayed D. sent 34. A. emergency B. camera C. lighting D. identifying 35. A. in line with B. in case of C. thanks to D. depending on 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了摄影师Casey Ryan在最近一次前往俄勒冈州喀斯喀特山脉的旅行中，他利用随身携带的无人机，救了他和另一个人的命。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最近一次前往俄勒冈州喀斯喀特山脉的旅行中，他随身携带了这个飞行装置，救了他和另一个人的命。A. protecting保护；B. detecting发现；C. repairing修理；D. flying疾驰，飞 。根据上文“his drone (无人机)”可知，无人机属于飞行装置。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最近一次前往俄勒冈州喀斯喀特山脉的旅行中，他随身携带了这个飞行装置，救了他和另一个人的命。A. lives生命；B. photos照片；C. strength力量；D. money钱。根据下文“Rescuers arrived and saved both Casey and the other driver.”可知，他随身携带了这个飞行装置，救了他和另一个人的命。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当凯西开车穿过威拉米特国家森林时，他遇到了一个陌生人，他的车被困住了。A. searching搜索；B. driving开车；C. wandering徘徊；D. slipping滑倒。根据下文“he got his own vehicle”可知，凯西开车穿过威拉米特国家森林。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯西开车穿过威拉米特国家森林时，他遇到了一个陌生人，他的车被困住了。A. rang up结账；B. came across偶遇；C. got rid of 处理；D. kept track of跟踪，记录。根据下文“a stranger whose vehicle was stuck”可知，他遇到了一个陌生人。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯西毫不犹豫地自愿帮忙把它弄出来。A. managed管理；B. pretended假装；C. volunteered自愿做……；D. failed失败。根据下文“without hesitation”可知，凯西毫不犹豫地自愿帮忙。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当他试图帮忙时，他自己的车陷入了沟里，这让两个人都陷入了困境，因为周围几英里都没有手机服务。A. Unnaturally不自然地；B. Generally普遍地；C. Unfortunately不幸运地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据下文“he got his own vehicle stuck in a ditch”可知，不幸的是，他自己的车陷入了沟里。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当他试图帮忙时，他自己的车陷入了沟里，这让两个人都陷入了困境，因为周围几英里都没有手机服务。A. peace和平；B. trouble困境；C. charge电荷； D. silence沉默。根据上文“Casey ____5____ to help get it out without hesitation. ____6____ , he got his own vehicle stuck in a ditch while trying to help”可知，两人都陷入了困境。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯西立即对情况进行了评估，并想起了他最近看过的一部电影，在这部电影中，一个角色使用无人机将他的手机举得足够高，以便在类似的情况下捕捉到信号，所以他拿出他的设备开始工作。A. standard标准；B. damage损坏；C. evidence证据；D. situation情况，困境。根据下文“a similar situation”可知，凯西立即对情况进行了评估。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯西立即对情况进行了评估，并想起了他最近看过的一部电影，在这部电影中，一个角色使用无人机将他的手机举得足够高，以便在类似的情况下捕捉到信号，所以他拿出他的设备开始工作。A. bird鸟；B. picture图片；C. signal信号；D. radiation辐射。根据下文“a signal”可知，此处指捕捉信号。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯西立即对情况进行了评估，并想起了他最近看过的一部电影，在这部电影中，一个角色使用无人机将他的手机举得足够高，以便在类似的情况下捕捉到信号，所以他拿出他的设备开始工作。A. put aside搁置；B. gave away泄露；C. pulled out拔出，拿出；D. broke up分解。根据下文“got to work.”可知，他拿出他的设备开始工作。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：首先，他把手机牢牢地绑在无人机上。A. securely安全地，牢固地；B. accidentally偶然地；C. freely自由地；D. carelessly粗心地。根据上文“ attached his cell phone”可推知，此处指防止手机掉落，所以要将手机牢牢地绑在无人机上。 故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在高高的树上方的某个地方，它接收到了一个信号，嗖的一声！A. picked off逐个射击；B. picked out挑选出；C. picked on找茬；D. picked up拾起，接收。根据下文“a signal and whoosh”可知，接收到了一个信号。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯西所有的短信都发出去了。A. typed打字；B. hidden躲藏；C. delayed延期；D. sent发送。根据上文“Somewhere up there over the tall trees, it picked up a signal and whoosh!”可知，此处指接收到了信号，所以短信都发出去了。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：谁知道呢，也许由于这位摄影师的实践，未来的无人机会有内置的应急功能。A. emergency紧急情况；B. camera照相机；C. lighting灯光；D. identifying识别。根据上文“leaving both people in trouble”可知，此处指二人都陷入了困境，所以是紧急情况，未来的无人机会有内置的应急功能。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：谁知道呢，也许由于这位摄影师的实践，未来的无人机会有内置的应急功能。A. in line with与……一致；B. in case of以防；C. thanks to多亏了，由于；D. depending on依靠。根据“this photographer’s practice”可知，由于这位摄影师的实践，未来的无人机会有内置的应急功能。为因果关系。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to addictive foods and foods which are more than worthy of being spread all over social media Chinese sugar painting deserves some time in the spotlight. Sugar painting is ___36___ conventional Chinese form of folk art. Hot liquid sugar is used ___37___ (create) two dimensional figures like small animals. Sugar art is pretty popular ___38___ children, but it’s beautiful enough to attract just about anyone. Hot sugar is poured slowly in a thin line from a small spoon onto a flat surface(usually made of metal) and the outline of the figure ___39___ (draw) with a relatively thick stream of sugar. After the main outline is done, thinner ___40___ (support) strings of sugar are placed to support the outline and fill in the figure of the body in a ___41___ (combine) of swirls, zig-zags or other patterns. The whole design is held by a wooden stick. Customers ___42___ (traditional) spin(旋转) an arrow on a wheel, which lands on a certain figure ___43___ (inspire) by nature or wildlife in forms like a dragon, fish, monkey, dog, bird or flower basket. This ancient Sichuan art form might not be as common as it once was, ___44___ it still has the power to interest tourists ___45___ come across talented street artists making these amazing creations. 