Unit4 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Ⅰ.读文章细节 1．What is the author's attitude towards the sharing economy? A．Critical. B．Optimistic. C．Pessimistic. D．Objective. 2．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic. B．To inform us of the concept of the sharing economy. C．To call on us to share things with others. D．To arouse the reader's interest in the sharing economy. 3．Which one is the disadvantage of the sharing economy? A．It can reduce waste. B．It can reduce our demand for goods of high quality. C．It can lead to information being revealed. D．It can benefit our environment. 4．What can be talked about in the next paragraph? A．What we will share in the future. B．How to share with others in the future. C．The categories of sharing. D．The type of society that sharing will take us to. 答案：1～4　DACD Ⅱ.学表达技巧 俗语妙用 [教材1]　We've been told since we were toddlers that “It's good to share”． [分析]　句中使用了俗语“It's good to share”，准确地概括了文章题目“What's mine is yours.”。 [仿写]　尝试用share补全句子 这场研讨会是互通信息、交流思想的好场所。 The conference is a good place to share information and exchange ideas． 过渡衔接 [教材2]　But the sharing economy is not without its problems. [分析]　第四段第一句使用but，与前文形成转折，为下文叙述共享经济的缺点做铺垫。第四段使用一系列的连接词汇，如：not only...but also..., in addition, finally, yet, and等列举共享经济的缺点，使文章前后衔接自然。 [仿写]　尝试用过渡衔接词汇补全句子 此外，我的英语很好，尤其是口语。最后，作为一名性格外向的学生，我不仅能与受访者相处得很好，而且我有责任感和合作意识。 In addition, I have a good command of English, especially spoken English.Finally, as an outgoing student, not only can I get along well with interviewees but also I have a sense of duty and cooperation. 高级词汇 [教材3]　Nonetheless，what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. [分析]　句中的increasingly表明共享经济的发展趋势，副词作状语，用来修饰形容词relevant，表示程度。 [仿写]　尝试用increasingly补全句子 越来越明显的是，这个问题不会被轻易解决。 It is becoming increasingly clear that this problem will not be easily solved. 正反论证型议论文 　　本篇文章为议论文，我们要关注议论文的论证方法，即从正反两方面对一个现象进行探讨和论证，我们还应注意：议论文的结论除了支持一方立场外，还可以保持中立态度。 课文标题“What's mine is yours.”直接点明了文章的主题——“共享”。文章从简单描述一个人的成长经历入手，引出本文议论的主题。第一段点出本文叙述的主题：共享。第二至四段分别用时间状语today，转折连词but具体描述了共享在现代社会生活中的优缺点。第五段首先肯定共享经济的价值，然后通过一系列疑问句的使用，点出人们对共享经济未来的期待等。 高频词汇练全 sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸；悲痛，悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的，悲痛的 joys and sorrows 悲欢；苦与乐 in deep sorrow 深深地感到悲哀 to one's sorrow 令某人伤心的是 share sorrow and happiness 同甘共苦 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①His father's face looked suddenly soft and sorrowful (sorrow). ②这个故事告诉我们，真正的朋友会同甘共苦。(主旨升华) The story tells us that real friends go together through joys and sorrows． ③让我伤心的是，杰森非但没有试图帮助我，反而伸手去拿他的手机。 To my sorrow，instead of trying to help，Jason reached for his phone. hire v．& n．(短期的)租用，租借 hire out 出租 hire oneself out to sb. 受雇于某人 for/on hire 可供出租 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The bookshop usually hires its books out to those who like to read them. ②He hired himself out to whoever needed his services. ③他们没有设备可以出租，是吗？ They don't have equipment for/on hire，do they? rent out 出租(房屋、房间、土地等) rent at sth. 以(某价钱)租出 pay/cover the rent 付租金 afford the rent 负担得起租金 for rent 供租用 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Buying flats to rent out is another trend among the Chinese. ②We need $1,000 a month to cover (cover) the rent. ③一份社会调查表明，大多数人付不起市中心公寓的昂贵租金。 A social survey shows that most people can't afford the high rent for a downtown apartment. at the expense of 以损害……为代价 at one's expense 由某人付钱 spare no expense (in doing sth.) 不惜一切代价(做某事) at great/vast expense 以巨大的代价 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Some college students were accused of sparing no expense in enjoying (enjoy) luxury. ②如果您并不十分满意的话可以退货，费用由我们承担，我们会退还您的钱。 If you are not totally satisfied，return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you. ③现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境作为代价来发展经济这一事实。(环境保护) Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at the expense of the environment． 中频词汇练会 Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境选出abuse的含义 A．n.滥用 B．vt.辱骂 C．n.虐待 ①The athlete was being verbally abused by a drunk fan in the crowd. B ②He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power. A ③Abuse can lead to both psychological and emotional problems. C Ⅱ.熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①We anticipate a fall in share prices next year.n.股份 ②Every job has its difficulties and frustrations.n.令人懊恼之处 重点句式练透 句型公式：whether...or...引导的让步状语从句 教材原文：Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock­bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there. 无论是以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。 (1)whether...or... 