精品解析：安徽省部分地市2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题

2024级高一学年下学期开学考试 英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：外研版必修Book 1 Unit 5～Book 2 Unit 3. 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.15. C．£9.18. 答案是B. 1．When can the man have some classes according to the woman? A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening. 2．How will the woman go to Brighton? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By train. 3．What will the man check next? A．His appointment. B．His arrangement. C．His report. 4．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．What the woman should wear for a party. B．When they will set off to attend a party. C．Whether the party is formal or not. 5．What does the woman mean? A．Jane has a beautiful voice. B．Jane tends to be nervous. C．Jane sings rather badly. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．When will the new assistant start working in the company? A．On June 30th. B．On July 7th. C．On July 21st. 7．What will the man do today? A．Meet the IT manager. B．Fill an order. C．Set up a computer. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Why is the woman talking to the man? A．To complain to him about the noise. B．To ask him to help her study. C．To invite him to her flat. 9．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Workmates. C．Neighbors. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What do we know about the man? A．He checked in on March 3rd. B．He shouldn’t get the discount. C．He has made a mistake about the bill. 11．How much should the woman give back to the man? A．$400. B．$500. C．$600. 12．What will the man do in about 10 minutes? A．Enter the airport. B．Check out of the hotel. C．Get on the hotel bus. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Which part of the man’s body aches now? A．His shoulder. B．His arm. C．His leg. 14．What do we know about the pain? A．It is a sharp one. B．It comes now and then. C．It has lasted about a month. 15．What was the man doing when the pain started? A．He was working out in the garden. B．He was getting back from work. C．He was cleaning the yard. 16．What can we learn about the woman at the end of the conversation? A．She explains to the man how to take the medicine. B．She hopes to know more about the man’s pain. C．She tells the man how she will treat his pain. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What will the listeners do this afternoon? A．Do some exercise. B．Watch a movie. C．Explore the city. 18．What is being built in the sports center according to the speech? A．A gym. B．A swimming pool. C．A volleyball field. 19．When will the listeners go to Oxford? A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday. 20．What does the speaker remind the listeners to do? A．Bring their necessary items. B．Rise early and have breakfast on time. C．Get to the appointed place ahead of time. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The driving routes on this list are open to the public and don’t require any special skills. Go out, explore and enjoy driving! The Atlantic Road Norway The 5-mile road runs through an archipelago (群岛) of the Norwegian Sea, having eight impressive bridges on the way. It’s a popular place for car companies to film advertisements. Ring of Kerry Ireland This 111-mile roadway offers a mix of scenery and history, with landscapes ranging from the shores of the Atlantic Ocean to deep forests. Parts of the road date back to 10,000 years ago and roadway stops include the island monastery (修道院) of Skellig Michael and the Iron-Age Staigue stone fort. Million Dollar Highway Colorado The impressive views along this 25-mile highway are reasonable enough to make a point of taking the route. Colorado provides plenty of opportunities along the way like hiking, camping, rock climbing, snowshoeing and whitewater rafting. Stop in Durango or Telluride to enjoy Western U. S. shopping. National Route A006 Las Cuevas, Argentina If you are fond of carving curves (弯道) , National Route A006, which is about 5.3 miles long, is the place to be. The curviest part of the road — with over 60 turns — runs from Las Cuevas to La Cumbre Pass. The roadway only opens in summer, passing through the scenic wine-growing area of Argentina, which is not far from Chile’s capital, Santiago. 1. Which route offers many sorts of outdoor activities such as travelling by raft? A The Atlantic Road. B. Million Dollar Highway. C. Ring of Kerry. D. National Route A006. 2. What is special about The Atlantic Road? A. It only opens in one season. B. It offers ancient attractions. C. It crosses a group of islands. D. It runs from the shores to deep forests. 3. Where does the curviest part of National Route A006 lead? A. Durango. B. Skellig Michael. C. A stone fort. D. La Cumbre Pass. B Maria Agnesi was the first woman to write a math textbook and the second woman to be appointed as a professor at a university. She was born in 1718 in Milan, Italy. Her father was Pietro Agnesi, a wealthy nobleman and a professor of math at the University of Bologna. He recognized the talents of his daughter Maria. Treated as a gifted child, she was taught by some tutors (家庭教师) to learn five languages, philosophy and science. She was better than other girls at school at her early age. The father invited groups of his colleagues to gather at his home and had Maria present speeches. She didn’t like performing, but she could not persuade her father to let her off the task until she was 20 years old. Maria’s greatest mathematical achievement was authoring the two-part textbook Analytical Institutions. Maria intended the textbook to make the new field of calculus (微积分) easier to be understood by more students (including her younger brothers) and mathematicians who were interested in the subject. That’s also why she chose to write the books in Italian. Maria fought to make math more available to people outside of the wealthy or academic circles. Many people, all over Europe, read her books in the 18th and 19th centuries. They were inspired to learn more and dive into math. In 1750, Maria was appointed to the chair of math, physics and natural sciences at the University of Bologna. When her father died in 1752, Maria gave away all of her possessions and spent the rest of her life working with the church to help those less fortunate. In 1783, she founded a home for the elderly in Milan, where she also lived and worked. 4. What can we infer about Maria when she was a kid? A. She often helped other children learn foreign languages. B. She had a talent for inventing things. C. She showed little interest in math. D. She did quite well in school. 5. How did Maria feel about performing before her father’s colleagues? A. Excited. B. Calm. C. Uneasy. D. Proud. 6. What do we know about Analytical Institutions? A. It enabled more people to learn math in a relatively easy way. B. It was mainly intended for the University of Bologna. C. It was translated into Italian and Chinese. D. It was disliked by most wealthy people. 