【答案】36. a 37. to create 38. with 39. is drawn 40. supporting 41. combination 42. traditionally 43. inspired 44. but 45. who##that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍传统艺术——糖画。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：糖画是中国传统的民间艺术形式。分析句子可知，这里表示“一个中国传统的民间艺术形式”，为泛指概念，应用不定冠词，且conventional为辅音音素开始的单词。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：热的液态糖被用来创造像小动物一样的二维图形。分析句子可知，这里考查be used to d sth表“被用来做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to create。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：糖艺术很受孩子们的欢迎，但它足够美丽，几乎可以吸引任何人。分析句子可知，这里表示be popular with sb表“受某人欢迎”，为固定搭配。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：热糖从一个小勺子里以细线慢慢倒在一个平坦的表面上（通常由金属制成），用相对较浓的糖流画出图形的轮廓。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，the outline of the figure与draw为被动关系，且由and前is poured可知，这里也应用一般现在时。故填is drawn。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：主轮廓完成后，放置更薄的糖支撑线来支撑轮廓，并以漩涡、Z字形或其他图案的组合填充身体的形状。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，supporting表“支撑的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填supporting。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：主轮廓完成后，放置更薄的糖支撑线来支撑轮廓，并以漩涡、Z字形或其他图案的组合填充身体的形状。分析句子可知，冠词a后面应填可数名词单数形式。故填combination。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统上，顾客在轮子上旋转箭头，箭头落在某个受自然或野生动物启发的物体上，形状如龙、鱼、猴子、狗、鸟或花篮。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面动词。故填traditionally。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：传统上，顾客在轮子上旋转箭头，箭头落在某个受自然或野生动物启发物体上，形状如龙、鱼、猴子、狗、鸟或花篮。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，a certain figure和inspire为被动关系，再由句意可知，此空应填过去分词作定语。故填inspired。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：这种古老的四川艺术形式可能不像以前那么常见了，但它仍然有力量吸引游客，因为他们遇到了才华横溢的街头艺术家，正在创作这些令人惊叹的作品。分析句子可知，此空前后两句为转折关系，所以这里应用并列连词but。故填but。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种古老的四川艺术形式可能不像以前那么常见了，但它仍然有力量吸引游客，因为他们遇到了才华横溢的街头艺术家，正在创作这些令人惊叹的作品。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为 tourists，为人，在从句中作主语，所以这里应用关系代词who或者that。故填who或者that。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是某英文网站负责人李华，你们网站近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的海报设计大赛，在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息，请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 大赛目的；2. 作品要求；3. 参赛方式。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Freddie, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Freddie, Exceedingly delighted to know that you intend to participate in the poster design contest themed on ocean protection, I’m writing to inform you of some detailed information. In a bid to arouse the awareness of marine conservation, the Student Union organizes this contest, where all the students are welcome to submit their entries. Originality, by all means, is the first requirement. Plus, the poster you design should be inspiring and thought-provoking, clearly illustrating the significance of the ocean and the urgency to protect it. Moreover, a powerful slogan is also preferred, which will make your work more persuasive and impressive. If you are interested, submit your entry before November 10th to English club@163.com. Looking forward to your participation. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给咨询海报设计大赛相关信息的在华交换生Freddie回信，需向他说明大赛目的，描述作品要求和参赛方式。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 打算做：intend to do→plan to do 安排：organize→arrange 重要性：significance→importance 有说服力的：persuasive→convincing 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Originality by all means, is the first requirement. 拓展句：By all means, it is required that your design should be original. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Exceedingly delighted to know that you intend to participate in the poster design contest themed on ocean protection, I’m writing to inform you of some detailed information. (运用了that引导名词性从句作know的宾语) [高分句型2] In a bid to arouse the awareness of marine conservation, the Student Union organizes this contest, where all the students are welcome to submit their entries. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3] Plus, the poster you design should be inspiring and thought-provoking, clearly illustrating the significance of the ocean and the urgency to protect it. (运用了that或which引导限制性定语从句并被省略) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Para 1 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure. Para 2 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次因风暴延误的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租车前往车站赶最后一班去布拉格的公共汽车。司机冈特不熟悉车站位置，通过电话求助后顺利抵达。到达时作者却发现自己没带现金，尝试用葡萄牙银行卡支付没有成功，而车站的取款机也故障了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我跑回到冈特那里，告诉他这个坏消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者留下冈特的电话，承诺会还钱给对方，冈特同意，最终作者及时登上了公共汽车。 ②由第二段首句内容“四天后，当我回到维也纳时，我按照承诺给冈特打了电话。”可知，第二段可描写作者付费给冈特，并向对方表示感激，两人成为了好朋友。 2.