13 UNIT4 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（译林版2020）

背话题金句，写高分文章 1．Mobile phones are everywhere，which sometimes can be very annoying. 到处都是手机，有时它们会很烦人。 2．It is universally acknowledged that sharenting is becoming more and more popular. 众所周知，网上“晒娃”越来越流行。 3．With the development of the Internet，shopping online is becoming more and more popular. 随着因特网的发展，网上购物越来越流行。 4．On arriving there，we set out to clean their houses，play games and teach them how to use apps on smartphones. 一到那里，我们就开始打扫他们的房子，玩游戏，并教他们如何使用智能手机上的应用程序。 5．There is no doubt that modern technology brings us convenience and comfort in life. 毫无疑问，现代科技给我们的生活带来方便和舒适。 单元话题导入 This Is What an AI­powered Future Looks Like A child born in the year 2030 will not understand why his or her parents once had to manually① turn on the lights in the living room.In the future, the smart home will know people's needs, wants and habits before they take any action. Amazon, Apple, Google and to some extent②Microsoft understand that the future of computing is voice input，powered③ by artificial④ intelligence (AI).Children of the future will grow up in a world powered by AI. The design of this child's world will be different from our world today，as the child will learn how to communicate with a machine by the time they're two years old. As a child's vocabulary grows into full sentences，their personal AI engine⑤ will grow up with them. These children will grow up in a world of AI where they will interact with⑥everything using their voice. The popularity of the garage⑦in the United States started around 1925. Today, the necessity to design a garage for the smart home of the future is lessened as a majority⑧ of individuals⑨ will make use of⑩an autonomous vehicle⑪ brand⑫ instead of owning a vehicle. When you make use of a vehicle，95 percent of the time you will not need to garage the vehicle when it is not in use.The autonomous vehicle will drop you off at your front door. Upon entry⑬，the house will be set the way you prefer with lighting，temperature and music depending on the time of day you arrive. The AI that powers your smart home will understand the quirks⑭ that make you uniquely you and will ensure that the house operates in an efficient⑮manner. The home will always be listening and waiting for voice commands to complete tasks. When the home becomes a smart home and society is connected with AI, our habits and lives will change. Will you be ready for the change？ 语篇导读： 人工智能在未来能为我们的生活提供极大的便利，改变我们生活的方方面面。 阅读助手： ①manually adv.手动地 ②extent n. 程度；限度；大小；范围 to... extent 到……程度；在……程度上 ③power vt. 以动力驱动，推动(机器或车辆)；(使)迅猛移动，快速前进 n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 ④artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能 ⑤engine n．引擎；发动机；火车头 ⑥interact with 与……互动 ⑦garage n. 车库，停车房；汽车修理厂 vt. 将(汽车)开进/停放在车库 ⑧majority n. 大部分；大多数 ⑨individual adj.单独的；个别的 n. 个人 ⑩make use of 利用；使用 ⑪vehicle n. 交通工具；车辆 ⑫brand n. 品牌；类型；烙印 ⑬entry n．加入；进入；参与 ⑭quirk n. 怪癖 ⑮efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的 Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading …………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①option n．可选择的事物 ②press a button 按一下按钮 ③castle n. 城堡 ④given prep. 鉴于，考虑到 ⑤come true 实现 ⑥input n. 输入的信息；投入 vt. 输入(信息) ⑦put forward 提出 ⑧capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量 ⑨analyse vt. 分析 ⑩massive adj. 巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的 ⑪multiple adj. 多个的，多种的 ⑫coin vt. 创造(新词语) ⑬pioneer n. 拓荒者；先锋vt. 做先锋，倡导；开辟(道路) ⑭in the field of 在……领域 ⑮breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破adj. 突破性的 ⑯arguably adv. 可论证地，按理 ⑰demonstrate vt. 证明；示范，演示；表露 ⑱to name but a few 略举几例 ⑲autonomous adj. 自主的，有自主权的；自治的 ⑳domestic adj. 家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的 instant adj. 立刻的，马上的；速食的，即食的；紧急的，紧迫的 in short 总之；简言之 a turning point 转折点 to one's advantage 对某人有利 threaten vt. 危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓 committed crime 犯罪 urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策n. 冲动，强烈的欲望 pose vt. 造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势n. 姿势 apparently adv.显然，可见 warning n. 警告，先兆；警戒 victim n. 受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品 fall victim to 受伤，受损，被害 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… Artificial intelligence：friendly or frightening? Imagine waking up one morning with the option① of staying in bed and pressing a button② to send a robot to do all the work for you.How cool that would be！【1】It may seem like building castles③ in the air，but given④ the rate at which artificial intelligence，or AI，is being developed，【2】in the future such dreams may actually come true⑤. 【1】画线部分为how引导的感叹句。 【2】画线部分为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the rate。 At the basic level，artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines【3】．One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience，adjusting to new inputs⑥ and performing tasks like humans.To achieve this aim，many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward⑦，including“deep learning”，which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions【4】．