2025年沪教牛津版中考英语一轮复习课件话题十一 科学与技术(人与社会)

话题十一 科学与技术(人与社会) 中考第一轮复习 课标话题 课标子话题 Units 科学与技术 信息技术; 互联网; 发明; 电子产品; 卫星 8A Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 8A Unit 3 Computers 8A Unit 4 Inventions 中考第一轮复习 话题朗读 听以下短文一遍, 你有50秒的准备时间, 然后模仿朗读｡ We live in the “computer age”. People like scientists, teachers, writers and even students use computers to do all kinds of things. But more than 30 years ago, computers couldn’ t do much. They were very big and expensive. Very few people were interested in them and knew how to use them. Today, computers are smaller and cheaper. Because they are useful, many people like to use them for work. Computers become very important because they can work 中考第一轮复习 faster than man and make fewer mistakes. Computers can help people do a lot of work. Writers now use computers to write. Teachers use them to help with teaching and students use them to learn. Computers can also remember what you put into them. Computers are very helpful. They are our good friends. 中考第一轮复习 话题(单元) 知识复习 自检　必备知识自我盘点 一、 重点单词 dinosaur n. 恐龙 musician n. 音乐家 win v. (在比赛中) 获胜, 赢 countryside n. 乡村; 农村 perhaps adv. 可能; 大概 suddenly adv. 突然; 忽然 scientist n. 科学家 distance n. 距离; 间距 passenger n. 乘客; 旅客 control v. 操纵, 控制(机器或系统等) expensive adj. 昂贵的; 价格高的 tiny adj. 极小的; 微小的 popular adj. 受喜爱的; 受欢迎的 comfortable adj. 使人舒服的; 舒适的 中考第一轮复习 practical adj. 有用的; 适用的 anytime adv. 在任何时候; 随便什么时候 even adv. (强调出乎意料) 甚至 中考第一轮复习 熟词生义 单词 常见词义 生义及例句 order n. 订货; 订购 n. 指示; 命令 I’ m under orders not to let anyone in. type v. 打字 v. 测定……的类型; 分型 Blood samples were taken from patients for typing. total adj. 总额; 合 计 adj. 彻底的; 完全的 The house was in total darkness. 中考第一轮复习 单词 常见词义 生义及例句 develop v. 开发; 研制 v. 详细阐述; 阐明 She developed the theme more fully in her later books. v. 患(病) ; 出现(问题) The car developed engine trouble and we had to stop. 中考第一轮复习 微语境训练(从上面选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空) 1. You can read the instructions if you don’ t know how to ⁠the machine. 2. The ⁠between my house and the bus station is five miles. 3. My parents and I visit my grandpa who lives in the ⁠every weekend. 4. Engineers spend much time and energy ⁠a smarter and more efficient system (系统) . control distance countryside developing 中考第一轮复习 5. Skiing has become more and more ⁠in China after the Beijing Winter Olympics. 6. I’ m free all day tomorrow, so call me ⁠if you need help. popular anytime 中考第一轮复习 二、 词形转换 1. inventor n. 发明家 — invention n. 发明 — invent v. 发明; 创造 2. intelligence n. 才智; 智慧 — intelligent adj. 有才智的; 聪明的 3. ability n. 才能; 能力 — able adj. 能; 能够 4. include v. 包括; 包含 — including prep. 包括……在内 5. suddenly adj. 忽然; 突然 — sudden adj. 突然的 6. operate v. 操作; 控制 — operation n. 运行; 运转; 操作 7. special adj. 特殊的; 特别的 — specially adv. 特别地 8. create v. 创造; 创作 — creation n. 创造; 作品 — creative adj. 创造性的; 有创造力的 中考第一轮复习 微语境训练(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1. I want to ⁠(invention) a time machine when I grow up. 2. This kind of T-shirts is ⁠(special) designed for young people. 3. I’ m sure she has the ⁠(able) to be an excellent leader. 4. The government has taken some steps to ⁠(creation) more jobs for people. 5. The new system has been in ⁠(operate) for six months and it works well. invent specially ability create operation 中考第一轮复习 三、 必备短语 in the countryside在乡村; 在农村 die out 灭绝; 消失 find out 了解(到) ; 弄清 go for a walk 去散步 work as 从事……工作 grand total 总计; 共计 (be) unaware of 没意识到; 未察觉 in addition 除……以外(还) look forward to 盼望; 期待 since then 自那以来 in the daytime 在白天 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 at the same time 同时 depend on 依靠 keep . . . off 使……不接近(或不接触､ 远离) …… 中考第一轮复习 微语境训练(从上面选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空) 1. Why did he do that? The police need to ⁠his purpose. 