7. What did Maria do after her father died? A. She gave away her father’s money. B. She set up a university for the poor. C. She devoted herself to the public good. D. She taught the elderly math in a church. C Music is widely known as a painkiller. But scientists still struggle to figure out what gives music this effect. In former studies, musical tempo (节奏) , musical energy and how relaxing the music is don’t impact pain relief. In a new study, researchers argue that the relief could come from letting people pick songs to listen to. The team designed an online experiment where participants either listened to music with low or high complexity (复杂性) . They gave some participants a chance to choose their song. They needed to listen to four musical clips (片段) that lasted two seconds and chose one to listen to in full. However, all the clips came from the same song, so they all actually listened to the same song. The researchers had asked a musician to write two pieces that shared the same song but differed in complexity. Before the test, participants rated their well-being, pain intensity and pain unpleasantness. Then, they listened to the entire song — either the complex or simple version. Afterwards, they re-rated their pain and well-being, reported how they felt about the song and described how deeply they were involved in music in their everyday lives. People who thought they chose the song to listen to had reduced pain intensity but not pain unpleasantness, and people that regularly got involved in music benefited the most. Meanwhile, song complexity didn’t affect the result. Listening to the chosen music gives people control over their environment, which could relieve pain. That leads to feelings of wellness and decreased pain. The findings also stress the importance of musical absorption — the feeling of getting lost in a song and losing physical awareness. In the future, the team hopes to develop methods that interest listeners who don’t listen to music much in their daily lives. The author hopes that the findings could be used to improve music therapy. It’s not enough just to play music in the background. It is to have the greatest impact and help patients. 8. Which of the following does the new research focus on? A. Several effects of music on people’s imagination. B. Why music can actually draw people’s attention. C What kind of music can help people work better. D. Whether people’s listening to chosen music can relieve pain. 9. What is the fact about the music listened to by the participants? A. It was made up of two different songs. B. All the clips were taken from the same song. C. Its ending was more complex than its beginning. D. It had been listened to three times before their choosing the song. 10. What can we conclude from the experiment? A. Those who listen to music often can benefit a lot more. B. Those who listen to complex music can best control their pain. C. Those who choose the loud music to listen to can feel more pleasant. D. Those who choose the light music can be more aware of their environment. 11. How does the author like the result of the research? A. Practical. B. Doubtful. C. Disappointing. D. Worrying. D Having lost his eyesight in childhood, countless difficulties once stood in Ang Ziyu’s path as he experienced an academic life. However, in June, he graduated with a bachelor’s degree in science and was ready to attend a course for a master’s degree, proving that his courage, determination and resilience (适应力) helped him get over difficulties caused by his visual disability. Ang was admitted to Minzu University of China in 2020, scoring 635 out of a possible 750 in the national college entrance exam, and became the university’s first-ever student with visual disability. Worries came along with the joy of college admission. Would he be able to take care of himself on campus? Would he be able to learn abstract knowledge in Braille (盲文)? Could he meet the graduation requirements four years later? “The greatest fear is the unknown. I did encounter many problems after entering college, but there was always a way,” said Ang. “Only after a month did I become familiar with the campus roads. I used to buy meals at certain stalls (摊位) in the self-service restaurant because of familiarity, but as a senior now, I would like to try every food I haven’t eaten yet before I leave the college,” Ang said. “Sometimes he walks faster than I do. He uses a stick more to remind people that he is blind, in case he knocks into others, rather than needing it to walk,” said Bai Lu, his teacher. Greater challenges came from education activities. As an information and computing science major, Ang needs to take many math courses that contain symbols and geometry, which are difficult to express in Braille. On the one hand, Ang has made some new adjustments to the writing rules of Braille to better deal with the math calculations. On the other hand, more intelligent screen-reading software, able to read many mathematical symbols and Greek letters, has become a convenience. In addition, voluntary schoolmates organized by the school would read the textbooks and math questions for him to assist his study. In terms of final exams, Ang answered the same test papers as his classmates did, but in a special way. Ang would first transcribe (把……转成) the questions read to him, then answer them in Braille in 1.5 times the standard exam time. When given scores, Ang would read his answers to the teachers face to face. 12. What does the underlined word “meet” in the second paragraph mean? A. Identify. B. Satisfy. C. Recommend. D. Replace. 13. Why did Ang buy meals at certain stalls at first? A. The foods there were much tastier. B. He knew or recognized the stalls better. C. The prices of foods there were lower. D. The stalls’ service quality was much better. 14. How can we best describe Ang according to the text? A. Grateful and humorous. B. Helpful and considerate. C. Intelligent and independent. D. Hardworking and adaptable. 15. Which can be the best title for the news report? A. Blind student completes college with resilience B. Countless difficulties stand in blind student’s path C. Blind student attends course for bachelor’s degree D. University’s first-ever student with visual disability 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Put Down Your Smartphone For most people, when they wake up in the morning, the first thing to come to their mind is to find their smartphone. ____16____. Here are some quick and easy ways to handle the problem. Pick up a newspaper Read a newspaper and you will be surprised at how relaxing it is to read through the day’s news. We will find our attention has increased. ____17____. Don’t be worried about the cost. Even the New York Times costs only $9 a week. It offers both home delivery and digital access. Listen to the radio ____18____. You will be amazed at how entertaining and helpful some radio programs still can be. More importantly, you won’t be attracted to those apps and websites. Cut off social media ties We love using Facebook or X to communicate with friends and relations. Just check in at your lunch break or at the gym. And turn off app and email notifications (通知) at some other times in any other places, so you aren’t attracted by them. ____19____ Today, it seems nearly impossible to stay away from your phone for 60 minutes. However, whether dining at home or out, stick to (坚持) no-device policy. When having dinner in a restaurant with others, to make you stick to it, you can place phones in the center of the table. ____20____. Thus no one can break the policy. A. Set aside your phones B. And we will enjoy reading it C. Stop seeking unimportant information D. Take your old radio out again and plug it in E Social media addiction can be completely avoided F. You can also have a waiter place them in some places G. If it is the same to you, it is time for you to put your smartphone down 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Jim Lovell is a former NASA astronaut. He ____21____ into space four times in the Gemini and Apollo programs, which means he spent 700 hours in space. Lovell, a Cleveland native, began his ____22____ in the U. S. Navy by doing night landings in jets (喷气机) on aircraft carriers (航空母舰). In 1958, Lovell ____23____ the Naval Air Test Center, and then started several years of ____24____ fighter aircraft. The job was ____25____, for they could lose their lives. Then it was NASA’s first time to look for astronauts in the early 1960s among test pilots. Lovell was ____26____ because of a small ____27____ problem with his body. ____28____, he had a second ____29____ joining NASA when another astronaut selection opened up. He was _____30_____ in 1962. Later, he worked as an astronaut in the Gemini and Apollo programs. Lovell’s last mission