Unit1 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Ⅰ.读文章细节 1．Why do you think the writer of the poem looks back on his decision “with a sigh”？ A．We are sure to regret not taking the other path. B．The path we took is so tough. C．We took a “less travelled” road. D．We may wonder whether we have made the right decision. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Our choices have the same consequences. B．We can change our choice or decision as long as we want. C．We choose one option and at the same time reject another opportunity. D．When it's hard to make a choice，we can let others make the choice for us. 3．What does “it” mean in the sentence “...it can also lead to new adventures and experiences” in Paragraph 5? A．A more unusual path. B．A new understanding of the poem. C．Another understanding of life. D．A way of making decisions. 4．What does the author want to tell us? A．We shouldn't take the unusual path through life. B．We should face our future with optimism instead of regret. C．There are many choices that we need to make. D．The poem The Road Not Taken is very popular. 答案：1～4　DCAB Ⅱ.学表达技巧 象征手法 [教材1]　Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，/And sorry I could not travel both [分析]　该诗句中，两条各奔一方的路象征着我们在人生中所面临的选择。这首诗形象地描绘出人们面临选择时犹豫不决的心态。每一个读者都不难从这首诗歌中找到自己的影子，与诗人产生共鸣，这正是这首诗广为流传的原因之一。 象征手法能够将抽象的意象具体化从而婉转地表达出不易明说的情感，增强作品的艺术表现力和感染力。 [仿写]　尝试用象征手法补全句子 来参加舞会的女孩比男孩多得多，很显然有的女孩只能坐冷板凳了。 There were far more girls than boys at the dance so there were obviously several wallflowers． 拟人修辞 [教材2]　Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. [分析]　句中使用了动词throw来引出Life的动作，这种拟人的修辞手法使表达更生动形象，更有利于吸引读者的阅读兴趣。 [仿写]　尝试用拟人修辞翻译句子 花儿在微风中点头。 The flowers nodded in the breeze. 过渡衔接 [教材3]　Nonetheless, part of the art of decision­making is learning to make the most of our decisions.Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only. [分析]　句中使用了转折连词Nonetheless表示赞同前句观点，同时又提出新的见解。使用衔接词汇instead of表示前后动作形成强烈对比。 [仿写]　尝试用过渡词汇补全句子 仍然有很长的路要走。不过，还是取得了一些进步。我们不应该感到满足，应该继续努力工作直到成功。 There is still a long way to go.Nonetheless, some progress has been made.Instead of feeling satisfied，we should keep working hard until we succeed. 高频词汇练全 cannot help but do sth.不得不做某事，只好做某事；某人忍不住(或无法抑制)做某事 can't help/choose but do sth. 不得不做某事 do nothing but do sth./have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 can't help do sth. 不能帮助做某事 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I had no choice but to study (study) harder at school. ②Hearing this bad news, I couldn't help crying (cry). ③He is such a famous scientist that you can't help but respect (respect) him. ④我并不想吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来太好吃了，我忍不住想尝尝。 I didn't mean to eat anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it/couldn't help but try it． alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可选择的→alternatively adv.可供选择地 an alternative to... ……的替代物(to是介词) have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 【练透】　单句语法填空/同义词替换 ①We have no alternative but to face (face) failure bravely and learn from it. ②We've been looking for alternatives to the usual treatment, but it seems there are few options. ③Lacking money，I have no choice but to give up the plan. →Lacking money，I have no alternative but to give up the plan. arise vi.(由……)引起；出现，产生；起身；起床 arise from＝arise out of 由……引起/产生 if/when the need arises 如果/当有需要时 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness. ②With many problems arising (arise), he didn't know what to do. ③当矛盾或误解出现时，解决它的最好方法就是认真听一听对方的观点。 When a conflict or misunderstanding arises, the best way to solve it is to listen to each other's view carefully. 【点拨】　(1)arise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为argument，difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名词。 (2)arise形近词大荟萃： ①rise vi.(rose，risen) 升起；起身，起床；上升 ②raise vt.(raised，raised) 举起；提高，增加；饲养，养育 ③arouse vt.(aroused，aroused) 激起；唤醒 circumstance n．情况，情形 according to circumstances 视情况而定 in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不(置于句首时，句子需要部分倒装) 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Remember the goals are flexible.They can change according to circumstances (circumstance). ②I wanted to leave quickly but under/in the circumstances I decided to stay another night. ③另外，惩罚绝不是一种帮助他们在精神和身体方面健康成长的明智的选择。 Furthermore，under no circumstances is punishment a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.(倒装) 【点拨】　表示“决不”且与in/under no circumstances 用法类似的常用词组还有： ①in no case　　　 ②at no time　　　 ③by no means ④in no way ⑤on no account ⑥on no condition qualified adj.合格的，胜任的；有资格的→qualify vt.使合格，取得……资格→qualification n．资格，资历 (1)be qualified to do... 有资格做…… be qualified for... 胜任…… (2)qualify sb.for sth. 使某人胜任某事 qualify sb.to do sth. 使某人获得做某事的资格 (3)have the qualification for/to do 有……的资格 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Those who have passed the examination are qualified to compete (compete) for the post. ②Only a college diploma doesn't qualify you to take (take) up the job. ③A victory in this game will earn them qualification (qualify) for the World Cup. ④我参加过几次类似的活动，这会使我能胜任这份志愿者工作。