Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 过去分词用法讲解 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

过去分词作定语和宾语补足语 1. 什么是过去分词？ 过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，通常用来表示完成的动作或被动的状态。它可以用作形容词、副词、定语、宾语补足语等。 过去分词的形式： 规则动词：通常在动词原形后加 -ed。 例如：work → worked, play → played 不规则动词：形式多样，需要记忆。 例如：go → gone, write → written, break → broken 2. 什么是定语？ 定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分，用来描述其性质、特征或状态。定语可以是单词、短语或从句。 定语的种类： 形容词作定语： 例如：a beautiful flower（美丽的花） 介词短语作定语： 例如：the book on the table（桌子上的书） 从句作定语： 例如：the man who is standing there（站在那里的男人） 定语的种类： 前置定语：放在被修饰词前面，如 a beautiful flower。 后置定语：放在被修饰词后面，如 the man standing there。 3. 过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语时，通常表示被动的动作或完成的状态，修饰名词。 过去分词作定语的几种情况： 表示被动： 例如：The broken window needs to be fixed. （破碎的窗户需要修理。） “broken” 修饰 “window”，表示窗户是被打破的。 2. 表示完成： 例如：The finished project was submitted on time. （完成的项目按时提交了。） "finished" 修饰 "project"，表示项目已经完成。 3. 表示状态： 例如：The excited children ran to the playground. （兴奋的孩子们跑向操场。） "excited" 修饰 "children"，表示孩子们是兴奋的。 4. 什么是宾语补足语？ 宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的状态或动作的成分，通常位于宾语之后，与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。 宾语补足语的种类： 形容词作宾语补足语： 例如：I found the movie interesting.（我发现这部电影很有趣。） 名词作宾语补足语： 例如：They elected him president.（他们选举他为总统。） 不定式作宾语补足语： 例如：She asked me to help her. （她请我帮助她。） 5. 过去分词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语的情况： 表示被动： 例如：I had my hair cut yesterday.（我昨天理了发。） "cut" 作宾语 "my hair" 的补足语，表示头发是被剪的。 2. 表示完成： 例如：She wants her room cleaned before the guests arrive. （她希望在客人到来之前把房间打扫干净。） "cleaned" 作宾语 "her room" 的补足语，表示房间是被打扫的。 6. 过去分词作定语和作宾语补足语的区别 区别 作定语 作宾语补足语 位置 位于名词之前或之后 位于宾语之后 功能 修饰名词 补充说明宾语的状态或动作 逻辑关系 与名词构成修饰关系 与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系 例句 The broken window needs fixing. I had my hair cut yesterday. The ________ book is on the table. A. reading B. read C. reads D. to read 2. She had her car ________ yesterday. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair 3. The ________ children were playing in the park. A. exciting B. excited C. excite D. to excite B B B 4. I found the movie ________. A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. to interest 5. The ________ letter was sent to the office. A. writing B. written C. wrote D. to write B A 6. They got their house ________ last week. A. paint B. painted C. painting D. to paint 7. The ________ window needs to be fixed. break B. broke C. broken D. to break 8. She wants her nails ________ before the party. A. paint B. painted C. painting D. to paint B C B 9. The ________ project was submitted on time. A. finish B. finished C. finishing D. to finish 10. He had his bike ________ yesterday. A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair B B The ________ (break) window needs to be fixed. 2. She had her car ________ (repair) yesterday. 3. The ________ (excite) children ran to the playground. 4. I found the movie ________ (interest). 5. The ________ (write) letter was sent to the office. broken written interesting excited repaired 6. They got their house ________ (paint) last month. 7. The ________ (cook) meal was delicious. 8. She wants her room ________ (clean) before the guests arrive. 9. The ________ (finish) project was submitted on time. 10. He had his bike ________ (repair) yesterday. painted finished repaired cleaned cooked THANKS $$