课文助读(8) Unit4 Developing ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义晨背晚默（外研版2019）

课文助读(八) Developing ideas 教材原文助读 ◎ ①toddler n．学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩 ②sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸 ③via prep.通过，凭借 ④be beneficial to 有益于 [同义表达]be of benefit to；be helpful to；be useful for ⑤set up 设立，建起，设置 set­up n．装配，装置 ⑥bonding n．人与人之间的关系 mother­child bonding 母子亲情 ⑦take on 呈现，具有 ⑧frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧 frustrate vt.使懊恼，使沮丧；阻止，防止，挫败 ⑨expand vi.&vt.扩大，增强；扩展，发展 ⑩sharing economy 共享经济 ⑪take off (事业等)步入正轨，腾飞；起飞，出发 ⑫wealth n．大量，丰富，众多 a wealth of information 大量的信息 ⑬a response to 对……的反应/响应 ⑭deliver vt.&vi.实现 ⑮at the click of a button 按下按钮 ⑯hire v．(短期的)租用，租借 ⑰designer clothes 名牌服装 ⑱rock­bottom prices 最低价格 ⑲rent out 出租(房屋、房间、土地等) ⑳a win­win situation 双赢的局面 ㉑thereby adv.因此，由此 ㉒cut down (on) 削减，缩小(尺寸、数量或数目) ㉓existing regulations 现行法规 ㉔take advantage of 利用…… ㉕share of the market市场份额 share n．(在若干人之间分得的)一份 ㉖at the expense of 以损害……为代价 ㉗be subject to sth. 易受某事(尤指坏事)影响 ㉘property n．房屋及院落，庄园，房地产 ㉙whilst conj.当……时；虽然，尽管(相当于while) ㉚victim n．受害者；受骗者 ㉛theft n．偷盗，偷窃 thief n．小偷，贼 ㉜secure adj.安全的，稳妥的 ㉝individual preferences 个人喜好 ㉞rate n．速度；比率 ㉟comprise vt.包括，包含；组成，构成 ㊱take sb./sth.to 使某人/某物达到，把某人/某物带到另一个层次、层面 ◎ What's mine is yours. We've been told since we were toddlers① that “It's good to share”．Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys，snacks，books，happy memories，and sometimes even sorrows② with others.When we grow up，we share photos，life stories and opinions with people around us and with those [1]we don't know via③ social media.[2]Taking it as an object of study，psychologists have published various papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to④ setting up⑤ positive emotional bonding⑥. [1]省略了引导词who的定语从句，修饰先行词those。 [2]Taking it...study为动词­ing形式短语作状语；stating that...bonding为动词­ing形式作定语，修饰papers，其中that引导宾语从句。 Today，the action of sharing takes on⑦ extra meaning.It's not just about sharing sweets or frustration⑧；it has expanded⑨ to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world seems to be into sharing.[3]We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services，or to make money out of those that we don't use ourselves all of the time.These vary from car shares to home shares，and even to pet shares.The sharing economy⑩ is taking off⑪ in all sorts of areas.It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people [4]when and where they want them． [3]本句是主从复合句。句中第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the money；第二个that也引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。 [4]when和where同时引导状语从句。 This wealth⑫ of ways of sharing is a response to⑬ our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices，all delivered⑭ at the click of a button⑮.[5]Whether it's an online shop where we can hire⑯ designer clothes⑰ at rock­bottom prices⑱，or a platform from which we can rent out⑲ our flats for a couple of days, it's out there.Whether we're a lender or a borrower，it's a win­win situation⑳；everyone makes or saves money.We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends.What's more，sharing encourages us to reuse items，thereby㉑ cutting down on㉒ waste.And set­ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favour for the environment by reducing the number of [6]polluting vehicles on the road. [5]本句为Whether...or...引导的让步状语从句。状语从句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词an online shop，关系词在从句中作地点状语；from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a platform。 [6]动词­ing形式作定语，修饰vehicles，动词pollute与vehicles之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 But the sharing economy is not without its problems.[7]As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations㉓ or ongoing supervision.Some companies are taking unfair advantage of㉔ this situation to expand their share of the market㉕，often at the expense of㉖ more traditional and established companies.In addition，the sharing economy is subject to㉗ abuse of trust.Some people have experienced damage to their properties㉘ whilst㉙ renting out their homes，and others have found themselves victims㉚ of theft㉛ or attack while sharing rides.Finally，personal data，the heart of the sharing economy，is not yet secure㉜.Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives，including our names，locations，bank information，and individual preferences㉝ for goods and services.Yet，the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement，and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users. [7]As在此引导非限制性定语从句，意为“情况常常如此”。 [8]Nonetheless，what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy.[9]It is expanding at such a rate㉞ that we can only imagine what it will comprise㉟ in the future．What will we be sharing next？Who will be sharing and how？And the most interesting question of all—what type of society will all this sharing take us to㊱? [8]本句中Nonetheless意为however/despite this fact，起到让步、转折的功能。what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。 [9]本句是主从复合句。句中含有such...that...结构，that引导结果状语从句；其中的what引导宾语从句。 ◎ 我的就是你的 我们自蹒跚学步时就被叮嘱“要懂得分享”。父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆，有些时候甚至要分享自己的伤心事。我们长大后，会与周围的人或是通过社交媒体与不认识的人分享照片、人生经历和观点。心理学家们将其作为研究的对象，发表了各种各样的论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带。 如今，分享行为呈现出额外的含义。不仅是分享糖果或挫折，它已经扩展到几乎生活的方方面面——全世界似乎都在分享。我们正在利用科技来减少在商品和服务上的花费，或者用我们一直闲置的物品赚钱。从汽车共享到住房共享，甚至是宠物共享，共享经济正在各个领域发展起来，它创造着新的思维方式，随时随地为有需求的人们提供服务。 我们需要价格有竞争力的优质产品和服务，大量的共享方式是对这种不断增长的需求的回应，现在这些需求都可以通过按一下按钮来实现。无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。无论我们是出租者还是租用者，这都是一个双赢的局面；人人都能挣钱，或都能省钱。我们也可以建立联系，有时候甚至可以交到新朋友。不仅如此，共享鼓励我们将物品再次利用，从而减少浪费。共享单车、共享汽车等计划的实施通过减少路上带来污染的车辆的数量进一步保护环境。 但共享经济并非没有问题。正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，现行法规和监管滞后于共享经济的发展。一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势，来扩大他们的市场份额，通常以牺牲已有的更为传统的公司为代价。此外，共享经济容易受到信任滥用的影响。有些人出租房屋时财物遭到破坏，还有人搭顺风车时遭遇小偷，甚至人身攻击。最后一点，个人数据，即共享经济的核心，也并不安全。共享平台收集的个人信息几乎涵盖我们生活的方方面面，包括我们的姓名、位置、银行信息及对商品和服务的个人偏好。然而，防止信息泄露或被盗的技术仍然有待改进，服务方和用户对潜在风险的防范意识也较低。 尽管如此，共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系。它飞速扩张，我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。我们下一个共享的对象将会是什么？将由谁来共享以及如何共享？最有趣的问题是——这些共享将会带我们进入什么样的社会？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$