Unit1 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Ⅰ.读文章细节 1．From the introduction of the novel，what kind of person do you think Esmeralda is? A．Cruel. B．Alone. C．Kind. D．Ugly. 2．What does the last word “it” probably refer to in Paragraph 1? A．Knock knees. B．Single eye. C．Fresh defect. D．Melancholy and gentleness. 3．How did Quasimodo know what Esmeralda said? A．By her lips and expression. B．By her way to move. C．By her daily activities. D．By her eyes and movements. 4．How did Quasimodo describe himself in the ninth paragraph? A．By giving examples. B．By providing data. C．By making comparisons. D．By telling a story. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Quasimodo shows his sadness and explains why he rescued Esmeralda. B．Quasimodo looks like a monster but he loves peace. C．Quasimodo tries to kidnap a beautiful lady，Esmeralda，but in vain. D．Quasimodo looks down on others' beautiful appearances. 答案：1～5　CCACA Ⅱ.学表达技巧 场景描写 [教材1]　Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments, as they considered their predicament in silence, she so graceful, he so repulsive. [分析]　句子中的黑体部分为我们呈现了一个画面：Esmeralda和Quasimodo一动不动持续了好一会儿， 沉默地思考着他们的处境，但是这两个人对比强烈，她是那么优雅，他是那么令人厌恶。该句生动形象地展现了一个带给人强烈视觉冲击的场景。 [仿写]　尝试用场景描写完成句子 ①沐浴在阳光下尽情享受美妙的风景，我们向目的地进发。 Bathed in the sunshine and feasting our eyes on the fantastic scenery, we headed for the destination. ②那是一条清澈的小溪，水流在狭窄的河道上欢快地奔跑着。 It was a clear little stream that ran quite merrily along on its narrow way. 心理描写 [教材2]　How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension. [分析]　该句诠释了Esmeralda怎么也想不到会有像Quasimodo这样怪模怪样的人的惊讶心理。 [仿写]　尝试用beyond完成句子 我不能理解怎么会有人写出如此糟糕的东西。 How anyone can write such rubbish is beyond my comprehension． 修辞手法 [教材3]　You, you are a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew, a birdsong, whilst I am something terrible, neither human nor beast. [分析]　句子使用了比喻修辞，Quasimodo将Esmeralda比作一缕阳光，一滴露珠，一声鸟鸣，生动形象地描述了Esmeralda在他的心中是多么美好。 [仿写]　尝试用比喻修辞完成句子 Jenny控制不住内心的喜悦，像小兔子一样蹦蹦跳跳进了家门。 Jenny couldn't resist her inner joy, bouncing and jumping into the house like a little rabbit． 情绪描写 [教材4]　A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo, but did not fall.He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay. [分析]　一滴眼泪在Quasimodo的眼里打转， 但没有掉下来。似乎眼泪不落下来的话，他就可以维护自己的尊严。本句以眼泪为媒介，来描写Quasimodo对Esmeralda的感激。 [仿写]　尝试用情绪描写完成句子 当母亲亲吻婴儿的脸颊时，他的脸上溢满笑容，灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间。 When the mother kissed the baby on the cheek, his face beamed and his bright smile lit up the room． 高频词汇练全 out of mercy 出于怜悯 (1)mercy n． 仁慈；宽恕 have mercy on.../show mercy to... 宽恕/怜悯…… ask/beg for mercy 请求/乞求宽恕 without mercy 无情地，毫不留情地 at the mercy of 任……处置，任由……摆布 (2)merciful adj.仁慈的，宽恕的 be merciful to 对……仁慈 【练透】　完成片段 当时，穷人被无情地压榨，甚至连他们的生命都受到国王的摆布。虽然史密斯一家并不富裕，但他们怜悯穷人，并且只要有可能，他们总是愿意伸出援助之手。史密斯一家对别人是多么仁慈啊！ At that time, the poor were bled without mercy．Even their lives were at the mercy of the king.Although the Smiths weren't well off, they showed mercy to/had mercy on the poor and were always willing to extend a supporting hand whenever possible. How merciful the Smiths were to others! comprehension n．理解(力)→comprehend vt.理解；包含 beyond/above one's comprehension 超出某人的理解能力 have no comprehension of 完全不理解…… 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子/语境辨义 ①I find it extremely difficult，with my poor comprehension (comprehend)，to follow his words. ②She had no comprehension of what was involved. ③我不理解他为什么不能自己做这件事。 Why he can't do it himself is beyond my comprehension． ④(2022·全国乙卷)Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.vt.理解 compare...to/with...与……比较 (1)compare vi.& vt.& n． 比较 compare...to... 把……比作…… compared to/with... 和……相比(通常作状语) (2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比；举世无双 (3)comparison n． 比较，对比 by/in comparison with... ＝make a comparison with... 与……相比 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Compared (compare) with the past, my fitness has improved a lot. ②We carefully compared the first report with/to the second. ③My favorite season is autumn as the weather is more agreeable in comparison (compare) with summer. ④人们把儿童比作小树，因为他们都还在成长，还能被塑造。 