续写线索：作者给出解决办法——承诺还钱——冈特同意——作者登上公共汽车——履行承诺还钱——两人成为朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拒绝：reject/refuse ②给某人拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb. ③记下，写下：write down/set down 情绪类 ①难以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably ②开心地：happily/joyfully 【点睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 大庆一中2024级高一下学期开学验收考试 英语试卷 试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman probably do this afternoon? A. Go to the Olympic Games. B. Visit her friends. C. Stay at home. 2. Who planted the trees? A. Henry. B. The woman. C. Someone else. 3. What happened to the woman? A. She got promoted last week. B. She got fired today. C. She was fooled by the man. 4. Why does Mary call the man? A. To cancel an appointment. B. To reschedule an appointment. C. To confirm an appointment. 5. What happened to the woman? A. She misunderstood the man. B. She changed the reservation to 7:00. C. She wanted to take the 6:00 flight. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What do we know about the woman’s document? A. It’s written in English. B. It’s about 30,000 words. C. It’s a textbook. 7. Which language is the most difficult according to the man? A. Spanish. B. Arabic. C. English. 8. What does the woman decide to do? A. Translate the document herself. B. Look for another translator. C. Hire the man to do the translation. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 9. Why didn’t the woman see all of the collections at the museum? A. The museum is too large. B. Only the jade exhibit was open. C. She spent too much time at one exhibit. 10. What did the woman like the most? A. The primitive tools of Peking Man. B. The artistic works from the Qing Dynasty. C. The collection of jade from the earliest time period. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11 Why does the girl want to have a car? A. To travel with her friends. B. To be independent. C. To show off. 12. Where does the girl study? A. In a high school. B. In a middle school. C. In a university. 13. Why doesn’t the man buy his daughter a car now? A He can’t afford another car. B. He wants his daughter to ea m a car. C. He thinks his daughter is too young to drive. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. In the hospital. C. In the woman’s home. 15. What was the purpose of the meeting? A. To fire the woman. B. To ask about the woman’s family. C. To find out why the woman’s recent work was poor. 16. What happened to the woman’s mother? A. She died of stomach cancer. B. She had a car accident. C. She was seriously sick. 17. What was Mr. Travers’ attitude to the woman in the end? A. He was angry. B. He was kind. C. He was critical. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Where was Brandon last seen? A. In the toys section. B. In the sporting goods section. C. In the frozen foods section. 19. What is Brandon wearing A. A dark shirt and blue jeans. B. Blue jeans and a black baseball cap. C. A white shirt and a red baseball cap. 20. What should guests do if they see the boy? A. Take him to the security desk. B. Take him to the Pizza Hut. C. Call the security department. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Visiting a waterfall gives you a unique experience. Here we have made a list of some of the best waterfalls in the world that you must visit at least once in a lifetime. Yosemite Falls Yosemite National Park is very popular because of Yosemite Falls, which is really amazing. With a backdrop of 739 meters, it hosts several waterfalls in it. The waterfalls flow down in three levels. In the spring, water is roaring off the falls and they look best during late May or even during early June. In the early fall and late summer, the falls have often dried up altogether. Grawa Waterfall Measuring 85 meters in width, the Grawa Waterfall in the Upper Stubaital Valley is the widest in the whole eastern Alps. Fed by a number of glacial streams (冰源河), the Sulzaubach river shoots over a huge rock at a total height of 180 meters. This impressive sight can be admired from viewing platforms at the top and bottom. The Rhine Falls The Rhine Falls in northern Switzerland are Europe’s largest waterfall. High above the falls, you can feel the roar (咆哮) of the water and the shakes throughout your body. The two towering rocks in the middle of the falls are the symbols of the waterfall, which visitors on a circular tour can see up close. The platform over the Rhine River is the perfect place to view the natural landscape. Browne Falls As one of the highest or the largest waterfall in New Zealand, Browne Falls drop from a height of 857 meters are a sight to behold. Browne Falls owes (归功于) its name to the photographer Victor Carlyle Browne. It was during one of his flights in 1940 that led to the discovery of both Lake Browne and the picturesque falls. 1. When is probably the worst time to watch Yosemite Falls? A. In April. B. In May. C. In June. D. In August. 