作“无论……还是……”讲时，引导让步状语从句；作“是……还 是……”讲，引导名词性从句。 (2)whether...or... 后面可以接动词不定式、形容词或其他短语。 (3)whether (...) or not 是否；不管是否 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Whether happy or sad, she always tries to keep smiling. ②Whether he will go or stay remains (remain) a puzzle. ③We're debating whether or not to go (go) skiing this winter. ④不管他成败如何，我们都应尽自己的力量去帮助他。 Whether he succeeds or fails，we shall do our part to help him. (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每题1.5分，共12分) 1．The thief pretended as if he had known nothing about the theft (偷窃). 2．I hope that time will take away the sorrow (悲痛) of your recent loss. 3．Our bodies can sweat, thereby (因此) losing heat by evaporation. 4．He borrowed a large amount of money and used it for legal expenses (费用). 5．Those who are self­motivated and creative thrive under my supervision (管理). 6．—What are you worried about? —The fact that many children are still being abused (虐待). 7．You will find taxis waiting at the bus station which you can hire (租用) to reach your host family. 8．The lady with a purse (钱包) in her hand came to the bank counter. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1.5分，共12分) 1．She couldn't stand the frustration (frustrate) of not being able to help. 2．It was absurd that he secured fame and wealth at the expense of his health. 3．Roy told his sorrowful (sorrow) tale with simple words anybody could understand. 4．You can take advantage of the new features to create cleaner and more efficient layout. 5．Great changes have taken place in my lovely hometown，making it take on a new look. 6．He is superior to me，though he is younger. 7．More people will be doing the work with proper supervision (supervise) and thus, more safely. 8．Anybody can rent out a storefront and start their own business，and many people have done so. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——共享自行车)(每题3分，共15分) 1．共享自行车是一种非常方便的工具，越来越多的人在外出时选择它。 Shared bikes are such a convenient tool that more and more people choose them when going out.(such...that...) 2．通常情况下，人们可以通过手机应用程序以较低的费用租用一辆共享自行车。 As is often the case, people can hire a shared bike through a phone app at a low expense.(as) 3．它操作简单，几乎所有人都可以使用，无论是年轻人还是老年人。 It is easy to operate and accessible to almost all people whether the young or the old．(whether...or...) 4．骑完自行车后， 最让我们惊讶的是人们可以使用应用程序让它自动上锁。 After riding the bike, what amazes us most is that people can use the app to make it lock automatically.(what引导的主语从句) 5．作为交通工具，它已成为一种新趋势，这使得城市呈现出新面貌。 It has become a new trend as a means of transportation, which makes the city take on a new look．(take on) Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) Today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning.It's not just about sharing sweets or 1.frustration (frustrate)：it has expanded to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world seems to be into 2.sharing (share). The sharing economy is taking off in all sorts of areas, It is creating new 3.ways (way) of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them. This wealth of ways of sharing 4.is (be) a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all 5.delivered (deliver) at the click of a button. But the sharing economy is not without its problems.6.As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing 7.faster (fast) than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.Some companies are taking unfair advantage 8.of this situation to expand their share of the market.In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust.Finally, personal data, the heart of the sharing economy, is not yet secure. Nonetheless, what is in no doubt is 9.that the sharing economy is 10.increasingly (increasing) relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy.The most interesting question of all is what type of society all this sharing will take us to. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4.5分，共36分) A Moving can be daunting—whether it's to a new city or an entirely new country.The good news？Volunteering can be a great way to settle into a new community, meet people, and learn valuable skills. Kajal Patil moved to the United States from India in February 2017.Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country, Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on VoltunteerMatch. Kajal was drawn to a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center to review applications on behalf of the Young Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI).YLAI aims to empower Latin American and Caribbean business and social entrepreneurs to transform their societies and contribute more fully to economic development, security, human rights, and good governance. Kajal had previous experience working with the markets candidates were applying from, and the position also allowed her to work remotely.Her role involved reviewing 44 in­depth applications from potential candidates across Latin America and the Caribbean for a four­week fellowship in the U．