Children are compared to young trees because they are still growing and can still be shaped. resemble v．像；与……类似，与……相似→resemblance n．相似 (1)resemble sb./sth.in... 在……方面与某人/某物相似 (2)show/bear a resemblance to 与……相似 (3)similar adj. 类似的 be similar to 与……相似 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Mary bears a striking resemblance (resemble) to her sister. ②I think the style of the painter is similar to that of a painter in the Song Dynasty. ③尽管她们长得很像，但是吉娜和她妹妹截然不同。 (人物描写) Gina is the exact opposite of her little sister, though they resemble each other in appearance． repay v．报答；回报；偿还 repay sb.for... 因为……报答某人 repay sb.sth.＝repay sth.to sb. 偿还某人某物 repay sb.with... 以……报答某人 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We don't know how to repay you for all that you have done for us.(表达感谢) ②It was unjust of you to repay my kindness with rudeness. ③我会尽快把他们借给我的钱还给他们。 I will try to repay them the money that they lent me as soon as possible. motive n．(尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的→motivate v．激励，激发 (1)motive for ……的动机/原因/目的 motive in (doing) sth. 在……方面的动机 the motive behind... ……背后的动机 (2)motivate sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①What was their motive in setting fire to the building? ②There seemed to be no motive for the murder. ③你应该重新评估你的目标，并激励自己设定一个新的目标。 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. 中频词汇练会 Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境选出expression的含义 A．n.表情；神色　B．n.表达(感情或思想)　C．n.表达方式；词语 ①Expressions of sympathy flooded in from all over the country. B ②His expression changed from surprise to one of amusement. A ③Can you think of a situation where we can use this expression？ C Ⅱ.熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①In contemporary China, the Development of West China is of profound significance.adj.深远的 ②In all our products the accent is on quality.n.着重点 重点句式练透 句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原文：“But！” he said, as though hesitating whether to finish，“I am—I am deaf.” “可是，”他说，好像在犹豫要不要讲完，“我——我耳聋。” (1)状语从句省略的条件：①when, while, though, even if, unless, if, as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it；②状语从句的谓语中含有be动词。 (2)省略句的形式：省略从句中的主语和be动词。 【练透】　单句语法填空/句型转换 ①When faced (face) with the difficulties and failures, I must overcome them. ②Now, when having (have) trouble in learning English well, plenty of students has a desire to know how to deal with it.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ③Though he was surprised to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. →Though surprised to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.(省略) 句型公式：否定词位于句首引起倒装 教材原文：Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment. (1)否定副词如never等置于句首，句子用部分倒装，将情态动词、系动词或助动词提前。 (2)常用的表否定意义的副词： little, rarely, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor等。 (3)含有否定意义的介词短语位于句首时，由于修辞的要求，引起部分倒装，常见的表“绝不”的介词短语有at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。 (4)Not until, no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when引导时间状语从句位于句首时，引起部分倒装。我从来没有发现自己像现在这样丑陋。 【练透】　单句语法填空/句型转换/完成句子 ①Hardly had he arrived at the station when the train began to leave. ②Little did he know that the police were after him. ③We can't have clean oceans until we stop throwing garbage into the oceans. →Not until we stop throwing garbage into the oceans can we have clean oceans.(倒装) ④我还没来得及解释， 她就跑到瓢泼大雨中。 No sooner had I got the chance to explain than she rushed into the pouring rain. (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每题1分，共10分) 1．I'd put her in the top rank of modern novelists (小说家). 2．He will find among them neither poverty nor disease, nor painful defects (缺陷). 3．Liu Hulan was cruelly beaten and tortured (拷打), but she stood as firm as a rock. 4．She opened her eyes and exclaimed (惊叫) in delight at the scene. 5．Please accept my heartfelt (衷心的) appreciation.I need more of your support in the coming year! 6．His accent (口音) at once betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner. 7．If one thing or person resembles (像) another, they are similar to each other. 8．