Deep­learning AI has the capacity⑧ to analyse⑨ massive⑩ amounts of data through multiple⑪ layers，imitating the complex networks of the human brain. 【3】画线部分为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a branch。 【4】画线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词deep learning。 The dream of AI has been around for centuries，and 【5】 the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality.Years before the term “artificial intelligence” was coined⑫ in the mid­1950s，the theory had been explored by Alan Turing，one of the pioneers⑬ in the field of⑭ computer science.However，for a long time，AI technology developed very slowly.A major breakthrough⑮ in AI came in 1997，when Deep Blue，a chess­playing computer，beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov【6】．Then in 2017，a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie，arguably⑯ the best human Go player，which demonstrated⑰ a significant advance in deep­learning AI systems. 【5】and连接两个并列句，表示顺承。 【6】画线部分为when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词1997。 Nowadays，AI is already being applied in many fields：finance，health care，machine translation and art，to name but a few⑱.From autonomous⑲ vehicles to domestic⑳ robots，from recommendation systems to computers writing novels，AI has an unlimited number of applications.Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages，and machines can recognize fingerprints and even faces. In short，this technology is transforming the way we live.It is clear that we are at a turning point in history.【7】With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes，we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.The question is，where will all this lead？While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage，these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.【8】Could machines really develop human­like intelligence？And what would happen if they did? Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans？How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans？As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.Stephen Hawking，for example，warned，“The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.” 【7】it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。 【8】while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，但是”；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a bright future。 Apparently，such warnings demand our attention.We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI.We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us－but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for! 人工智能：是敌是友？ 想象一下，某天早上你醒来，可以选择继续躺在床上，按下一个按钮，就能招来一台机器人为你处理所有的工作，那该有多酷啊！这听起来可能像是在建空中楼阁，但鉴于人工智能(AI)目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。 从基础层面上讲，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支学科，其目标是研发智能机器。AI的基本目标之一是开发能够学习过往经验，适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的AI的方法，其中包括“深度学习”——这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己先前的行为结果，来提升自身性能。深度学习AI拥有从多个层次分析海量信息的能力，它模拟的是人脑的复杂网络结构。 AI的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，而20世纪40年代以来计算机的发展，终于让这个梦想成为现实。“人工智能”这个术语是在20世纪50年代中期被创造出来的，而在好几年前，这一理论就被计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦·图灵探索过。然而在很长一段时间里，AI技术发展得相当缓慢。1997年，AI发展有了一个重大突破，当时一台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。之后在2017年，一个叫阿尔法围棋的计算机程序下赢了可谓人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这说明了深度学习AI系统的一大显著进展。 如今，AI已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译和艺术等，不一而足。从自动驾驶车辆到家用机器人，从推荐系统到撰写小说的电脑，AI有着不计其数的应用。普通人现在能够使用AI获取外语文本的即时翻译，机器也已经能够识别人们的指纹甚至面容。 简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。显然，我们正处于历史的转折点。有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。问题在于，这一切将会导致什么？AI的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。机器真的能够发展出像人类一样的智能吗？如果真的可以，又会发生什么？能够思考的机器是会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚？随着我们对电脑的依赖越来越深，一些科学家正敦促我们思考AI进步所带来的危险。例如，斯蒂芬·霍金就曾警告说：“完全人工智能的发展可能意味着人类的终结。” 显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。我们需要确保自己不会沦为AI的受害者。我们可能还是会认为，可以整天放松，让自动化机器为我们完成所有工作，这样的生活很美妙——但也许我们不该太过贪婪，而应对我们的期待保持谨慎！ 第一步　文本整体理解：理清文章架构 1．What does the text mainly talk about? A．AI will be working to our disadvantage. B．AI will continue to bring convenience to our lives. C．Human should not develop AI at the cost of being harmed. D．Humans will be controlled by AI in the future. 答案　C 2．Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. Part 1 Para.1 Our dream of having a robot doing everything for us may actually (1)come_true． Part 2 Para.2 The aim of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from (2)experience，performing like humans. Para.3 AI technology developed slowly until in 1997，Deep Blue (3)beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov. Para.4 Nowadays，AI is being (4)applied in many fields. Para.5 AI technology is (5)transforming_the way we live，but some people (6)show_great_concern_about the threat it brings to us humans. Part 3 Para.6 AI must be used to serve people (7)not_to_harm_people． 