精品解析：吉林省白山市抚松县第一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题

抚松一中2024-2025学年高一开学考试 英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What was the woman doing last weekend? A．Packing things B．Doing exercise. C．Posting packages. 2．Where are the speakers? A．In a restaurant. B．In a car shop. C．At a birthday party. 3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Colleagues. C．Strangers. 4．What is the man complaining about? A．Hotel service. B．Restaurant food. C．Restaurant service. 5．Why did the woman call for help? A．She had a cold B．Her computer was gone. C．Her screen went wrong. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．Why does the woman go to a dance class? A．To lose weight. B．To get into shape. C．To get more energy. 7．How often does the man go swimming? A．Every night. B．Once a week. C．Three times a week. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How many players were there in the band? A．4. B．5. C．6. 9．What is punk music like? A．Soft. B．Quiet. C．Fast. 10．Why did the man like punk music? A．To express himself. B．To become a player. C．To be cool. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．When is Australia Day? A．26th January. B．14th February. C．26th February. 12．What do people usually do on Australia Day? A．Have a picnic. B．Make flags, C．Date with partner. 13．When will girls give gifts to boys? A．On Australia Day B．On Japan’s White Day. C．On Japan’s Valentine’s Day. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What effect did the flood cause? A．Many buildings fell down. B．The loss was a million dollars. C．Mass lands were destroyed. 15．Which floor did the man live on? A．The fifth floor. B．The nineteenth floor. C．The twentieth floor. 16．How did the man feel about the earthquake? A．Disappointed. B．Annoyed. C．Frightened. 17．Who gave the man a beautiful painting? A．His Chinese secretary. B．His Thailand friend. C．His Chinese friend. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What does the man think of the Olympics? A．Surprising. B．Exciting. C．Boring. 19．What made the Olympics better many years ago? A More events. B．Traditional sports. C．Professional athletes. 20．Where will the next Winter Olympics be held? A．In Italy. B．In Paris. C．In England. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Four things that you can't miss in Macao. Macao Tower AJ Hackett Bungee Jump The Macao Tower, 338 meters tall, is the world's 10th highest tower, with a variety of activities, such as gambling, eating and entertainment. One of the acclaimed activities is the bungee jump. The AJ Hackett Macao Tower Bungee Jump is 233 meters high, making it the highest commercial bungee jump in the world. Raise your arms and off you go! If you are not daring enough to jump that height, you can try the skywalk on the 57th floor --- it's still remarkable. Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner Macao was colonized by Portugal before 1999. As a result, Portuguese culture is deeply immersed into many comers of Macao. Many Portuguese settled and opened Portuguese restaurants in the special administrative region, but the flavor is more adaptable to Chinese people. Marking at the Ruins of St. Paul The Ruins of St. Paul is the signature landmark of Macao. The ruins consist of the St. Paul's College and the Church of St. Paul built in 1583. However, after three intense fires in 1595, 1601 and 1835, the church was seriously damaged. It is beyond belief that after the vigorous cycles of rebuilding and fires, the huge surface and the front stairway remain unburned. Visiting a museum Macao, as a tiny city with only an area of 30.5 square kilometers, has 23 eye-catching museums. Due to its unique history, both Eastern and Western historical sites can be found. Many of them are preserved for cultural heritage, tourist spots or museums, such as the Grand Prix Museum, Maritime Museum and Wine Museum. 1. Which activity will be popular with adventurous visitors? A. Going Bungee Jumping. B. Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner. C. Marking at the Ruins of St. Paul. D. Visiting a museum. 2. What is incredible about the Ruins of St. Paul? A. It has a unique culture. B. It serves as a symbol of Macao. C. It partly stays undamaged after fierce fires. D. It is a combination of a college and a church. 3. What do "'Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner" and "Visiting a museum" have in common? A. Taking a selfie in it. B. Finding historical sites. C. Enjoying a breathtaking experience. D. Feeling both eastern and western cultures. B Charles Darwin was born into a family of thinkers. His father was a Fellow of the Royal Society（the elite circle of top British scientists），his mother was the daughter of Josiah Wedgwood，the man who founded the famous Wedgwood Potteries，and his grandfather，Erasmus Darwin，was a famous physician，thinker and philosopher who，like his grandson，spent much time studying the evolution of life. After a childhood in the town of Shrewsbury，where he was educated at the Grammar School，Darwin went up to Edinburgh University to study medicine and natural history. When he was eighteen，he left Edinburgh and went to Cambridge University，planning to enter the church，but he was more interested in science than in religion and later he abandoned theology. Shortly after graduating from Cambridge，he got a job as a naturalist on the ship H. M. S. Beagle，which was about to start on a scientific and cartographic（地图的）survey of the South American coast. The journey started in December 1831 and was to last almost five years，during which time he collected considerable documentation. Darwin was struck by the animals of the south seas，particularly by the tortoises he found on the Galapagos Islands，a group of Pacific Islands. The Galapagos tortoises，Darwin observed，differed from island to island，and this，he inferred，showed different forms of evolution，since the animals obviously came from the same origins. Darwin was also struck by the iguanas（蜥蜴）he found，and observed that those which lived in water had heads suitable for finding food among stones，while those that lived on land had a sharper head，more fit for a herbivorous（食草的）animal. Darwin developed his theory of evolution，but it was not until 1859 that he actually published it. It was instantly seen as a great milestone in scientific thought，and attracted violent argument all over Europe. Many found fault in it，and Darwin spent the rest of his life improving his theory in the light of other people's observations. 