Unit 4 Journey across a Vast Land Workbook 讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Expanding Your World on Page 87-88 JOURNEYS BY DOG SLED学案 《野性的呼唤》内容简介 巴克从小生活在温室环境中，后来被偷走拐卖到原始荒野当雪橇狗。残酷的现实触动了巴克由于人类文明的长久熏陶而向大自然回归的本能和意识。恶劣的生存环境锻炼了巴克，他在历练中不断成长。最终通过战胜狗王斯匹茨而赢得了拉雪橇狗群中的头把交椅。当残暴的哈尔将巴克打得遍体鳞伤、奄奄一息时，约翰·桑顿的解救让巴克感受到温暖并决定誓死效忠恩主，但恩主的遇害彻底打碎了巴克对于人类社会的留恋，从而促使巴克坚定决心，毅然走向荒野，回归自然。 1. Learn the following words and expressions. Para1, Page87 sled dog 雪橇犬 Page87, title overland adv. 陆路Para1,Line5,Page87 harsh adj.严酷的；残酷的；严厉的；恶劣的；艰苦的；粗糙的；Para1,Line7,Page87 thrive 茁壮成长，增多Para1,Line8,Page87 Yukon /ˈjuːkɒn/ n.育空（加拿大西北部地区）Para1,Line11,Page87 miner /ˈmaɪnə(r)/ n.矿工；采矿者Para1,Line12,Page87 saw first-hand 亲身看见 Para1,Line12,Page87 first-hand adj. 第一手 a husky and St Bernard mixed breed 哈士奇和圣伯纳混种 husky n. 哈士奇；雪橇犬 St Bernard n.圣伯纳德犬：一种大型工作犬 breed n. 杂交品种 Para2, Page87 isolated adj. 孤立的 Para2,Line4,Page87 isolate v. 隔离 cut off 切断Para2,Line5,Page87 publication 出版 Para2,Line5,Page87 set the story straight 把故事弄清楚 Para2,Line11,Page87 set straight纠正 serialize/ˈsɪəriəlaɪz/连载 Para2,Line14,Page87 series/ˈsɪəriːz/ n.系列；串联；连续； in book format 以书的形式Para2,Line15,Page87 format n. 格式 out of print 绝版 Para2,Line15,Page87 Para3, Page87 kennel /ˈkenl/ n. 狗窝；犬舍；养狗场；vi.把…关进狗舍呆在狗舍Para3,Line2,Page87 realm 范围 Para3,Line2,Page87 crawl/creep 爬行Para3,Line3,Page87 inseparable companion 不可或缺的伙伴 Para3,Line4,Page87 separate /ˈseprət , ˈsepəreɪt/ v.分离；(使)分开；分割；分居；划分；(使)分散；阻隔separable /ˈsepərəbl/ adj. 可分离的；可分的；可分开的；可分隔的 bid fair to 有...的希望 Para3,Line4,Page87 bid fair 有…的可能 bid /bɪd/ v.投标；（尤指拍卖时的）出价；命令，吩咐；n.投标；出价，喊价 fair /feə(r)/ n.（旧时）牲畜市场；(评比农畜产品的)集市；展销会；商品交易会； adj.公平的；公正的； a shepherd dog 一只牧羊犬 Para3,Line6,Page87 royal fashion 皇家风范Para3,Line8,Page87 puppy hood 幼年时期 Para3,Line9,Page88 a sated aristocrat 一个有名的贵族Para3,Line9,Page88 sate /seɪt/ vt. 充分满足；满足(欲望) aristocrat英/ˈærɪstəkræt/ 美/əˈrɪstəkræt/ n. (一位)贵族 fine pride 高傲Para3,Line9,Page88 a trifle egotistical 小小的自负Para3,Line10,Page88 trifle /ˈtraɪfl/n. 一点儿；小事；琐事；稍微； egotistical adj. 任性的；自我本位的；傲慢自尊的 egotist /ˈ ɛ gətɪst/ n.自我主义者；利己主义者；自我中心者；自私自利者 insular英/ˈɪnsjələ(r)/ 美/ˈɪnsələr/adj. 保守的；思想褊狭的；Para3,Line10,Page88 a mere pampered house-dog 一只娇生惯养的家犬Para3,Line11,Page88 hunting and kindred outdoor delights 打猎及类似的户外乐趣Para3,Line11,Page88 tub /tʌb/ v.使入浴；(在浴缸里)为…洗澡； n.桶；盆；Para3,Line12,Page88 tonic 强身剂 Para3,Line13,Page88 health preserver 健康保护者Para3,Line13,Page88 Para4, Page88 snug 温暖舒适的；惬意的 Para4,Line5,Page88 was loath to leave不情愿地离开Para4,Line6,Page88 thaw over the fire 在火上解冻Para4,Line6,Page88 ration 份额 Para4,Line7,Page88 a warning snarl 一声警告性的咆哮Para4,Line7,Page88 trespasser 入侵者 Para4,Line8,Page88 roar 咆哮Para4,Line9,Page88 sprang upon... with a fury 愤怒地扑向……Para4,Line9,Page88 spring v. 跃；蹦；弹跳spring 过去式：sprang过去分词：sprung fury /ˈfjʊəri/n.