(申请信) I have taken part in several similar activities, which will qualify me for the voluntary work． 中频词汇练会 Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境选出shift的含义 A．vt.转移　 B．vt.改变观点(或态度、做事方式等)　 C．vi.变动　 D．n.轮班 ①The new policy shifted the emphasis away from fighting inflation. B ②She shifted her weight from one foot to the other. A ③Public attitudes towards marriage have shifted over the past 50 years. C ④His father worked shifts in a steel mill. D Ⅱ.熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①We are surrounded by commercial culture which is always trying to get you to buy something at every minute.adj.商业的 ②In 2003, the ancient architecture complex was recognized as one of the nation's major historical and cultural sites.n.建筑群 重点句式练透 句型公式：There is no doing...(＝It is impossible to do...)不可能做…… 教材原文：Once we make a decision，in most circumstances, there is no going back. 在大多数情况下，一旦我们做了选择，就没有退路。 There is no point (in) doing... 做……是没有意义的 There is no sense (in) doing... 做……是不明智的 There is no need to do.../for... 做……是没必要的 There is no hope of doing... 做……是没希望的 There is no possibility that... ……是不可能的 【练透】　单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①There is no point in shouting or banging the table. ②In selecting fruits，there is no need to rely (rely) on unusual or exotic items. ③It is impossible to persuade him to go there for he is so stubborn. →There is no persuading him to go there for he is so stubborn. (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每题1分，共8分) 1．They had no alternative (可供选择的事物) but to put off the date of their wedding. 2．I'm afraid I can't go to the party because I have to be at work tonight as I'm working the night shift (当班时间). 3．My first impression of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful (认真思考的) correspondent. 4．For example, no matter what the circumstances (情况) are, when the phone rings, everything stops so that the call can be answered. 5．It's a useful introduction to an extremely complex (复杂的) subject. 6．These old houses will be cleared to make way for a commercial (商业的) building. 7．She describes her own moral dilemma (困境) in making the film. 8．In spite of numerous (许多的) failures, they still try to finish the task. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) 1．So while sitting (sit) in the classroom and doing my papers，I felt confident and was full of energy. 2．Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause. 3．Under/In the circumstances he was afraid to go through the undergrowth. 4．Xie Lei has come to our university to complete a business qualification (qualify). 5．The city is a mixture (mix) of old and new buildings. 6．The poet expressed in this poem his deep and enduring affection (affect) for his motherland. 7．Fluency (fluent) in reading means being able to read text accurately and quickly. 8．I sincerely (sincere) believe that this is the right decision. 9．It was an interesting book, full of fascinating insights into human relationships. 10．She was in a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——建议信)(每题4分，共20分) 1．事实上，每个人在生活中都要做许多选择。 As a matter of fact, everyone has to make numerous choices in life.(numerous) 2．大多数情况下，我们做出的这些选择将直接或间接影响我们的未来。 In most circumstances, these choices we make will directly or indirectly influence our future.(circumstance) 3．其实，一旦做出决定，就没有退路。 In fact，once a decision is made, there is no going back．(There is no doing...) 4．因此，我们不应该遗憾地回顾过去，而应该充满活力地乐观面对我们的未来。 So instead of looking back with regret，we should be facing our future with energy and optimism.(instead of) 5．下定决心做你选择的事，你会有意想不到的收获。 Make up your mind to do what you choose and you will harvest something unexpected.(what从句) Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a 1.peaceful (peace) wood deep within the countryside.Paths in the woods are often used 2.to symbolize (symbolize) how our lives progress and change. Life 3.throws (throw) many alternatives at us on a daily basis.Whether our choices are big 4.or small, they all cause specific consequences.Once we make a decision, in most 5.circumstances (circumstance), there is no going back.Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it's unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so.Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine 6.what could have been. The road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of 7.choice (choose) and chance.And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey? How will we look back on our lives? Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and although it may be harder to follow, it can also lead 8.to new adventures and experiences.Nonetheless, part of the art of decision­making is learning to make 9.the most of our decisions.Instead of 10.looking (look) back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism，for the choices are ours, and ours only. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4分，共32分) A (2024·浙江省五校联盟高二下期末联考)About eight years ago, Li Jinglong and Guan Dian visited the Palace Museum in Beijing.The cloisonne (景泰蓝瓷器) objects on display attracted them in particular.They spent hours looking at those beautiful objects.They just couldn't take their eyes off them. Born and raised in Beijing, 35­year­old Li is no stranger to cloisonne, since there were a pair of cloisonne vases in his grandparents' home.His wife, 34­year­old Guan, who learned to paint as a child and later became a designer after graduating from the Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, is also familiar with cloisonne, as it appears in her art books.As a result of their visit, the couple made the daring decision to open a workshop. “We learned cloisonne after seeing the pieces displayed in the Palace Museum.We wanted to turn our hobby into a career so that people could enjoy and learn to make the craft themselves，” said Li, who worked in a finance company before quitting his job to launch Handcraft Addicted, a DIY workshop where participants can make cloisonne.Since 2018, they have opened three workshops in Beijing.They are happy to give people a glimpse of the traditional techniques of cloisonne as part of a DIY experience. Instead of focusing on making traditional cloisonne objects, such as plates and vases, the workshop allows participants to create the designs they want on surface of glass, resin (树脂) or wood.Although the process has been simplified, it is still not easy for people trying cloisonne for the first time to succeed.Participants spend months making one piece, which they take home or give friends as presents.It's a luxury for people to spend time alone and fully focus on one thing nowadays because of the fast pace of life.Participants come to the workshop not only to create art, but also to take a break from their busy lives. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一对夫妇因为对景泰蓝瓷器的热爱，决定开设一个DIY工作坊，让更多的人了解并亲手制作景泰蓝瓷器的故事。 1．What can we learn about the couple? A．They both grew up in Beijing. B．They both majored in cloisonne art. C．They both quit their previous jobs. D．They are both familiar with cloisonne. D　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Born and raised in Beijing, 35­year­old Li is no stranger to cloisonne...His wife...later became a designer after graduating from the Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, is also familiar with cloisonne”可知，在北京出生和长大的35岁的李京龙对景泰蓝并不陌生。他的妻子关点从北京服装学院毕业后成为了设计师，她也熟悉景泰蓝，故选D。] 2．What inspired the couple to open Handcraft Addicted? A．Their grandparents' cloisonne vases. B．Their hobby in handcraft techniques. C．Cloisonne objects in Guan's art books. D．Cloisonne on exhibition in the Palace Museum. D　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We learned cloisonne after seeing the pieces displayed in the Palace Museum.We wanted to turn our hobby into a career so that people could enjoy and learn to make the craft themselves”可知，他们是在故宫博物院看到景泰蓝后，决定开设工作坊的，这样人们就可以享受并学习自己制作这种工艺品。故选D。] 3．In Handcraft Addicted, ． A．the first attempt is often simple B．participants relax themselves while creating art C．the couple make cloisonne objects by themselves D．it is a luxury to make traditional cloisonne objects B　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Participants come to the workshop not only to create art, but also to take a break from their busy lives.”可知，参与者在创造艺术的同时也在放松自己。故选B。] 4．Which of the following can best describe the couple? A．Modest. B．Generous. C．Creative. D．Outgoing. C　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As a result of their visit, the couple made the daring decision to open a workshop.”和第三段“We wanted to turn our hobby into a career so that people could enjoy and learn to make the craft themselves.”可知，这对夫妇因为对景泰蓝的热爱，不仅自己学习制作，还开设工作坊，让更多的人了解并亲手制作景泰蓝，由此可知，他们是有创造力的。故选C。] B (2024·临沂高二下期末联考)We spend a third of our adult lives working and another big part preparing for our careers.Historically, work was rarely seen as a source of meaning and purpose.During the vast majority of our 300，000­year human evolution (进化), work was in fact pretty simple.We worked to eat and avoid being eaten.Meaning and purpose came from somewhere else, like spirituality, art, religion, or science. The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningful—is a rather modern, if not postmodern，invention.Only one hundred years ago it would have been frequent to see a worker who returned from a typical workday at a factory complain to their folks that they didn't earn much or they were worn out and rare to see that they complain they didn't experience a sense of purpose. Similarly, the idea that we ought to bring our “whole self” to work is a