4. What is the purpose of para.1？ A. To honour his family. B. To increase his popularity. C. To show his family's influence on him. D. To highlight his family's contributions. 5. What did Darwin end up studying at Cambridge University？ A. Science. B. Theology. C. Medicine. D. Natural history. 6. Why were the iguanas different from island to island？ A. Because of their types. B. Because of their habitats. C. Because of their foods. D. Because of their origins. 7. What can be learned about Darwin's theory of evolution？ A. He felt quite content with it. B. He published it once finished. C. It caused a worldwide disagreement. D. It was a great breakthrough in science. C Walking in the local supermarket, you will be caught by the scent (气味) of mixed herbs (香草), mentally transporting you to a kitchen filled with the smell of your favorite home-cooked meal. In no time, your plans for dinner and your shopping list change. Previous research has found spreading a chocolate scent in a bookstore increased interest in romance books and cookbooks. And natural scents in a store encouraged spending on products with fewer man-made characteristics. Generally, different scents have been shown to influence shoppers’ choices of specific types of clothing. To understand the effect of herbs, our new research was broken into three parts: experiments in the lab, a field study and online surveys. In our sensory lab at Auckland University of Technology, we invited participants to experience the smell of mixed herbs while shopping in a supermarket. Shoppers bought more baskets of healthy goods when in an environment with the herbal smell compared to the non-herbal smell. In the field study, we spread a herbal scent in two stores and found shoppers experiencing the scent bought more healthy food items than those experiencing no scent. Our online surveys present a similar result-even when the scents are only imagined. According to the research, when participants are smelling a certain scent, they easily start activities related to the scent. The act of smelling or imagining a herbal scent encourages memories of cooking and eating home-cooked meals prepared from fresh ingredients (食材). We find the mental connection with home-cooking then drives customers to choose and buy related healthy foods rather than processed foods. Beyond general smells that come from the products, supermarkets often use man-made scents, such as spreading the grapefruit smell in the produce section, and the chocolate smell in the sweet foods section. Understanding the influence of certain smells isn’t just about increasing sales. Supermarkets play a key role in shaping food choices. Using scent marketing to direct customers towards wiser food choices is an under-explored opportunity to achieve better public health results. 8. What can we infer from previous research? A. Bookstore sales keep rising. B. Material influences the scent quality. C. Man-made products are gaining popularity. D. Scent marketing has been widely applied. 9. What does the new research show? A. Natural food markets attract more customers. B. Herbal scents add to the health value of food. C. Herbal scents encourage healthy food choices. D. Mixed smells cause trouble for decision-making. 10. What is the function of paragraph 4? A. Raising doubts. B. Explaining reasons. C. Suggesting solutions. D. Making comparisons. 11. What is a benefit of using man-made scents in supermarkets? A. Improving public health. B. Promoting food storage. C. Increasing sales of all products. D. Simplifying product arrangement. D Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let’s think differently. Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand? Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process. So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed. In homes built under the small-house policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated (协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction. For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each person’s circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design. Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used. We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings. 12. What’s the author’s attitude towards the open-door practice of the street shops? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Optimistic. D. Uncaring. 13. Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans? A. To follow an old practice. B. To help reduce energy use. C. To completely replace air conditioners. D. To help cut down on daily expenses. 14. What’s the key to making sustainable buildings a reality? A. All parties should get started at the same time. B. The basic architecture should be finished first. C. Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction. D. Seeking the small-house policy and some successful architects. 15. What would be the best title for the text? A. Waste less, live better B. Goodbye, air conditioning C. How to reduce the energy cost D. Green buildings call for integrated design 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Can I Fight Laziness? Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind. ___16___Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency (趋势) to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day. Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. ___17___Others take a more active approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life. Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations (诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment. However, watching too much TV in your spare time often contributes to laziness._____18_____Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. ___19___Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people. ___20___Enough exercise and a balanced diet can enable you to have more energy and help lift your spirits. A. To fight family laziness, set an example. B. Knowing how to fight laziness is important. C. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep. D. Finally, developing a healthy lifestyle can help you fight laziness. E. With strong determination (意志力), you will be able to achieve your goal. F. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. G. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child. 第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） As a little kid, I really enjoyed math. And when my parents were doing math with my sister, I ___21___ some things. One of those things I learned ahead of my classmates was the ___22___ method of adding numbers at once. When it was time for the class to learn the same ___23___, they didn’t add the numbers right. I thought my way was more ___24___ than others. So I chose to. ___25___ the way Ms Brown was teaching. One day, Ms Brown asked me and the other four students to solve math problems on the blackboard. ___26___, she watched us doing our work. I was on the far end, away from the teacher, but I was worried that she would ___27___ me doing things the “wrong” way. So after figuring out the answers, I quickly ___28___ my detailed work. When Ms Brown ___29___ me, she agreed my answers were right. But she insisted that I should show my ____30____ and redo my work. I was honestly expecting a（n） ____31____ for not using her way. To my surprise, she ____32____ me and even told the whole class mine was a better way of solving these kinds of problems. It is only after I became an adult that I could fully ____33____ how refreshing it was to have a teacher who was willing to let kids solve problems in their own way rather than insisting that they stick to the ____34____ taught way. To this day, I am still grateful to Ms Brown for her ____35____ teaching style. 21. A. picked up B. put out C. took away D. looked into 22. A. similar B. moving C. impressive D. slow 23. A. order B. content C. meaning D. language 24. A. effective B. important C. natural D. serious 25. A. correct B. explain C. ignore D. support 26. A. Instead B. Anyway C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile 27 A. keep B. save C. hear D. catch 28. A. erased B. showed C. judged D. recorded 29. A. admired B. greeted C. approached D. challenged 30 A. purpose B. mistake C. message D. process 31. A. excuse B. opportunity C. discussion D. lecture 32. A. thanked B. praised C. blamed D. tested 33. A. doubt B. appreciate C. remember D. accept 34. A. secretly B. casually C. officially D. creatively 35. A. encouraging B. interesting C. humorous D. traditional 第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 课文内容填空 Many people are confused about the _____36_____(mean) of the names: the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England. _____37_____ (solve) this puzzle, knowing a little bit about British history will help. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales _____38_____(join) to the Kingdom of England, followed by the country Scotland in 18th century. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. _____39_____ (final), in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away_____40_____the UK, resulting in the full name we have today: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, ____41____ means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain. Even though the four countries which ____42____ (belong) to the United Kingdom work together in some areas, such as using the same flag, sharing the same currency and military ____43____ (defend), they also have some differences. Anyhow, the United Kingdom has _____44_____ long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and ____45____ (it) traditions. 第二节 书面表达（满分40分） 小作文（15分） 46. 假如你是李华，请你给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文，介绍我们的首都——北京。要点如下： 1．基本概况：人口约2000万，面积16000多平方千米，位于华北平原北部； 2．气候：四季分明，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥； 3．历史与文化：有3000多年的历史，是我国的政治、文化中心，有很多著名大学，如清华大学、北京大学等； 4．交通与旅游：交通便利，有天安门广场、故宫、长城等很多旅游景点。 注意：词数100左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：北京大学Peking University，清华大学Tsinghua University，故宫The Forbidden City，天安门广场 Tian’anmen Square ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see!” “No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.” “You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go,” said Robert, and he ran. Henry went straight home and in the afternoon went to school as usual. But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn’t want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored (忽视) the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Everyday after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun. A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him. 注意： 1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1： Robert was fast sinking. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Thus, Robert’s life was saved. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5．ABBCC 6-10．BCACA 11-15．AACCB 16-20．CCBBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 抚松一中2024-2025学年高一开学考试 英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What was the woman doing last weekend? A．Packing things B．Doing exercise. C．Posting packages. 2．Where are the speakers? A．In a restaurant. B．In a car shop. C．At a birthday party. 3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Colleagues. C．Strangers. 4．What is the man complaining about? A．Hotel service. B．Restaurant food. C．Restaurant service. 5．Why did the woman call for help? A．She had a cold. B．Her computer was gone. C．Her screen went wrong. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．Why does the woman go to a dance class? A．To lose weight. B．To get into shape. C．To get more energy. 7．How often does the man go swimming? A．Every night. B．Once a week. C．Three times a week. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How many players were there in the band? A．4. B．5. C．6. 9．What is punk music like? A．Soft. B．Quiet. C．Fast. 10．Why did the man like punk music? A．To express himself. B．To become a player. C．To be cool. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．When is Australia Day? A．26th January. B．14th February. C．26th February. 12．What do people usually do on Australia Day? A．Have a picnic. B．Make flags, C．Date with partner. 13．When will girls give gifts to boys? A．On Australia Day. B．On Japan’s White Day. C．On Japan’s Valentine’s Day. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What effect did the flood cause? A．Many buildings fell down. B．The loss was a million dollars. C．Mass lands were destroyed. 15．Which floor did the man live on? A．The fifth floor. B．The nineteenth floor. C．