Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

May we ask what you’re doing in this country and what your plans are? Well, I can’t say that I have any plans. You mustn’t worry about that. It’s an advantage. I’m afraid I don’t quite follow you, sir. Could you offer me work here? What are the functions and meanings of these modal verbs? request necessity request possibility Can you find sentences with the modal verbs in previous sections and discuss their functions? 1. You have to read between lines because the real messages are often hidden beneath the literal meaning. (P53) 2. It may seem lucky to you but not to me! (P52) 3. You must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. (P39) 4. I’m not sure, but I think it might be too difficult for me. (P39) 5. What would you do if you were in her situation? (P51) 6. Which provinces or cities should be introduced? (P35) 7. Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China. (P32) 8. You’d better not open it. (P52) 9. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way. (P52) necessity possibility obligation possibility intention necessity advice advice necessity intention A necessity B possibility C obligation D request E advice F intention G ability 1. You _________ read between lines because the real messages are often hidden beneath the literal meaning. (P53) 2. It _______ seem lucky to you but not to me! (P52) 3. You _________ be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. (P39) 4. I’m not sure, but I think it _______ be too difficult for me. (P39) 5. What _______ you do if you were in her situation? (P51) 6. Which provinces or cities _______ be introduced? (P35) 7. Visitors ______ also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China. (P32) 8. You ________ not open it. (P52) 9. Now if you_____ excuse me, I ________ be on my way. (P52) have to may must might would should can ’d better ’ll ought to go Ready? Focus on 基本用法 情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示“能力、可能性、必要性、许可、请求、建议、职责”等。 常见的情态动词有can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to, have to, had better等。 (2) 表可能性。can多用于否定句和疑问句中，但也可用在肯定句中；could不受此限，语气更委婉。 1. can / could (1) 表示能力，译为“会；能”。can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。 He can ride a bike now, but he couldn’t a few weeks ago. ① That can’t be Mary - she has gone to school. ② That’s not mine. It could be John’s. ① 表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度 (主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句中)。 Can hard work change a person that much? ② can亦可表示“有时会”。 You can be very naughty. (3) 表示请求或允许，译为“可以”。表示此意时，用could语气更委婉。 - Can/Could I borrow your bike? - Yes, you can. 拓展 ① She may / might be waiting for us. ② I can’t find him anywhere. I thought he might have gone home. 2. may/might (1)表示请求别人允许自己做某事时，may和might都可用，但might语气较委婉。 ① I have no cash with me. May/Might I pay by card? ② I asked him if I might leave. (2)表示自己允许别人做某事时，通常要用may而不用might。 may 和 might 都可表示可能性，意为 “可能”。但 might 比 may 语气更不确定，表示实现的可能性更小。 - May / Might I use your computer? - Yes, you may. 表许可 表可能性 Will/Would you please pass me that book? 3. will/would (3) 表示意愿或意志。will表现在，would表过去。 (1) 表示习惯性动作。will指现在，would指过去。 ① Fish will die without water. ② He would get up early when he lived in the country. (2) 表示请求、建议等。用would比用will委婉、客气。 ① I will help you if you need me. ② He said he would help you if you needed him. 4. shall/ should This room is so dirty. Shall we clean it? (1) 用于第一人称疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 ◆ shall (2) 用于第二、三人称，表示法律等条文中的规定或说话人的决心、给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. No matter who you are, you should observe the law. should还可表示意外、惊讶等，意为“竟会，竟然会”。 It is surprising that he should have made such a foolish mistake. ◆ should (1) 用于第一人称疑问句询问对方的意愿，但语气更委婉温和。 (2) 表示劝告、建议、命令、责任或义务。 (3) 表示推测或可能性。 You should be hungry after the long walk. Should I open the window? 拓展 ① After such a long walk, you must be tired. ② - My house is near a busy street. - It can’t be very quiet. 5. must/ can’t (1) must 表示义务、必要性、命令，意为“必须”。否定式mustn’t表示“不准；禁止”。 (2) must表示推测，意为“想必；准是；一定”，只用于肯定句，否定句用can’t。 ① We must do everything step by step. ② You mustn’t be late again. 表示与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感情色彩，可译为“一定要；偏偏；非得”。 If you must know, her name is Mary. 拓展 ① They ought to apologize. ② You are his brother so you ought to take care of him. ③ We ought to make a careful plan before we start the work. ought to: 应当；应该 ，意思接近于should，但ought to语气更强。 (1) 表示责任、义务、劝告等 (2) 表示推测、可能性。 Henry ought to be there by now. He left home at six. 6. ought to / ought not to 【拓展】 ◆ 否定式为 oughtn’t to 或 ought not to。 His doctor said to him that he oughtn’t to smoke so much. ◆ 疑问式是将 ought 提前。 Ought I to hand in the homework today? ◆ 反意疑问句的疑问部分用should或ought均可。 