14 课时精练 Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习

课时精练(十二)　Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 层级一　过基础　教材核心知识精准练 维度1　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 1．He failed to keep his appointment at the clinic (诊所). 2．The plan received widespread (广泛的) support throughout the country. 3．What she did was an abuse(滥用) of her position as manager. 4．Press these two keys to switch(转换) between documents on screen. 5．Caffeine，a substance(物质) found in coffee and some soft drinks，is also a drug. 6．The aim of these experiments was to find the connection，if any，between the two phenomena(现象). 7．Our mother tongue(语言) is the language that you learn when you are a baby. 8．The drug(药物) is said to have side effects and have been withdrawn from the market recently for further tests. 9．He took a needle and thread and sewed the cloth up. 10．It is well­known that kangaroo is a symbol of Australia. 维度2　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．His footprints were clearly evident (evidence) in the heavy dust. 2．Careful examination (examine) of the ruins revealed an even earlier temple. 3．According to the study，about one third of children have been severely (severe) overweight due to lack of exercise. 4．In addition to pollution and traffic jams，auto safety is a critical issue in developing nations. 5．Today he is recognized as a national first­class performer. 6．Do you think it is possible that robots will take the place of the workers in the steel industries in the future? 7．Environmental problems are closely connected with a lack of awareness. 8．We have to apply the same rules to everyone，showing no favour. 9．The drought has made farmers anxious about the harvest. 10．You should write down all the information related to the problem. 维度3　完成句子/词汇升级 1．众所周知，成功在于努力，然而懒惰导致失败。(while) As we all know，success lies in hard work while_laziness_leads_to_failure． 2．多亏了他的帮助和努力工作，到目前为止所有的经济问题都被克服了。(现在完成时) Thanks to his help and hard work，all the financial problems have_been_overcome up to now. 3．均衡饮食和经常锻炼被认为是一种健康的生活方式。(be recognized as) Keeping a balanced diet and taking exercise regularly are_recognized_as_a_healthy_lifestyle． 4．都江堰始建于秦朝，是世界上现存最古老、唯一的灌溉系统。 Dujiangyan，dating_back_to Qin Dynasty，is the oldest and only remaining irrigation system in the world.(分词作定语) 5．Our school has built a new stadium，which has all kinds of well­equipped facilities. →Our school has built a new stadium，which has various/varieties_of/a_variety_of well­equipped facilities. 维度4　课文语法填空 One of the most famous Chinese medical 1.treatments(treat) is Chinese acupuncture，dating from the Stone Age.As acupuncture developed，nine different kinds of needles appeared，which 2.had(have) different shapes.The majority of acupuncturists now use stainless steel needles.They push needles into the skin at certain points on the body 3.called(call) acupuncture points.So far，more than 360 acupuncture points 4.have_been_identified(identify)，each linked to a different part of the body.Over the years，not only has acupuncture been used to treat physical and 5.mental(mentally) problems，but it has also been applied to treat people 6.who/that abuse alcohol，tobacco or drugs.7.While/Though/Although it is not clear how acupuncture actually works，it is 8.a fact that acupuncture has become very popular.Today，it has come into widespread use around the world 9.as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture.While doubts about its safety have 10.gradually (gradual) disappeared，interest continues to grow. 层级二　过能力　学科必备素养提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2022·黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高二下开学考) I know what you're thinking ：pizza (比萨饼)? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night's leftovers in the a．m.if you want to. I know lots of women who skip (跳过) breakfast，and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it.Some say they don't have time.Others think they're “saving” calories (卡路里)，still others just don't like breakfast food. But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you're trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all，” says Katherine Brooking，R，D，who developed the super­easy eating plan for this year's “SELF CHALLENGE”．And even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded with vegetables，and you stick to one small piece. Breakfast is one meal I never miss，and the same goes for most weight loss success stories.Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day.Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal. So eat something in the morning，anything.I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether，and have just coffee or orange juice.I say，try heating up last night's leftovers—it may sound crazy，but if it works for you，do it! I find if I tell myself，“You can always eat it tomorrow，” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night.Try it...you may save yourself some pre­bedtime calories.And watch your body gain the fat­burning effects. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。一些人对早餐有一些错误想法，认为不吃早餐能减肥。文章介绍了就减肥不吃早餐进行了解释说明，并提出的一些具体的建议。 1．