The twentieth floor. 16．How did the man feel about the earthquake? A．Disappointed. B．Annoyed. C．Frightened. 17．Who gave the man a beautiful painting? A．His Chinese secretary. B．His Thailand friend. C．His Chinese friend. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What does the man think of the Olympics? A．Surprising. B．Exciting. C．Boring. 19．What made the Olympics better many years ago? A More events. B．Traditional sports. C．Professional athletes. 20．Where will the next Winter Olympics be held? A．In Italy. B．In Paris. C．In England. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Four things that you can't miss in Macao. Macao Tower AJ Hackett Bungee Jump The Macao Tower, 338 meters tall, is the world's 10th highest tower, with a variety of activities, such as gambling, eating and entertainment. One of the acclaimed activities is the bungee jump. The AJ Hackett Macao Tower Bungee Jump is 233 meters high, making it the highest commercial bungee jump in the world. Raise your arms and off you go! If you are not daring enough to jump that height, you can try the skywalk on the 57th floor --- it's still remarkable. Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner Macao was colonized by Portugal before 1999. As a result, Portuguese culture is deeply immersed into many comers of Macao. Many Portuguese settled and opened Portuguese restaurants in the special administrative region, but the flavor is more adaptable to Chinese people. Marking at the Ruins of St. Paul The Ruins of St. Paul is the signature landmark of Macao. The ruins consist of the St. Paul's College and the Church of St. Paul, built in 1583. However, after three intense fires in 1595, 1601 and 1835, the church was seriously damaged. It is beyond belief that after the vigorous cycles of rebuilding and fires, the huge surface and the front stairway remain unburned. Visiting a museum Macao, as a tiny city with only an area of 30.5 square kilometers, has 23 eye-catching museums. Due to its unique history, both Eastern and Western historical sites can be found. Many of them are preserved for cultural heritage, tourist spots or museums, such as the Grand Prix Museum, Maritime Museum and Wine Museum. 1. Which activity will be popular with adventurous visitors? A. Going Bungee Jumping. B. Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner. C. Marking at the Ruins of St. Paul. D. Visiting a museum. 2. What is incredible about the Ruins of St. Paul? A. It has a unique culture. B. It serves as a symbol of Macao. C. It partly stays undamaged after fierce fires. D. It is a combination of a college and a church. 3. What do "'Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner" and "Visiting a museum" have in common? A. Taking a selfie in it. B. Finding historical sites. C. Enjoying a breathtaking experience. D. Feeling both eastern and western cultures. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇介绍了去澳门游玩时不可错过的四件事：去AJ Hackett蹦极，吃传统澳门餐，打卡圣保罗大教堂、参观博物馆。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Macao Tower AJ Hackett Bungee Jump部分的One of the acclaimed activities is the bungee jump. The AJ Hackett Macao Tower Bungee Jump is 233 meters high, making it the highest commercial bungee jump in the world.(蹦极是最受欢迎的活动之一。AJ Hackett澳门塔蹦极有233米高，是世界上最高的商业蹦极)可推测，喜欢冒险的人会去AJ Hackett塔蹦极。A. Going Bungee Jumping.(去蹦极)符合以上说法，故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Marking at the Ruins of St. Paul部分的It is beyond belief that after the vigorous cycles of rebuilding and fires, the huge surface and the front stairway remain unburned.(令人难以置信的是，在经历了一轮又一轮的重建和火灾后，巨大的表面和前面的楼梯仍然没有被烧毁)可知，圣保罗大教堂的不可思议之处是虽然经历了很多次火灾，它的一些部分没有被大火烧毁。C. It partly stays undamaged after fierce fires.(在猛烈的火灾后，它的一部分仍然完好无损)符合以上说法，故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner部分的As a result, Portuguese culture is deeply immersed into many comers of Macao. Many Portuguese settled and opened Portuguese restaurants in the special administrative region, but the flavor is more adaptable to Chinese people (因此，许多来澳门的人都深深融入了葡萄牙文化。许多葡萄牙人在澳门特别行政区定居,并开设了餐馆，但这里的风味更适合中国人。)和Visiting a museum部分的Due to its unique history, both Eastern and Western historical sites can be found.(由于其独特的历史，东方和西方的历史遗迹都可以找到)可知，Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner和Visiting a museum的共同之处是，在这两项活动中都能够体验到东西方的文化。D. Feeling both eastern and western cultures.(能够感觉到东西方文化)符合以上说法，故选D项。 B Charles Darwin was born into a family of thinkers. His father was a Fellow of the Royal Society（the elite circle of top British scientists），his mother was the daughter of Josiah Wedgwood，the man who founded the famous Wedgwood Potteries，and his grandfather，Erasmus Darwin，was a famous physician，thinker and philosopher who，like his grandson，spent much time studying the evolution of life. After a childhood in the town of Shrewsbury，where he was educated at the Grammar School，Darwin went up to Edinburgh University to study medicine and natural history. When he was eighteen，he left Edinburgh and went to Cambridge University，planning to enter the church，but he was more interested in science than in religion and later he abandoned theology. Shortly after graduating from Cambridge，he got a job as a naturalist on the ship H. M. S. Beagle，which was about to start on a scientific and cartographic（地图的）survey of the South American coast. The journey started in December 1831 and was to last almost five years，during which time he collected considerable documentation. Darwin was struck by the animals of the south seas，particularly by the tortoises he found on the Galapagos Islands，a group of Pacific Islands. The Galapagos tortoises，Darwin observed，differed from island to island，and this，he inferred，showed different forms of evolution，since the animals obviously came from the same origins. Darwin was also struck by the iguanas（蜥蜴）he found，and observed that those which lived in water had heads suitable for finding food among stones，while those that lived on land had a sharper head，more fit for a herbivorous（食草的）animal. Darwin developed his theory of evolution，but it was not until 1859 that he actually published it. It was instantly seen as a great milestone in scientific thought，and attracted violent argument all over Europe. Many found fault in it，and Darwin spent the rest of his life improving his theory in the light of other people's observations. 4. What is the purpose of para.1？ A. To honour his family. B. To increase his popularity. C. To show his family's influence on him. D. To highlight his family's contributions. 5. What did Darwin end up studying at Cambridge University？ A. Science. B. Theology. C. Medicine. D. Natural history. 6. Why were the iguanas different from island to island？ A. Because of their types. B. Because of their habitats. C. Because of their foods. D. Because of their origins. 7. What can be learned about Darwin's theory of evolution？ A. He felt quite content with it. B. He published it once finished. C. It caused a worldwide disagreement. D. It was a great breakthrough in science. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。本文章主要介绍了达尔文一生的生活经历和成就。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Charles Darwin was born into a family of thinkers. (查尔斯·达尔文出生于一个思想家家庭。) ”及后文对他父亲，母亲，祖父的介绍可知，达尔文的家人社会地位都很高，家人对达尔文的影响很大。所以第一段的写作目的是为了表明家庭对达尔文的影响。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的“When he was eighteen, he left Edinburgh and went to Cambridge University, planning to enter the church, but he was more interested in science than in religion and later he abandoned theology. (十八岁时，他离开爱丁堡，进入剑桥大学，打算进入教堂，但他对科学比对宗教更感兴趣，后来他放弃了神学。)”可知，达尔文进入剑桥大学后，对科学更感兴趣，故推知他在剑桥大学最终主修科学。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Darwin was also struck by the iguanas (蜥蜴) he found, and observed that those which lived in water had heads suitable for finding food among stones, while those that lived on land had a sharper head, more fit for a herbivorous (食草的) animal.(达尔文也被他发现的蜥蜴所震撼了，并观察到那些生活在水中的蜥蜴的头部适合在石头中寻找食物，而那些生活在陆地上的蜥蜴有更锋利的头部，更适合食草动物。)可知，生活在水中的蜥蜴和生活在陆地上的蜥蜴是因为生活环境的不同导致生物进化差异。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Darwin developed his theory of evolution, but it was not until 1859 that he actually published it. It was instantly seen as a great milestone in scientific thought, and attracted violent argument all over Europe. (达尔文发展了他的进化论，但直到1859年他才真正发表了它。它立即被视为科学思想的一个伟大里程碑，并引起了整个欧洲的激烈争论。)”可知，达尔文的进化论是科学思想的一个伟大的里程碑，是科学界的一个伟大的突破。故选D。 C Walking in the local supermarket, you will be caught by the scent (气味) of mixed herbs (香草), mentally transporting you to a kitchen filled with the smell of your favorite home-cooked meal. In no time, your plans for dinner and your shopping list change. Previous research has found spreading a chocolate scent in a bookstore increased interest in romance books and cookbooks. And natural scents in a store encouraged spending on products with fewer man-made characteristics. Generally, different scents have been shown to influence shoppers’ choices of specific types of clothing. To understand the effect of herbs, our new research was broken into three parts: experiments in the lab, a field study and online surveys. In our sensory lab at Auckland University of Technology, we invited participants to experience the smell of mixed herbs while shopping in a supermarket. Shoppers bought more baskets of healthy goods when in an environment with the herbal smell compared to the non-herbal smell. In the field study, we spread a herbal scent in two stores and found shoppers experiencing the scent bought more healthy food items than those experiencing no scent. Our online surveys present a similar result-even when the scents are only imagined. According to the research, when participants are smelling a certain scent, they easily start activities related to the scent. The act of smelling or imagining a herbal scent encourages memories of cooking and eating home-cooked meals prepared from fresh ingredients (食材). We find the mental connection with home-cooking then drives customers to choose and buy related healthy foods rather than processed foods. Beyond general smells that come from the products, supermarkets often use man-made scents, such as spreading the grapefruit smell in the produce section, and the chocolate smell in the sweet foods section. Understanding the influence of certain smells isn’t just about increasing sales. Supermarkets play a key role in shaping food choices. Using scent marketing to direct customers towards wiser food choices is an under-explored opportunity to achieve better public health results. 8. What can we infer from previous research? A. Bookstore sales keep rising. B. Material influences the scent quality. C. Man-made products are gaining popularity. D. Scent marketing has been widely applied. 9. What does the new research show? A. Natural food markets attract more customers. B. Herbal scents add to the health value of food. C. Herbal scents encourage healthy food choices. D. Mixed smells cause trouble for decision-making. 10. What is the function of paragraph 4? A. Raising doubts. B. Explaining reasons. C. Suggesting solutions. D. Making comparisons. 11. What is a benefit of using man-made scents in supermarkets? A. Improving public health. B. Promoting food storage. C. Increasing sales of all products. D. Simplifying product arrangement. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，香草气味能促使顾客购买更多健康食品，人造气味也在超市中常被使用以提升销售。通过在超市中应用香味营销，商家不仅可以增加销量，还可以引导顾客做出更健康的食品选择，从而改善公共健康。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Previous research has found spreading a chocolate scent in a bookstore increased interest in romance books and cookbooks. And natural scents in a store encouraged spending on products with fewer man-made characteristics.(先前的研究发现，在书店散发巧克力气味会增加对浪漫书籍和烹饪书籍的兴趣。而商店中的自然气味则鼓励人们购买具有较少人造特征的产品)”可知，气味营销已经被广泛应用。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Shoppers bought more baskets of healthy goods when in an environment with the herbal smell compared to the non-herbal smell.(在有香草气味的环境中，购物者购买的健康商品比在没有香草气味的环境中更多)”以及第三段“In the field study, we spread a herbal scent in two stores and found shoppers experiencing the scent bought more healthy food items than those experiencing no scent.(在实地研究中，我们在两家商店散发香草气味，发现体验到这种气味的购物者购买的健康食品比没有体验到这种气味的购物者更多)”可知，香草气味鼓励健康食品的选择。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“According to the research, when participants are smelling a certain scent, they easily start activities related to the scent. The act of smelling or imagining a herbal scent encourages memories of cooking and eating home-cooked meals prepared from fresh ingredients (食材).(根据研究，当参与者闻到某种气味时，他们很容易开始与气味相关的活动。闻到或想象香草气味的行为会激发烹饪和食用新鲜食材准备的家常饭菜的记忆)”可知，第四段的功能是解释原因。