had something to do with Apollo 13 in April, 1970, which was his second journey to the moon. All appeared quite _____31_____ until the evening of April 13, when the astronauts were just a day away from landing on the moon. A fire started inside an oxygen tank, which _____32_____ damaged part of the spacecraft in the end. The moon landing mission had to be given up. For most of the next four days, the three men stayed very close to each other in the undamaged lunar module — a spacecraft designed for two men to land on the moon. To save _____33_____, only the most necessary systems were kept powered up. The men were cold and uncomfortable and they dealt with problems that _____34_____ coming up. But with the help of the Mission Control, they arrived safely back on Earth on April 17, 1970. Lovell retired from the Navy and the space program in 1973 and held a series of industry positions afterwards. He also provided _____35_____ for the movie Apollo 13 based on his book Lost Moon. 21. A. wandered B. jumped C. flew D. rushed 22. A. career B. competition C. tour D. lesson 23. A. put down B. set up C. graduated from D. stood for 24. A. touching B. producing C. moving D. testing 25. A. outdated B. dangerous C. pleasant D. tiring 26. A. turned down B. picked up C. searched for D. sent for 27. A. cultural B. medical C. agricultural D. environmental 28. A. Harmoniously B. Patiently C. Occasionally D. Luckily 29. A. fight against B. discuss with C. match with D. try for 30. A. chosen B. treated C. praised D. blamed 31. A. joyful B. fine C. hard D. strange 32. A. distantly B. rarely C. seriously D. uselessly 33. A. energy B. space C. time D. money 34. A. risked B. meant C. kept D. finished 35. A. comfort B. safety C. power D. advice 第二节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据要求在空白处填入正确的单词，每空一词(答案处要求写出全部单词，包括首字母)。 A．根据首字母写出该单词的正确形式。 36. After Tom m______ the table, he knew exactly how large it was.(根据首字母单词拼写) 37. A v______ is an area of low land between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 38. The i______ person or thing for a particular task or purpose is the best possible person or thing for it. (根据首字母单词拼写) B．根据汉语提示写出该单词的正确形式。 39. When people ______ (互动) with computers, information or instructions are exchanged. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 40. Black coffee leaves a ______ (苦的，有苦味的) taste in the mouth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 41. Dreams can be a rich __________（来源） of inspiration for an artist.（根据汉语意思填空） C．根据所给单词写出其正确形式。 42. ______ (consume) can buy cars from websites without ever going for a test drive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. It is reported that the factory ________ (typical) produces 500 chairs a week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. I thought the man was very ______ (attraction) and obviously very intelligent. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. He seemed to think that he should speak as a ______ (represent) at the conference. (所给词适当形式填空) 第三节 单句语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(填入一个或一个以上的单词) 46. The house has belonged ________ her family for three or four generations. (用适当的词填空) 47. The athlete failed to win in the 100-meter race regardless of making ______ effort. (用适当的词填空) 48. Breakfast is available to the fishermen ______ get up early and go fishing in the sea from 6 am. (用适当的词填空) 49. It can be rather ______ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. The path ______ we are walking now leads to the mountain. (用适当的词填空) 51. She is keen on ______ (learn) how to play the piano, so she practices every day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. It was so noisy that we ______ not hear ourselves speak in the restaurant so we went outside to have a chat.(用正确的情态动词填空) 53. She ran all the way up to the station, only ______ (find) that the train had left fifteen minutes before. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. When someone brings ______ a child, they look after it until it is an adult. (用适当的词填空) 55. In the 1990s, the singer ______ (regard) as a representative of the youth of her generation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. Her own ______ (interpret) of the facts may be open to doubt. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. There will be many tasks for them ______ (complete) next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. We ______ as well take the subway to get there since the traffic is so bad.(用正确的情态动词填空) 59. The fire from ______ the family was saved was put out within an hour by the firefighters. (用适当的词填空) 60. She’s not only a great dramatic actress ______ she’s also very funny. (用适当的词填空) 第四节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My high school life was a very fulfilling one. Besides studying in class, I got a part-time job at a local coffee shop ____61____ location was not far from our school. I hoped it would be easy, and for the most part, without any ____62____ (tense). I imagined myself pouring coffee and becoming close friends with my customers. But what I hadn’t expected was the people with so many orders and the moments when I couldn’t seem to please anyone. There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or not enough skim milk. However, I kept at it. I had the determination ____63____ (treat) the customers well. One customer was angry and shouted at me because his coffee was hot. After he ____64____ (reflect) on the matter for some time, ____65____ (incredible) he said he regretted and ____66____ not have shouted at me because it was not my fault. One day with Christmas around ____67____ corner, one of my customers dropped in, seeming very sad. I thought I had better ____68____ (offer) him something to improve his mood. Before he left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee. He looked at me questioningly because he had ordered nothing but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw his favourite doughnut (甜甜圈) I had offered to him. He smiled and thanked me before stepping out into the rain. The next evening, he came. Instead of ordering something, he handed me a single pink rose and a note. “Thanks for being so sweet and considerate yesterday. Your kind act prevented me ____69____ taking a bad step. It is so nice to meet someone who is warm.” As time went on, I came across some customers really particular. But whenever I felt down, I would remember that man and his kindness. Then I would smile, hold my head up high, clear my throat and ask politely, “How can I help you?” The ____70____ (exist) of myself was to make others live better. 第四部分 写作(满分15分) 71. 假定你是李华，你的加拿大网友Henry喜欢中国美食，他打算尝试学做中国美食。他给你发来电子邮件寻求建议，内容包括： 1.美食名称; 2.推荐原因; 3.表示愿望。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Henry, How are things going with you? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1～5 CABAC 6～10 BAACA 11～15 BCCBA 16～20 BCBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024级高一学年下学期开学考试 英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：外研版必修Book 1 Unit 5～Book 2 Unit 3. 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.15. C．£9.18. 答案是B. 1．When can the man have some classes according to the woman? A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening. 2．How will the woman go to Brighton? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By train. 3．What will the man check next? A．His appointment. B．His arrangement. C．His report. 4．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．What the woman should wear for a party. B．When they will set off to attend a party. C．Whether the party is formal or not. 5．What does the woman mean? A．Jane has a beautiful voice. B．Jane tends to be nervous. C．Jane sings rather badly. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．When will the new assistant start working in the company? A．On June 30th. B．On July 7th. C．On July 21st. 7．What will the man do today? A．