2. What is special about The Rhine Falls? A. It has huge stones in the center. B. It can be best viewed from the top. C. It is the largest waterfall in the world. D. Its water is from several glacial streams. 3. Which of the following waterfalls is named after a photographer? A. Yosemite Falls. B. Grawa Waterfall. C. The Rhine Falls. D. Browne Falls. B A research team led by Del Pozo Cruz from-the-University of Southern Denmark: recently published a study that found walking 10,000 steps a day lowered the risk for dementia (痴呆症) by 50%. However, if walking occurred at a brisk: pace of 112 steps a minute for 30 minutes, it maximized risk reduction, leading to a 62% reduction in dementia risk. The 30 minutes of fast-paced walking didn’t have to occur all at once - it could be spread out over the day. “Our lake is that intensity of stepping matters - over and above volume,” said Cruz. The new study followed 78,500 people between the ages of 40 and 79 from England, Scotland and Wales who wore wrist step counters for 24 hours a day over a seven day stretch. After counting each person’s total number of steps each day, researchers placed them into two categories: Fewer than 40 steps per minute, which is more like when you’ re walking from room to room - and more than 40 steps per minute, or so-called “purposeful” walking. A third category was created for peak performers - those who took the most steps per minute within 30 minutes over the course of a day. About seven years later, researchers compared that data to medical records and found people who took the most steps per minute showed the biggest reduction in risk for cancer, heart disease and early death from any cause. Researchers found the association between peak 30-minute steps and risk reduction to be dependent on the disease studied: There was a 62% reduction for dementia, an 80% decline for cardiovascular disease and death, and about a 20% drop in risk for cancer. What’s the takeaway? You don’t have to fixate on the numbers of steps. “Spend 30 minutes being breathless at whatever pace you’ re at, and then keep challenging yourself to be slightly unsatisfied at your current level so you can get better and better,” said Dr. Andrew Freeman. 4 Which aspect of walking does the study focus on? A. Its length. B. Its time. C. Its popularity. D. Its pace. 5. What can we learn about the subjects in the third category? A. They are from Wales. B. They walk the quickest. C. They walk without step counters. D. They are the oldest. 6. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the study? A. Its theoretical significance. B. Its medical application. C. Its findings. D. Its procedures. 7. What does Freeman suggest walkers do? A. Spare themselves 30 minutes every day. B. Aim a little higher than their present level. C. Set a specific goal for themselves each day. D. Count their steps as exactly as possible. C When you accomplish something amazing — like earning a promotion, finishing a yearlong project or finally paying off your credit card debts — you’d think a burst of happiness would be followed by relief. You can even relax a little. Right? Not for everyone. It’s actually not unusual to feel more anxious following good news or hard-earned success than you do when you’re putting out fires or working hard. “Anxiety can be a bit tricky, as it’s a response that’s hard-wired into the brain,” said Carla Marie Manly, a California-based clinical psychologist and author of Joy from Fear. “The brain’s fear circuit (回路) works very quickly, and it doesn’t always stop to tell the difference between good anxiety and bad. So, when something good happens, the physical symptoms you feel are similar to those that you associate with panic or fear.” There are some things you can do when accomplishing something positive triggers (触发) more anxiety. But even when you are able to distinguish between feelings of excitement (good stress) and panic (bad stress) after success, the climb down from Mount Euphoria can be an anxiety trigger in itself. When your body becomes accustomed to a long-time state of anxiety, the positive physiological changes that happen after good news can trigger the sense that something isn’t right — simply because you’ re not used to feeling good. This reaction may also be worse because of a potential belief that the good event will probably be followed by something bad — perhaps because, in the past, bad things that have happened to you often occurred when you were doing well or things were relatively calm, said Jo Eckler, a Texas-based clinical psychologist and author of I Can’t Fix You — Because You’re Not Broken. Instead of enjoying the moment, you spend that time waiting for the other shoe to drop. 8. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. Bad news usually results in anxiety. B. Sometimes, success may contribute to more anxiety. C. Feelings have nothing to do with success. D. A promotion is sure to make people excited. 