pretty novel and recent form of career advice.Its origins can be traced to William Kahn who invented the concept of employee engagement 30 years ago.His point was that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work role.Some see work as merely a job and clock in and out every day, without bringing their whole self to work.Work is just not a core aspect of their identity, and their concept of themselves is built on other social categories like mother，husband, captain of the local soccer team, etc. Others, however, have very low psychological distance with their work role, seeing it as essentially intertwined (交融的) with who they are.They don't just come to work; they are fully devoted to their careers and have a spiritual type of connection with their jobs.They are, it seems, almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics (工作狂) most companies long for. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章介绍了人们对于工作的不同看法。 5．Why did we spend much of our adult lives working? A．To prepare for future careers. B．To find the water sources. C．To help us evolve. D．To make us survive. D　[细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“We worked to eat and avoid being eaten.”并结合文章第一句可知，我们工作是为了生存。故选D。] 6．Why did the writer mention the worker a century ago? A．To help us find meaning at work. B．To prove that the idea was modern. C．To show us the bad old days. D．To complain about the experience. B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The idea that we are meant to...if not postmodern，invention.”并结合第二段第二句可知，作者提到一个世纪以前的工人是为了证明“人们将自我带进工作中”这个想法是现代的。故选B。] 7．Which of the following might William Kahn agree with? A．Employees have different understandings about their work role. B．Every employee must bring their whole self to work. C．To be devoted to work is a pretty novel idea. D．Workers' core identity is built on art categories. A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“His point was that...with their work role.”并结合第三段最后两句可知，William Kahn认为员工对自己的工作角色有不同的理解。故选A。] 8．What kind of employees do most companies favor? A．Those who see work as a job. B．Those who identify with their work role. C．Those who are fully devoted to their work. D．Those who possess experience. C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“They don't just come to...the type of workaholics (工作狂) most companies long for.”可知，大多数公司更喜欢全身心投入工作的员工。故选C。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每题2分，共10分) (2024·安徽师大附中高二下期末)Life is filled with numerous victories and downfalls.1. Here's how you can create a new chapter in your life. Draw a Line Mentally Life is going to throw a lot of problems in your way, so you need to be mentally prepared for each and every situation.2. In order to be better than before, you need to leave that guilt and shame in the past and emerge as someone new.The secret here is to never stop trying.Once you stop trying, you are already defeated. Learn from Others It is an effective approach to find people that have gone through the same trials as you have. 3. They can assist you better since they know the hardships.Always seek out people who are truly free of their issues, as they will be able to help you genuinely. Do What Actually Works 4． Don't follow the path to anger and destroy what is good for you.Actively engaging in battles and struggles can be challenging, but being stuck in pain and self­resentment will be even harder. Picture your goals in your mind and take sensible steps towards them with each passing day. 5. Let nothing stand in your way. A．What truly matters is how you react to them. B．You can learn from their experiences and successes. C．Live in reality and make wise choices for yourself. D．Find those who have successfully overcome similar challenges. E．In such situations, drawing a mental line can be helpful. F．Nothing should prevent you from achieving your dreams and goals. G．It is essential to stay positive and focused on what brings you joy. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。跌宕起伏是人生常态，关键看你如何应对。从他人经验中学习，找到克服过类似挑战的人，保持积极的态度，做出明智的选择，每天朝着目标迈出合理步伐，不被任何事物阻挡。 1．A　[上文提到“Life is filled with numerous victories and downfalls.”可知，生活充满了胜利和失败。接下来的内容应该强调重要的是你如何应对这些情况。选项A“真正重要的是你如何应对它们”符合逻辑。故选A。] 2．E　[本段标题为“Draw a Line Mentally”，强调在面对生活中的问题时，要在心理上有所准备。选项E中的“drawing a mental line”与标题相呼应，且内容“在这种情况下，画一条心理防线是有帮助的”也符合前文描述的场景。故选E。] 3．B　[从上文 “It is an effective approach to find people that have gone through the same trials as you have.”可知，从他人身上学习是一个有效的方法，因为其他人已经经历过类似的考验，了解其中的困难。选项B“你可以从他们的经验和成功中学习”直接体现了这一思想。故选B。] 4．C　[本段标题为“Do What Actually Works”，强调要活在现实中，做出明智的选择。选项C中的“Live in reality and make wise choices for yourself”直接对应了标题和后文段落内容。故选C。] 5．F　[上文 “Picture your goals in your mind and take sensible steps towards them with each passing day.”强调要在心中描绘目标，并朝着它们迈出明智的步伐，不被任何事物阻挡。选项F“没有什么能阻止你实现你的梦想和目标”与这一意思相符，强调了实现目标的决心和信心。故选F。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$