Meet the IT manager. B．Fill an order. C．Set up a computer. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Why is the woman talking to the man? A．To complain to him about the noise. B．To ask him to help her study. C．To invite him to her flat. 9．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Workmates. C．Neighbors. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What do we know about the man? A．He checked in on March 3rd. B．He shouldn’t get the discount. C．He has made a mistake about the bill. 11．How much should the woman give back to the man? A．$400. B．$500. C．$600. 12．What will the man do in about 10 minutes? A．Enter the airport. B．Check out of the hotel. C．Get on the hotel bus. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Which part of the man’s body aches now? A．His shoulder. B．His arm. C．His leg. 14．What do we know about the pain? A．It is a sharp one. B．It comes now and then. C．It has lasted about a month. 15．What was the man doing when the pain started? A．He was working out in the garden. B．He was getting back from work. C．He was cleaning the yard. 16．What can we learn about the woman at the end of the conversation? A．She explains to the man how to take the medicine. B．She hopes to know more about the man’s pain. C．She tells the man how she will treat his pain. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What will the listeners do this afternoon? A．Do some exercise. B．Watch a movie. C．Explore the city. 18．What is being built in the sports center according to the speech? A．A gym. B．A swimming pool. C．A volleyball field. 19．When will the listeners go to Oxford? A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday. 20．What does the speaker remind the listeners to do? A．Bring their necessary items. B．Rise early and have breakfast on time. C．Get to the appointed place ahead of time. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The driving routes on this list are open to the public and don’t require any special skills. Go out, explore and enjoy driving! The Atlantic Road Norway The 5-mile road runs through an archipelago (群岛) of the Norwegian Sea, having eight impressive bridges on the way. It’s a popular place for car companies to film advertisements. Ring of Kerry Ireland This 111-mile roadway offers a mix of scenery and history, with landscapes ranging from the shores of the Atlantic Ocean to deep forests. Parts of the road date back to 10,000 years ago and roadway stops include the island monastery (修道院) of Skellig Michael and the Iron-Age Staigue stone fort. Million Dollar Highway Colorado The impressive views along this 25-mile highway are reasonable enough to make a point of taking the route. Colorado provides plenty of opportunities along the way like hiking, camping, rock climbing, snowshoeing and whitewater rafting. Stop in Durango or Telluride to enjoy Western U. S. shopping. National Route A006 Las Cuevas, Argentina If you are fond of carving curves (弯道) , National Route A006, which is about 5.3 miles long, is the place to be. The curviest part of the road — with over 60 turns — runs from Las Cuevas to La Cumbre Pass. The roadway only opens in summer, passing through the scenic wine-growing area of Argentina, which is not far from Chile’s capital, Santiago. 1. Which route offers many sorts of outdoor activities such as travelling by raft? A. The Atlantic Road. B. Million Dollar Highway. C. Ring of Kerry. D. National Route A006. 2. What is special about The Atlantic Road? A. It only opens in one season. B. It offers ancient attractions. C. It crosses a group of islands. D. It runs from the shores to deep forests. 3. Where does the curviest part of National Route A006 lead? A Durango. B. Skellig Michael. C. A stone fort. D. La Cumbre Pass. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了对公众开放的四条驾驶路线，这四条路上都风景优美，值得探索。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Million Dollar Highway中的“Colorado provides plenty of opportunities along the way like hiking, camping, rock climbing, snowshoeing and whitewater rafting.(科罗拉多沿途提供了很多机会，比如徒步旅行、露营、攀岩、雪鞋徒步和激流漂流)”可知，Million Dollar Highway提供多种户外活动。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Atlantic Road中的“The 5-mile road runs through an archipelago (群岛) of the Norwegian Sea, having eight impressive bridges on the way. It’s a popular place for car companies to film advertisements.(这条5英里长的公路穿过挪威海的一个群岛，沿途有八座令人印象深刻的桥梁。这是汽车公司拍摄广告的热门地点)”可知，The Atlantic Road的特点是它横跨一群岛屿。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据National Route A006中的“The curviest part of the road—with over 60 turns—runs from Las Cuevas to La Cumbre Pass.(这条路最弯曲的部分——有60多个转弯——从拉斯奎瓦斯到拉坎伯山口)”可知，National Route A006最弯曲的部分通向拉坎伯山口。故选D项。 B Maria Agnesi was the first woman to write a math textbook and the second woman to be appointed as a professor at a university. She was born in 1718 in Milan, Italy. Her father was Pietro Agnesi, a wealthy nobleman and a professor of math at the University of Bologna. He recognized the talents of his daughter Maria. Treated as a gifted child, she was taught by some tutors (家庭教师) to learn five languages, philosophy and science. She was better than other girls at school at her early age. The father invited groups of his colleagues to gather at his home and had Maria present speeches. She didn’t like performing, but she could not persuade her father to let her off the task until she was 20 years old. Maria’s greatest mathematical achievement was authoring the two-part textbook Analytical Institutions. Maria intended the textbook to make the new field of calculus (微积分) easier to be understood by more students (including her younger brothers) and mathematicians who were interested in the subject. That’s also why she chose to write the books in Italian. Maria fought to make math more available to people outside of the wealthy or academic circles. Many people, all over Europe, read her books in the 18th and 19th centuries. They were inspired to learn more and dive into math. In 1750, Maria was appointed to the chair of math, physics and natural sciences at the University of Bologna. When her father died in 1752, Maria gave away all of her possessions and spent the rest of her life working with the church to help those less fortunate. In 1783, she founded a home for the elderly in Milan, where she also lived and worked. 4. What can we infer about Maria when she was a kid? A. She often helped other children learn foreign languages. B She had a talent for inventing things. C. She showed little interest in math. D. She did quite well in school. 5. How did Maria feel about performing before her father’s colleagues? A. Excited. B. Calm. C. Uneasy. D. Proud. 6. What do we know about Analytical Institutions? A. It enabled more people to learn math in a relatively easy way. B. It was mainly intended for the University of Bologna. C. It was translated into Italian and Chinese. D. It was disliked by most wealthy people. 7. What did Maria do after her father died? A. She gave away her father’s money. B. She set up a university for the poor. C. She devoted herself to the public good. D. She taught the elderly math in a church. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了意大利数学家Maria Agnesi的生平和成就，包括她的家庭背景、教育经历、数学贡献以及她后来的慈善工作。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“She was better than other girls at school at her early age.(她在很小的时候就比学校里的其他女孩成绩好)”可推知，Maria小时候在学校表现很好。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The father invited groups of his colleagues to gather at his home and had Maria present speeches. She didn’t like performing, but she could not persuade her father to let her off the task until she was 20 years old.(父亲邀请他的同事们在家里聚会，让Maria发表演讲。她不喜欢表演，但直到20岁，她才说服父亲让她放弃这个任务)”可知，Maria不喜欢在父亲的同事面前表演，会感到不自在，故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Maria intended the textbook to make the new field of calculus (微积分) easier to be understood by more students (including her younger brothers) and mathematicians who were interested in the subject. That’s also why she chose to write the books in Italian.