愤怒；狂怒；暴怒；大发雷霆Para4,Line9,Page88 an unusually timid dog 一只异常胆小的狗Para4,Line11,Page88 Para5, Page88 excerpt /ˈeksɜːpt/ n. 片段；摘录；节选 Para5,Line1,Page88 engaging adj. 迷人的Para5,Line4,Page88 Para7, Page88 scurvy /ˈskɜːvi/ n. 坏血病Para7,Line3,Page88 Ⅱ.课文及汉语译文 JOURNEYS BY DOG SLED About 120 years ago, gold was discovered in the Yukon, in northern Canada, starting a gold rush as tens of thousands of men-and women-travelled there from around the world in the hope of making their fortunes. There were no real roads in that area back then, so it was difficult to travel overland in summer. However, once the ground was covered in ice and snow, one could travel long distances quickly by sled. Of course, the winter weather was too harsh for horses-they would die in the cold. Dogs, on the other hand, thrived in the cold because of their thick fur, so then-and even now-dogs were used on long journeys through the snow carrying people and goods on sleds. As a young man, Jack London joined the gold rush and journeyed from California to Alaska and the Yukon. Though, like most miners, he did not get rich looking for gold, he saw first-hand how dogs were a necessary part of travel in the far north. Some friends he met there had a large dog, a husky and St Bernard mixed breed. This dog seemed particularly tough and healthy and served as inspiration for the main dog character in London's novel, The Call of the Wild. London thought of his time in the north as one of his life's greatest adventures. When he returned to California, he was unable to find a job. Those were difficult times in California, which was still isolated and cut off from much of the American economy. With Alaska fresh in his mind, he tried to sell the story of his journey up north to several publishers and magazines, but no one seemed interested. Later, London wrote a short story about a dog in the far north who survives many adventures and ends up killing his master. But almost immediately after its publication, London regretted it and felt that he needed to "set the story straight" by showing how noble and loyal dogs were, especially dogs in the far north, where travel and survival was difficult. It was this that started him writing his famous novel, The Call of the Wild. The new story was quickly picked up by a magazine and serialised into four parts. It became extremely popular. Later, it was published in book format and has never been out of print since. The hero of London's novel was Buck, a large family dog owned by a wealthy judge: "Buck was neither house-dog nor kennel-dog. The whole realm was his ... he was king-king over all creeping, crawling, flying things of Judge Miller's place, humans included. His father; Elmo, a huge St