Unit2 Section Ⅰ Starting out-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 速读明大意 Ⅰ.Skim the text and fill in the blanks. Ⅱ.What's the main idea of the text? The main idea of the text is to introduce Bill Cunningham and explain why he was so great． 精读知细节 Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．What is the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 1? A．To show great respect for the old man. B．To prove the popularity of the old man. C．To attract readers' interest in the old man. D．To provide suggestions for recognising the old man. 2．What made Cunningham so great and unique? A．His uncomplicated approach to life. B．His wide range of contacts and connections. C．His expensive, technologically­advanced equipment. D．His ability to find beauty in simple, everyday scenes. 3．Why does the author say Cunningham was a “cultural anthropologist”？ A．He never accepted the benefits offered to him. B．His photos recorded the life of a city and its people. C．He always knew where fashionable parties were held. D．His passion for photography lasted throughout his life. 4．What message does the author most want to give us? A．Having a goal is vital to success. B．It is the first step that costs the most. C．When one door shuts, another opens. D．Devotion and hard work make a great man. 5．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text? 答案：1～5　CDBDB 读后悟考点 Ⅰ.扫词汇障碍 熟 词 生 义 event (Para.3) (常见义) n．事件→(文章义) n．活动 inspiration (Para.3) (常见义) n．激励，鼓舞；鼓舞人心的人或事→(文章义) n．灵感 ride (Para.3) (常见义) v．骑→(文章义) v．乘坐 put (Para.4) (常见义) v．放置→(文章义) v．投入 right (Para.4) (常见义) adj.正确的 n．权利→(文章义) adj.合适的 approach (Para.5) (常见义) v．/n.接近，临近→(文章义) n．方法，方式 value (Para.6) (常见义) n．价值→(文章义) v．重视，珍视 last (Para.7) (常见义) adj.最后的→(文章义) v．持续 Ⅱ.破译长难句 [教材1]　Through his fascination with what people were wearing, and not who they were, he opened the doors of fashion to everyone— fashion as he saw it belonged to the people, not just to high society and big brands. [分析]　Through his fascination with what people were wearing, and not who they were为介词短语作状语，其中介词with后面是what 和 who引导的两个并列的宾语从句。as he saw it为方式状语从句。 [翻译]　他通过自己对人们穿着的迷恋，而不是这些人是谁，为每个人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于大众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。 [教材2]　Moreover, what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work. [分析]　句中what made Cunningham great为what引导的主语从句，he put into his work为省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词hard work。 [翻译]　此外，使坎宁安伟大的是他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的大量的时间和精力。 [教材3]　His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer— he was a “cultural anthropologist”， who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century. [分析]　句中more than a fashion photographer是名词短语作made的宾语补足语；破折号后为主从复合句，其中who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century为who引导的定语从句修饰先行词 anthropologist。 [翻译]　他的辛勤工作不仅让他成为一名时尚摄影师——他更是一位“文化人类学家”，我们感谢他记录了整个城市及其人民长达半个世纪的生活。 Ⅲ.学表达技巧 场景描写 [教材1]　A white­haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York, always wearing the same blue worker's jacket and simple black running shoes. [分析]　句中的A white­haired old man和wearing the same blue worker's jacket and simple black running shoes描写了老人的外貌及着装，同时呈现了老人骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约街头穿梭的动态画面，形象具体地展示出摄影大师比尔·坎宁安日常在纽约街头工作的场景。 [仿写]　尝试用场景描写补全句子 空气中弥漫着烤得最好的面包的香味，顾客们立刻奔向面包店，使得街上拥挤不堪。 The air smelled of the best bread baked, and customers immediately rushed to the bakery, making the street crowded. 心理描写 [教材2]Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening, Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan. [分析]　句子突出了比尔·坎宁安内心中所有人都是他的拍摄对象，所有人都平等的心理状态。 [仿写]　尝试用心理描写补全句子 接受这个奖的时候，我是如此激动以至于我热泪盈眶。 When taking up the award, I was so excited that tears welled up in my eyes． 修辞手法 [教材3]　Bill Cunningham was an observer, and not one of the observed, a worker not a star—and this was how he wanted it. [分析]　句子使用了对比修辞，说比尔·坎宁安是一位观察者，而不是一位被观察者，是一名劳动者而不是一个明星，对其身份进行界定，生动形象地总结了比尔·坎宁安的工作观点和态度。 [仿写]　尝试用对比修辞补全句子 有一条古老谚语说到，“积小利，成巨富。” As an old saying goes, “Small gains bring great wealth．” 过渡衔接 [教材4]　Through his fascination with what people were wearing, and not who they were, he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged to the people, not just to high society and big brands. [分析]　句中先是运用衔接词and连接what people were wearing与not who they were作介词with的并列宾语，然后用as引导从句说明原因，其中not just表示to high society and big brands与to the people为平行结构。常用的衔接词还有：also, first, besides, finally等。 [仿写]　选用左栏的过渡词补全语段 First, we got a glimpse of various aesthetic masterpieces from Chinese calligraphy to Irish paintings, and the festival also unfolded the two countries' profound history. Besides, I truly understand that geographical separation does not necessarily bring about cultural conflicts. 高频词汇练全 fascination n．着迷，迷恋→fascinate v．深深吸引；迷住 (1)hold/have a fascination for sb. 对某人有吸引力 in fascination 入迷地，迷恋地 (2)fascinate sb. 使某人着迷；深深吸引某人 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Fascinated (fascinate) by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. ②As the old man told the story，the girls listened in fascination，imagining what would happen next. ③水对多数孩子都有极大的吸引力。 Water holds a fascination for most children. fashion n．时尚→fashionable adj.时髦的 in fashion 流行 out of fashion 过时 come into fashion 流行起来，开始风行 follow (the) fashion 赶时髦 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Jeans are still in fashion in many big cities among the young. ②As new words come into fashion, some old ones are disappearing. ③那些爱赶时髦的人发现他们曾以为的时髦很快过时了。 Those who like following (the) fashion find what they have thought fashionable out of fashion soon. approach to 做……的方法(或途径) (1)approach v．& n．(在距离或时间上)靠近，接近 n．方式，方法 be approaching 正在/将要接近 with...approaching 在……快到的时候 approach sth./sb. 接近某物/某人 (2)at the approach of 在快到……的时候 adopt a different approach to 采取另一种方式 【练透】　单句语法填空/词汇、句式升级/完成句子 ①It is acknowledged that the only approach to solving (solve) the problem is giving him a helping hand immediately. ②At the meeting, they discussed three different approaches (approach) to the study of maths. ③As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near, some students are getting more and more nervous. →With the College Entrance Examination approaching/around the corner, some students are getting more and more nervous.(with 复合结构) ④当我们接近农场时，我们看到了一个模糊的身影，那是焦急地等待我们的保罗叔叔。 As we were approaching the farm, we saw a dim figure, which turned out to be Uncle Paul, who was waiting for us anxiously. 【点拨】　way, method 和 means 都有“方式，方法”之意，常和介词of连用，而approach常和介词to连用。 中频词汇练会 Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境选出pose的含义 A． vi.(为画像、摄影)摆好姿势　 B．vt.造成(威胁、问题等)　 C．vt.提问；质询　 D．n.姿势 ①This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry. B ②When I finally posed the question, “Why？” he merely shrugged. C ③Before going into their meeting the six foreign ministers posed for photographs. A ④He adopted a relaxed pose for the camera. D Ⅱ.熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①All the furniture is crafted from natural materials.vt.精心制作 ②We are becoming one of the market leaders in the fashion industry.n.时装业 ③The success of her book has given her unexpected celebrity status.n.名声，名望 重点句式练透 句型公式：强调句型 教材原文：These things were real，and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential. 这些东西都是真实的，在这种真实中，坎宁安看到了美和潜力。 (1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。多用于强调句子主语、宾语和状语； (2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ (3)强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ (4)not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that... 【练透】　完成句子/句型转换 ①正是你慷慨的帮助，我坚信我会很快地适应大学生活的。 It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. ②史密斯先生很生气是因为杰克上学迟到吗？ Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr.Smith got angry? ③是什么使他父母这么高兴？ What was it that made his parents so happy? ④She didn't mention her own plan until near the end of the letter. →It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan．(强调句) 【点拨】　(1)判断是否是强调句的方法：将It is/was...that全部去掉以后，如果剩余的部分还是一个完整的句子，那就说明是强调句。 (2)强调句型不能用来强调谓语动词，对谓语动词的强调一般是在动词前加do, does, did。 句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句 教材原文：He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered. 他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。 句中的 no matter how相当于however，引导让步状语从句。 (1)no matter 与 what, who, whom, which, where, when, how 等疑问词连用，只能引导让步状语从句，可换成疑问词＋­ever。 (2)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever等既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。 【练透】　完成句子 ①只有我们言行一致，才能对所做的事情有所贡献。 Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish． ②无论你选择去哪里旅行，你一定会体验到中国的传统文化。 No matter where/Wherever you choose to travel, you are bound to experience the traditional Chinese culture. ③无论结果怎样，我们都要微笑着接受，因为我们已经尽全力了。 No matter what/Whatever the result is, we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best. (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每题1分，共8分) 1．Why can't I have an uncomplicated (简朴的) life? 2．She learned her craft (手艺) from an old master. 3．The lens (镜头) of this camera can be pulled back and forth. 