(Maria希望这本教科书能让更多对微积分感兴趣的学生（包括她的弟弟）和数学家更容易理解微积分这一新兴领域。这也是她选择用意大利语写书的原因)”可知，Analytical Institutions使更多人能够以一种相对简单的方式学习数学。故选A项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“When her father died in 1752, Maria gave away all of her possessions and spent the rest of her life working with the church to help those less fortunate. In 1783, she founded a home for the elderly in Milan, where she also lived and worked.(当她的父亲于1752年去世时，Maria放弃了她所有的财产，并在她的余生中与教会一起帮助那些不幸的人。1783年，她在米兰建立了一个养老院，并在那里生活和工作)”可知，Maria在她父亲死后献身于公益事业。故选C项。 C Music is widely known as a painkiller. But scientists still struggle to figure out what gives music this effect. In former studies, musical tempo (节奏) , musical energy and how relaxing the music is don’t impact pain relief. In a new study, researchers argue that the relief could come from letting people pick songs to listen to. The team designed an online experiment where participants either listened to music with low or high complexity (复杂性) . They gave some participants a chance to choose their song. They needed to listen to four musical clips (片段) that lasted two seconds and chose one to listen to in full. However, all the clips came from the same song, so they all actually listened to the same song. The researchers had asked a musician to write two pieces that shared the same song but differed in complexity. Before the test, participants rated their well-being, pain intensity and pain unpleasantness. Then, they listened to the entire song — either the complex or simple version. Afterwards, they re-rated their pain and well-being, reported how they felt about the song and described how deeply they were involved in music in their everyday lives. People who thought they chose the song to listen to had reduced pain intensity, but not pain unpleasantness, and people that regularly got involved in music benefited the most. Meanwhile, song complexity didn’t affect the result. Listening to the chosen music gives people control over their environment, which could relieve pain. That leads to feelings of wellness and decreased pain. The findings also stress the importance of musical absorption — the feeling of getting lost in a song and losing physical awareness. In the future, the team hopes to develop methods that interest listeners who don’t listen to music much in their daily lives. The author hopes that the findings could be used to improve music therapy. It’s not enough just to play music in the background. It is to have the greatest impact and help patients. 8. Which of the following does the new research focus on? A. Several effects of music on people’s imagination. B. Why music can actually draw people’s attention. C. What kind of music can help people work better. D. Whether people’s listening to chosen music can relieve pain. 9. What is the fact about the music listened to by the participants? A. It was made up of two different songs. B. All the clips were taken from the same song. C. Its ending was more complex than its beginning. D. It had been listened to three times before their choosing the song. 10. What can we conclude from the experiment? A. Those who listen to music often can benefit a lot more. B. Those who listen to complex music can best control their pain. C. Those who choose the loud music to listen to can feel more pleasant. D. Those who choose the light music can be more aware of their environment. 11. How does the author like the result of the research? A. Practical. B. Doubtful. C. Disappointing. D. Worrying. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明让人们挑选歌曲听可以让他们减轻痛苦程度。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a new study, researchers argue that the relief could come from letting people pick songs to listen to.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员认为，让人们选择听的歌曲可能会减轻压力)”可知，这项新研究的重点是人们听选定的音乐是否能缓解疼痛。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They needed to listen to four musical clips (片段) that lasted two seconds and chose one to listen to in full. However, all the clips came from the same song, so they all actually listened to the same song.(他们需要听四个持续两秒钟的音乐片段，并选择一个完整地听。然而，所有的片段都来自同一首歌，所以他们实际上都听了同一首歌)”可知，参与者听的音乐，所有的片段都取自同一首歌。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“People who thought they chose the song to listen to had reduced pain intensity, but not pain unpleasantness, and people that regularly got involved in music benefited the most. Meanwhile, song complexity didn’t affect the result.(那些认为自己选择了要听的歌曲的人，疼痛强度减轻了，但疼痛带来的不愉快感没有减轻，而那些经常听音乐的人受益最大。同时，歌曲的复杂性对结果没有影响)”可知，那些经常听音乐的人会受益更多。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the future, the team hopes to develop methods that interest listeners who don’t listen to music much in their daily lives. The author hopes that the findings could be used to improve music therapy. It’s not enough just to play music in the background. It is to have the greatest impact and help patients.(在未来，该团队希望开发出一些方法，让那些在日常生活中不怎么听音乐的听众感兴趣。作者希望这一发现可以用于改善音乐治疗。仅仅播放背景音乐是不够的。它是有最大的影响和帮助病人)”可知，作者认为研究结果是实用的。故选A项， D Having lost his eyesight in childhood, countless difficulties once stood in Ang Ziyu’s path as he experienced an academic life. However, in June, he graduated with a bachelor’s degree in science and was ready to attend a course for a master’s degree, proving that his courage, determination and resilience (适应力) helped him get over difficulties caused by his visual disability. Ang was admitted to Minzu University of China in 2020, scoring 635 out of a possible 750 in the national college entrance exam, and became the university’s first-ever student with visual disability. Worries came along with the joy of college admission. Would he be able to take care of himself on campus? Would he be able to learn abstract knowledge in Braille (盲文)? Could he meet the graduation requirements four years later? “The greatest fear is the unknown. I did encounter many problems after entering college, but there was always a way,” said Ang. “Only after a month did I become familiar with the campus roads. I used to buy meals at certain stalls (摊位) in the self-service restaurant because of familiarity, but as a senior now, I would like to try every food I haven’t eaten yet before I leave the college,” Ang said. “Sometimes he walks faster than I do. He uses a stick more to remind people that he is blind, in case he knocks into others, rather than needing it to walk,” said Bai Lu, his teacher. Greater challenges came from education activities. As an information and computing science major, Ang needs to take many math courses that contain symbols and geometry, which are difficult to express in Braille. On the one hand, Ang has made some new adjustments to the writing rules of Braille to better deal with the math calculations. On the other hand, more intelligent screen-reading software, able to read many mathematical symbols and Greek letters, has become a convenience. In addition, voluntary schoolmates organized by the school would read the textbooks and math questions for him to assist his study. In terms of final exams, Ang answered the same test papers as his classmates did, but in a special way. Ang would first transcribe (把……转成) the questions read to him, then answer them in Braille in 1.5 times the standard exam time. When given scores, Ang would read his answers to the teachers face to face. 12. What does the underlined word “meet” in the second paragraph mean? A. Identify. B. Satisfy. C. Recommend. D. Replace. 13. Why did Ang buy meals at certain stalls at first? A. The foods there were much tastier. B. He knew or recognized the stalls better. C. The prices of foods there were lower. D. The stalls’ service quality was much better. 14. How can we best describe Ang according to the text? A. Grateful and humorous. B. Helpful and considerate. C. Intelligent and independent. D. Hardworking and adaptable. 