Unit2 Section Ⅱ Using language-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Using language I read a report last night.The content was ①that a lot of people died in a traffic accident.But the reason why I was sad is not ②that the accident caused great damage.What astonished me most is ③that some babies lost their lives.That's ④what I want to remind.However, the problem is ⑤whether the government has taken some measures to deal with it and ⑥how we can help reduce similar accidents.My suggestion is ⑦that we should obey the traffic rules.That's ⑧because we should be responsible for ourselves, as well as others. 1．以上黑体部分均是表语从句。一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。 2．以上八个从句的连接词分别为that, that, that, what, whether, how, that, because; 其中that和whether只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分；what在从句中作宾语；how在从句中作状语；because引导的表语从句强调原因。 表语从句 一、表语从句概述 在主从复合句中充当表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它常位于系动词之后，用来说明主语是什么或怎么样。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, seem, look, sound, taste, feel, remain, appear等。 What he wants to know is whether Mrs Smith can help polish his composition. 他想知道的是史密斯夫人是否能帮他润色作文。 二、表语从句的连接词 项目 从属连词 功能 连接词 that, whether 不充当成分 连接代词 what, whom, who,which, whose 主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 when, where, why, how 状语 1.连接词引导的表语从句 ①The girl's greatest fault is that she is too uncomplicated. 那个女孩最大的缺点是太单纯。 ②The point is whether we can find a bag resembling the old one. 关键是我们能否找到一个和旧包相似的包。 【点拨】　①连词 that无意义，不充当成分，且不可省略； ②whether可引导表语从句，一般不用if代替，在从句中不充当成分，意思是“是否”。 2．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句 ①The artisan in our hometown is no longer what he was. 我们家乡的那位工匠不再是从前的样子了。 ②The most important issue is who will be in charge of the project in such harsh conditions. 最重要的问题是谁将在如此恶劣的条件下负责这个项目。 ③The problem is how we can handle the difficult situation. 问题是我们如何才能处理这一困难的局面。 ④That's where the famous astronomer is wrong. 那就是这位著名的天文学家不对的地方。 ————即学即练1———— Ⅰ.用适当的从属连词填空 ①Without his support, we wouldn't be where we are now. ②The question is whether I can persuade him to give up the foolish idea. ③The reason for his success is that he works hard. ④My trouble is who/whom I can turn to. Ⅱ.完成句子 ①去把外套拿来，就在你原来放的地方。 Go and get your coat.It's where you left it． ②问题是我们是否还需要一些冰激凌。 The question is whether we need more ice cream． ③问题是谁能做这项工作。 The problem was who could do the work． 三、使用表语从句的注意事项 1．表语从句采用陈述语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语” ①The problem is who we can get to replace her.(表语从句中的陈述语序) 问题是我们能找到谁代替她。 ②My suggestion is that he should adapt himself to his new conditions. 我的建议是他应该让自己适应新的环境。 2．why和because引导的表语从句的区别 That's why... 意为“那是……的原因”，强调结果 That's because... 意为“那是因为……”，强调原因 The reason why...is that... 意为“……的原因是……”，此处why引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句 ①He always finds fault with me and that's why I get angry with him. 他总是找我茬。那就是我生他气的原因。 ②I get angry with him, and that's because he always finds fault with me. 我对他很生气。那是因为他总是找我茬。 ③The reason why I get angry with him is that he always finds fault with me. 我对他生气的原因是他总是找我茬。 3．that 和 what 的区别 that 引导表语从句时，是连接词，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用；what是连接代词，引导表语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 ①That was what was bothering her on the way to school yesterday. 那就是昨天上学路上困扰她的事情。 ②Apparently, the problem is that the girl lacks confidence while expressing herself. 很显然，问题是这个女孩在表达自己时缺乏信心。 4．as if/though引导的表语从句，从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。 ①The meat tastes as if it has already gone bad. 这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。 ②Though in his sixties, he looks as if he were very young. 尽管60多岁了，他看上去很年轻。 5．表语从句中的虚拟语气 如果主语是advice, suggestion, proposal, request, order等时，表语从句谓语动词的形式：(should＋)动词原形。 My suggestion is that you (should) take in foods high in protein. 我的建议是你应该摄入富含蛋白质的食物。 ————即学即练2———— Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ①Her request is that the doctor (should) be sent (send) for at once. ②It sounds as if someone is knocking (knock) at the door. ③The reason why I'm late is because I missed the bus. ④This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. Ⅱ.完成句子 ①我既没雨衣也没雨伞，这就是我浑身上下都淋湿的原因。 I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That's why I got wet through． ②——你看起来很累。 ——那可能是因为我昨天晚上没睡好。 —You look tired. —That may be because I didn't have a good sleep last night． ③我们老师给的建议是我们应该每天练习读英语。 