课时作业3 阅读专项（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2024）

课时作业(三)　阅读专项 (建议用时：35分钟) Ⅰ.第一节 If you had an extra $100, how would you use it to bring more kindness in your community? If you have a creative to that question, read our FAQ below and apply for our monthly contest. What is it? Kindness-In-Action helps individuals put kindness idea into action.People from all around the world submit their ideas on what they would do if they had an extra $100, and KindSpring selects a winner every month. How does it work? First, you submit your idea, and if it gets selected, you'll hear from one of our volunteer reviewers about setting up a phone or Skype call.Following that, we'll mail you a check, you'll have a month to implement(实施) the idea in your community, and then share your experience and photos with the KindSpring community.We'll also it in our monthly newsletter that reaches more than 100 thousand people in 150 countries, so others can share the idea and spread more love! What is the criteria for selection? Your personal intention, creative use of Smile Cards, potential ripple effect (连锁反应) in the local community, and the votes from the KindSpring community (existing members can login and vote as well)．Ultimately, we are trying to inspire small (not big！) acts of kindness. How did you start? We received an unexpected donation in May.To share in the joy, we posted a small blurb in our online community asking for ideas.In less than couple weeks, more than 50 ideas were submitted and dozens of people helped us evaluate the ideas by adding “smiles”．On July 1st, we announced our first winner and a commitment to continue this experiment.The aim of the experiment continues to be: To inspire creative acts of kindness in local communities, to empower individuals to practice generosity, to model a trust-drive philanthropy(慈善事业), and to spread good ideas. Click Here to Apply.Or join our community and help us select the next winner. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/社会服务。本文为应用文，主要介绍了一项名为Kindness-In-Action的活动。该活动鼓励人们用额外的一百美元在社区中传播更多的善意。 1．What can we learn from the text? A．A winner is selected every year. B．Only people from America can submit their ideas. C．An unexpected act of kindness contributes to its . D．The one selected needs to use his or her own money to implement the idea. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据How did you start？部分前两句可知，一个意想不到的的善举促成了该活动，故选C项。 2．What's the purpose of Kindness-In-Action? A．To choose more wise consumers. B．To promote international cooperation. C．To arouse people to express themselves. D．To encourage acts of kindness and spread good ideas. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据How did you start？部分末句可知，Kindness-In-Action的目的是鼓励善良的行为，传播好的思想，故选D项。 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A textbook.　　　 B．A guidebook. C．A website. D．A report. 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。根据最后一段中Click Here to Apply可知，这篇文章可能来自一个网站，故选C项。 Babusha, or “eight-step sands”， got its name because the desert was always just eight steps away from the farmers' doors.Today, the desert's southward movement has been stopped thanks to a green belt planted in the last 40 years by Guo Wangang and his .As a result, Guo was named a National Model in 2020. Guo is only part of the second generation of “soldiers” to fight against the desert.His father was one of the six men who first began planting trees in Babusha. When Guo's father fell ill in 1983, he hoped that his son would follow in his footsteps. Guo remembers being reluctant to give up his stable government job.“My father repeatedly stressed that we had to make sure our farms weren't eaten by the desert，” Guo said, adding that he eventually agreed to work at the farm because he didn't want to see the trees die. However, it was the deadly sandstorm in 1993 that turned Guo into a determined “soldier”．The fast moving brown wall of dust reached high into the sky and turned day into night.Guo was working in the desert with his colleagues when it hit.They only managed to get home after trekking for six hours in darkness.Later, he learned that 23 students were found dead in a river as they tried to get home from school during the sandstorm. Since then, Guo and his colleagues have continued planting trees every spring and fall, pruning(修剪) them in winter and watching out for fire.Their struggle continues.Today more and more young people have joined with scientific and innovative methods.For example, the farm now is subsidized(资助) by Ant Forest, a public welfare project launched by the e-commerce giant, Alibaba.It rewards users with virtual energy in exchange for low-carbon activities, which can then be used to do things, like having trees planted. “We need more such young people to help us find other advanced and engineering methods for desertification control，” said Guo Wangang. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/公益事业与志愿服务。本文为记叙文，主要讲述经过郭万刚和同事们几十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明显。 4．What was Guo Wangang's first reaction to his father's request? A．