11 课时精练 Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版2020）

课时精练(九)　Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 层级一　过基础　教材核心知识精准练 维度1　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 1．He spends too much time on maths，and this，without doubt，affects (影响) the progress of his other subjects. 2．We encourage all students to work at their own pace(节奏). 3．Hard work is fundamental(基础的) to success. 4．My interest in medicine arose(由……引起) from the positive influence of my parents. 5．The average human lifespan (寿命) in the developed countries has increased over the last hundred years. 6．The increase in knowledge is forcing people to specialize(专业化). 7．All the findings had proved that the virus (病毒) was not directly linked to the bats. 8．He urged Japan to destroy the abandoned chemical weapons(武器) in China during World War Ⅱ. 9．There is a heated debate over whether humans' lifespan is determined by genes. 10．By no means will we sign contracts with companies which are dishonest. 维度2　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．We will also put in place some security measures to ensure that our site isn't taken down by hackers. 2．We call on the people related to the case to handle the tough problem by joint efforts. 3．In many cases，the clothes people wear identify them as belonging to a particular social class. 4．Ultimately(ultimate)，you'll have to make the decision yourself. 5．The doctor said that their baby was abnormal (normal)，which made the couple very worried. 6．The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades，and it is driven by a real but very small risk. 7．We should always bear in mind that many traffic accidents arise from drunk driving. 8．Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. 9．Our science teacher will serve as our guide，who is expected to tell us something interesting about the Tiantai Shan. 10．It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment. 维度3　完成句子/一句多译 1．最终，新规定将对我们有利。(advantage) Eventually，the new regulations will work to_our_advantage. 2．这项新技术将使用很少的水种植粮食成为可能。(make it＋形容词＋动词不定式) The new technology will make_it_possible_to_grow_food with very little water. 3．孩子们每次看电视的时间应限制在30分钟以内。(restrict) The children should be_restricted_to_watching_TV for less than 30 minutes each time. 4．学生们有时通过做兼职工作来养活自己。(means) Students sometimes support themselves by_means_of_doing_part­time_jobs． 5．毫无疑问，这次会议是我们迄今为止举行的最有用的会议之一。(doubt) ①This meeting has been，without_doubt，one of the most useful we have had so far. ②There_is_no_doubt_that this meeting has been one of the most useful we have had so far. 维度4　课文语法填空 Genome editing brings many exciting possibilities.1.As is well­known to you，genes play a critical role in shaping our lives，and our own personal genome contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.As a result，geneticists 2.have_been_trying (try) to identify which genes relate to which diseases，as they believe genome editing is 3.an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.In the near future，it will serve as a new weapon in the fight against diseases，4.leading (lead) to a fundamental change in our approach to health care.However，5.with the technology continuing to develop at a fast pace，questions arise about how to use it 6.appropriately (appropriate).Genome editing also brings us some moral problems.Therefore，many people have all started 7.to_wrestle (wrestle) with such issues.We have to find out how to keep the technology from running wild.This means 8.putting (put) appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage.If we didn't have them，genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.In a word，there 9.is (be) still much to be explored and debated on genome editing.Without doubt，genome editing is one of the 10.greatest (great) innovations in the history of science. 