I have often wondered who first uttered that simple but profound (深切的) truth. 9．There are probably plenty of heartbreaking (令人悲伤的) stories similar to that of his parents. 10．How can I ever repay (报答) you for your generosity? Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) 1．In this way the girl hid her letter and her aunt was kept at bay for a long time. 2．The man has become more confident and has the strength to move (move) forward. 3．It is well worthy to struggle with effort in pursuit of our own happiness and dream. 4．The strange pronunciation made what he said beyond comprehension (comprehend). 5．The child decided to repay his mother with his achievement in his study and work. 6．To our surprise, the baby resembles its sister in appearance, especially the eyes. 7．My own problems seem more serious compared with other people's. 8．Every movement the beautiful young girl makes is very graceful (grace). 9．A wide smile emerged from his blank expression (express) when he saw the book. 10．The boy exclaimed to his parents to warn them of the danger behind. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——申请加入阅读俱乐部)(每题3分，共18分) 1．我刚知道你们俱乐部成立的消息，就准备申请了。 Hardly had I known the news that your club was founded when I prepared to apply for it. (hardly...when...) 2．我知道你们俱乐部是第一家专注于英语文学鉴赏的俱乐部。 I know that your club is the first club to focus on English literature appreciation.(the first to do...) 3．为了提高我的英语水平，我试着记忆尽可能多的单词和短语。 To improve my English, I attempt to memorize as many words and expressions as possible．(attempt to do, expression) 4．因为被经典作品吸引，我把业余时间都花在了阅读这些作品上。 Attracted by the classical works，I spend all my spare time reading them.(过去分词短语作状语) 5．我取得了很大进步，以至于我经常被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我的想法和经验。 I have made such great progress that I am often invited to share my ideas and experience with all the students of our school.(such...that...) 6．如果被接受，我会努力工作，为俱乐部做出贡献。 If accepted, I'll work hard and make contributions to the club.(状语从句的省略) Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) The Hunchback of Notre­Dame, the writer of 1.which is Victor Hugo, a novelist, poet and playwright, tells a 2.tragic (tragedy) story of events in Paris.Esmeralda was a beautiful girl while Quasimodo was an ugly man.Quasimodo failed when he tried to kidnap Esmeralda and was captured and tortured in public.Esmeralda offered Quasimodo a drink of water out 3.of mercy, which saved him and also captured his heart.When Esmeralda 4.was sentenced (sentence) to death for a crime she did not commit, Quasimodo rescued her. They were still for several moments.5.Eventually (eventual) Quasimodo was the first 6.to break (break) the silence.He said that he was something terrible, 7.neither human nor beast, whilst she was a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew, a birdsong.But she wanted to obtain his explanation of why he rescued her.He replied that he was repaying her for the water and pity she showed to him.She listened to him with profound 8.tenderness (tender).A tear 9.swam (swim) in his eye, but didn't fall.He seemed to make 10.it a point of honour to keep it at bay. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4分，共32分) A (2024·浙江省五校联盟高二下期中联考)Akira Toriyama, one of Japan's leading comics authors, whose manga (漫画) cartoon Dragon Ball achieved worldwide success with its mix of comedic characters and exciting martial arts battles, died on March 1, 2024.He was 68.His death was confirmed on Friday in a statement by his manga and design production company, Bird Studio, and Capsule Corporation Tokyo.The statement said the cause was acute subdural hematoma, a condition in which blood collects between the skull and brain.It did not say where Mr.Toriyama died. Mr.Toriyama's body of work, which also includes Dr.Slump and Sand Land, is recognizable far beyond Japan's borders, having influenced generations of manga artists and cartoonists.The studio said he had several projects in the works at his death.His best­known work, Dragon Ball, follows a young boy named Son Goku who embarks on a journey to collect the seven magical balls that summon (召唤) a wish­granting dragon.Since its creation in the 1980s, it has spanned 42 volumes, sold millions of copies worldwide and become one of the most famous manga, inspiring television, film and video game adaptations. Throughout his career, Mr.Toriyama said in a 2013 interview with the Japanese newspaper The Asahi Shimbun, he did not care if his work did anything besides entertaining its readers.He was, he said, “unlike other manga artists concerned about conveying didactic (说教的) messages.” “The role of my manga，” he said, “is to be a pure work of entertainment.” “Thanks to the support of so many people around the world, he has been able to continue his creative activities for over 45 years，” his studio's statement said.“We hope that Akira Toriyama's unique world of creation continues to be loved by everyone for a long time to come.” [语篇解读]本文是新闻报道。文章报道了日本漫画作家鸟山明于2024年3月1日去世的消息，享年68岁。文章概述了他的作品和影响，特别是他的代表作《龙珠》。文章还提到了他对漫画创作的看法以及他的作品如何影响了全球的读者和漫画艺术家。最后，文中引用了他工作室的声明，感谢全球粉丝多年来的支持，并希望鸟山明独特的创作世界能继续受到大家的喜爱。 1．What information can be found in the text about Akira Toriyama? A．He died of an unknown psychological illness in Tokyo. B．He worked for Bird Studio and Capsule Corporation Kyoto. C．He gained worldwide recognition and admiration with his works. D．He adapted his best­known work into TV series, films and games. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Akira Toriyama, one of Japan's leading comics authors, whose manga (漫画) cartoon Dragon Ball achieved worldwide success with its mix of comedic characters and exciting martial arts battles”可知，鸟山明的作品《龙珠》凭借喜剧人物和精彩的武术打斗场面赢得了全球性的成功，获得了全世界的认可和钦佩，故选C项。 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Akira Toriyama's role in manga cartoon. B．Akira Toriyama's understanding of manga. C．Akira Toriyama's advice for cartoonists. D．Akira Toriyama's past career as a manga artist. 解析：选B。段落大意题。根据第三段“He was, he said, ‘unlike other manga artists concerned about conveying didactic (说教的) messages.’ ‘The role of my manga，’ he said, ‘is to be a pure work of entertainment.’”可知第三段主要讲的是鸟山明对漫画角色的理解，故选B项。 3．What message is conveyed in the statement? A．He had finished all his work before death. B．He started working on “Dragon Ball” in the 1990s. C．His fans' support and recognition inspired him to continue his work. D．His studio decided to carry on his wonderful manga works in the future. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，声明中提到了世界各地许多人的支持使得他得以继续从事创作活动超过45年，可推理出他的粉丝们的支持和认可激励他继续他的工作，故选C项。 4．What is this text? A．A news report. B．A biography. C．An interview. D．A book review. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本文描述了日本知名漫画家鸟山明去世的消息，提到了他的代表作《龙珠》以及他在漫画领域的成就和影响。同时，还提到了他去世的原因、去世时的年龄以及他所在的公司对此事的确认。这些内容符合新闻报道的特点，即及时、准确地报道事件的相关信息。因此，本文是一篇新闻报道，故选A项。 B Many young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time.But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent? It is a sad reality that people don't realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another. Think of the most typical American girl you know.Is she blonde­haired with white skin and light blue eyes, and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the heart of Africa, where beauty is placed on what you can control. The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are, and how stylish their piercings(穿孔) are.This tribe's culture is to be a brave fighter, so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong.If you don't look fierce, you are not beautiful. Other countries like North Korea and South Korea have their own unique views on beauty.In an interview, a woman who has lived in both North Korea and South Korea claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife.She says that women in North Korea are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense.She says they did have a time when big eyes were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery.This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture.But don't you think the idea of getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy? [语篇解读]本文是议论文。文章通过举例说明不同的国家对“美”的理解和看法不同。 5．