He advised his father to stop planting trees. B．He was unwilling to give up his stable job. C．He immediately agreed to work at the farm. D．He was determined to fight against the desert. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段末句和第三段首句可知，郭万刚对父亲请求的第一反应是不愿意放弃稳定的政府部门工作而去种树，故选B项。 5．Which marks the turning point in Guo Wangang's desert-fighting career? A．Finishing the green belt. B．Winning National Moral Model title. C．Seeing his father's falling ill. D．Experiencing a deadly sandstorm. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，经历一场致命的沙尘暴成为郭万刚治理沙漠的转折点，故选D项。 6．Why does the author mention Ant Forest? A．To show young people's creative methods. B．To advocate the low-carbon way of living. C．To praise Ant Forest's unique contribution. D．To indicate Guo and his team's difficulties. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，提到“蚂蚁森林”是为了表明年轻人具有创意的方法，故选A项。 7．What does the author try to express with Guo's story? A．Well begun is half done. B．One tree doesn't make a forest. C．Opportunity favours only the prepared mind. D．Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 答案　D 解析　写作意图题。根据全文可知，经过郭万刚和同事们几十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明显。由此推知，文章想通过郭万刚的故事告诉我们“世上无难事，只怕有心人”这个道理，故选D项。 An important lesson in the education of children could be as close as the book in their hands.Stories matter.And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the result of a new study. Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content influences children.Many studies done before have focused on wide concept(概念), but Hahn's study looks at how moral values might influence the kids' values.Do children reading about particular moral characteristics take in those qualities and build their own morality? The findings suggest so. “Parents, caregivers, and teachers are often wondering how media can be used for good，” says Hahn.“How can it be used for good things? How can it discourage bad habits? How can it educate？” Answering those questions begins with a better understanding of how to use media.“When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children, they can deliberate what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions，” she says. For the study, Hahn and her workmates took the main character from a young adult novel.They wrote the content to reflect the study's focus on moral values.Those stories were shared with about 200 participants(参与者) between the ages of 10 and 14.This is a favorable for media research because it's more difficult to introduce the understanding of stories to younger kids, while challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with basic storylines, according to Hahn. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为说明文。一项新的研究结果表明，故事可以在年轻人的道德价值观建设中发挥作用。 8．What is the result of the new study? A．Stories should be spread more by media. B．Children like reading books full of funny stories. C．Children have learned an important lesson from stories. D．Stories help children to develop their own moral values. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这项新研究的结果是故事帮助孩子们发展自己的道德价值观，故选D项。 9．What does Hahn's study focus on? A．How children deal with media content. B．How children are exposed to modern society. C．How media content influences children's moral values. D．How children should deal with the moral values in stories. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，Hahn的研究重点是媒体内容如何影响儿童的道德价值观，故选C项。 10．What does the underlined word “deliberate” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Describe. B．Improve. C．Title. D．Consider. 答案　D 解析　词句猜测题。画线词所在句的意思是“当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时，他们可以考虑主角强调了什么特定的道德价值观，以及主角因这些行为而受到怎样的对待”，因此画线词deliberate意为“考虑”，和consider意思相近，故选D项。 11．Which is the best title for the text? A．The Young Can Build Good Moral Values Easily B．It Is Difficult for the Young to Understand Moral Values C．Stories Play an Important Role in the Young's Moral Values D．Scientists Find More Ways to Help the Young Build Moral Values 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲的是一项新的研究结果表明，故事可以在年轻人的道德价值观建设中发挥作用，故选C项(故事在年轻人的道德价值观中扮演着重要的角色)。 Social networking websites like Twitter and Facebook can have a negative influence on people's values and can make them indifferent to human suffering, according to a new report by researchers at the University of Southern California (USC)． New findings suggest that the streams of information provided by the websites are too fast for the brain's moral sense to digest and could affect young people's emotional development.Before the brain can fully process and absorb a story of pain and suffering, it is attacked by the next news or the latest Twitter update, according to the USC neuroscience group.Qualities such as admiration and compassion take much longer to process, said one of the study's authors, Antonio Damasio. The study results were based on real-life stories that were intended to induce(诱导) admiration for or skill, or compassion(同情) for physical or social suffering in 13 volunteer individuals.At the end it was found that the participants needed six to eight seconds in order to fully react to stories of virtue or social suffering.However, once awakened, the lasted far longer than the volunteers' reactions to stories focused on physical pain. New findings raise questions about the emotional cost, in particular, for the developing young brain, of heavy dependence on an extremely fast stream of news snippets(片段) obtained by means of TV, the Internet or social networks such as Twitter and Facebook.