4．The artist who is experienced in painting posed (使摆好姿势) his model carefully. 5．Grocery (食品杂货店) stores have to offer enough specials to bring people into the store. 6．She dreamed of flying away to unusual faraway (遥远的) places. 7．Joanna has finally made it to the first rank of celebrity (名人) after 25 years as an actress. 8．The fascination (魅力) of the game lies in trying to guess what your opponent is thinking. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) 1．In her letter，she painted a fascinating (fascinate) picture of her life in London. 2．Some students don't like fashionable (fashion) uniforms because they don't want to spend so much money on them. 3．Locking up the chickens does nothing more than keep them off the fields. 4．Attention was focused on what was needed to obtain the required answer. 5．Down the east coast of the US is a wide range of mountains，the Appalachians. 6．We need to take a different approach to the problem. 7．When the news that the scientist passed away was reported, all the people were very sad. 8．They are determined to go into the dark cave, regardless of my warning of danger. 9．Models often pose for pictures that get posted online for stores to showcase their products. 10．These plants belong to the same group though they are different in appearance. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——申请加入学校摄影俱乐部)(每题4分，共20分) 1．了解到摄影俱乐部正在招募新成员，我非常愿意加入。 Knowing the photography club is recruiting new members, I am more than willing to join it.(more than) 2．对摄影的浓厚兴趣使我专注于我的技艺，使我能够捕捉到许多独特的照片。 Keen interest in photography keeps me focused on my craft, enabling me to capture many unique pictures．(现在分词作状语) 3．我已拍了很多照片，从校园风光到宿舍生活都有。 I have taken a number of pictures, ranging from campus scenery to dormitory life．(range from...to...) 4．正是我作为业余摄影师的经历和对摄影的热情使我有资格成为俱乐部的成员。 It is my experience as an amateur photographer and my passion for photography that make me qualified to be a member of the club.(强调句型) 5．无论遇到什么困难，我都不会放弃，我会不遗余力地拍摄我想要的照片。 No matter what difficulties I meet, I will never give up and spare no effort to take photos I want.(no matter＋疑问词) Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) Bill Cunningham was one of America's most influential photographers for over half a century.1.Wearing (wear) the same blue worker's jacket and simple black running shoes, he always used simple, cheap cameras and 2.took (take) pictures on the streets of New York. He found 3.inspiration (inspire) in simple, everyday scenes as they were real, and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.He believed fashion was about what people were wearing, not 4.who they were.In addition, what lifted Cunningham's work was his love of photography, and the long hours he put into his work.Rain 5.or shine, he would go out onto the streets of New York every day and not come back before he was satisfied.This dedication is what we see 6.reflected (reflect) in his photos. Although Cunningham was known around the world 7.as a fashion photographer, he lived in a plain apartment with a shared washroom and 8.usually (usual) had the same meal in a simple restaurant.This lack of self­interest kept Cunningham focused on his art and allowed him 9.to capture (capture) New York's unique street style.His passion for photography never weakened throughout his life, making 10.him (he) a “cultural anthropologist” rather than just a fashion photographer. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4分，共32分) A The Forbidden City is well known for being full of Chinese cultural and historical relics.But Masters in the Forbidden City (《我在故宫修文物》) does not just focus on the stories of the past.Instead，the documentary movie, which came out in Chinese cinemas on Dec.16, focuses on ordinary people—the restorers (修复者) of relics and antiquities (古董). The stories are told at a slow and relaxed pace, reflecting the restorers' work.Restoration of cultural relics and antiques can be time­consuming, and sometimes boring.Yet these restorers' patience and peace of mind are especially precious in a society where everything is changing so fast. “If you choose this job, you have to stand hours of work sitting on a chair.You need to be quiet and get used to being quiet，”says Wang Jin, an ancient clock repair expert. A touching part of the documentary is the spirit of craftsmanship (工艺) in the restorers.