What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Different. B．Reasonable. C．Unusual. D．Similar. 解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent？”可知，人们没有意识到不同的国家对美的观点是不一样的，故画线词词义与A项different意义相近。故选A。 6．The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes ． A．getting dirty is stylish B．looking fierce is beautiful C．strong people cut their skin D．American girls love shopping 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的“If you don't look fierce, you are not beautiful.”可知，肯尼亚的马赛部落认为看起来凶猛的人是美丽的。故选B。 7．According to the woman interviewed, women in North Korea now ． A．care a lot about their appearance B．put the beauty of eyes in the first place C．pay great attention to their ability D．are crazy about double eyelid surgery 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的 “In an interview, a woman who has lived in both North Korea and South Korea claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife.”可知，朝鲜女性更加关注能力。故选C。 8．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Inner beauty is of great importance. B．Ideas of beauty vary among culture groups. C．Different ways are needed to admire true beauty. D．Fashion magazines easily influence young people. 解析：选B。文章大意题。第一段“It is a sad reality that people don't realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，第一段提出文章的主题：不同的国家对美的看法不同，接下来的两段分别以肯尼亚的马赛部落和朝鲜为例说明这个观点。所以文章主要讲了不同文化背景下的人对美的看法不同。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每题2分，共10分) (2024·安徽师大附中高二下期中)Nowadays, family life has become even more challenging than before.Then, how can we create a happier family life? Let's see some advice. Enjoy togetherness.When children are babies, parents are advised to spend one­on­one time with their babies.1. This can be a big mistake since enjoying each other's company (陪伴) is one of the easiest ways for families to create lasting happiness.Parents should regularly spend quality time with their children doing activities together like playing games, sports. 2． Although the Internet has certainly made communication easier, it is still important to have face­to­face time with your family members. Try to avoid using your cell phone so much.3. Many families have regular meetings where they discuss issues affecting the family.This can be a great way to start talking face to face.You can talk about your family's values, or how you can work together as a group to solve problems that affect the family.4. Plan fun activities as a family.This can be something that you do once or twice a month, or even once a week.This can be something as easy as going to the beach, a park, or going on a trip to visit relatives.5. Doing the activities regularly can help you build stronger relationships with your family members, and relieve stress that many families feel. A．Talk more as a family. B．Let family members talk about activities. C．But, as children get older, the one­on­one time is reduced. D．Parents need to help their children manage their daily stress. E．Make quality conversation with your family members, instead. F．You can also try simpler ones such as camping overnight in your backyard. G．Regular communication like this can help you build stronger family relationships. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭生活比以前更具挑战性。就如何才能创造更幸福的家庭生活作者给了我们一些建议。 1．解析：选C。上文“Enjoy togetherness.When children are babies, parents are advised to spend one­on­one time with their babies.”说明父母和孩子应该多相处， 父母应该多陪伴孩子，因此C项“但是，随着孩子年龄的增长，一对一的时间减少了”符合语境，故选C。 2．解析：选A。下文“Although the Internet has certainly made communication easier, it is still important to have face­to­face time with your family members.”说明家庭成员之间面对面的交流非常重要，因此A项“作为一个家庭多交流”能够概括本段段意，故选A。 3．解析：选E。上文“Try to avoid using your cell phone so much.”说明在家庭谈话时要提高谈话的质量，因此E项“与家人进行高质量的交谈”符合语境，故选E。 4．解析：选G。上文“Many families have regular meetings where they discuss issues affecting the family.This can be a great way to start talking face to face.”说明定期召开家庭会议是有积极效果的，空格处是积极效果具体体现之一，因此G项“像这样的定期沟通可以帮助你建立更牢固的家庭关系”符合语境，故选G。 5．解析：选F。上文“Plan fun activities as a family.”强调有趣的家庭活动，因此F项“你也可以尝试更简单的方式，比如在后院露营过夜”也涉及有趣的家庭活动，故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$