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Beyond general smells that come from the products, supermarkets often use man-made scents, such as spreading the grapefruit smell in the produce section, and the chocolate smell in the sweet foods section.(除了来自产品的一般气味外，超市还经常使用人造气味，比如在农产品区散布葡萄柚味，在甜食区散布巧克力味)”以及“Using scent marketing to direct customers towards wiser food choices is an under-explored opportunity to achieve better public health results.(利用气味营销引导顾客做出更明智的食品选择是一个未被充分探索的机会，可以实现更好的公共健康结果)”可知，使用人造气味的好处是改善公共健康。故选A。 D Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let’s think differently. Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand? Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process. So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed. In homes built under the small-house policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated (协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction. For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each person’s circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design. Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used. We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings. 12. What’s the author’s attitude towards the open-door practice of the street shops? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C Optimistic. D. Uncaring. 13. Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans? A. To follow an old practice. B To help reduce energy use. C. To completely replace air conditioners. D. To help cut down on daily expenses. 14. What’s the key to making sustainable buildings a reality? A. All parties should get started at the same time. B. The basic architecture should be finished first. C. Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction. D. Seeking the small-house policy and some successful architects. 15. What would be the best title for the text? A. Waste less, live better B. Goodbye, air conditioning C. How to reduce the energy cost D. Green buildings call for integrated design 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为要建造可持续的建筑以实现节能需要一体化设计。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段前两句“Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost.”(我们能否从结束临街商店的开门做法开始？虽然从这些商店吹来的凉爽空气让行人耳目一新，但这是有代价的。)可知，作者对街头商店开门营业的做法持反对态度。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs.”(因此，一定有可能在管理方面寻求改变，以鼓励更多的节能设计。)可知，作者建议安装吊扇以帮助减少能源使用。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated (协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction.”(目前可持续建筑设计和运营的思路涉及到一体化设计，即集合各方力量，创造出性能更好的建筑，实现节能。)可知，使可持续建筑成为现实的关键是能够实现节能的适当设计和性能。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand?”(如果我们不专注于增加能源供应，而是专注于减少需求会怎么样？)可知，文章在第一段引入主题为减少能源需求，根据第三段第一句“So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs.”(因此，一定有可能在管理方面寻求改变，以鼓励更多的节能设计。)可知，作者在第三段提出鼓励更多的节能设计以减少能源需求，根据倒第二段第一句“For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each person’s circle of influence.”(一体化设计要想成功，所有各方必须走到一起，超越每个人的影响范围进行思考。)和最后一段最后一句“By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings.”(我的意思是一个一体化的设计会产生更可持续的建筑。)可知，作者提出要建造可持续的建筑以实现节能需要一体化设计。故选D。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Can I Fight Laziness? Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind. ___16___Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency (趋势) to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day. Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. ___17___Others take a more active approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life. Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations (诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment. However, watching too much TV in your spare time often contributes to laziness._____18_____Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. ___19___Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people. ___20___Enough exercise and a balanced diet can enable you to have more energy and help lift your spirits. A. To fight family laziness, set an example. B. Knowing how to fight laziness is important. C. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep. D. Finally, developing a healthy lifestyle can help you fight laziness. E. With strong determination (意志力), you will be able to achieve your goal. F. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. G. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了几种克服懒惰的方法。 【16题详解】 本段作者讲的是有些人为了准备工作熬夜起床又早，导致下班回家后就没有动机和冲劲，通过调整睡眠多一些休息，可以让你一整天精神饱满。由此判断空格处的内容是：克服懒惰的方法之一就是有充足的睡眠。故选C。 【17题详解】 some﹍others，一些人﹍另外一些人，为固定用法。根据后文Others take a more positive approach，viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone另一些人采取更积极的方法，把每一项任务看作是他们必须独自克服的挑战。选项F. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. 有些人对待他们的生活就好像他们被从一个任务推到另一个任务。选项中的some对应下文中的others，表示两类人的对比，符合语境，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据后文Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy，such as a good dinner or a film可知你需要为自己创造奖励制度，就像父母为孩子做的一样（Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child），选项G符合题意，故选G。 【19题详解】 前文Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 提到懒惰可能会传递给你的家人。后面举例子来讲如何避免将懒惰传递给家人：Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal.要发挥榜样作用，选项A起承上启下的作用，符合题意，故选A。 【20题详解】 后文Enough exercise and a balanced diet can enable you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.中的exercise and a balanced diet都属于健康的生活方式（healthy lifestyle），与选项D提到的策略相对应，故先D。 【点睛】七选五解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，或副词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。同时也要注意一些固定搭配的使用。例如第二题，some﹍others，一些人﹍另外一些人，为固定用法。根据后文Others take a more positive approach，viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone另一些人采取更积极的方法，把每一项任务看作是他们必须独自克服的挑战。选项F. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. 有些人对待他们的生活就好像他们被从一个任务推到另一个任务。