“Years of humdrum work requires not only skill，but also faith and spirit，” China Daily commented. “Looking for preciseness and perfection, devoting yourself to work, patience, endurance (忍耐)，loneliness...all these qualities come from the craftsman spirit.” But unlike the popular idea of serious experts who sit around being serious, the documentary shows off the enthusiasm of the restorers.They play their guitars and make jokes about each other after a long day of restoration work. One scene that has been very popular with Internet users features a young female restorer riding a bicycle through the empty Forbidden City on a Monday.While she is doing this, a narrator says，“The last person to do this was Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.” Masters in the Forbidden City has proved wrong many people's ideas about antique restorers, allowing them to realize that they are not old, dull professors, but people in their 40s, 30s and even 20s who can be quite pleasing to the eye. [语篇解读]本文是说明文，介绍了纪录片《我在故宫修文物》所反映出的中国古董修复师的工匠精神。在这个浮躁的社会中，他们的静心与平和更显珍贵。 1．According to the text, what's the main purpose of the documentary Masters in the Forbidden City? A．To show people how antiques are restored. B．To display relics seldom seen by ordinary people. C．To draw attention to Chinese antique restorers' lives. D．To praise the craftsmanship of Chinese antique restorers. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Instead，the documentary movie, which came out in Chinese cinemas on Dec.16, focuses on ordinary people—the restorers (修复者) of relics and antiquities (古董).”可知，纪录片《我在故宫修文物》的主要目的是让人们关注中国古董修复师的生活，故C项正确。 2．According to Wang Jin, we can learn that ． A．he often gets tired of his work B．there is no need to do restoration work fast C．antique restorers need to be patient and peaceful D．it takes years of hard work to adapt to antique restoration 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Yet these restorers' patience and peace of mind are especially precious in a society where everything is changing so fast.”可知，然而，在一个一切都在快速变化的社会中，这些修复师的耐心和内心的平静是特别宝贵的，随后王津的话就是解释这一点，在他看来，古董修复师需要耐心和平和，故C项正确。 3．The underlined word “humdrum” probably means “ ”． A．boring B．different C．relaxing D．unusual 解析：选A。词义猜测题。上文王津说如果你选择了古董修复师这份工作，你必须几个小时都坐在椅子上工作，你需要安静，并习惯安静，这是很单调的，再根据画线词后的“work requires not only skill，but also faith and spirit”可知，多年单调的工作不仅需要技巧，而且需要信念和精神。由此可知，画线词词义为“单调的”，故A项正确。 4．The bicycle­riding scene in the documentary is used to ． A．remind the audience of the last Qing emperor B．show the strange hobbies of young antique restorers C．encourage the young to consider a career in antique restoration in the future D．show that the documentary breaks from the old, dull image of antique restorers 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“allowing them to realize that they are not old, dull professors”可知，这部纪录片里骑自行车的场景被用来展示这部纪录片打破了古董修复师年迈、沉闷的形象，故D项正确。 B Raj Patel was 5, traveling with his family to India from England.A young girl, no older than 12, approached their car, carrying a crying baby, begging for money and food.“My parents embarrassingly pushed some money out to her from the window，” Patel says.“Since then, the journey has been to figure out why this stuff happens.” Upon returning to England, Patel decided to rent out his toys and raise money to stop hunger.It didn't take him long to realize his attempts would not fix the problem.While attending Oxford University, Patel had an idea to shift his major to mathematics, believing that mathematics could handle the crisis of hunger and poverty (贫困).But as he dived deeper into the topic, he learned the political and systemic side of the story.So he changed his undergraduate degree back to economics and added the study of philosophy and politics to his pursuits (事业). After graduation, he worked for the World Bank and the United Nations.But even that, he says, didn't lead to workable solutions (解决方案). His first book, Stuffed and Starved, was a breakout work written for a general audience. While living in Africa, Patel created a number of documentaries but none gained much popularity until he met Anita Chitaya, an activist in Bwabwa, a remote village in Malawi.Anita works with a local organization that has fought hunger in Malawi for decades.She helps farmers to experiment with crops to grow more nutritious food. Her story evolved into an 11­year project—The Ants & the Grasshopper, which earned the Moving Mountains Award. As the decade of research, filming and editing carries on, this drought­stricken village goes from being self­sufficient through sustainable farming practices to struggling to grow enough nutritious food and access clean, drinkable water.Climate change ended up being another part of the story. Patel knows that he needs to find other ways to reach audiences.He released a widely shared YouTube video about capitalism, chicken nuggets (鸡块) and the global hunger crisis.He's given 20­minute TED Talks that summarize the intentions of his books.No matter what gets thrown his way, Patel seems to course­correct in order to continue pursuing his mission. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。受小时候一次偶然经历的影响，Raj Patel一生致力于消除全球饥饿。 5．What excited Patel's pursuit of his career? A．A beggar­led crowd. B．A fund­raising event. C．A chance encounter with a needy girl. D．A narrow escape from a car accident. 解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段中的“Since then, the journey...this stuff happens”可知，此次旅行所见深深触动了Patel的内心，他从此踏上了研究饥饿与贫困之路。 6．Why did Patel shift his major to mathematics? A．He felt he was good at it. B．He disliked boring economic theories. C．He was eager to learn its political and systemic side. D．He considered it as a solution to the hunger and poverty crisis. 解析：选D。细节理解题。由第二段中的“Patel had an idea to shift...hunger and poverty”可知，Patel将专业转为数学的原因是他认为通过数学可以解决饥饿与贫困危机。 7．What is The Ants & the Grasshopper mainly about? A．Anita's journey to tackle food crisis. B．Causes of climate change in Malawi. C．Bwabwa's remarkable transformation. D．Patel's personal experience in Bwabwa. 解析：选A。细节理解题。由第四段的内容可知，The Ants & the Grasshopper的内容是以Anita的故事为基础的：她一直致力于帮助当地农民消除饥饿，解决严峻的粮食危机问题。 8．What did Patel do to attract more attention to global hunger? A．He shot funny videos. B．He made presentations. C．He cut the price of his books. D．He conducted collaborative research. 解析：选B。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“He's given 20­minute TED Talks that summarize the intentions of his books.”可知，Patel还通过发表演讲让更多的人关注全球饥饿问题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每题2分，共10分) (2024·济南外国语学校高二下期中) How to Stop Life Getting You Down There's a saying—“If you and everyone else threw your problems onto the pile, you'd take yours back immediately once you saw everyone else's”.1. Others are probably dealing with their own problems just like you.So when things start to get you down, how can you pick yourself back up? 2． If you're struggling or feeling down, always remember that you don't have to be alone.You don't need to be on your own, either.3. If you don't feel able to talk to friends or family, you'll find support groups that can provide you with ideas or at least listen to you.You'll also find that online forums (论坛) and social media sites can provide opportunities to connect and ask for help. Try out a new hobby.Hobbies don't just fill time; they also help to give you a sense of purpose.Try out a new sport, learn to dance or perhaps join a chess club.Many hobbies also provide opportunities for social interaction.4. Try to appreciate the little things.Those that have bounced back from a serious illness often state that they've been given a new chance of life and that they wake up each morning feeling grateful for just being able to wake up.5. Go out for dinner and make efforts to truly appreciate your meal or lie back on your bed, surrounded by total silence, and simply focus on how it feels to breathe and to relax.If you can't focus on the silence, you can instead choose background noise. A．Reach out. B．Turn to your friends or family. C．Bad experiences are part of life for us all. D．Friends will be happy to help and make you joyful. E．Enjoy the beauty of a flower or a simple sunny day. F．Talking and making new friends will raise your spirits. G．A new attitude to ordinary life can make you feel more positive. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。人生不可能一帆风顺。当生活开始让你感到沮丧时，怎么才能找回自己的积极状态呢？本篇提供一些防止生活让你沮丧的建议。 1．解析：选C。根据空后的“Others are probably dealing with their own problems just like you.”可推知，此处是说每个人都会遇到问题，处理难题的方式或许跟你一样。故C项“糟糕的经历是我们所有人生活的一部分”符合语境。 2．解析：选A。根据本段中的“always remember that you don't have to be alone”及“you'll find support groups that can provide you with ideas”可知，本段是说如果有问题不要一个人扛着，要向别人求助，故A项符合语境。 3．解析：选B。根据空前“You don't need to be on your own, either.”以及空后“If you don't feel able to talk to friends or family，you'll find support groups”可知，此处是说遇到问题不要一个人扛着，要向朋友或者家人求助，故B项符合语境。 4．解析：选F。根据空前一句“Many hobbies also provide opportunities for social interaction.”可知，此空可能会说明这样做的好处，故F项“交谈和结交新朋友会振奋你的精神”符合语境。 5．解析：选G。根据本段中的“they've been given a new chance of life and that they wake up each morning feeling grateful for just being able to wake up”以及空后的内容可知，空后的内容是对此空的进一步举例说明，故答案为G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$