2. I ⁠seeing Julie smile when I give her the gift on her birthday. 3. As a result, these endangered animals may even ⁠. 4. I will ⁠you even though I return to my country. 5. My elder brother has ⁠a government officer since three years ago. 6. I asked him whether he would like to ⁠in the park after lunch. find out am looking / look forward to die out keep in touch with worked as go for a walk 中考第一轮复习 四、 重点句型 1. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. 有些恐龙小如鸡仔, 另一些则大如十头大象｡ 2. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability. 从很小 的时候开始, 他就展现出非凡的智慧和艺术才能｡ 3. You may be unaware of them. 你可能都没有意识到它们｡ 4. However, one day computers may be able to do a better job than human beings. 然而, 有一天电脑可能会比人类做得更好｡ 中考第一轮复习 5. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere. 它 们允许人们随时随地保持联系｡ 6. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. 有了灯泡, 人们可以在晚上做和白天一样多的事情｡ 中考第一轮复习 仿写运用(根据上面句式完成下列句子) 1. 她的女儿从小在北京接受了良好的教育｡ Her daughter received a good education in Beijing ⁠. 2. 当他工作时, 他不知道周围在发生什么｡ When he works, he ⁠what is happening around him. 3. 如果你想得到这份工作, 你必须能说一口流利的法语｡ You must ⁠French fluently if you want to get this job. 4. 我们应该保护尽可能多的树木来保护我们的环境｡ We should protect ⁠to protect our environment. from an early age is unaware of be able to speak as many trees as we can 中考第一轮复习 五、 课文语篇填空 8A Unit 1 (Reading) Dinosaurs Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some 1. ⁠were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could 2. ⁠fly. Many dinosaurs ate plants. 3. ⁠, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, 4. , they all died out. 5. ⁠knows why. However, we can learn about them from their 6. . (See Earth history) dinosaurs even However suddenly Nobody fossils 中考第一轮复习 8A Unit 3 (Reading) Smaller and better In the 1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars. Now computers are becoming smaller and better. Some computers are 1. . You may be 2. ⁠of them. There is probably one inside your TV or washing machine. You 3. ⁠ on computers more than you realize. tiny unaware depend 中考第一轮复习 We can use computers to 4. ⁠. They can calculate at a faster 5. ⁠than we can and almost never give wrong answers. We can also 6. and draw things with them. In 7. ⁠, computers can do important jobs like 8. ⁠railways and flying planes and spaceships. calculate speed type addition operating What can we do with computers? 中考第一轮复习 六、 课文语法填空 8A Unit 4 (Reading) The wheel The wheel is perhaps the 1. ⁠(great) invention in history. After 2. (it) invention, travelling became faster 3. ⁠more comfortable. A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In the early 19th century, the 4. ⁠(one) trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. 5. ⁠the wheel, we would not have these inventions. greatest its and first Without 中考第一轮复习 The telephone Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical 6. / (telephone) in 1876. Since then, people 7. ⁠ ⁠(be) able to speak to each other over long distances. Today millions of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people 8. ⁠ ⁠(keep) in touch with each other anytime, anywhere. telephones have been to keep 中考第一轮复习 8A Unit 4 (More practice) Bíró (1899 ~ 1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He 1. ⁠ (bear) in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he worked 2. ⁠a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry 3. ⁠(easy) , and it sometimes made 4. ⁠mess on the paper. Bíró wanted a better pen. His brother, George, helped 5. ⁠(he) develop a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they 6. ⁠(develop) a new type of pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen. was born as easily a him developed 中考第一轮复习 师说　核心考点一一突破 考点1 however 与 but 的辨析 辨析 however 用作副词, 意为“然而; 可是”, 不能直接连接两个分句｡ however 可用于句首､ 句中､ 句尾的位置, 要用逗号隔开｡ but 用作并列连词, 意为“但是”, 一般置于句中, 与后面的句子连 用, 其转折意味较 however 要强一些｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) At first, Steve didn’ t agree with me. ⁠, he changed his mind later. A. But B. However C. Besides (2) 这位老人从不说英语, 但他知道不少英语单词｡ (汉译英) ⁠ ⁠ B  　The old man never speaks English, but he knows a lot of/quite a few English words.　 中考第一轮复习 考点2 　find out 与 find 的辨析 辨析 find out 着重表示通过理解､ 分析､ 思考或询问等“弄清; 了解(到) ”某 事, 其后的宾语通常是某个情况､ 事实｡ find 指经寻找､ 研究或思考“发现; 查明; 找出; 求得”某事/物｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) We should ⁠who broke the door of the hall yesterday. A. find B. find out C. look for (2) 我相信她最终会设法找到解决这个问题的办法的｡ (汉译英) ⁠ B I believe she will finally manage to find a solution to the problem.　 中考第一轮复习 考点3 　some 和 any 的用法 归纳 不定代词 some 和 any 均可修饰可数名词和不可数名词｡ 一般情况下, some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句以及疑问句｡ 特殊情况下, 如果疑问句 中希望得到肯定的答复, 则用some｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 用 some 或 any 填空 (1) In ⁠countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in others, knives and forks. (2) I want to get ⁠information about the product on the Internet, but I can’ t find ⁠. (3) Jack, will you go to the supermarket and buy ⁠meat and vegetables for dinner? (4) Do you have ⁠suggestions on how best to deal with the problem? some some any some any 中考第一轮复习 考点4 　复合不定代词 归纳 复合不定代词是指由some-, any-, every-, no- 加上 -body, -one, -thing 所组成的不定代词｡ 指人的有 somebody/someone, anybody/anyone, everybody/everyone和 nobody/no one; 指物的有 something, anything, everything 和 nothing｡ • some- 和 any- 构成的复合不定代词的用法与不定代词 some 和 any 的用 法基本一致; 中考第一轮复习 • 由 -body 和 -one 构成的复合不定代词的意义和用法相同, 可以互换; • 复合不定代词在句中作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式; • 形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时要后置｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) Li Lei wants to learn English well, so he decides to do ⁠to improve his English. A. something useful B. useful something C. useful everything (2) He is new, so no one in the class ⁠him. A. know B. knows C. knew A B 中考第一轮复习 (3) I saw in the classroom because  　　　　was playing basketball on the playground. A. nobody; everybody B. somebody; anybody C. anybody; nobody (4) I enjoy reading. When I have a book in my hand, I don’ t worry about ⁠. A. something B. nothing C. anything A C 中考第一轮复习 考点5 　compare 的用法 归纳 拓展: comparison n. 比较 comparative adj. 比较的 搭配: compare . . . to . . . 把……比作……(常含有比喻意味) 　　　compare . . . with . . . 把……和……相比较 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) Why don’ t we do some ⁠research to find the difference between these two products? A. compare B. comparison C. comparative (2) Compare this car ⁠that one, and you will find the difference between them. (语境填词) (3) 人们常把年轻人比作初升的太阳｡ (汉译英) ⁠ C with People often compare young people to the rising Sun.　 中考第一轮复习 考点6 　depend 的用法 归纳 用法: depend 为不及物动词, 后接宾语时应与 on/upon 连用｡ 拓展: dependent adj. 依赖的 dependence n. 依靠 搭配: depend on/upon = rely on 依靠 　　　depend on/upon sb. to do sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事 常用表达: That (all) depends. = It (all) depends. 这很难说; 那得看情况(而定) ｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) You can’ t be ⁠(dependence) on your parents all your life. (2) Don’ t always depend ⁠your dictionary. Try to guess the meaning of the new words while reading. (语境填词) (3) —Tomorrow is my birthday. Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening? — ⁠. I might have to work. dependent on/upon C A. I can’ t agree more B. That’ s not the case C. That depends 中考第一轮复习 (4) 你必须自己解决问题, 因为你不能指望他们帮你摆脱困境｡ (汉译英) ⁠ ⁠  　You have to solve the problem by yourself, because you can’ t depend on them to get out of trouble.　 中考第一轮复习 考点7 　create, invent, make 与 produce 的辨析 辨析 create 指创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物, 通常是一个从无到有 的过程｡ invent 指通过想像､ 思考､ 研究或实验创造出的前所未有的产品, 尤指 科技上的发明创造｡ make 指用劳动创造､ 生产､ 形成或组成某事物｡ produce 指通过劳动加工而生产产品, 尤指工农业产品的生产加工｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 用 create, invent, make 或 produce 的适当形式填空 (1) All kinds of machine tools are ⁠in this factory. (2) The government plans to ⁠more jobs for young people. (3) I’ m quite pleased that we do have the ability to ⁠that much food. (4) Thomas Edison ⁠the light bulb. He tried 1, 000 experiments before he succeeded. made create produce invented 中考第一轮复习 考点8 　instead of 与 instead 的辨析 辨析 instead of 意为“代替; 作为……的替换”, 是短语介词, 其后必须接名 词､ 代词或动名词等, 不能单独使用｡ instead 意为“替代; 反而; 却”, 是副词, 常位于句首或句尾, 修饰动 词或句子｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) We shouldn’ t look down upon them. ⁠, we should try to help them. A. Instead B. Instead of C. However (2) 雨下得很大｡ 我想我们最好乘出租车而不是等公共汽车｡ (汉译英) ⁠ ⁠ A  　It is raining heavily. I think we’ d better take a taxi instead of waiting for the bus.　 中考第一轮复习 考点9 　形容词的比较级和最高级 归纳 (1) 形容词比较级的常见用法: • 用于含有 than, a bit, a little, much, far, even 等表示比较含义的句中; • 用于“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more + 形容词原级”结构中; • 用于“the + 比较级, the + 比较级”结构中; • 用于“比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数”或“比较级 + than the other + 可数名词复数”结构中, 表示最高级含义｡ 中考第一轮复习 (2) 形容词最高级的常见用法: • 用于“the + 形容词最高级 (+ 名词) + 表示范围的短语或从句”中; • 用于“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构中｡ ★ 注意掌握形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化和不规则变化｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) The population of Shenzhen is ⁠(large) than that of many other cities in China. (2) The more carefully you listen to the teacher in class, the ⁠(good) grades you will get. (3) More and more people think China is one of the ⁠(safe) countries in the world today. larger better safest 中考第一轮复习 (4) Qinghai Lake is ⁠(big) than any other salt lake in China with an area of 4, 625 km2. (5) “East or west, home is the best” means that home is the ⁠(warm) place wherever you go. bigger warmest 中考第一轮复习 考点10 　(not) as . . . as 结构 归纳 as . . . as 意为“和……一样……”, 表示形容词的同级比较, 中间需用形 容词的原级｡ 该结构前常用 nearly, almost, just, quite, twice, exactly 等程度 副词, 倍数等表示比较程度｡ 否定形式not as . . . as . . . 意为“不如; 不及”｡ (not) as . . . as 还可用于“(not) as + many + 可数名词复数 + as”和“(not) as + much + 不可数名词 + as”结构中｡ 中考第一轮复习 运用 (1) Cycling has become almost as ⁠as running in recent years. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular (2) 那只猴子跳进井里, 把水喝了个够｡ The monkey jumped down the well, and drank ⁠he wanted. (3) With more practice, I found reading was not as difficult as I thought. (英译汉) ⁠ A as much water as 通过更多的练习, 我发现阅读并不像我想像的那么难｡　 中考第一轮复习 自测　主题阅读步步提升 I. 完形填空(10分) 主题: 人与社会——“午餐计划APP”　　难度: ★★★★　　词数: 286 You’ re at your new school. It is lunch time, but you don’ t have anyone to sit with. You want to join someone at their table, but you are not sure if they are friendly. What do you do? Natalie’ s  　1　of solving the problem was to create an App. She knows what it feels like to be alone at a new school. She found it difficult to make new friends and had to  　2　a new table at lunch every day. If she sat by herself, she felt  　3　. But if she asked to join someone and was  　4　, she felt embarrassed. She created a lunch-planning App to help students like her find people to have lunch with. 中考第一轮复习 The App — called Sit with Us — is  　5　. If a student is having lunch, he or she can create an invitation. Other students can open the App and  　6　/ that invitation. They can then use the App to decide when and where to meet. This allows students to make  　7　online instead of face-to-face. This is the reason why it works so well. It  　8　the risk of being refused and the embarrassment that goes along with it. 