Bernard, had been the Judge's inseparable companion, and Buck bid fair to follow in the way of his father. He was not so large-he weighed only one hundred and forty pounds--for his mother, Shep, had been a Scotch shepherd dog. Nevertheless, one hundred and forty pounds, to which was added the dignity that comes of good living and universal respect, enabled him to carry himself in right royal fashion. During the four years since his puppyhood he had lived the life of a sated aristocrat; he had a fine pride in himself, was even a trifle egotistical, as country gentlemen sometimes become because of their insular situation. But he saved himself by not becoming a mere pampered house-dog. Hunting and kindred outdoor delights had kept down the fat and hardened his muscles; and to him, as to the cold-tubbing races, the love off water had been a tonic and a health preserver: " Buck's life was wonderful and happy, until he was stolen and sold to men who took him to Canada, where he became a sled dog used for travel in the harsh Yukon winter. The book was an early example of an adventure tale told from an animal's point of view, by an animal with human emotions and ways of seeing the world: "Close in under the sheltering rock Buck made his nest. So snug and warm was it, that he was loath to leave it when Francois distributed the fish which he had first thawed over the fire. But when Buck finished his ration and returned, he found his nest occupied. A warning snarl told him that the trespasser was Spitz. Till now Buck had avoided trouble with his enemy, but this was too much. The beast in him roared. He sprang upon Spitz with a fury which surprised them both, and Spitz particularly, for his whole experience with Buck had gone to teach him that his rival was an unusually timid dog, who managed to hold his own only because of his great weight and size." The excerpt above shows how London created a dog that not only had qualities that humans recognise in dogs, but also an emotional complexity that humans also recognise in each other. In this way, London was able to create a character that was both non-human and human. This made the adventure tale engaging and fascinating, offering urban Americans insight into what life in the far north was like for dogs and humans. Just as Buck as a dog is used to pull sleds on long journeys, the story itself is one of a long inner journey. Buck begins his life in a comfortable, loving home where he must depend upon his human master for everything. But later he is forced to survive under harsh circumstances in a difficult environment. There, however, he finds a strength that he did not realise he had, and becomes an essential part of his owner's life. Yet, as much as his human owner needs