课文助读(2) Unit1 Developing ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义晨背晚默（外研版2019）

课文助读(二) Developing ideas 教材原文助读 ◎ ①diverge v．(两条路)岔开，分开 ②undergrowth n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛 ③fair adj.合理的；适当的；美丽的 ④grassy adj.长满草的，被草覆盖的 ⑤wear n．磨损 ⑥as for 至于，关于 ⑦tread vi.踩，踏 vt.& vi.行走(trod，trodden) ⑧lead on to 促使，促成 ⑨sigh n．& vi.叹息，叹气 ⑩ages and ages hence 很久很久以后 hence adv.因此，由此 ...days，weeks，etc.hence(从现在开始)……天、星期等之后 ⑪make all the difference 迥然不同 ⑫line n．诗行，歌词 ⑬be set to music 被谱曲 set vt.为……谱曲；给……配乐 ⑭television commercials 电视广告 commercial n．(电台或电视的)商业广告 ⑮of all time 有史以来 ⑯insight n.洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟(常跟介词into) ⑰human nature 人性 ⑱cannot help but do sth.＝can't help doing sth. 忍不住(或无法抑制)做某事,不可能避免做某事 ⑲progress vi.进展，进步 ⑳on a daily basis 每天 ㉑arise from 由……引起，因……产生 ㉒have...in common有相同的特征(或特点等) have much/a lot/a great deal in common(with...)(与……)有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common(with...)(与……)没有/没多少共同之处 ㉓in most circumstances在大多数情况下 ㉔understandable adj.可以理解的 ㉕turn down 拒绝 ㉖a mixture of choice and chance 选择和机会的结合 ㉗look back on 回首(往事)，回忆，回顾 ㉘make the most of＝make full use of 充分利用 ㉙with regret 遗憾地 ㉚optimism n．乐观，乐观主义 optimistic adj.乐观的 ◎ The Road Not Taken Two roads diverged① in a yellow wood， And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler，long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To [1]where it bent in the undergrowth②； Then took the other，as just as fair③， And having perhaps the better claim， Because it was grassy④ and wanted wear⑤； Though as for⑥ that，the passing there Had worn them really about the same， And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden⑦ black. Oh，I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to⑧ way， I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh⑨ Somewhere ages and ages hence⑩： Two roads diverged in a wood，and I— I took the one [2]less traveled by， And that has made all the difference⑪. [1]where引导的宾语从句。 [2]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the one。 Lines⑫ from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted in speeches of all kinds.The poem has been set to music⑬ by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials⑭.It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time⑮，not only because of its natural style，but also because of its thoughtful insights⑯ into human nature⑰. [3]When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see⑱ in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress⑲ and change.The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，/And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make.Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis⑳.These range from the basic “What should I wear today？”to the key issues of [4]what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation．[5]Of course，the greatest dilemmas arise from㉑ moral problems，when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing. [3]状语从句的省略。其完整形式为：When one is reading The Road Not Taken。 [4]由or连接的两个并列的“what＋动词不定式”结构作宾语。 [5]本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，其中包含一个which引导的宾语从句。 [6]Whether big or small，what all our choices have in common㉒ is that they lead to specific consequences.Once we make a decision，in most circumstances㉓, there is no going back.[7]Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day，he knows it's unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so.