9. What leads people to be anxious when something good happens according to Manly? A. The rate of people’s brain reaction. B. The ability to distinguish feelings. C. The working speed of the brain’s fear circuit. D. The number of good things that happen. 10. Which of the following is stated by Jo Eckler? A. Nothing can prevent people’s anxiety after happiness. B. It’s time for people to forget bad things that happened in the past. C. Anxiety happens after success for people accustomed to feeling bad. D. The worry about bad future events can make people feel more anxious. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. How to Deal with Anxiety in Life. B. How to Feel Much Happier After Anxiety. C. Why You Get More Anxious After Good News Happens. D. The Reasons for Being Afraid Something Good Will Happen. D Sonoma County is adding artificial intelligence to its wildfire fighting The county has entered into an agreement with the South Korean firm Alchera to equip its network of fire-spotting cameras with software that detects wildfire activity and then issues a warning to authorities. The technology examines past and current images of terrain (地形;地势) and searches for certain changes, such as flames burning in darkness, said Chris Godley, the county’s director of emergency management. But emergency workers will first have to“teach”the system to distinguish between images that show fire smoke, and others that might show clouds, fog etc. The software will use feedback from humans to improve its algorithm(算法) and will eventually be able to detect fires on its own — or at least that’s what county officials hope. “It’s kind of like learning how to read” Godley said. “What letters can I put together to make up a word?” The county activated the technology Wednesday and received 16 positive reports of smoke — all of which turned out to be permitted burns, he said. Once a seasonal ban on controlled burns goes into effect in April or May, the county plans to speed up the testing and feedback phase. The hope is that by November, the system will no longer need to be taught and can start providing reliable intelligence. Godley said. “It’s going to take us a while to make sure we get the bugs out and that we really can depend on it because ultimately this is a lifesaving mission.” The technology is intended to help officials investigate potential fire starts earlier so they can get personnel out to them more quickly and issue necessary warnings. Officials expect other places will adopt it if the technology is successful, particularly because it plugs into the camera network that’s already in place statewide. “We ultimately believe its potential could be realized in a year or two,” Godley said. “And it could really have a dramatic impact here in California.” 12. What does the system first have to do before being put into work? A. Equip its network of fire-spotting cameras with software. B. Learn to tell between images of fire smoke and other pictures. C. Use feedbacks to improve its ability to detect fire independently. D. Examine images of the terrain and search for any possible changes. 13. What do local officials expect the technology to accomplish? A. Be able to make positive reports of smoke. B. Be able to control seasonal burns in the area. C. Help them spot potential fire starts as soon as possible. D. Learn how to distinguish pictures of flames from clouds. 14. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 mean? A. kill all the bugs. B. get rid of mistakes C. provide reliable information D. speed up testing process 15. What does the author mainly intend to tell us? A. AI is creating a dramatic impact in California. B. AI is applied to monitor terrains in California. C. A new tool to help detect wildfire in California. D. A new way to put an end to wildfire in California. 第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Your culture is a huge part of who you are and the way you see the world. When you live in a place where your culture is the mainstream, you likely don’t have to put much effort into preserving it — it’s all around you! But what happens when younger generations lose contact with older generations? ___16___ Here are several things you can do. ___17___ Each culture has its own clothing, music, visual art, religious beliefs, and technology that make it special. Members of your cultural community will be overjoyed to teach or talk about their hobbies, jobs, projects, and what they do for fun. Attend or organize traditional cultural events. Your country, tribe, religious denomination (教派), or immigrant ethnic group almost certainly celebrates major holidays or cultural festivals. ___18___ If you can’t find any good events in your area, get some people together and organize your own. Cook family recipes handed down through generations. It’s never too late to whip up some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook! Traditional