What does the word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Food remaining after a meal. B．Things left undone. C．Meals made of vegetables. D．Pizza topped with fruit. A　[词义猜测题。根据下文“if you want to” 可知，如果你想，你可以吃昨天的剩饭，因此推断画线词leftover指的是“food remaining after a meal”。故选A。] 2．What can we infer from the text? A．Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. B．Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. C．There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. D．Eating vegetables helps save energy. B　[推理判断题。根据第二段“I know lots of women who skip(跳过)...still others just don't like breakfast food.”可以推断，许多人对于早餐有错误的看法。故选B。] 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．It is important to eat something for breakfast. B．It is important to be careful about what you eat. C．It is important to heat up food before eating it. D．It is important to eat calorie­controlled food. A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句“So eat something in the morning，anything.”以及下文的举例可知，早上吃些东西是很重要的。故选A。] 4．Who is the text written mainly for? A．Those who go to work early. B．Those who want to lose weight. C．Those who stay up late. D．Those who eat before sleep. B　[写作目的题。根据第四段的“Researchers at the University of Southern California found...those who regularly have a morning meal.”以及全文内容可推断，本文是写给那些想减肥的人。故选B。] B (2022·吉林省抚松县高二下开学考) How many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer.But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now.They put what they eat into an online calorie counter (计算器).It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals. In fact，this is part of the school's health class.It includes heart health，nutrition and fitness.Students can learn basic knowledge about fats，proteins，calories and sugar. Students learn how to balance calories in and out.They will know what happens when the balance isn't there.“The online calorie counter has turned out to be a cool tool to help you make healthy choices.Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference.” Adam Carlson，the teacher in charge，told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age. They also discuss good ways to burn calories in the gym.According to Carlson，the gym is a great place to burn calories and get stronger.But it doesn't work for everyone.So they try to find different workout tips.“I'm trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun，challenging，and doesn't need to take hours out of the day，” she said. The class has indeed changed students.“I am now watching what I am eating and pay attention to the food labels，” said seventh­grader Karena Burgstaler.Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们应该计算每天吃的食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。 5．After taking the health class，what should the students do? A．Pay more attention to food prices. B．Eat more food with labels. C．Try to keep a balanced diet. D．Stop eating sugary food. C　[推理判断题。根据第二段“In fact，this is part of the school's health class....proteins，calories and sugar.”和第三段第一句“Students learn how to balance calories in and out.”可知，在上了健康课之后，学生们尽力保持均衡的饮食。故选C。] 6．What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs? A．They try to cook healthy food with fewer calories. B．They learn about health and nutrition from a class. C．They create a popular online calorie counter. D．They teach people about food nutrition in class. B　[细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact，this is part of the school's health class.It includes heart health，nutrition and fitness.Students can learn basic knowledge about fats，proteins，calories and sugar.”可知，通过前两段我们了解到学生在上课时学习有关健康和营养的知识。故选B。] 7．Which of the following will Adam Carlson agree with? A．Calories matter more than protein. B．Fewer calories means better health. C．The calorie counter doesn't help. D．Healthy eating habits are important. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference.”可知，Adam Carlson同意“健康的饮食习惯很重要。”故选D。] 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Eating with an online calorie counter B．Counting calories to stay healthy C．Opinions on how to balance your diet D．A health class at Aitkin Independent Age B　[标题归纳题。根据第一段“How many calories are there....It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals.”可知本文讲述的是人们应该计算每天吃的食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。故选B。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2022·河北省邯郸市高二期末) Although a gym membership can be nice，you don't have to have one to get into great shape! All you need is a little bit of time and space at home for yourself.___1__ Spend 5 to 10 minutes warming up before every workout.__2__ Try jumping jacks，leg or arm circles，or even dancing.Just get your blood pumping.Do a progressive aerobic activity that uses the same muscles you want to work out.For instance，slowly jog if you are going for a longer run. __3__ Strength training，also called resistance training，makes you stronger and builds endurance.Try to do exercises that work a lot of muscles and add weight to increase your resistance.This helps you do a harder workout every time you exercise. __4__ You might be eager to just stop your workout when you've finished your last set of activity，but take a few minutes to do low­intensity exercises that lower your heart rate.You might drop your run into a walk or slow down your cycling，for instance. Set achievable goals that you can break into smaller tasks.It's one thing to say you want to get fit，but that means something different for everyone.