小升初语法专项之指示代词（讲义）-2024-2025学年人教PEP版英语六年级下册

小升初语法专项——指示代词讲义+练习（含答案） 【讲义部分】 一、指示代词的基本概念 指示代词是用来指代特定的人或事物的词语。常见的指示代词有：this, that, these, those。它们帮助我们在不重复提及具体名词的情况下，明确所指的对象。 例句： This is my book. (这是我的书。) 在这里，“this”用来代替“my book”，避免了重复。 二、近指和远指 this 和 these 用于指近处的事物，that 和 those 用于指远处的事物。这种区别有助于在对话中清晰地表明说话者所指的是哪个对象，特别是在没有直接指向的情况下。 例句： This apple is red. (这个苹果是红色的。) 使用“this”表示说话者附近的一个苹果。 Those flowers are beautiful. (那些花很漂亮。) 使用“those”来指代距离较远的一组花。 三、单数与复数 this 和 that 后面接单数名词；these 和 those 后面接复数名词。正确使用单复数形式的指示代词对于准确传达信息至关重要。 例句： That car is fast. (那辆车很快。) “car”为单数，因此使用“that”。 These pencils are sharp. (这些铅笔很尖。) “pencils”为复数，所以使用“these”。 四、作为形容词使用 指示代词也可以用作形容词，修饰后面的名词，这时它们通常被称为指示形容词。当用作形容词时，它们紧邻被修饰的名词之前，帮助限定或描述该名词。 例句： I like this jacket more than that one. (我更喜欢这件夹克而不是那件。) 这里的“this”和“that”都作为形容词使用，分别修饰“jacket”和“one”。 【练习部分】 一、单项选择 （ ）1. Is ____ your pen? A) this B) that C) these D) those （ ）2. Look at ____ birds over there. A) this B) that C) these D) those （ ）3. Can you pass me ____ salt? A) this B) that C) these D) those （ ）4. Are ____ keys yours? A) this B) that C) these D) those （ ）5. ____ is my favorite toy. A) This B) That C) These D) Those （ ）6. Please bring me ____ book on the desk. A) this B) that C) these D) those （ ）7. Do you see ____ lady in red? A) this B) that C) these D) those （ ）8. ____ dogs belong to my neighbor. A) This B) That C) These D) Those （ ）9. Could you tell me if ____ umbrella is mine? A) this B) that C) these D) those （ ）10. ____ shoes are too small for me. A) This B) That C) These D) Those 二、用适当的指示代词填空 1. _______ computer is new. 2. _______ trees outside the window are very tall. 3. I prefer _______ coffee to _______ tea. 4. _______ pencil is broken, but _______ one is not. 5. Can you give me _______ information about the meeting? 6. _______ students in our class are very friendly. 7. _______ flower smells so sweet. 8. _______ bag looks just like mine. 9. _______ apples are ripe and ready to eat. 10. _______ picture on the wall is very nice. 三、翻译句子 1. 这是我的新自行车。 __________________________________________________ 2. 那些孩子在公园里玩得很开心。 __________________________________________________ 3. 请把那边的书递给我。 __________________________________________________ 4. 这个问题很难回答。 __________________________________________________ 5. 我更喜欢这条裙子而不是那条。 __________________________________________________ 6. 那个包看起来像我的。 __________________________________________________ 7. 这些橘子非常甜。 __________________________________________________ 8. 你能告诉我这幅画的故事吗？ __________________________________________________ 9. 我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。 __________________________________________________ 10. 这台电脑是我哥哥的。 __________________________________________________ 4、 短文填空 My family and I went to the park last Sunday. The weather was perfect for a picnic. We took some sandwiches, fruits, and drinks with us. ______(1) sandwiches were made by my mom. They were delicious. ______(2) day was warm but not too hot. While we were enjoying our meal, we noticed ______(3) kids playing nearby. ______(4) kids seemed to be having so much fun. After lunch, we decided to take a walk around the park. There were many beautiful flowers in different colors. ______(5) flowers near the entrance were especially eye-catching. As we continued walking, we saw ______(6) old man feeding pigeons. ______(7) pigeons gathered around him eagerly waiting for food. Later on, we played some games together. ______(8) game we enjoyed the most was hide-and-seek. It was getting late, and we had to leave. Before leaving, we looked back at ______(9) wonderful day we had spent. We promised each other that we would come here again soon. 【参考答案】 一、单项选择 1-5 BDBCA 6-10 BBDBC 二、用适当的指示代词填空 1. This 2. Those 3. this, that 4. This, that 5. that 6. These 7. This 8. That 9. These 10. That 3、 翻译句子 1. This is my new bike. 2. Those children are having a great time in the park. 3. Please pass me the book over there. 4. This question is hard to answer. 5. I prefer this dress to that one. 6. That bag looks like mine. 7. These oranges are very sweet. 8. Can you tell me the story of this painting? 9. We should help those who need help. 10. This computer belongs to my brother. 4、 短文填空 1. These - 指的是前面提到的三明治，由于是复数形式，所以用these。 2. This - 指的是当天，因为是一天，所以使用单数形式this。 3. some - 在这里并不需要指示代词，而是表示数量的一些（some）。 4. The - 用来指代前一句提到的孩子们，强调特定的人群，使用定冠词the代替指示代词。 5. The - 特指入口处的那些花，再次强调特指性，使用定冠词the。 6. An - 表示一个老人，并非强调特指，因此使用不定冠词an。 7. The - 特指围绕着老人的鸽子，强调特定的一群，使用定冠词the。 8. The - 特指他们最喜欢的游戏，强调特指性，使用定冠词the。 9. the - 回顾那天的美好时光，强调特指那一天，使用定冠词the。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$