层级二　过能力　学科必备素养提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2022·广东省惠州市高二下月考) CPR (心肺复苏术) saves lives.It can really change someone's life，as I found out for myself three years ago. On October 14，2009，my mom had an accident while playing soccer and was taken to hospital.The next morning，I was told that my mom had had a cardiac arrest (心脏停搏).I later learned that two players on the opposing team kept breathing air into my mother's mouth and pressing her chest for seven minutes，as they waited for the ambulance to arrive.My mom stayed in the hospital for only ten days.I know that I am very lucky to have my mom here，because most people who have cardiac arrests and do not receive CPR within the first six minutes die. My mom has used this experience to spread the word about CPR.She joined the Sudden Cardiac Arrest Support Group，which was set up to help survivors and their families through a difficult experience.The support group also takes part in the Heart Walk every year，raising money for the American Heart Association.And she attends Lobby Day each year，convincing the New York State Legislature to pass a law that would make basic CPR and first­aid training a graduation requirement for high school students. This task is not as difficult as it may first appear to be.Every student in New York State must take health class in order to graduate.Just one or two days of health class each year will ensure that every student in the state will learn this important skill.This training is also nearly free.There is no need for a professional CPR instructor because the American Heart Association has online videos that show the newest techniques in CPR.Also，most local EMS services will lend training models to schools. My mom and her fellow survivors go to a high school each year to talk to the students about the importance of learning CPR.This training will not get you the official CPR certification (证书)，but as my mom says，“You don't need a little card to save someone's life.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妈妈在发生心脏骤停后被人用心肺复苏术拯救了生命，后来作者的妈妈利用这次经历来宣传心肺复苏术，说服纽约州立法机构通过一项法律，将基本的心肺复苏术和急救训练作为高中学生毕业的要求。 1．How does the author feel about the two players? A．Deeply grateful. B．Quite concerned. C．A bit sorry. D．Rather frightened. A　[推理判断题。 根据第二段中的“I later learned that ... as they waited for the ambulance to arrive.”和“I know that ... do not receive CPR within the first six minutes die.”可知，那两名球员通过心肺复苏术救了作者的母亲，因此作者非常感激他们。故选A。] 2．In what way did the author's mother change? A．She made efforts to improve CPR. B．She realized the key importance of law. C．She paid more attention to her health. D．She became an active CPR supporter. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My mom has used this experience to spread ... their families through a difficult experience.”可知，作者妈妈的变化是她康复后变成了一名积极的心肺复苏术宣传者。故选D。] 3．What does Paragraph 4 say about the CPR training for students? A．It may be turned down by a lot of students. B．It requires little time and money. C．It will become a graduation requirement. D．It is difficult and dangerous. B　[细节理解题。 根据第四段中的“Just one or two days of health class each year will ensure that every student in the state will learn this important skill.This training is also nearly free.”可知，CPR培训花费的时间和费用都很少。故选B。] 4．What might the author's mother agree with? A．It is challenging for many students to master CPR skills. B．Every graduate should get an official CPR certification. C．CPR skills are more important than CPR certifications. D．High schools should make a special card for CPR learners. C　[推理判断题。 根据最后一段中的“This training will not get you the official CPR certification (证书)，but as my mom says，‘You don't need a little card to save someone's life.’”可知，作者的母亲应该会认为，心肺复苏术的技能比这种技术的证书更重要。故选C。] B (2022·海南省高二期末) The start of a new school year brings lots of changes.One is the need to wake up earlier.Depending on when school starts，getting up early can turn teens into “zombies(僵尸)，” studies have shown.But when schools start later，teens get to class on time and find it easier to stay awake，a new study finds. For years，researchers and doctors have pushed for later high school start times.Experts recommend kids and teens get an average of nine hours of sleep every day.As children reach their teen years，the clocks inside bodies that control their sleep timing naturally change.This makes it hard for them to fall asleep before 11：00p.m.So when they have to get up in time for an 8：00 a．