We ought to go by plane, shouldn’t / oughtn’t we? have to 表示 “不得不；必须”，有人称、数和时态的变化。在口语中可用have got to代替have to。 否定形式是don't have to，相当于needn't。 疑问式为Do/Does/Did +主语+ have to…? ① It’s dark now. I have to go home. ② I have to leave because of the bad weather. ③You don’t have to/needn't go if you don't want to. ④Do you have to wear uniforms at school? 7. have to / don’t have to 【拓展】 must与have to的区别 两者都表示“必须”，但must常表示说话人的主观看法，而have to一般强调客观需要。 have to有人称、数和时态的变化，而must 则没有。 ① You must take good care of her. ② I have lost my pen, so I have to buy one. ③ Did she have to pay a fine? ① You mustn’t tell him about it. It’s a secret. ② You needn’t tell him about it. He has known it. 【拓展】用 must 提问时的否定回答用 needn’t 或don’t have to。 - Must I finish my homework now? -No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 8. mustn’t / needn’t mustn’t 表示“禁止；不准”； needn’t 表示“不必；不需要”。 had better，“最好”，缩写为“’d better”，表示提出建议、劝告或命令等，含有“应该做某事，有义务做某事”之意，一般适用于对晚辈、平辈。 (1)It’s half past two. I think we had better go home. (2)She’d better see a doctor if it gets any worse. 否定形式为 had better not do sth 9. had better (3)You had better not talk with strangers. (4)You’d better not be late for class any more. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable modal verbs in the box. may, must, can, ought to, might, had better, would, should may should must can ought to would might would had better might P54 2 Work in pairs. Discuss the scene from The Million Pound Bank Note on page 52 and share your understanding of the story. Use modal verbs when necessary. P54 4 A: I think it’s kind of Roderick and Oliver to give Henry the money. B: I’m afraid I disagree. They shouldn’t be making a bet on him. A: But Henry might get into trouble if they didn’t offer him the money. B: Well, if they really wanted to help Henry, they could offer him a job. A: Maybe you’re right. But I guess that would be a different story... Sample conversation: 1. Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. It _______ also help us practice more patience. “Showing thankfulness ______ foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. [2023年 全国甲卷 七选五] can can 一、用合适的情态动词填空。 1. Indoor plants ______ (must/might) look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. [2023年 全国乙卷 七选五] 2. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and _____ (may/ would) be a springboard for more complex works in the future. [2023年 新课标Ⅱ卷 七选五] might may 二、选择合适的情态动词填空。 1. And it was in Chile she discovered she _______ get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. (2022年全国甲卷阅读理解C) 2. As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni ________________ (never forget). (2022全国甲卷阅读理解C) could would never forget 三、根据上下文提示填空。 The structures of the Simple Future Tense will/shall do be going to do be about to do be doing be to do What do you think the structures of the Past Future Tense are like? c He says that he won’t finish his work this afternoon. d We are going to visit the Great Wall tomorrow. a He said that he wouldn’t finish his work that afternoon. b Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained. What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? What clues in the sentences help you decide which tense to use? Match each group of sentences to the correct timeline. Past future tense Group 2 Group 1 Something would happen in the future from a past point of view. A B Present future tense Something will happen in the future from a present point of view. Compare the following sentences and answer the questions. Can you find more sentences with the past future tense in this unit? 1. I was about to go get the letter. (P52) 2.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside. (P53) 3. Henry hoped that the brothers would offer him some sort of work because he had no money. (P53) 4. They said the letter inside would explain what it was all about. (P53) 5. The scene ended with Henry leaving their house and promising that he would not open the letter until 2 o’clock. (P53) 6. What would you do if you had a million-pound bank note? (P52) 1. I __________________ get the letter. (P52) 2. They __________________ someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside. (P53) 3. Henry hoped that the brothers __________ him some sort of work because he had no money. (P53) 4. They said the letter inside _____________ what it was all about. (P53) 5. The scene ended with Henry leaving their house and promising that he ______________ the letter until 2 o’clock. (P53) 6. What ______________ if you had a million-pound bank note? (P52) was about to go were going to find would offer would explain would not open would you do go Ready? Focus on 基本用法 定义； 结构和用法 过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。 ① I didn’t know if he was going to come. ② She told us that she would not go with us, if it rained. 