“If things are happening too fast, you may not ever fully experience emotions about other people's mental states, and that would have effects on your morality.” Damasio said. In general, normal life events will always give people opportunities to experience admiration and compassion.But activities such as reading books and socializing with friends, where individuals can define their morals, are being gradually by alarming and fast-moving social networking, and people may be led away from learning about humanity. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/社会进步与人类文明。本文为说明文。一份最新研究报告显示：社交网站可能会对人们的道德价值观产生负面影响。 12．Why can social networking websites have a negative influence on people's moral values according to the text? A．They promote negative moral values for people in suffering. B．They always contain lots of stories of social suffering in the real life. C．The information comes so fast that there isn't enough time to digest it. D．The news on such sites is based on real-life stories of sadness and suffering. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，社交网站会对人们的道德价值观产生负面影响是因为网上信息来得太快，以至于人们没有足够的时间来消化它，故选C项。 13．Why are people led away from learning about humanity by fast information? A．Normal life events cannot provide experiences of humanity. B．People don't like activities that can define morals in life. C．Activities that define morals are being replaced by social networking. D．People are not encouraged to do activities that define morals. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据末段末句可知，由于定义道德的活动正被社交网络所取代，所以人们被快速的信息引导而无法了解人性，故选C项。 14．Where can the text be discovered? A．An entertainment book. B．A science magazine. C．A science fiction novel. D．A health handbook. 答案　B 解析　文章出处题。本文主要介绍了一份新的研究报告，所以本文最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选B项。 15．What may continue to be written after the last paragraph? A．The ways to make people watch online videos less. B．The ways to make social websites more popular. C．The ways to make more reports published. D．The ways to make people's brains less complex. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一份研究报告结果——社交网站可能会对人们的道德价值观产生负面影响，使他们对人类苦难漠不关心，并分析了产生这一现象的原因。根据末段末句可知，本文接下来会介绍让人们少看在线视频的方法，故选A项。 Ⅱ.第二节 Whenever we make a choice, whether it's as big as getting married or as small as an argument with a friend, we are driven by our values.Values to be single-word concepts like freedom, equality, selflessness, honesty.　1　 They're a kind of GPS we can use to navigate through life.If you know your values, you have directions that point you toward the people, actions and habits that are best for you. One way to recognize the values by which you live is to look at how you spend your money.　2　 Do you really spend your money wisely? We often have a strange perspective on what's “worth it”， which doesn't quite make sense if you reflect on it later. Pay attention to who you talk to, what you watch, and what you do with your time.　3　 If you're just going from one day to the next without questioning your values, you'll be swayed by what everyone else—from your family to marketing professionals—wants you to think.A thought comes into my mind and I ask myself: Does this fit my chosen values or those that others have selected for me? 　4　 If you're an overworked parent who wants to make your kids your priority, make friends with other parents who hold the same idea, so you can exchange support and advice. Values make it easier for you to surround yourself with the right people, make tough career choices, use your time more wisely, and focus your attention where it really matters to you.　5　 A．All of these push values and beliefs. B．Is your time wasted or well spent? C．Your bills actually reflect what matters most to you. D．That might sound rather abstract, but these values are really practical. E．Who you surround yourself with helps you stick to your values and achieve your goals. F．Without them we are swept away by outside voice instead of following our inner voice. G．When we drive through a new area, we wander aimlessly if we don't know the directions. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为说明文，讲述了价值观对我们的作用和影响。 1．答案　D 解析　顺承关系。根据上下文可知，本句继续陈述上文列举的价值观的作用。D项(这听起来很抽象，但这些价值观确实很实用)符合语境，故选D项。 2．答案　C 解析　顺承关系。下文提到了花钱是否明智，可知账单可以反映一些情况。C项(你的账单实际上反映了什么对你来说是最重要的)符合语境，故选C项。 3．答案　A 解析　解释关系。根据上下文可知，本句主要说明上文“注意你和谁说话，你看什么，你用你的时间做什么”对价值观和观念形成的作用。A项(所有这些都推动了价值观和信念)符合语境，故选A项。 4．答案　E　 解析　总分关系。下文的例子表明，身边的人可以帮助树立和坚持价值观，实现目标。E项(你身边的人能帮助你坚持自己的价值观，实现自己的目标)符合语境，故选E项。 5．答案　F　 解析　重申关系。根据上文可知，本句主要是在强调价值观的作用。F项(没有它们，我们会被外界的声音所淹没，而不是跟随自己内心的声音)符合语境，them指代上文Values，故选F项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$