m.class，they're missing out on valuable sleep time. Knowing this，schools in several places have begun to change their start times.Researchers have now begun looking at how this affects students.When all schools started early，many teens reported struggling to get enough sleep.After the change in start time，students in the late­start schools were less likely to oversleep.Compared to students at the early­start schools，they also were less likely to be late for class.Best of all，they reported felling less sleepy during the day.These changes reflected their getting more sleeping time.That much extra sleep on a daily basis seemed to have made a difference in these students' lives.Researchers believe the extra sleep will make it easier for students to actively take part in school. Sleep is truly important，even though we live in a culture that acts like it's optional(可选择的).It's easier to focus on school，be a good friend and do well in sports when you aren't tired out. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了专家建议青少年每天平均睡眠9小时，而由于青少年的身体特征，他们很难早睡，所以这就得需要学校早上晚上课。研究表明，晚上课可以使学生更加积极活跃。 5．Why does the author describe students as “zombies”？ A．Students are inactive for lack of sleep. B．School education makes students stupid. C．Students aren't interested in school at all. D．Teenagers are much quieter than before. A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Depending on when school starts，... find it easier to stay awake，a new study finds.”可知，学生早起会变成“僵尸”，相反学校如果推迟上课时间，青少年不用起那么早就会更容易保持清醒，所以可以推断出，此处作者将早起的学生描述为“僵尸”，是因为早起的学生会因为缺觉而不活跃，故选A。] 6．What do experts think of teenagers' sleeping late as? A．A family rule. B．A personal habit. C．A body characteristic. D．An abnormal behavior. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Experts recommend kids and teens ... they're missing out on valuable sleep time.”可知，专家认为是由于孩子们进入青春期，控制他们睡眠时间的体内时钟自然发生变化。所以这会导致他们睡觉很晚，由此可知，是青少年的身体特征导致他们睡觉晚，故选C。] 7．What advantage does late­start schools have for students? A．Students grow much stronger. B．Students become more active. C．Students go to bed much earlier. D．Students go to school at any time. B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Best of all，they reported felling less sleepy ... will make it easier for students to actively take part in school.”可知，学校晚上课对学生的一个好处就是使得学生更加积极活跃，故选B。] 8．What is the text mainly talking about? A．School starting later makes students active. B．Zombie phenomenon appears in many schools. C．Teenagers should sleep nine hours every day. D．A law should be passed to improve students' health. A　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段最后“Researchers believe the extra sleep will make it easier for students to actively take part in school.”和最后一段“Sleep is truly important，... when you aren't tired out.”可知，文章主要介绍了专家建议青少年每天平均睡眠9小时，而由于青少年的身体特征，他们很难早睡，所以这就得需要学校早上晚上课。研究表明，晚上课可以使学生更加积极活跃。故选A。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2022·广东省汕尾市高二期末) As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.__1__．But others may not have crossed your mind.“A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run，” says preventive cardiologist (心脏病学家) Dr.Beth Abramson，a spokesperson for the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.__2__． Engage in volunteer work.Doing good for others helps your self­esteem (自尊) and relieves stress.Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke.According to Dr.Arya Sharma，founder of the Canadian Obesity Network and a professor of medicine at the University of Alberta，loneliness is a risk factor for heart health.__3__．Depending on the type of work you do，volunteering might even increase your physical activity. Treat depression.__4__．Not only are we more likely to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise，there are also considerable effects of this condition on the body，such as higher levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙) and blood sugar，which can be associated with poor heart health. Eat breakfast.A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who regularly ate a substantial morning meal.“One possible reason：If you're eating a proper breakfast，you're less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices，” says Abramson.“We need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.__5__．” A．Choose whole­grain，low­fat foods，and meanwhile，include fruit B．Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network C．Some strategies，such as exercising and managing weight，are well known D．Heart disease such as coronary artery disease (CAD) can lead to heart attack E．Here are some of the surprising ways she puts forward to boost your heart health F．Volunteering allows you to connect to your community and make it a better place G．Abramson points out that the state of feeling very sad can affect the way we behave 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种人们意想不到的促进心脏健康的方法。 