中考第一轮复习 Natalie is happy to see that people are replying to her App actively —  　9　those who suffer from bullying. Soon after she made her App available to the public, she won a prize for it. She also appeared in many news stories. Natalie was even asked to speak at a university. In her talk, Natalie wanted people to know that you don’ t have to do something  　10　to change lives. Sometimes, a small thing — like having a friend to enjoy lunch with — can make all the difference. 中考第一轮复习 (　C　) 1. A. habit B. course C. method D. question (　A　) 2. A. search for B. fix up C. give out D. get away from (　C　) 3. A. stressed B. nervous C. lonely D. pleasant (　B　) 4. A. called B. refused C. discussed D. believed (　B　) 5. A. cheap B. simple C. private D. noisy (　D　) 6. A. miss B. make C. send D. accept (　A　) 7. A. plans B. trouble C. reports D. dinner (　B　) 8. A. increases B. avoids C. adds D. takes (　C　) 9. A. probably B. exactly C. especially D. mainly (　A　) 10. A. large B. new C. similar D. enjoyable C A C B B D A B C A 中考第一轮复习 II. 阅读理解(20分) A 主题: 人与自然——人类幼崽被狼群收养　　难度: ★★★　　词数: 263 One very warm evening in the Seeonee hills in Southern India, Father Wolf woke up from his day’ s rest. Next to him lay Mother Wolf, with their four cubs (幼崽) beside her. “It’ s time to look for food, ” said Father Wolf, and he stood up to leave the cave. 中考第一轮复习 Father and Mother Wolf listened to Tiger Shere Khan in the forest not far away. Then, suddenly, they heard a noise much nearer to them. “It’ s a man. A man’ s cub. Look! ” said Father Wolf. And there in front of them stood a baby who could just walk. He looked up at Father Wolf and laughed. “Is that a man’ s cub? ” asked Mother Wolf. “I have never seen one. Bring it here. ” 中考第一轮复习 The baby, small and with no clothes, pushed its way between the cubs to get near to Mother Wolf. “Look, ” she said. “He is taking his meal with the other wolf cubs. ” Suddenly, it was dark, and Shere Khan was pushing his great head in through the mouth of the cave. Father Wolf knew that Shere Khan could not get inside the cave because he was too big. 中考第一轮复习 “I am hunting a man’ s cub, ” said Shere Khan. “Its father and mother have run away. Give it to me! It is I, Shere Khan, who speaks! ” And Shere Khan’ s roar (咆哮) filled the cave with noise. “No! ” came the angry voice of Mother Wolf. “The man’ s cub belongs to me! We will not kill him. He will live, to run with the other wolves, to be my son. Now go away, eater of cubs! Go! ” 中考第一轮复习 (　A　) 1. Where did the story take place? A. In the hills in Southern India. B. In the forest in Southern Africa. C. In the village in Southern India. D. In the forest in Southern America. (　C　) 2. What did Mother Wolf think of the man’ s cub when she first met him? A. Awful. B. Ugly. C. Lovely. D. Terrible. A C 中考第一轮复习 (　D　) 3. Why couldn’ t Tiger Shere Khan eat the man’ s cub? A. It was protected by its parents. B. It could run quickly in the forest. C. The wolves wanted to eat it themselves. D. It was in a cave which was too small for the tiger to get in. (　D　) 4. What does the underlined word “it” in the passage refer to? A. The cub’ s father. B. The cub’ s mother. C. The wolves’ cub. D. A man’ s cub. D D 中考第一轮复习 (　B　) 5. What would probably happen next in the story? A. The tiger would hunt for another man’ s cub. B. The baby would grow up in the wolves’ family. C. The wolves would help the baby find its parents. D. The baby would come back to human’ s village soon. B 中考第一轮复习 B 主题: 人与自我——从失败中吸取教训　　难度: ★★★★★　　词数: 308 Nobody wants to lose, but we must accept that losing is a part of life. After all, we can’ t win all the time. However, we can learn something valuable from every failure. This may help us succeed in the future. So we must know how to be a good loser. 