15. Which can be the best title for the news report? A. Blind student completes college with resilience B. Countless difficulties stand in blind student’s path C. Blind student attends course for bachelor’s degree D. University’s first-ever student with visual disability 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了有视力障碍的Ang Ziyu通过自己的勇气、决心和韧性完成了大学学习获得学位，并准备攻读硕士的故事。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Worries came along with the joy of college admission. Would he be able to take care of himself on campus? Would he be able to learn abstract knowledge in Braille (盲文)? (大学录取的喜悦伴随着忧虑而来。他在校园里能照顾好自己吗？他能用盲文学习抽象知识吗？)”及划线词后文“the graduation requirements four years later (四年后的毕业要求)”可知，此处描述进入大学后的担忧，即，能否达到毕业的要求，meet与此处satisfy“满足”意思相近。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Only after a month did I become familiar with the campus roads. I used to buy meals at certain stalls (摊位) in the self-service restaurant because of familiarity, but as a senior now, I would like to try every food I haven’t eaten yet before I leave the college,” Ang said. (Ang说：“一个月后，我才熟悉了校园道路。因为熟悉，我过去常常在自助餐厅的某些摊位上买饭，但现在作为一名大四学生，我想在离开学校之前尝试每一种我还没有吃过的食物。”)”可知，刚开始Ang在特定的摊位上买饭是因为他更熟悉或更能认出了那些摊位。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“However, in June, he graduated with a bachelor’s degree in science and was ready to attend a course for a master’s degree, proving that his courage, determination and resilience (适应力) helped him get over difficulties caused by his visual disability. (然而，今年6月，他获得了理学学士学位，并准备攻读硕士学位，这证明了他的勇气、决心和韧性帮助他克服了视力障碍带来的困难。)”可知，Ang是努力的，他最终获得了学士学位并攻读硕士学位；根据文章第四段“On the one hand, Ang has made some new adjustments to the writing rules of Braille to better deal with the math calculations. (一方面，Ang对盲文的书写规则做了一些新的调整，以更好地处理数学计算。)”可知，Ang能自己做出调整从而更好地进行数学计算说明他适应力强。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“However, in June, he graduated with a bachelor’s degree in science and was ready to attend a course for a master’s degree, proving that his courage, determination and resilience (适应力) helped him get over difficulties caused by his visual disability. (然而，今年6月，他获得了理学学士学位，并准备攻读硕士学位，这证明了他的勇气、决心和韧性帮助他克服了视力障碍带来的困难。)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了有视力障碍的Ang Ziyu通过自己的勇气、决心和韧性完成了大学学习获得学位，并准备攻读硕士的故事。故A选项“失明学生凭借坚韧完成大学学业”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Put Down Your Smartphone For most people, when they wake up in the morning, the first thing to come to their mind is to find their smartphone. ____16____. Here are some quick and easy ways to handle the problem. Pick up a newspaper Read a newspaper and you will be surprised at how relaxing it is to read through the day’s news. We will find our attention has increased. ____17____. Don’t be worried about the cost. Even the New York Times costs only $9 a week. It offers both home delivery and digital access. Listen to the radio ____18____. You will be amazed at how entertaining and helpful some radio programs still can be. More importantly, you won’t be attracted to those apps and websites. Cut off social media ties We love using Facebook or X to communicate with friends and relations. Just check in at your lunch break or at the gym. And turn off app and email notifications (通知) at some other times in any other places, so you aren’t attracted by them. ____19____ Today, it seems nearly impossible to stay away from your phone for 60 minutes. However, whether dining at home or out, stick to (坚持) no-device policy. When having dinner in a restaurant with others, to make you stick to it, you can place phones in the center of the table. ____20____. Thus no one can break the policy. A. Set aside your phones B. And we will enjoy reading it C. Stop seeking unimportant information D. Take your old radio out again and plug it in E. Social media addiction can be completely avoided F. You can also have a waiter place them in some places G. If it is the same to you, it is time for you to put your smartphone down 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何远离手机的几种方法。 【16题详解】 前文“For most people, when they wake up in the morning, the first thing to come to their mind is to find their smartphone.(对于大多数人来说，当他们早上醒来时，他们想到的第一件事就是拿起智能手机)”表示大多数人的一天以看手机开始，后文“Here are some quick and easy ways to handle the problem.(这里有一些快速简单的方法来处理这个问题)”引出解决这个问题的方法，G选项“如果对你来说是一样的，那么是时候放下你的智能手机了”由面及点，说到每个人都有这样的情况，同时引出下文的方法，承上启下。故选G。 【17题详解】 前文“Read a newspaper and you will be surprised at how relaxing it is to read through the day’s news. We will find our attention has increased.(读一份报纸，你会惊讶地发现阅读当天的新闻是多么的放松。我们会发现我们的注意力增加了)”表示我们可以通过读报纸来转移注意力，B选项“我们会喜欢读它的”引出这样做会引起我们的阅读乐趣，符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 标题“Listen to the radio(听收音机)”表示可以听收音机，D选项“把你的旧收音机拿出来，插上电源”表示我们可以将很久不用的收音机拿出来，符合本段主旨，同时引出下文提到的听收音机的收获。故选D。 【19题详解】 下文“Today, it seems nearly impossible to stay away from your phone for 60 minutes. However, whether dining at home or out, stick to (坚持) no-device policy.(今天，离开手机60分钟几乎是不可能的。然而，无论是在家还是外出就餐，都要坚持不带手机的原则)”表示我们可以通过将手机放在一边来远离手机一段时间，A选项“把手机放在一边”符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 前文“When having dinner in a restaurant with others, to make you stick to it, you can place phones in the center of the table.(当你和别人在餐馆吃饭时，为了让你坚持下去，你可以把手机放在桌子的中央)”表明和别人吃饭时可以将手机放在餐桌中央，F选项“你也可以让服务员把它们放在一些地方”表示另外一种在吃饭时处理手机的方法，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Jim Lovell is a former NASA astronaut. He ____21____ into space four times in the Gemini and Apollo programs, which means he spent 700 hours in space. Lovell, a Cleveland native, began his ____22____ in the U. S. Navy by doing night landings in jets (喷气机) on aircraft carriers (航空母舰). In 1958, Lovell ____23____ the Naval Air Test Center, and then started several years of ____24____ fighter aircraft. The job was ____25____, for they could lose their lives. Then it was NASA’s first time to look for astronauts in the early 1960s among test pilots. Lovell was ____26____ because of a small ____27____ problem with his body. ____28____, he had a second ____29____ joining NASA when another astronaut selection opened up. He was _____30_____ in 1962. Later, he worked as an astronaut in the Gemini and Apollo programs. Lovell’s last mission had something to do with Apollo 13 in April 1970, which was his second journey to the moon. All appeared quite _____31_____ until the evening of April 13, when the astronauts were just a day away from landing on the moon. A fire started inside an oxygen tank, which _____32_____ damaged part of the spacecraft in the end. The moon landing mission had to be given up. For most of the next four days, the three men stayed very close to each other in the undamaged lunar module — a spacecraft designed for two men to land on the moon. To save _____33_____, only the most necessary systems were kept powered up. The men were cold and uncomfortable and they dealt with problems that _____34_____ coming up. But with the help of the Mission Control, they arrived safely back on Earth on April 17, 1970. Lovell retired from the Navy and the space program in 1973 and held a series of industry positions afterwards. He also provided _____35_____ for the movie Apollo 13 based on his book Lost Moon. 21. A. wandered B. jumped C. flew D. rushed 22. A. career B. competition C. tour D. lesson 23. A. put down B. set up C. graduated from D. stood for 24. A. touching B. producing C. moving D. testing 25. A. outdated B. dangerous C. pleasant D. tiring 26. A. turned down B. picked up C. searched for D. sent for 27. A. cultural B. medical C. agricultural D. environmental 28. A. Harmoniously B. Patiently C. Occasionally D. Luckily 29. A. fight against B. discuss with C. match with D. try for 30. A. chosen B. treated C. praised D. blamed 31. A. joyful B. fine C. hard D. strange 32. A. distantly B. rarely C. seriously D. uselessly 33. A. energy B. space C. time D. money 34. A. risked B. meant C. kept D. finished 35. A. comfort B. safety C. power D. advice 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了前美国宇航局宇航员吉姆·洛弗尔的生平以及他在太空事业中做出的贡献。