__5__ It should be specific，realistic，and meaningful.Then，break down each goal into small，actionable steps so it feels like you're making progress regularly. A．Not sure what to do? B．Want to build muscle without buying equipment? C．Do strength training twice a week to build muscle. D．If you're struggling to fit in workout time，don't worry. E．Spend five to ten minutes cooling down after each workout. F．Figure out what you plan to achieve and make that your goal. G．But before everything，you need to create an at­home fitness routine. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些居家锻炼的方法。 1．G　[根据上文“Although a gym membership can be nice，...at home for yourself.”可知，上文提到在家也可以保持好身材，结合下文介绍居家锻炼计划的一些具体方面，故G选项“但在这之前，你需要建立一个在家健身的习惯”符合语境，故选G。] 2．A　[根据上文“Spend 5 to 10 minutes warming up before every workout.”以及后文“Try jumping jacks，...slowly jog if you are going for a longer run.”可知，本段介绍锻炼前的热身。答题空后介绍了三种热身方式，回答了A项的问题。故选A。] 3．C　[根据后文“Strength training，also called resistance training，...This helps you do a harder workout every time you exercise.”可知，本段主要介绍了力量训练的作用和训练方法。故选C。] 4．E　[根据后文“You might be eager to just stop your workout...slow down your cycling，for instance.”可知，本段介绍了训练结束时，不要突然结束，要有强度上的过渡，E项概括了本段主要内容。故选E。] 5．F　[根据上文“Set achievable goals that you can break into smaller tasks....different for everyone.”以及后文“It should be specific，realistic，and meaningful....you're making progress regularly.”可知，本段主要介绍了设定具体可行的目标。故选F。] Ⅲ.完形填空 (2022·江苏省盐城市高二期中) There are too many fat people in America，so many Americans are fighting against overweight.But the __1__ thing is that the French，who consume rich food，tend to stay thin.Now a __2__ by Cornell University suggests __3__ life style and decisions about __4__ may affect weight.Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel __5__．However，Americans tend to stop when their __6__are empty or their favorite TV show is over. According to Dr.Joseph Mercola，a health expert，the French see eating __7__ an important part of their life style.They enjoy food and therefore spend a __8__time at the table，while Americans see eating as anything to be squeezed between the other daily activities.Mercola believes Americans __9__ the ability to sense when they are actually full.So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped.In addition，he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and __10__ foods for the week.The French，__11__ tend to shop daily，walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits，vegetables，and eggs as well as high­quality meats for each meal. After a visit to the United States，Mireille Guiliano，author of French Women Don't Get Fat，decided to __12__ about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid __13__．Today she continued to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym. In spite of all these differences，evidence shows that recent life style __14__ may be affecting French eating habits.Today the rate of obesity (肥胖)—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%.However，as American fast food gains __15__ and the young reject older traditions，the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“同吃油腻食品，美国人肥胖率极高而法国人则不然”这一奇怪的现象及其背后的原因，并就未来的变化做出讨论、预测。 1．A．formal B．strange C．natural D．modern B　[结合上一句(全文首句)及生活常识，美国人喜欢吃油腻食品，肥胖率也很高，而这事到了法国人身上却不成立，很“奇怪”。故选B。] 2．A．novel B．research C．strategy D．newspaper B　[由大学开展的，能揭示科学规律的活动应是“研究”，同时，根据下一句句首的Researchers提示，也可得出B为正确选项。故选B。] 3．A．that B．what C．how D．when C　[这里讲的是生活方式和饮食选择这两个因素对于体重的影响，它们是“如何”影响体重的，所以选项表示方式的连接副词。故选C。] 4．A．working B．living C．eating D．studying C　[根据后文“tend to stop eating ”可知，此处指对于饮食做出的决定。故选C。] 5．A．sensitive B．full C．happy D．annoyed B　[根据“the French tend to stop eating”可知，当法国人感到饱的时候，他们就会倾向于停止饮食。故选B。] 6．A．pockets B．refrigerators C．houses D．plates D　[结合语境，这里是进行美国人和法国人的对比，法国人会主观上“感到饱了”并停止饮食，而美国人则更像“无意识地，心不在焉地”不停吃吃吃，只有外部客观条件才会迫使他们停下来，这里的客观条件之一是“盘子空了”。故选D。] 7．A．as B．into C．inside D．to A　[这里讲的是法国人把饮食视作(当作)生活的重要一部分。故选A。] 8．A．fairly long B．fairly short C．very exciting D．rather fast A　[根据“They enjoy food”可知，法国人是把吃饭当作享受的，因此在餐桌上花的时间也是相当长的(慢慢品味、享受)。故选A。] 9．A．bring B．lose C．get D．receive B　[结合上下文语境，专家认为美国人“不知饱”，盘子空了亦或是电视节目结束了才知道停下，因此这里说他们失去了感知能力。故选B。] 10．A．frozen B．cool C．warm D．hot A　[根据“foods for the week”可知，去超市买的、用于储存这周中可以吃的食品即是那些罐头食品、冷冻食品。故选A。] 11．A．therefore B．instead C．however D．merely B　[结合上下文，此处是指美国人和法国人购物习惯相反，B、C意义上都符合，但however表转折关系，解释为“然而，但是”时，其后一定要加上逗号，排除C项。故选B。] 12．A．write B．read C．speak D．think A　[由前文中的“author of French Women Don't Get fat”可知，Mireille Guiliano是一位作家，所以她决定写关于知道何时停止吃东西的重要性。故选A。] 13．A．fruit B．oil C．food D．egg C　[Mireille Guiliano决定写关于知道何时停止吃东西的重要性而不是建议人们如何避免吃某些食物。故选C。] 14．A．examples B．changes C．designs D．stories B　[下文提到快餐正被法国人认可、接受，法国儿童肥胖率正急剧上升，这是一种变化。故选B。] 15．A．failure B．success C．confidence D．acceptance D　[由下文的“the young reject older traditions”可知，法国的年轻人拒绝传统食物，由此可知，他们越来越接受美国的快餐。故选D。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$