中考第一轮复习 We mustn’ t be afraid of losing. When we lose, just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it. Failure can’ t be avoided in our life. Edison failed 1, 000 times before he invented the light bulb. When he was asked how he felt, he said that he hadn’ t failed 1, 000 times but had learnt 1, 000 things which didn’ t work. We must know that history is full of examples of men and women who achieved success although they failed many times. 中考第一轮复习 Losing is not very disgraceful. We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it. Remember that it can be helpful. Take action to walk out of it. When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve. If someone else can help, we’ ll be lucky enough. Maybe he or she has been through the same experience before. Many people enjoy helping others solve problems. This can save us a lot of time in learning how to avoid the same mistakes in the future. 中考第一轮复习 We should face our failure when we lose. There is only one winner in every competition. Some win, while some lose. That is a usual way of life. If we offer our congratulations to the winners and share in their happiness, we won’ t feel sorry for our failure. In a word, being a good loser will help us succeed in life. It might be painful at the beginning, but there are many advantages. Good losers set examples to us, and most importantly, they finally win. 中考第一轮复习 (　B　) 1. What can we learn from every failure according to the text? A. A way of life. B. A valuable thing. C. A secret of success. D. A general rule. (　D　) 2. In the writer’ s eyes, why did Edison achieve success? A. He got help from others. B. He avoided possible mistakes. C. He happened to make it. D. He saw the bright side of losing. B D 中考第一轮复习 (　A　) 3. What does the underlined word “disgraceful” probably mean? A. Bad. B. Personal. C. Dangerous. D. Interesting. (　D　) 4. What does the writer advise the losers to do in a competition? A. Express the regrets. B. Forget the failure. C. Join in another competition. D. Share in the winners’ enjoyment. A D 中考第一轮复习 (　B　) 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. Ideas About How to Avoid Mistakes B. Advice on How to Be a Good Loser C. Advantages of both Success and Failure D. Experience in Dealing with Problems B 中考第一轮复习 III. 短文填空(10分) 主题: 人与社会——克服文化冲击的建议　　难度: ★★★　　词数: 275 A. Don’ t worry about making a mistake. B. Getting over culture shock depends upon you. C. Do not expect to do things perfectly the first time. D. Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. E. Then you’ ll be more willing to try new things. F. Never forget that humour is one of the best methods for almost any difficult situation. 中考第一轮复习 The term “culture shock” is used to describe the anxiety (焦虑) produced when a person moves to a new environment. When you visit a new place, you are forced to meet your everyday needs, like food and language in a totally new and different way. 1. ⁠After all, it is you who must take steps to feel better. Here are a few suggestions. B 中考第一轮复习 2. ⁠You may feel annoyed that you are experiencing a culture shock after having prepared so long and so hard for your trip. No matter how much information you read and how well you speak English, you can’ t always do everything perfectly. An open mind helps. Try not to form an opinion about the new culture too soon. Don’ t think of the host culture as better or worse, just different. 3. ⁠ C E 中考第一轮复习 Participate (参与) . Just watching life go by you is not going to help you much. You will have to try out a few things for yourself. 4. ⁠People around you will usually be ready to help if something goes wrong. If you are unsure of what to do in a new environment, follow others. Be humorous. 5. ⁠Finally, believe that you can live with the differences and confusions (困惑) and still learn and enjoy yourself. A F 中考第一轮复习 IV. 