选项中的some对应下文中的others，表示两类人的对比，符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） As a little kid, I really enjoyed math. And when my parents were doing math with my sister, I ___21___ some things. One of those things I learned ahead of my classmates was the ___22___ method of adding numbers at once. When it was time for the class to learn the same ___23___, they didn’t add the numbers right. I thought my way was more ___24___ than others. So I chose to. ___25___ the way Ms Brown was teaching. One day, Ms Brown asked me and the other four students to solve math problems on the blackboard. ___26___, she watched us doing our work. I was on the far end, away from the teacher, but I was worried that she would ___27___ me doing things the “wrong” way. So after figuring out the answers, I quickly ___28___ my detailed work. When Ms Brown ___29___ me, she agreed my answers were right. But she insisted that I should show my ____30____ and redo my work. I was honestly expecting a（n） ____31____ for not using her way. To my surprise, she ____32____ me and even told the whole class mine was a better way of solving these kinds of problems. It is only after I became an adult that I could fully ____33____ how refreshing it was to have a teacher who was willing to let kids solve problems in their own way rather than insisting that they stick to the ____34____ taught way. To this day, I am still grateful to Ms Brown for her ____35____ teaching style. 21. A. picked up B. put out C. took away D. looked into 22. A. similar B. moving C. impressive D. slow 23. A. order B. content C. meaning D. language 24. A. effective B. important C. natural D. serious 25. A. correct B. explain C. ignore D. support 26. A. Instead B. Anyway C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile 27. A. keep B. save C. hear D. catch 28. A. erased B. showed C. judged D. recorded 29. A. admired B. greeted C. approached D. challenged 30. A. purpose B. mistake C. message D. process 31. A. excuse B. opportunity C. discussion D. lecture 32. A. thanked B. praised C. blamed D. tested 33. A. doubt B. appreciate C. remember D. accept 34. A. secretly B. casually C. officially D. creatively 35. A. encouraging B. interesting C. humorous D. traditional 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候在数学课上的一个经历，特别是与老师Ms. Brown之间关于解题方法的不同看法以及最终的认可和理解，体现了作者对这一经历的深刻记忆和对老师的感激之情。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我的父母和我的姐姐一起做数学题时，我也学到了一些东西。A. picked up捡起、偶然学会；B. put out扑灭；C. took away拿走；D. looked into调查。根据上文“As a little kid, I really enjoyed math. And when my parents were doing math with my sister”以及下文“One of those things I learned ahead of my classmates was the ___2___ method of adding numbers at once.”可知，作者喜欢数学，当父母和姐姐做数学题时，作者学到了一些东西。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我比同学们提前学到的内容之一，是一种令人印象深刻的可以一次性将数字相加的方法。A. similar相似的；B. moving动人的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的；D. slow缓慢的。根据下文“I thought my way was more ___4___ than others.”和“mine was a better way of solving these kinds of problems”可知，作者的方法是解决这类问题的更好方法，所以作者认为自己比同学提前学到的方法是令人印象深刻的。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当班上同学开始学习同样的内容时，他们没有正确地进行数字相加。A. order顺序；B. content内容；C. meaning意思；D. language语言。根据上文“One of those things I learned ahead of my classmates was the ___2___ method of adding numbers at once.”可推测，作者提前学到了一些数学知识，所以这里说当同学们学习同样的内容时，作者已经掌握了。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为我的方法比其他人的更有效。A. effective有效的；B. important重要的；C. natural自然的；D. serious严重的。根据上文“they didn’t add the numbers right.”可知，同学们没有正确地把数字相加。由此可知，作者认为自己的方法比其他人的更有效。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我选择不理会Brown老师所教的方法。A. correct改正；B. explain解释；C. ignore忽略；D. support支持。根据上文“I thought my way was more ___4___ than others.”可知，作者认为自己的方法更有效；再根据下文内容可知，作者并没有用老师教的方法。因此，作者选择不理会老师所教的方法。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，她看着我们做题。A. Instead相反；B. Anyway不管怎样；C. Otherwise否则；D. Meanwhile与此同时。根据下文“she watched us doing our work”可知，老师让作者和其他四个学生在黑板上做题，而自己则看着大家做题。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在离老师很远的一端，但我担心她会发现我用“错误”的方法做题。A. keep保持；B. save节省、挽救；C. hear听见；D. catch抓住。根据上文“So I chose to. ___5___ the way Ms Brown was teaching.”可知，作者没有按照老师教的方法做题，所以担心老师会发现自己用“错误”的方法做题。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以在算出答案后，我迅速擦掉了详细的解题过程。A. erased擦除；B. showed显示；C. judged判断；D. recorded记录。根据上文内容可知，作者担心老师发现自己用错误的方法做题；再根据下文“But she insisted that I should show my ___10___ and redo my work.”老师让作者重做可知，出于担心，作者擦掉了自己的解题过程。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Brown老师走到我身边时，她认可我的答案是正确的。A. admired钦佩；B. greeted问候；C. approached走近；D. challenged挑战。根据上文可知，老师在看大家做题；再根据下文“she agreed my answers were right”可推测，老师是走到作者身边，认可了作者的答案。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她坚持要我展示解题过程并重新做一遍。A. purpose目的；B. mistake错误；C. message信息；D. process过程。根据上文“So after figuring out the answers, I quickly ___8___ my detailed work.”可知，作者擦掉了解题过程；再根据下文“redo my work”可推测，老师要求作者展示解题过程。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我本以为会因为没有用她教的方法而受到一顿训斥。A. excuse借口；B. opportunity机会；C. discussion讨论；D. lecture讲座、训斥。根据上文可知，作者没有按照老师教的方法做题，所以作者觉得自己会因为没有用老师的方法而被训斥。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，她表扬了我，甚至告诉全班同学，我的方法是解决这类问题的更好方法。A. thanked感谢；B. praised表扬；C. blamed责备；D. tested测试。根据下文“even told the whole class mine was a better way of solving these kinds of problems.”以及上文的“to my surprise”可推测，作者本以为老师会训斥自己，但是老师并没有，反而表扬了作者。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我成年后，我才完全体会到，有一位愿意让孩子们用自己的方式解决问题，而不是坚持让他们遵循官方所教方法的老师，是多么令人耳目一新。A. doubt怀疑；B. appreciate欣赏、感激；C. remember记得；D. accept接受。根据下文“how refreshing it was to have a teacher who was willing to let kids solve problems in their own way rather than insisting that they stick to the ___14___ taught way.”可知，作者成年后很感激自己曾经拥有这样一位老师。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：直到我成年后，我才完全体会到，有一位愿意让孩子们用自己的方式解决问题，而不是坚持让他们遵循官方所教方法的老师，是多么令人耳目一新。A. secretly秘密地；B. casually随意地；C. officially官方地；D. creatively创造性地。根据上文内容可知，老师并没有因为作者没有用自己教的方法解题而训斥作者。也就是说，老师没有坚持让作者用老师正式教的方法做题，而是认可了作者的方法。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，我仍然感激Brown老师那鼓励式的教学风格。A. encouraging鼓励的；B. interesting有趣的；C. humorous幽默的；D. traditional传统的。根据上文内容可知，老师并没有因为作者没有用自己教的方法解题而训斥作者，反而认可并表扬了作者的方法，这是一种鼓励式的教学风格。故选A。 第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 课文内容填空 Many people are confused about the _____36_____(mean) of the names: the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England. _____37_____ (solve) this puzzle, knowing a little bit about British history will help. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales _____38_____(join) to the Kingdom of England, followed by the country Scotland in 18th century. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. _____39_____ (final), in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away_____40_____the UK, resulting in the full name we have today: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, ____41____ means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain. Even though the four countries which ____42____ (belong) to the United Kingdom work together in some areas, such as using the same flag, sharing the same currency and military ____43____ (defend), they also have some differences. Anyhow, the United Kingdom has _____44_____ long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and ____45____ (it) traditions. 