The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday． ④这个好心人仿佛试图在最后这堂课上把他知道的全部知识教给我们。 It seemed as if the good man was trying to teach us all he knew at the last lesson. trial n．试验；审判，审讯；考验 by trial and error 反复试验(以得出最佳结果) be on trial 在试验中；在受审中 bring sb.to trial 使某人受审 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We go through all the trials (trial) and hardships that come with family life. ②We had the machine on trial for a week. ③这就是说，只有不断尝试并犯错之后，才能取得进步。 That means progress will be made only by trial and error． allow for 将……计算在内；考虑到；容许 allow v．准许；给予 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow sb.sth. 给予某人某物 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He is not allowed to stay (stay) out late. ②We don't allow smoking (smoke) in this meeting room. ③把路上可能的耽搁算进去，大约一个小时可到那里。 It takes about an hour to get there, allowing for possible traffic delays． ④你们有一个小时的时间来完成这次测验。 You're allowed an hour to complete the test. contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿 (1)contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；导致；投稿 contribute sth.to... 把某物捐献给……；投稿 (2)contribution n．捐献；贡献 make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road Initiative. ②Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions (contribute) to the class. ③Every citizen should make contributions to protecting (protect) the environment. ④在我看来，没有什么比打排球更好的了，打排球有助于我们学会与他人合作。 As far as I'm concerned, there is nothing better than playing volleyball, which contributes to our cooperating with others． 【点拨】　contribute to和make a contribution/contributions to中的to都是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。 keep (on) doing 继续做某事；反复做某事 keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 keep sb.doing sth. 使某人一直做某事 keep sb.busy (in) doing sth. 使某人忙于做某事 【练透】　单句语法填空/翻译句子 ①The teacher kept on asking (ask) the students questions until the bell rang. ②One exam after another keeps the students busy in reviewing their lessons all day. ③Don't keep your mother waiting (wait) outside in the rain. ④不要灰心，继续努力。 Don't give up hope; keep on trying. (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.选词填空(每题2分，共16分) back down, think outside the box, break new ground, by trial and error, contribute to，allow for, on a daily basis, a desire for 1．I realized that I was right, so I wouldn't back down in spite of much difficulty. 2．The teacher always encourages us to think outside the box when it comes to our research. 3．This book will break new ground in the field of English Literature. 4．You can learn how to use it properly by trial and error． 5．Attractive store displays can create a desire for the goods. 6．However, we still require information on a daily basis—now more than ever. 7．When arranging our work, we should allow for unforeseen circumstances. 8．Having a better command of English can contribute to our reading original works. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1分，共10分) 1．The reason for your mistake is that you lack confidence in yourself. 2．This is how they overcome the difficulties. 3．The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal. 4．My worry is whether she will like the gift. 5．Tom left immediately.That's because he only had 10 minutes to get to his next job! 6．The reason why he failed the exam is that he hadn't worked hard. 7．My suggestion is that we go and help him. 8．The problem is that I don't look any different from others. 9．His suggestion is that the thief (should) be sent (send) to the police station. 10．The problem is who is responsible for the accident. Ⅲ.链接写作——完成句子(每题3分，共15分) 1．我的建议是，学生在学习英语时应该尝试多种方法，这样他们才能找到最适合自己的。(2022·全国乙卷应用文) My suggestion is that students should try multiple ways when learning English so that they can find the way which fits them most. 2．雨季最令人愉快的事情是，一个人可以完全不受灰尘的侵扰。 The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust． 3．我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。 My suggestion is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible. 4．他过去是个胆小又书呆子气的男孩，但现在他已经不是几年前的样子了。 He used to be a timid and bookish boy, but now he is not what he was a few years ago． 5．当把一部分铅笔插入装有水的玻璃杯中时，看上去就好像铅笔断了。 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken． Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题3.5分，共14分) In the summer of 2019, a beautiful Tibetan thangka (唐卡) came to the British Museum's Hirayama Studio.It was in poor condition, with light­damaged silk borders and cracked paint, so it needed to be treated by conservators before it could be displayed safely in the upcoming exhibition.The scientific analysis carried out during conservation helped to find out more about this devotional object and its origins. Thangkas are handy objects with a central painted image, usually painted on a piece of cotton cloth prepared with a ground layer (层), surrounded by highly decorative silk borders. Wooden bars are attached to the top and bottom to allow for hanging and a silk covering protects the image.Thangkas traditionally stored are rolled (卷起) and then unrolled for display—this causes damage to the paint layer and textile (纺织物) over time. At the British Museum, we took a comprehensive approach to treating thangkas and used contemporary conservation techniques.The first step was to carefully unpick the stitching that joins the silk border to the painting.The borders were then separated from the painting so the delicate silk could be stabilised.To our delight, this revealed colourful pigment (颜料) tests in the margins (边缘) around the painting. During preliminary examinations of the painting, we observed extensive underdrawing in areas where the pigment had been lost.Scientific imaging was carried out to investigate the full underdrawings, as well as to determine the nature of the pigments in the painting and how they related to the pigment tests in the margins.Further reworkings were revealed using X­radiography. Following scientific analysis, pigment stabilisation was carried out to re­attach any loose media to the cloth support below.To complete the treatment, the border and painting were stitched back together. All of these studies and examinations were crucial in planning and carrying out an effective treatment of this spiritual piece.The work means that the thangka can be enjoyed in all its brilliance on exhibition. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章介绍了2019年一件被送往大英博物馆的唐卡艺术品的修复过程。 1．Why was the Tibetan thangka shipped to Britain? A．It was given as a gift to the British. B．It needed professional conservation. C．It was the object of a scientific analysis. D．It would be on display at the British Museum. 解析：选D。细节理解题。由第一段中的“so it needed to be...in the upcoming exhibition”和最后一段中的“the thangka can be enjoyed in all its brilliance on exhibition”可知，这件唐卡作品运到英国是为了在大英博物馆展出。 2．What can be implied about Thangkas? A．They are intended for frequent handling. B．Their silk ground layer is highly decorative. C．Their being unrolled for display is a ceremonial process. D．They are a combination of painting and textile craftsmanship. 解析：选D。推理判断题。由第二段中的“Thangkas are handy objects...decorative silk borders”和“a silk covering protects the image”可推知，唐卡艺术是绘画和纺织技艺的结合。 3．What was the opening move during the conservation treatment? A．Investigating the full underdrawings. B．Identifying the nature of the pigments. C．Separating the border and the painting. D．Doing pigment experiments in the margins. 解析：选C。细节理解题。由第三段中的“The first step was to...the painting.”可知，保护过程的第一步是将丝绸边缘与画作分离开。 4．How is the last but one paragraph mainly developed? A．By giving examples. B．By analysing causes. C．By describing a process. D．By making a comparison. 解析：选C。文章结构题。由倒数第二段中的During preliminary examinations、Further reworkings were revealed、Following scientific analysis和To complete the treatment可知，该段主要以描述唐卡艺术作品的处理过程展开。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每题2分，共30分) When I was a kid, I would ask my mom why she and my father had to work.She would always tell me that they had to, so we could 1 to buy food, to pay for the bills, or to pay for our schooling.Although they were 2 at the office 5 days a week, they still 3 time to look after us and teach us our lessons in the evening.They didn't 4 us to seek after honors, but we were motivated enough to study hard.It was our 5 of repaying our parents who never complained about working. My parents taught me that one has to work in order to live a good life.They 6 ， however, that this should not be taken as having to 7 just to work! They said that work should not 8 one's whole existence.And this was their life 9 ．At the end of the work day, they would leave all their problems 10 to work in the office so that at home they could be devoted to us 100%, no 11 ．I must say that I agree with them. There's nothing wrong with 12 at work.Keep in mind that your 13 is your loved ones, not your work.Everybody 14 to be happy and I hope that everyone grows old without any 15 in life. [语篇解读]本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者父母如何看待工作的人生哲学，告诉我们一个人为了过上好的生活必须工作，但是不应该为了工作而生活。