过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 我不知道他会不会来。 她告诉我们，如果下雨，她就不会和我们一起去。 Jeff knew he would be tired the next day. 杰夫知道他第二天会很累。 (1) would (not)+V原形 表示过去的习惯：即过去的动作习惯或倾向。 表从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作。(尤其用于宾语从句中) When I worked on a farm, I would get up at 5 a.m. 我在农场劳动时，总是早上5点钟起床。 (2) was/were (not) going to+V原形 表示过去的打算。 表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。 (3) was /were (not) to + V原形： 表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。 I was going to leave when he came in. 他进来时我正要离开。 I thought it was going to rain. 我想快要下雨了。 ①He asked where he was to put it. 他问他该把它放在哪里。 ②She said she was to get married next month. 她说她计划在下个月结婚。 (4) was/were about to + 动词原形 表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作，由于本身已含有“即将”的意思，所以不再与表示具体的过去时间状语连用。 ①I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. 电话铃响时我正好要上床睡。 ②I couldn’t go to Tom’s party as I was about to go into hospital. 我要住院，所以不能参加汤姆举办的晚会了。 ①Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. 杰克说他打算明天动身。 ②She didn’t say whether she was coming to lunch. 她没有说她是否来吃午饭。 注意：可用于该句型中的动词为come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等瞬间动词。 表示在过去看来即将发生的动作。 (5) was / were +V-ing 1. She said the bus __________ (leave) at five the next morning. 2. I wasn’t sure whether he ____________________ _________ (lend) me his book the next morning. 3. I ________________________ (write) a letter next week. 4. She said that she___________________________ (write) a letter next week. was leaving would lend/was going will write/am going to write would write/was going to write to lend Exercises * Both “would do” and “was/were going to do” can be used to talk about future events or intentions in the past. Complete the following sentences that describe the future using either form of the given verbs. would watch/was going to watch would settle /was going to settle was going to call would win would play/ was going to play would be/was going to be P54 3 1. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very nervous. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that _________________________ (一切都会解决的). (2023年新课标Ⅱ卷 完形填空) 2. She went right into the shower to wash it, but it was no use. At least one thing proved true: the color __________ ___________ (这种颜色洗不掉). (2023年全国乙卷 短文改错) everything would work out wouldn’t wash out 3. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. ... My story ____________ (come) straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny, and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. (2023 新课标I卷 短文续写) 4. As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what __________ (be) a trip Ginni would never forget. (2022全国甲卷阅读理解C) was to be would come can (现在), could(过去) can, could, may, might, must, should, ought to must, mustn’t, need, needn’t, have to should, ought to can, could, may, might, shall can, could, will, would, should, shall (疑问句), ought to, may, might，had better 功能 情态动词 表能力 表可能性 表必要性 表职责 表许可 表请求，建议 过去将来时 1. 概念 2. 结构与用法 would do was/were going to do was/were to do was/were about to do was/were + V-ing 注：另附word文档，点此链接。 Ⅰ. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. He told me he ______________________________________ (leave) for Shanghai the next day. 2. I wasn't sure whether Dylan __________ (lend) me his book the next morning. 3. I ___________ (come) to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel. 4. They _______________ (go) out when it began to snow. 5. We were told that the plane _________________ ___________________ (take off) in ten minutes. would lend was leaving/ was going to leave/ would leave was coming were about to go was taking off/ was going to take off Ⅱ. 根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。 1. 一个小时前，他在电话里告诉我，他一下班就来看我。(would) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 2. 布朗太太正要上车时有人抢了她的手提包就跑了。 (was about to) __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3. 我认为简会参加马拉松比赛，结果证明是真的。 (was going to) ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Just an hour ago, he told me on the phone that he would come to see me right after the work. Mrs. Brown was about to get into the car when someone grabbed her handbag and ran away. I thought Jane was going to compete in the marathon and it turned out to be true. 4. 天变冷了。我们最好回家去。 (had better) _____________________________________________ 5. 会议上提出的问题很重要，我们应该认真对待。 (ought to) _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ It’s getting cold. We’d better go home. The question put forward at the meeting is of great importance, and we ought to take it seriously. 1. Can you use modal verbs correctly? 2. Can you use the past future tense correctly? 1. Make 10 sentences using modal verbs and the past future tense. 2. Preview Viewing and Talking on page 55. $$