【答案】36. meaning 37. To solve 38. joined 39. Finally 40. from 41. which 42. belong 43. defence 44. a 45. its 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的相关历史。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：许多人对联合王国、大不列颠、不列颠和英格兰这几个名字的含义感到困惑。分析句子结构可知，定冠词the后接名词meaning（意义）在句中作宾语。故填meaning。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：要解开这个谜题，了解一点英国历史会有所帮助。分析句子结构可知，空处使用不定式在句中作状语。位于句首时首字母大写。故填To solve。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：16世纪，附近的威尔士加入了英格兰王国，18世纪苏格兰也加入了。分析句子结构可知，根据in the 16th century可知，该句谓语应使用一般过去时。故填joined。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰的南部从英国分离出去了。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用副词finally（最终）在句中作状语修饰整个句子，位于句首时首字母大写。故填Finally。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰的南部从英国分离出去了。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语break away from....，意为“从……脱离”。故填from。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：来自英国的人被叫做英国人，这就意味着英国经常被叫做Britian或者Great Britian。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，因此使用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：尽管英国四国在某些领域合作，例如使用同一面旗帜、共享同一货币和军事防御，但也存在一些差异。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，关系代词which指代先行词the four countries，且该句陈述一般事实，因此从句中谓语应使用一般现在时的复数形式。故填belong。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管英国四国在某些领域合作，例如使用同一面旗帜、共享同一货币和军事防御，但也存在一些差异。分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词defence（防御）作宾语。此处是名词短语military defence（军事防御）。故填defence。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：总之，英国有一段很长很有意思的历史去探索，这样能帮助我们理解更多关于这个国家和它的传统。后文提到的是长且有趣的历史，那么应该是一段历史，此处表示“一段”，使用不定冠词进行修饰，且long的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：总之，英国有一段很长很有意思的历史去探索，这样能帮助我们理解更多关于这个国家和它的传统。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用形容词性物主代词its（它的）在句中作定语修饰名词traditions（传统）。故填its。 第二节 书面表达（满分40分） 小作文（15分） 46. 假如你是李华，请你给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文，介绍我们的首都——北京。要点如下： 1．基本概况：人口约2000万，面积16000多平方千米，位于华北平原北部； 2．气候：四季分明，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥； 3．历史与文化：有3000多年的历史，是我国的政治、文化中心，有很多著名大学，如清华大学、北京大学等； 4．交通与旅游：交通便利，有天安门广场、故宫、长城等很多旅游景点。 注意：词数100左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：北京大学Peking University，清华大学Tsinghua University，故宫The Forbidden City，天安门广场 Tian’anmen Square ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Beijing, the capital of China, has a population of about 20 million and covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers. Located in the north of the North China Plain, Beijing has four distinct seasons. It is hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter. Beijing has a history of more than 3,000 years. As the political and cultural center of China, Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games and drew the attention of the world. There are many universities in Beijing, of which Peking University and Tsinghua University are the two most famous. Beijing is also a great place to enjoy your holiday and it’s convenient to travel there. There are many places of interest, such as Tian’anmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and the Bird’s Nest. Now, Beijing is playing a more and more important role in the world. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的稿件。要求考生给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文，介绍我们的首都——北京。 【详解】1.词汇积累 位于：located in→situated in 许多：many→a large number of 著名的：famous→renowned 重要的：important→significant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：There are many places of interest, such as Tian’anmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and the Bird’s Nest.  拓展句：There are many places of interest, which include Tian’anmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and the Bird’s Nest.  【点睛】【高分句型1】Located in the north of the North China Plain, Beijing has four distinct seasons.（运用了过去分词作状语） 【高分句型2】There are many universities in Beijing, of which Peking University and Tsinghua University are the two most famous.（运用了“介词of+which”引导的非限制性定语从句） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see!” “No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.” “You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go,” said Robert, and he ran. Henry went straight home and in the afternoon went to school as usual. But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn’t want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored (忽视) the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Everyday after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun. A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him. 注意： 1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1： Robert was fast sinking ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Thus, Robert’s life was saved. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Robert was fast sinking. It seemed as if Robert would be drowned only with his hands sticking out of the water. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran quickly to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking at the last moment. By great effort, and with too much danger to himself, he brought Robert back to the shore. Thus, Robert’s life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward. They realized that Robert had true courage. And it was Henry who was the true friend worth making. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。罗伯特和亨利原本是好朋友，但是因为亨利不同意和罗伯特一起去看别人打架，罗伯特认为亨利是一个懦夫，就疏远了他，并告诉别的朋友亨利是个懦夫。几天后罗伯特和新朋友们一起在河里洗澡时意外溺水，新朋友们没有人救他，这时恰好亨利经过，亨利毫不犹豫地把罗伯特救了上来，罗伯特才明白真正的勇气是永远不要害怕做好事，但永远害怕做坏事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“罗伯特正在迅速下沉。”可知，第一段可描写亨利恰好经过奋不顾身地救了罗伯特。 ②由第二段首句内容“因此，罗伯特得救了。”可知，第二段可描写罗伯特认识到了什么是真正的勇气并向亨利道歉。 2.续写线索：危急——经过——施救——羞愧——道歉——重归于好——感悟 3词汇激活 ①.路过：pass by/go by ②.意识到：realize/be aware ③.原谅：forgive/excuse 情绪类 ①.惭愧的：ashamed/compunctious ②.乐意地：happily/gladly 【点睛】[高分句型1] It seemed as if Robert would be drowned only with his hands sticking out of the water. (运用了with的复合结构) [高分句型2] And it was Henry who was the true friend worth making. (运用了强调句句式) 1-5．ABBCC 6-10．BCACA 11-15．AACCB 16-20．CCBBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$