生活中最重要的是我们所爱的人，而不是工作。 1． A．desire B．offer C．promise D．afford 解析：选D。根据“to pay for the bills，or to pay for our schooling”可知，此处和pay for对应，意为“付得起”。故选D。 2． A．cautious B．busy C．tense D．comfortable 解析：选B。根据“at the office 5 days a week”可知，每周五天的工作很繁忙。故选B。 3． A．changed B．spared C．killed D．increased 解析：选B。根据“to look after us and teach us our lessons in the evening”可知，此处表示父母会抽出(spared)时间照顾我们，在晚上教我们功课，故选B。 4． A．permit B．remind C．warn D．pressure 解析：选D。根据“but we were motivated enough to study hard”可知，上文提到他们没有强迫我们去追求荣誉，但我们有足够的动力去努力学习。故选D。 5． A．cause B．trick C．way D．habit 解析：选C。根据“but we were motivated enough to study hard”可知，“有足够的动力去努力学习”是报答父母的方式。故选C。 6． A．understood B．ignored C．stressed D．recalled 解析：选C。由后文“this should not be taken as having to 7 just to work”可知，这是父母强调的内容。故选C。 7． A．dream B．tolerate C．play D．live 解析：选D。上文提到父母教育作者为了过上好生活应努力工作，由此可知父母同样强调生活中不应该只有工作。故选D。 8． A．occupy B．threaten C．confirm D．prove 解析：选A。根据下文“Keep in mind that your 13 is your loved ones，not your work.”可知，工作不应该占据一个人的全部生活。故选A。 9． A．quality B．philosophy C．ability D．psychology 解析：选B。由上文提到的“工作不应该占据一个人的全部生活”可知，这是父母的人生哲学(philosophy)。故选B。 10．A．related B．introduced C．compared D．applied 解析：选A。根据“so that at home they could be devoted to us 100%”可知，他们会把所有与工作相关的问题留在办公室，这样在家里他们就能百分之百地关心我们。故选A。 11．A．heavier B．higher C．sadder D．less 解析：选D。根据“they could be devoted to us 100%”可知，此处表示一点也不会少地，百分之百地关心我们。故选D。 12．A．joking B．wandering C．struggling D．arguing 解析：选C。由句意可知，此处表示努力工作并没有错。故选C。 13．A．loss B．strength C．priority D．wisdom 解析：选C。由句意可知，你优先考虑的应是你所爱的人，而不是你的工作。故选C。priority“优先处理的事；最重要的事”。 14．A．deserves B．seems C．fails D．pretends 解析：选A。每个人都应该快乐，作者希望每个人都能无怨无悔地老去。故选A。 15．A．doubt B．regret C．mistake D．hesitation 解析：选B。根据上文“Keep in mind that your 13 is your loved ones，not your work.”可知，作者希望每个人在年轻的时候都能关注到自己最爱的人，都能无怨无悔地老去。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) (2024·河北保定市高二下期中)A pair of scissors, a piece of paper, and a pair of dexterous (灵巧的) hands.That's 1. is needed to create delicate works of paper­cuttings. 2． (originate) in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, this ancient form of art has not only survived through generations but has also become 3. important part of Chinese culture.It is often associated with the 4. (celebrate) of the Spring Festival, where complex patterns of the 12 Chinese zodiac animals 5. (create) to bring good luck and fortune for the new year. The art of paper­cuttings goes beyond mere craftsmanship.It is a form of expression deeply 6. (root) in Chinese history and tradition.Artists, without the need for any drawn draft, use their imagination to create 7. (vary) patterns and images with scissors.Animals, flowers, mythological and historical figures are meticulously (细致地) cut and carved, each carrying its own symbolism and meanings. Today, paper­cuttings continue to decorate Chinese homes, 8. (especial) during the Spring Festival.The windows and walls come alive with vibrant patterns and scenes of family reunions and temple fairs.It serves 9. a reminder of the rich cultural heritage that the Chinese people cherish 10. pass down from one generation to another. [语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国剪纸文化的起源、工艺和文化意义。 1．解析：what。考查名词性从句。句意：这是制作精美的剪纸作品所需要的。分析句子可知，空处缺少表语从句引导词，从句部分缺少主语，表示事物，用连接代词what引导从句。 2．解析：Originating。考查非谓语动词。句意：这种古老的艺术形式起源于南北朝，不仅代代相传，而且已成为中国文化的重要组成部分。分析句子可知，空处用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语this ancient form of art与originate构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作状语，放在句首，首字母大写。 3．解析：an。考查冠词。句意见上一题。part为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个重要的部分”，important以元音音素开始发音，不定冠词用an。 4．解析：celebration。考查名词。句意：它通常与春节的庆祝活动联系在一起，在春节里，十二生肖动物的复杂图案被创造出来，为新的一年带来好运和财富。空处作介词with的宾语，用名词celebration，此处使用该单词的不可数含义“庆祝”。故填celebration。 5．解析：are created。考查动词的时态和语态。句意见上一题。where引导定语从句，空处缺少谓语，主语animals与create为被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为复数。故填are created。 6．解析：rooted。考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一种深深植根于中国历史和传统的表达方式。空处修饰expression作后置定语，expression与root构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词作定语。故填rooted。 7．解析：various/varied。考查形容词。句意：艺术家不需要任何草稿，利用他们的想象力，用剪刀创造各种图案和图像。空处缺少形容词作定语，表示“各种各样的”，用vary对应的形容词various/varied。故填various/varied。 8．解析：especially。考查副词。句意：今天，剪纸继续装饰中国的家庭，特别是在春节期间。空处作状语，表示“尤其”用especially。故填especially。 9．解析：as。考查介词。句意：它提醒着人们中国人民世代珍惜并代代相传的丰富文化遗产。serve as意思为：作为，充当，为固定短语。故填as。 10．解析：and。考查连词。cherish与pass down为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$