S.She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates, assessing the social impact of their businesses, and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans. Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super­charged her existing skills while helping her build new ones such as time management, business analysis, decision­making, planning, and presenting.She is now looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on her experience with Meridian International Center.“A new country brings in a lot of new experiences and volunteering helped me to settle into a new environment，” adds Kajal.“By helping others, I felt needed in society.It indeed boosted my self­worth.” [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Kajal Patil的志愿服务经历。 1．What is a benefit of volunteering according to the first paragraph? A．It offers opportunities to network with influential individuals. B．It helps people better adapt to new environments. C．It breathes new life into people's creativity. D．It promotes a sense of responsibility. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Volunteering can be a great way to settle into a new community”可知，志愿服务可以帮助人们更好地适应新的环境。] 2．What is the primary objective of YLAI? A．To boost tourism in Latin American and Caribbean countries. B．To provide financial support to Latin American and Caribbean students. C．To develop political relations between Latin American and Caribbean nations. D．To assist Latin American and Caribbean entrepreneurs in promoting societal development. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“YLAI aims to empower...good governance”可知，YLAI的主要目的是使拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的企业和企业家有能力推动社会各方面的发展。] 3．What was Kajal's responsibility when working with Meridian International Center? A．Organizing fundraising activities. B．Teaching yoga to fellowship candidates. C．Planning social events for local entrepreneurs. D．Reviewing and assessing fellowship applications. D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Her role involved reviewing...determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans”可知，Kajal在此志愿服务中的职责是审查和评估44位潜在候选人的项目申请。] 4．What do Kajal's words in the last paragraph mainly show? A．The challenges of volunteering. B．The self­improvement through volunteering. C．The process of finding a volunteer opportunity in the U.S. D．The importance of using professional skills in volunteering. B　[推理判断题。最后一段阐述了Kajal在志愿活动中取得的各项收获，即通过志愿服务获得的自我生长。] B There are some basic ways that we encounter potential new friends, the first of which is closeness.When we cross paths regularly, live in the same neighborhood, or share a workstation in the office with someone, it makes sense that acquaintanceship may deepen into friendship as a result of the consistent exposure that occurs through the use of shared space.While there is an old saying, familiarity generates disrespect, the opposite is also true—we tend to like someone more as we spend increasing amounts of time with them. Shared life stage is the second way that we frequently find new friends.We take satisfaction and pleasure when spending time with people who are experiencing the same challenges or rewards that we are experiencing.When we move from high school to college or college to our first job, we tend to seek out the company of others who are experiencing the same transformation we are. Shared interests are also a reliable path to friendship making.When we get into a new fitness program or start making our own beer, we are going to be bumping into new people who share these interests whether it's through chatting in the juice bar or trying to decide what to buy at the craft beer making supply shop. We know that there are three paths that lead to new friendship pools where we are likely to build our social networks, but do we ever know right from the start that we've met a friend? Science suggests it is absolutely possible.While we may all have felt the same excitement of instant connection with someone, the “someone” who generates that feeling of warmth in us is going to tell us a lot about who we are as individuals and what we think we need in a friend or partner. While we may run across potential friends through some ways, there remains a bit of mystery as to why we “click” with some potential friends and not with others. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章介绍了建立友谊的三种方法，包括共处空间的亲密，共度人生阶段以及共同的兴趣爱好。 5．What's the common understanding of closeness? A．It leads to more shared space. B．It creates a mental distance. C．It helps establish relationships. D．It makes people more attractive. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“While there is an old saying, familiarity generates disrespect...”可知，人们对亲密度的普遍理解是它制造了一种心理距离。] 6．As a fresh staff in a company, you are more likely to be a friend of ． A．someone who lives in your community B．someone who has richer work experience C．someone who gets the job together with you D．someone who has a wider range of interests C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“When we move from...transformation we are.”可知，作为公司的新员工，你更有可能成为和你一起入职的人的朋友。] 7．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph? A．A friend is easier lost than found. B．True friendship is never peaceful. C．Friendship is a must in our life. D．Friends hold a mirror up to each other. D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“the ‘someone’ who generates...in a friend or partner”可知，朋友之间像是一面镜子。] 8．What can be concluded from the article? A．We are unclear why we have a preference for someone. B．It's easy for people to be friends right from the first meeting. C．Friendships can't develop between those with diverse tastes. D．People tend to possess the same interests after becoming friends. A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“there remains a bit of mystery...not with others.”可推知，我们不清楚自己为什么会偏爱某个人。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每题2分，共10分) Kids can start their own investments—of course, with the help and guidance of their parents. 1. More importantly, it helps children build a healthy financial foundation and form healthy money habits that will greatly benefit them in their adult life. For children to better grasp (掌握) the concept of investing, they'll need to understand the basics of money management first—spending, saving, and budgeting.2. However, you'll need a more practical approach to drive these lessons home.By letting your kids manage their own money, they will learn to appreciate the value of a dollar. Once your kids have a better understanding of budgeting and saving, it's time to introduce them to basic investing concepts.It's also important to point out the difference between saving and investing.3. On the other hand, investing is spending money to purchase assets (资产) in the hope of making more money. 4． That being said, the only way for kids to get a feel of how investing works is by allowing them to experience it first­hand.If you think it's too early to let your kids invest with real money, you can use virtual stock (股票) markets to give them a more hands­on experience. Finally, to encourage kids to save and invest, talk to them about what they'd like to save for or achieve with their investments in the future.It doesn't matter if it's a toy or a summer trip to Disneyland.5. This will train them to keep their eyes on the prize and eventually make investing a habit. A．Investing isn't just for adults. B．As they say, experience is the best teacher. C．What's important is that they have a goal to work toward. D．You don't need to tell the actual numbers to your children. E．Starting to invest can increase one's opportunities to grow money. F．Simply put, saving is setting money aside for emergencies or future use. G．These concepts are so simple that even young children know what they mean. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何教孩子投资。 1．E　[根据下文中的“More importantly, it helps children...”可知，设空处介绍了投资的好处，下文与之形成递进，E项符合语境，说明了投资可以增加个人赚钱的机会。] 2．G　[本段介绍了儿童应首先掌握投资的基本概念，G项中的These concepts指代上文中的spending, saving, and budgeting，同时G项与下文形成转折：年幼的孩子也知道这些概念的字面意思，但他们需要更实际的方法才能深刻领会其中的含义。G项中的concepts与上文中的concept构成原词复现。] 3．F　[根据上文中的“It's also important to point out the difference between saving and investing”和下文中的“On the other hand, investing is...”可知，设空处介绍了saving的定义，F项符合语境。] 4．B　[根据下文中的allowing them to experience it first­hand和give them a more hands­on experience可知，本段介绍了让孩子亲自体验投资的重要性，B项“经验是最好的老师”符合语境。B项中的experience和下文中的experience构成原词复现，且B项中的say也与下文中的said构成原词复现。] 5．C　[根据上文中的“talk to them about what they'd like to save for or achieve with their investments in the future”可知，本段介绍了引导孩子理解储蓄、投资的目的，C项符合语境。C项中的“What's important...”与上文中的“It doesn't matter if...”形成对比，且C项中的goal与上文中的“what...save for or achieve”相呼应。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$