[8]Like the writer，all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been． [6]句中“Whether big or small”作状语，相当于Whether our choices are big or small；what引导主语从句，在从句中what作have的宾语；that引导表语从句。 [7]本句是主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句；主句中包含it's unlikely that...句型，表示“……不大可能”，it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。 [8]本句主干是主系表结构，表语是由and连接的两个省略to的动词不定式短语。主语all后跟的定语从句中含有动词do，故表语中的不定式符号to可省略。宾语从句“what could have been”作imagine的宾语。 This sigh，this wondering [9]whether we made the right choice, is understandable㉔. [10]Although we may be free to choose which path to take，this choice isn't easy when those two paths look similar.[11]Presented with two job offers，for instance，we may wonder exactly what it is we're choosing between.What if，in choosing one，we are unknowingly turning down㉕ other future opportunities？Will we ever even find out whether we made the right choice? [9]whether引导的宾语从句。 [10]本句是主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句，其中which path to take作choose的宾语，主句中when引导时间状语从句。 [11]本句中过去分词短语“Presented with two job offers”作状语，what引导宾语从句。 Ultimately，the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance㉖. And when we are approaching the end of that road，how will we remember the journey？How will we look back on㉗ our lives？In the poem，the writer doubts his choice，[12]thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”，he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road．[13]Some of us do take a more unusual path through life，and while it may be a harder one to follow，it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.Nonetheless, part of the art of decision­making is learning to make the most of㉘ our decisions.Instead of looking back with regret㉙，we should be facing our future with energy and optimism㉚，for the choices are ours，and ours only. [12]动词­ing形式“thinking...road”作伴随状语，其中第一个that引导的宾语从句作thinking的宾语，第二个that引导的宾语从句作claim的宾语。 [13]本句是and连接的并列句。第二个分句中包含一个while引导的让步状语从句。 ◎ 未选择的路 黄色的树林里分出两条路， 可惜我无法兼顾， 身在旅途，我久久伫立， 极目望向一条路的尽头， 它蜿蜒拐进远方的灌木丛； 但我却选了另外一条路，公正公平， 或许有更佳的理由， 它荒草萋萋，诱人涉足； 即便如此，旅人的足迹 让两条路看起来相差无几， 那天清晨落叶满地， 两条路都未经脚印污染。 啊，我留下第一条路改日再探！ 明知道路径延绵， 我不确定是否还能回到这里。 也许多年之后在某个地方， 我会回顾往事轻声叹息： 树林中有两条路， 我选择了人迹较少的那一条， 从此，它为我带来了全新的人生轨迹。 《未选择的路》这首诗中的诗句常常在各种演讲中被引用。许多艺术家为这首诗谱了曲，它还被运用于大量的电视广告之中。事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅是因为其自然的风格，还因为其对人性的深刻洞察。 阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林。林间小路往往象征我们人生中的进步和变化的轨迹。“黄色的树林里分出两条路，可惜我无法兼顾”这两句话生动地展现了我们面临的选择以及需要做出的决定。生活每天都会向我们抛出许多选择，不仅包括“我今天应该穿什么”这样的小问题，也包括大学应该学什么专业或者毕业后应该做什么工作这样的重大问题。当然，最大的困境往往源于道德问题，因为我们不确定哪个选择才是正确的。 无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来特定结果。在大多数情况下，一旦我们做了选择，就没有退路。虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天再探索另一条路，但是他也知道获得这种机会的可能性微乎其微。就像作者一样，我们能做的只有在回首往事时“轻声叹息”，幻想事情本可以成为什么样子。 这一声叹息，以及我们对是否做出了正确选择的顾虑都是可以理解的。虽然我们可以自由地选择走哪一条路，但是当两条路看起来大同小异时，其实很难做选择。比如当我们同时面对两个工作机会时，我们可能会思索到底我们是在什么当中选择。如果我们选择了一份工作而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办？而我们又甚至能否弄清楚自己是否做出了正确的选择呢？ 最后，前方的路，也就是我们的人生之路，其实是由选择和机会交织而成的。当我们快走到尽头时，我们会如何铭记这段旅途？我们会如何回顾自己的一生？在这首诗中，作者质疑了自己的选择，认为在“多年之后”的未来，他可能会承认自己选择了一条“人迹较少”的路。生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路，虽然路途更加艰难，但也会带来新的奇遇和经历。尽管如此，就做决定这门艺术而言，一部分就在于学会充分利用我们的决定。我们应该积极乐观地面对未来，而非带着遗憾回顾过去，因为选择在于我们自己，而且它们只属于我们自己。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$