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在双子座和阿波罗计划中四次进入太空，这意味着他在太空中度过了700个小时。A. wandered漫游；B. jumped跳；C. flew飞；D. rushed冲。根据上文“Jim Lovell is a former NASA astronaut.”可知，作为一名宇航员，应该飞入太空。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：洛弗尔是克利夫兰人，他在美国海军的职业生涯是从驾驶喷气式飞机在航空母舰上夜间着陆开始的。A. career事业；B. competition竞争；C. tour巡游；D. lesson课，教训。根据下文“in the U. S. Navy by doing night landings in jets (喷气机) on aircraft carriers (航空母舰)”可知，这里描述了洛弗尔事业的开始。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：1958年，洛弗尔从海军航空测试中心毕业，然后开始了几年的战斗机测试。A. put down放下；B. set up建立；C. graduated from从……毕业；D. stood for代表。根据下文“the Naval Air Test Center, and then started several years of”可知，洛弗尔从海军航空测试中心毕业。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1958年，洛弗尔从海军航空测试中心毕业，然后开始了几年的战斗机测试。A. touching触摸；B. producing制造；C. moving移动；D. testing测试。根据下文“Then it was NASA’s first time to look for astronauts in the early 1960s among test pilots.”可知，刚毕业后，他开始进行战斗机测试。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项工作很危险，因为他们可能会失去生命。A. outdated过期的；B. dangerous危险的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. tiring累人的。根据下文“for they could lose their lives”可知，这份工作是危险的。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：洛弗尔因为身体上的一个小问题被拒绝了。A. turned down拒绝；B. picked up捡起；C. searched for寻找；D. sent for派人去拿。根据下文“because of a small ____7____ problem with his body.”可知，由于身体问题，洛弗尔被拒绝了。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洛弗尔因为身体上的一个小问题被拒绝了。A. cultural文化的；B. medical医学的；C. agricultural农业的；D. environmental环境的。根据下文“problem with his body”可知，洛弗尔因为身体上的医学问题不合格，所以被拒绝。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当另一次宇航员选拔开放时，他有了第二次加入美国宇航局的机会。A. Harmoniously和谐地；B. Patiently耐心地；C. Occasionally偶然地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据下文“he had a second ____9____ joining NASA when another astronaut selection opened up.”可知，后来，洛弗尔有了第二次机会，因此，他是幸运的。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，当另一次宇航员选拔开放时，他有了第二次加入美国宇航局的机会。A. fight against抗击；B. discuss with与……讨论；C. match with与……匹配；D. try for试图获得，尝试。根据下文“joining NASA when another astronaut selection opened up”可知，另一次宇航员选拔开放时，他有了第二次机会。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他于1962年入选。A. chosen选择；B. treated对待，招待；C. praised表扬；D. blamed责怪。根据下文“Later, he worked as an astronaut in the Gemini and Apollo programs.”可知，第二次，他被选上了。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到4月13日晚上，一切都很好，宇航员们离登陆月球只有一天了。A. joyful欢乐的；B. fine好的；C. hard硬的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“A fire started inside an oxygen tank”可知，在大火开始之前，一切都看起来很好。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个氧气罐内部起火，最终严重损坏了航天器的一部分。A. distantly遥远地；B. rarely罕见地；C. seriously严重地；D. uselessly没用地。根据上文“A fire started inside an oxygen tank”可知，一场大火严重损坏了航天器的一部分。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了节约能源，只有最必要的系统才通电。A. energy能量，能源；B. space空间；C. time时间；D. money金钱。根据下文“only the most necessary systems were kept powered up”可知，只在必要的时候才通电是为了节约能源。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：宇航员们又冷又难受，他们要处理不断出现的问题。A. risked冒险；B. meant意味着；C. kept保持，一直；D. finished完成。根据前文“The men were cold and uncomfortable and they dealt with problems”可知，几个宇航员要处理不断出现的问题。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还为改编自自己的小说《迷失的月亮》的电影《阿波罗13号》提供了建议。A. comfort安慰；B. safety安全；C. power能量；D. advice建议。根据下文“for the movie Apollo 13 based on his book Lost Moon.”可知，洛弗尔为根据自己的小说改编的电影提供了建议。故选D项。 第二节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据要求在空白处填入正确的单词，每空一词(答案处要求写出全部单词，包括首字母)。 A．根据首字母写出该单词的正确形式。 36. After Tom m______ the table, he knew exactly how large it was.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】measured##easured 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆量过桌子后，他确切地知道它有多大。空处作从句的谓语，根据he knew exactly how large it was.及首字母m可知，单词为measure，意思为：测量，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填measured。 37. A v______ is an area of low land between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】valley##alley 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：山谷是丘陵或山脉之间的低地，通常有河流流过。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是valley意为“山谷”，根据A可知，用单数形式。故填valley。 38. The i______ person or thing for a particular task or purpose is the best possible person or thing for it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】ideal##deal 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：对于某一特定任务或目的而言，理想的人或事物是最适合它的人或事物。根据句子中“is the best possible person or thing for it”可知，“理想的”人或事物是最适合的人或事物，结合首字母提示可知，用形容词ideal作定语，意为“理想的，最佳的”。故填ideal。 B．根据汉语提示写出该单词的正确形式。 39. When people ______ (互动) with computers, information or instructions are exchanged. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】interact 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当人们与计算机交互时，信息或指令被交换。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据所给中文提示词，应是interact意为“互动”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为集体名词，为复数。故填interact。 40. Black coffee leaves a ______ (苦的，有苦味的) taste in the mouth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】bitter 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：黑咖啡在嘴里留下苦涩的味道。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词bitter，修饰名词taste，作定语。故填bitter。 41. Dreams can be a rich __________（来源） of inspiration for an artist.（根据汉语意思填空） 【答案】source; 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：梦想是艺术家灵感的丰富来源。分析句子结构，不定冠词a修饰名词，设空处需填名词“来源”作表语，根据汉语提示，用source意为“来源”，由填不定冠词修饰，用单数。故填source。 C．根据所给单词写出其正确形式。 42. ______ (consume) can buy cars from websites without ever going for a test drive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Consumers 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：消费者无需试驾就可以从网上购车。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，consume的名词形式是consumer意为“消费者”，根据句意，用复数形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Consumers。 43. It is reported that the factory ________ (typical) produces 500 chairs a week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】typically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：据报道，这家工厂通常每周生产500把椅子。分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰动词produces，typical的副词为typically“典型地，通常”。故填typically。 44. I thought the man was very ______ (attraction) and obviously very intelligent. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attractive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我觉得这个男人很有魅力，显然也很聪明。空处与intelligent并列，作表语，用attraction对应的形容词attractive，意思为：吸引人的。故填attractive。 45. He seemed to think that he should speak as a ______ (represent) at the conference. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】representative 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他似乎认为他应该作为代表在会议上发言。空前是不定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，represent的名词形式是representative，根据a可知，用单数形式。故填representative。 第三节 单句语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(填入一个或一个以上的单词) 46. The house has belonged ________ her family for three or four generations. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这房子是她家，已经有三四代了。belong to属于，动词短语，符合题意。故填to。 47. The athlete failed to win in the 100-meter race regardless of making ______ effort. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：这名运动员尽管付出了努力，但还是未能在100米赛跑中获胜。make an effort意思为：做出努力，为固定短语。故填an。 48. Breakfast is available to the fishermen ______ get up early and go fishing in the sea from 6 am. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who##that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：早餐提供给那些早上 6 点就起床去海里捕鱼的渔民。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the fishermen，作从句中的主语，表示人，可以用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 49. It can be rather ______ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与你信任的人分享你的感受是相当有益的。空处用形容词作表语，用benefit对应的形容词形式beneficial。故填beneficial。 50. The path ______ we are walking now leads to the mountain. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们现在走的那条小路通向那座山。