Buck for survival, Buck discovers that he no longer needs humans. So, when his owner dies, he escapes into the forest and joins the wolves, finally discovering true freedom and independence. Sadly, Jack London died young in 1916 at the age of 40.There is debate about how he died exactly, as London had suffered from several painful diseases in the last years of his life, including scurvy which had been caused by his travels in the Yukon earlier in life. After his death, interest in The Call of the Wild, and some of his other works, grew much stronger. Romantic ideas of the tragic author who passed away when he was still young and handsome made his works even more popular. Today, The Call of the Wild is considered one of the most important novels of American literature, and students in high school and college are often required to read it. 狗拉雪橇之旅大约120年前，在加拿大北部的育空地区发现了黄金，这引发了一场淘金热，成千上万的男女从世界各地涌向那里，希望发家致富。那时，那个地区没有真正的道路，所以夏天陆地旅行非常困难。然而，一旦地面被冰雪覆盖，就可以通过雪橇快速地长途旅行。当然，冬天的天气对于马来说太严酷了——它们会在寒冷中死去。另一方面，狗在寒冷中茁壮成长，因为它们有厚厚的皮毛，所以那时——甚至现在——狗被用于长途雪橇旅行，运送人员和货物。当杰克·伦敦还是个年轻人时，他加入了淘金热，从加利福尼亚州旅行到阿拉斯加和育空地区。尽管像大多数矿工一样，他没有通过寻找黄金而致富，但他亲眼目睹了狗是远北地区旅行的必要部分。他在那里遇到的一些朋友有一只大狗，是哈士奇和圣伯纳德的混血品种。这只狗看起来特别坚韧和健康，成为伦敦小说《野性的呼唤》中主要狗角色的灵感来源。 伦敦认为他在北方的时间是他生活中最伟大的冒险之一。当他回到加利福尼亚州时，他找不到工作。那时的加利福尼亚州仍然与美国大部分经济隔绝，处于困难时期。阿拉斯加还历历在目，他试图将他北上的旅程故事卖给几家出版社和杂志，但似乎没有人感兴趣。后来，伦敦写了一篇关于远北地区的一只狗的短篇故事，这只狗经历了许多冒险，最终杀死了他的主人。但几乎在它出版后，伦敦就后悔了，他觉得需要“纠正故事”，展示狗是多么的高贵和忠诚，特别是远北地区的狗，那里的旅行和生存是困难的。正是这促使他开始写作他著名的《野性的呼唤》。新的故事很快被一家杂志选中，并连载成四部分。它变得非常受欢迎。后来，它以书籍形式出版，从那以后就从未绝版过。 伦敦小说的主人公是巴克，一只属于富裕法官的大家庭狗：“巴克既不是家里的狗，也不是养狗的狗。整个王国都是他的……他是米勒法官所有爬行、爬行、飞行的东西的国王，包括人类。他的父亲；埃尔莫，一只巨大的圣伯纳德犬，一直是米勒法官不可分割的伙伴，巴克也很乐意追随他的父亲。他个子不高，体重只有一百四十磅——因为他的母亲谢普是一只苏格兰牧羊犬。然而，一百四十磅的体重，再加上良好的生活和普遍尊重所带来的尊严，使他能够以正确的皇室风格行事。在他小时候的四年里，他过着心满意足的生活。贵族；他对自己很自豪，甚至有点自负，就像乡村绅士有时因为孤立而变得的那样。但他通过不成为一个被宠坏的室内狗来拯救自己。狩猎和相关的户外乐趣减少了脂肪，使他的肌肉硬化；对他来说，像冷水浴种族一样，对水的爱是一种补药和健康保护剂：” 巴克的生活是美好和快乐的，直到他被偷走并卖给带他去加拿大的人，那里他成为了一只用于在严酷的育空冬季旅行的雪橇狗。这本书是早期从动物的角度讲述冒险故事的例子，通过具有人类情感和世界观的动物：“巴克在遮蔽的岩石下筑巢。它非常舒适和温暖，以至于当弗朗索瓦分发他首先在火上解冻的鱼时，他不愿意离开。但当巴克吃完他的份额并返回时，他发现他的巢被占据了。一个警告的咆哮告诉他，入侵者是斯皮茨。直到现在，巴克一直避免与他的敌人发生麻烦，但这太过了。他体内的野兽咆哮。他以令他们两个都惊讶的愤怒扑向斯皮茨，尤其是斯皮茨，因为他的整个经验都告诉他，他的对手是一只异常胆小的狗，他之所以能够保持自己的地位，只是因为他的体重和体型。” 上面的摘录显示了伦敦如何创造了一只不仅具有人类在狗中认识到的品质，而且具有人类也相互认识到的情感复杂性的狗。通过这种方式，伦敦能够创造一个既是非人类又是人类的角色。这使得冒险故事引人入胜和迷人，为城市美国人提供了对狗和人类在远北地区的生活的洞察。 正如巴克作为狗被用来在长途旅行中拉雪橇一样，这个故事本身是一个漫长的内心旅程。巴克开始他的生活在舒适、充满爱的家中，他必须依赖他的人类主人提供一切。但后来，他被迫在困难的环境中生存。然而，他在那里找到了他没有意识到自己拥有的力量，并成为他主人生活中不可或缺的一部分。然而，正如他的主人需要巴克生存一样，巴克发现他不再需要人类。因此，当他的主人去世时，他逃入森林，加入了狼群，最终发现了真正的自由和独立。 可悲的是，杰克·伦敦在1916年年轻时去世，享年40岁。关于他确切的死因存在争议，因为伦敦在生命的最后几年遭受了几种痛苦的疾病，包括由于他早年在育空地区的旅行而引起的坏血病。他去世后，对《野性的呼唤》以及他的其他一些作品的兴趣大大增强。关于悲剧性作者在年轻和英俊时去世的浪漫想法使他的作品更加受欢迎。今天，《野性的呼唤》被认为是最重要的美国文学作品之一，高中和大学的学生经常被要求阅读它。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$