1．C　[根据下文“But others may not have crossed your mind.”中转折连词But可知，设空句与下文有转折关系，C项介绍一些能想到的办法，与下文构成转折关系，符合上下文，语意连贯。故选C。] 2．E　[上文“‘A small change in your everyday routine...for the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.”中预防心脏病专家Beth Abramson表示日常生活的小变化可能会影响身体，E项与上文构成顺承关系，其中she即指代上文中Dr.Beth Abramson。故选E。] 3．B　[根据段首小标题“Engage in volunteer work.”可知，本段建议从事志愿工作，B项和下文“Depending on the type of work you do，volunteering might even increase your physical activity.”构成并列关系，都是讲志愿活动的好处，与主题相照应。故选B。] 4．G　[根据段首小标题“Treat depression.”可知，本段建议治疗抑郁。G项解释了“Treat depression”的原因：因为它会影响我们的行为方式，下文“Not only are we more likely to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise，there are also considerable effects of this condition on the body.”具体说明抑郁症如何影响我们的行为方式，上下文语意连贯。故选G。] 5．A　[上文“We need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.”说明我们需要均衡饮食，A项对“a healthy lifestyle”进行举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选A。] Ⅲ.完形填空 (2022·广东省佛山市高二期末) As Torri'ell Norwood drove merrily through St.Petersburg，Florida，the __1__ from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly __2__ screams.They were hit by a speeding driver.The hard __3__ sent the car across someone's yard before it crashed into a tree. The crash damaged the __4__，causing Norwood to climb through her window to get out.Along with two of her friends，who'd also __5__ to free themselves，she ran for her life.__6__，it wasn't until Norwood got to the end of the street that she realized her best friend Azaira Simmons was nowhere to be found.Norwood __7__ ran back to the car. Simmons was unconscious (无知觉) in the back seat.Norwood pulled her out and checked her pulse (脉搏)，but there was no sign of __8__．That's when she started CPR (心肺复苏术). If the __9__ had occurred a few weeks earlier，she might not have known what to do.__10__，Norwood had earned her CPR certificate just the day before because she expected to start a career in __11__．Looking down at her __12__ friend，Norwood knew she had a precious little time to __13__ what she'd learned.Due to her __14__，Simmons regained consciousness ten minutes later. The two teens say that the accident has promoted their __15__． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Torri'ell Norwood在一次交通意外事故中，通过以前学习的心肺复苏术，成功挽救了好友Azaira Simmons生命的故事。 1．A．arguments B．complaints C．praise D．laughter D　[根据上文“drove merrily”及下文“screams”可知，四个女孩起初很开心地在车上，她们发出笑声。故选D项。] 2．A．took over B．turned into C．went back to D．took charge of B　[根据上文“drove merrily”及下文“screams”可知，原本的笑声变成了尖叫。故选B项。] 3．A．knock B．shot C．ground D．fight A　[根据上文“They were hit by a speeding driver.”及“it crashed into a tree”可知，女孩们的车穿过了一个人的院子，撞在了树上。故选A项。] 4．A．door B．tree C．yard D．road A　[根据“causing Norwood to climb through her window to get out”可知，撞击将门撞坏了。故选A项。] 5．A．agreed B．decided C．managed D．prepared C　[根据下文“she ran for her life”可知，Norwood与她的两个朋友都设法成功地逃命了。故选C项。] 6．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．Thus D．However D　[根据“it wasn't until Norwood got to the end of the street that she realized her best friend Azaira Simmons was nowhere to be found”可知，Norwood逃命出来后发现最好的朋友不见了，前后为转折关系。故选D项。] 7．A．hesitantly B．immediately C．regretfully D．aimlessly B　[根据上一句内容可知，Norwood最好的朋友不见了，她立即跑向车。故选B项。] 8．A．change B．strength C．life D．progress C　[根据“checked her pulse”及“That's when she started CPR”可知，Azaira Simmons没有生命迹象，所以Norwood开始对她进行CPR(心肺复苏术)。故选C项。] 9．A．accident B．damage C．mistake D．reaction A　[本句为虚拟语气，根据“she might not have known what to do”推测，如果Norwood在几周前碰到了此类事故，她可能不知道该怎么办。故选A项。] 10．A．Obviously B．Thankfully C．Surprisingly D．Hopefully B　[根据“Norwood had earned her CPR certificate just the day before”可知，事实是值得庆幸的，Norwood获得了CPR证书，可以帮助事故中发生意外的人。故选B项。] 11．A．education B．tourism C．science D．medicine D　[根据“earned her CPR certificate”可知，Norwood想要从事医学相关的事业。故选D项。] 12．A．sleeping B．crying C．struggling D．dying D　[根据前文“Simmons was unconscious in the back seat.”可知，Simmons处于垂死边缘。故选D项。] 13．A．review B．appreciate C．practice D．share C　[根据“Norwood knew she had a precious little time to ________ what she'd learned.”可知，Norwood知道给她实施CPR的时间不多。故选C项。] 14．A．effort B．sacrifice C．courage D．attention A　[根据“Simmons regained consciousness ten minutes later.”可知，在Norwood的努力下，她的朋友恢复了意识。故选A项。] 15．A．cooperation B．independence C．friendship D．well­being C　[根据“the accident has promoted their ________．”可知，事故增进了彼此的友谊。故选C项。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$