dishes play a big role in culture, with smells and tastes having powerful connections to memories. As you make noodles or bread, you’ re sure to think back to memories from your childhood or the holidays. ___19___ Spend time with other members of your cultural community. ___20___ Most importantly, that’s for ordinary meals and just conversation. Use these times to learn and keep alive the aspects of culture that are difficult to learn through books and museums, such as etiquette (礼仪), body language, and humor. A. Learn about your culture’s religious traditions. B. Share your culture’s characteristics with others. C. Tell examples of the knowledge that would be lost. D. Gather as a group not just for holidays and big events. E. Travel to these events to get a broader viewpoint on your culture. F. Just read an old recipe and you’ ll know how much kitchen tools have changed. G. If you don t actively preserve your culture, you risk losing the customs that give life meaning. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) Whenever photographer Casey Ryan heads into the wilderness, he brings along his drone (无人机) to capture photographs from a bird’s eye view. Having the ____21____ device with him on a recent trip to the Cascades Mountain Range in Oregon saved his and another person’s ____22____. Casey was ____23____ through the Willamette National Forest when he ____24____ a stranger whose vehicle was stuck. Casey ____25____ to help get it out without hesitation. ____26____, he got his own vehicle stuck in a ditch while trying to help, leaving both people in ____27____ with no cell phone service for miles around. Casey immediately assessed the ____28____ and recalled a movie he’d seen recently in which a character used a drone to lift his phone high enough to capture a ____29____ in a similar situation, so he _____30_____ his device and got to work. First, he attached his cell phone _____31_____ to his drone. Then, he typed a series of messages to his wife. He told her where he was located in the park, and then launched the drone into the air. Somewhere up there over the tall trees, it _____32_____ a signal and whoosh! All of Casey’s texts were _____33_____. Rescuers arrived and saved both Casey and the other driver. Who knows, maybe future drones will have built-in _____34_____ features added to it _____35_____ this photographer’s practice. We’d buy a phone drone! 21. A. protecting B. detecting C. repairing D. flying 22. A. lives B. photos C. strength D. money 23. A. searching B. driving C. wandering D. slipping 24. A. rang up B. came across C. got rid of D. kept track of 25. A. managed B. pretended C. volunteered D. failed 26. A. Unnaturally B. Generally C. Unfortunately D. Gradually 27. A. peace B. trouble C. charge D. silence 28. A. standard B. damage C. evidence D. situation 29. A. bird B. picture C. signal D. radiation 30. A. put aside B. gave away C. pulled out D. broke up 31. A. securely B. accidentally C. freely D. carelessly 32. A. picked off B. picked out C. picked on D. picked up 33. A. typed B. hidden C. delayed D. sent 34. A. emergency B. camera C. lighting D. identifying 35. A. in line with B. in case of C. thanks to D. depending on 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to addictive foods and foods which are more than worthy of being spread all over social media, Chinese sugar painting deserves some time in the spotlight. Sugar painting is ___36___ conventional Chinese form of folk art. Hot liquid sugar is used ___37___ (create) two dimensional figures like small animals. Sugar art is pretty popular ___38___ children, but it’s beautiful enough to attract just about anyone. Hot sugar is poured slowly in a thin line from a small spoon onto a flat surface(usually made of metal) and the outline of the figure ___39___ (draw) with a relatively thick stream of sugar. After the main outline is done, thinner ___40___ (support) strings of sugar are placed to support the outline and fill in the figure of the body in a ___41___ (combine) of swirls, zig-zags or other patterns. The whole design is held by a wooden stick. Customers ___42___ (traditional) spin(旋转) an arrow on a wheel, which lands on a certain figure ___43___ (inspire) by nature or wildlife in forms like a dragon, fish, monkey, dog, bird or flower basket. This ancient Sichuan art form might not be as common as it once was, ___44___ it still has the power to interest tourists ___45___ come across talented street artists making these amazing creations. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是某英文网站负责人李华，你们网站近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的海报设计大赛，在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息，请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 大赛目的；2. 作品要求；3. 参赛方式。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Freddie, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$