信息匹配(10分) 难度: ★★★★　　词数: 360 下面的材料 A ~ F 分别是六个实现梦想的建议｡ 请根据五位学生的梦 想选择对应的建议｡ A. First, you need to study very hard and know more about space. Second, you have to be strong and have professional flight experience, or have more than 1, 000 hours of flight experience. Finally, try to apply (申请) to be a NASA astronaut. 中考第一轮复习 B. To be a tour guide, you need to take some training courses first. Then you can show people around different places and tell them about the local culture and customs (风俗) . If you love the job, you need to be cheerful and patient. C. Practice makes perfect. If you want to play basketball well, you should work harder and practise more. It takes a lot of work and effort to make your dream come true. 中考第一轮复习 D. To be a good writer, you have to be an excellent reader. You should read more books and develop a habit of writing every day. It is not an easy job to communicate with readers. E. You can go to an art school, take art classes and work on your skills. Becoming an artist takes a lot of time and hard work. But in the end, you will get paid to do what you love. F. If you are interested in science, you can ask questions, do activities, think creatively and discover amazing fun facts! As a student, you should study hard and go to college. Then you will be closer to your dream. 中考第一轮复习 (　C　) 1. Tom likes playing basketball very much. His dream is to become a famous basketball player like Yao Ming. (　D　) 2. Lin Na is a girl from a small town. She enjoys writing novels in her spare time. She wants to be a writer like Jin Yong in the future. (　A　) 3. Jack is a middle school student from the US. He is really fond of reading books about space. He hopes to become an astronaut in the future. (　F　) 4. Zhao Ming is interested in science. He dreams of being a scientist like Yuan Longping one day. (　B　) 5. David has a good sense of direction and likes travelling. He hopes to become a tour guide and travel around the world. C D A F B 中考第一轮复习 V. 语法填空(10分) 主题: 人与社会——火星上的制氧设备　　难度: ★★★★　　词数: 283 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) achieved another first during its latest mission (任务) on Mars. It 1. / ⁠(successful) turned carbon dioxide from the air of Mars into fresh, breathable oxygen. successfully 中考第一轮复习 The extraction (提取) of oxygen out of thin air on Mars 2. ⁠ (do) by a device (设备) called MOXIE. The device on Perseverance (毅力号) is about the size of a toaster (烤面包机) . “In its first run, it 3. ⁠(create) about five grams of oxygen. That is what 4. ⁠ astronaut would need in order to be able to breathe for about 10 minutes, ” NASA said. The 5. ⁠(achieve) marked the first experimental extraction of a natural resource from another planet for direct use by humans. was done created an achievement 中考第一轮复习 MOXIE isn’ t just the first device to produce oxygen 6. ⁠another planet. It is the first technology of its kind that can help future missions to “live off the land” of another planet. Oxygen is not only a source of breathable air for astronauts, but also an important element for the production of the rocket fuel that will be needed to send 7. ⁠(they) back home. on them 中考第一轮复习 According to a researcher at NASA, taking a one-ton machine to Mars was much 8. ⁠(easy) than trying to carry 25 tons of oxygen from the Earth. Astronauts living and working on Mars would need about one ton of oxygen 9. ⁠(last) the whole year. MOXIE is designed to create up to 10 grams of oxygen an hour. During the first two years of Perseverance’ s journey, NASA plans to run it at least another nine times. easier to last 10. ⁠astronauts finally take their first breaths of locally made oxygen on Mars, they may have this toaster-size device to thank. When 中考第一轮复习 THANKS null 139369.05 $$