设空处引导定语从句，先行词the path，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 51. She is keen on ______ (learn) how to play the piano, so she practices every day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】learning 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她热衷于学习弹钢琴，所以她每天都练习。空前on是介词，空处动词需用动名词形式learning作宾语。故填learning。 52. It was so noisy that we ______ not hear ourselves speak in the restaurant so we went outside to have a chat.(用正确的情态动词填空) 【答案】could 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：餐厅里太吵了，我们都听不见自己说话，所以我们到外面聊天。设空处填写情态动词与后文的not hear构成情态动词的否定结构。根据前文的was可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“能够”用can，其过去式是could。故填could。 53. She ran all the way up to the station, only ______ (find) that the train had left fifteen minutes before. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to find 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她一路跑到车站，却发现火车早在十五分钟前就开走了。此处是固定搭配：only to do意为“不料(却)……；结果(却)……”，不定式作结果状语。故填to find。 54. When someone brings ______ a child, they look after it until it is an adult. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：当有人抚养一个孩子，他们照顾他，直到他长大成人。此处是固定搭配：bring up意为“抚养”，符合语境。故填up 55. In the 1990s, the singer ______ (regard) as a representative of the youth of her generation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was regarded 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在20世纪90年代，这位歌手被认为是她那一代年轻人的代表。空处作谓语，根据In the 1990s可知，描述过去的事情，且主语the singer为单数，与regard构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was regarded。 56. Her own ______ (interpret) of the facts may be open to doubt. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】interpretation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她自己对事实的解释可能值得怀疑。空处作主语，用interpret对应的名词interpretation。故填interpretation。 57. There will be many tasks for them ______ (complete) next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to complete 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下个月他们将有许多任务要完成。空处修饰tasks，表示将要做的事情，complete与tasks构成动宾关系，此处用不定式作后置定语。故填to complete。 58. We ______ as well take the subway to get there since the traffic is so bad.(用正确的情态动词填空) 【答案】may##might 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：既然交通如此拥挤，我们还是乘地铁去吧。此处是固定搭配：may as well或者might as well‌意为“只好（做）；（做……）也无妨”。故填may或者might。 59. The fire from ______ the family was saved was put out within an hour by the firefighters. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：消防队员在一小时内扑灭了那场大火，使这家人得救。空处与from构成“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为the fire，作从句中from的宾语，表示物，用which。故填which。 60. She’s not only a great dramatic actress ______ she’s also very funny. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：她不仅是一个伟大的戏剧演员，而且她也很有趣。not only…but also…为固定连接结构，意思为：不仅……而且……。空处缺少but。故填but。 第四节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My high school life was a very fulfilling one. Besides studying in class, I got a part-time job at a local coffee shop ____61____ location was not far from our school. I hoped it would be easy, and for the most part, without any ____62____ (tense). I imagined myself pouring coffee and becoming close friends with my customers. But what I hadn’t expected was the people with so many orders and the moments when I couldn’t seem to please anyone. There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or not enough skim milk. However, I kept at it. I had the determination ____63____ (treat) the customers well. One customer was angry and shouted at me because his coffee was hot. After he ____64____ (reflect) on the matter for some time, ____65____ (incredible) he said he regretted and ____66____ not have shouted at me because it was not my fault. One day with Christmas around ____67____ corner, one of my customers dropped in, seeming very sad. I thought I had better ____68____ (offer) him something to improve his mood. Before he left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee. He looked at me questioningly because he had ordered nothing but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw his favourite doughnut (甜甜圈) I had offered to him. He smiled and thanked me before stepping out into the rain. The next evening, he came. Instead of ordering something, he handed me a single pink rose and a note. “Thanks for being so sweet and considerate yesterday. Your kind act prevented me ____69____ taking a bad step. It is so nice to meet someone who is warm.” As time went on, I came across some customers really particular. But whenever I felt down, I would remember that man and his kindness. Then I would smile, hold my head up high, clear my throat and ask politely, “How can I help you?” The ____70____ (exist) of myself was to make others live better. 【答案】61. whose 62. tension 63. to treat 64. had reflected##reflected 65. incredibly 66. should 67. the 68. offer 69. from 70. existence 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在咖啡店做兼职的所遇所闻所感。 【61题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：除了在课堂上学习，我还在当地一家离学校不远的咖啡店做兼职。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a local coffee shop，作从句中location的定语，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：我希望它会很容易，而且在大多数情况下，没有任何紧张情况。空处作介词without的宾语，用名词，tense对应的名词为tension，为不可数名词，故填tension。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我决心好好为顾客服务。空处修饰the determination，用不定式结构作后置定语。故填to treat。 【64题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他对这件事思考了一段时间后，令人难以置信的是，他说他后悔了，不应该对我大喊大叫，因为这不是我的错。空处作从句的谓语，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式reflected；也可以强调反思这件事发生在说之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had reflected/reflected。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰后面的句子，用副词作状语。故填incredibly。 【66题详解】 考查情态动词。句意同上。根据句意及not have shouted可知，此处表示“本不应该做”，用情态动词should。故填should。 【67题详解】 考查冠词。句意：圣诞节即将来临一天，我的一个顾客来拜访我，看起来很伤心。around the corner意思为：即将来临，为固定短语。故填the。 【68题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：我想我最好给他点东西来让他的心情好一点。had better后用动词原形。故填offer。 【69题详解】 考查介词。句意：你的善举阻止了我迈出错误的一步。prevent sb. from doing sth.意思为：阻止某人做某事，空处缺少介词from。故填from。 【70题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的存在是为了让别人活得更好。空处作主语，用exist对应的名词existence，为不可数名词，故填existence。 第四部分 写作(满分15分) 71. 假定你是李华，你的加拿大网友Henry喜欢中国美食，他打算尝试学做中国美食。他给你发来电子邮件寻求建议，内容包括： 1.美食名称; 2.推荐原因; 3.表示愿望。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Henry, How are things going with you? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Henry, How are things going with you? I’m pleased to know you intend to learn to cook Chinese cuisine. I think fried rice is your best choice. Fried rice is eaten as a main dish. It is flavorful and is easy to learn to cook. Fried rice is made with rice and many other ingredients that you can choose to suit your preferences, such as pork, beef, chicken, eggs, or vegetables. It is a fast meal because it can not only be ready quickly, but also requires a minimal amount of preparation. I hope my recommendation will be helpful. May you have a good time learning it! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给喜欢美食的加拿大网友Henry建议制作中国美食。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：pleased→delighted 选择：choice→option 制作：make→produce 建议：recommendation→advice 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Fried rice is eaten as a main dish. It is flavorful and is easy to learn to cook. 拓展句：Fried rice is eaten as a main dish, which is flavorful and easy to learn to cook. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Fried rice is made with rice and many other ingredients that you can choose to suit your preferences, such as pork, beef, chicken, eggs, or vegetables.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It is a fast meal because it can not only be ready quickly, but also requires a minimal amount of preparation.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 1～5 CABAC 6～10 BAACA 11～15 BCCBA 16～20 BCBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$