第二步　文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节信息 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Why does the author begin the article with an imagination? A．To attract readers. B．To convey humor. C．To stress the point. D．To illustrate the theme. 2．What proved that deep­learning AI systems made a significant advance? A．The term “artificial intelligence” was coined. B．Alan Turing came up with his theory. C．Deep Blue was beaten by Garry Kasparov. D．Ke Jie was defeated by AlphaGo. 3．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? A．The future of AI. B．Disadvantages of AI. C．Applications of AI. D．The limitation of AI. 4．How does the author express the worries about the AI technology? A．By asking questions. B．By making comparison. C．By having a discussion. D．By referring to documents. 5．What is the author's attitude to artificial intelligence? A．Supportive.　　　　　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Indifferent. 答案　1－5　A D C A C 第三步　培养批判性思维 1．What do you think of people's concerns about artificial intelligence? It_is_reasonable_for_some_people_to_concern_that_AI_might_do_harm_to_us，so_we_humans__should_always_bear_in_mind_that_we_should_make_AI_serve_us_all_the_time. 2．What do you think intelligence machines will be capable of doing in the future? In_my_opinion，the_future_intelligent_machines_will_do_most_of_the_work_which_is_too_complicated_or_too_dangerous_for_humans. 第四步　难句解构 1．It may seem like building castles in the air，but given the rate at which artificial intelligence，or AI，is being developed，in the future such dreams may actually come true. [句式分析]　本句为并列句。在第二个分句中，given后为条件状语从句，which引导定语从句。 [尝试翻译]　这听起来可能像是在建空中楼阁，但鉴于人工智能(AI)目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。 2．While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage，these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears为主句；while引导让步状语从句，在从句中where引导定语从句。 [尝试翻译]　AI的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。 [核心单词] 1．adjust to new inputs　　　　适应新的输入 2．massive_ data 海量信息 3．a major breakthrough 重大突破 4．domestic_robots 家用机器人 5．a relaxed pose 休闲的姿势 6．fall victim to AI 沦为AI的受害者 7．an alternative 一个替代品 [拓展单词] 1．capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量→capable adj.有能力的，能胜任的 2.analyse vt.分析→analysis n. 分析 3．finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理vt.提供资金→financial adj.财政上的，金融的→financially adv.财政上地 4．threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓→threat n. 构成威胁的人(事物)；威胁，恐吓；凶兆→threatening adj.恐吓的，具有威胁的 5．apparently adv.显然，可见→apparent adj.明显的，显而易见的 6．warning n. 警告，先兆；警戒→warn vt.警告；告诫；提醒；预先通知 7．demand vt.需要；强烈要求n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要→demanding adj.要求高的，需要高技能(或耐性等)的；费力的；苛求的 8．greedy adj.贪心的，贪婪的→greed n. 贪婪，贪心，贪欲→greedily adv.贪心地，贪婪地，贪吃地 9．recognition n. 识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识→recognize v. 认识，认出；意识到；承认，认可→recognizable adj.能辨认的，能认出的 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．come_true　　　　　　　 实现，成真；成为现实 2．be_capable_of_doing_sth. 有能力做某事；能够做某事 3．adjust_to 调节；调整以适应 4．put_forward_ 提出(观点、建议、方法等) 5．have_the_capacity_to_do_sth._ 有能力做某事 6．in_short_ 总之；简言之 7．to_one's_advantage 对某人有利；有利于某人 8．commit_crimes 犯罪 9．urge_sb._to_do_sth. 督促某人做某事 10．fall_victim_to_sth. 成为……的牺牲品/受害者；屈服于…… 第二组　英译汉 11．enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 12．in the field of 在……方面；在……领域 13．to name but a few 略举几例 14．at a turning point 处于转折点 15．get close to 靠近；接近 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．how 引导的感叹句 How_cool_that_would_be(那该有多酷啊)! 2．It is＋形容词＋that... It_is_clear_that(显然)we are at a turning point in history. 3．with复合结构 With_machines_like_AlphaGo_now_capable_of_thinking_and_learning_from_their_mistakes(有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器)，we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines. how 引导的感叹句 (教材原句)How cool that would be! 那该有多酷啊！ 本句是一个感叹句。感叹句一般由what和how引出。 (1)How＋形容词/副词(＋主语＋谓语)! (2)How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)! (3)What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)! (4)What＋形容词＋不可数名词或可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)! [佳句]　How excited we were at the news that we won first place! 听到我们赢得第一名这个消息时，我们多么激动啊！ ◎基础练透——选词填空(what/how) ①You don't know how excited he was when he heard about the news. ②What lovely wild animals we saw during our tour in Australia! ③You can't imagine what terrible weather we experienced on our journey. ◎能力提升——句式升级 ④This is a really lovely day to go for a spring outing. →What_a_lovely_day_it_is to go for a spring outing! (what) →How_lovely_a_day_it_is to go for a spring outing! (how) threaten vt. 危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓 (教材原句)Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans? 能够思考的机器是会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？ (1)threaten sb. with...　 用……威胁某人 threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事 threaten that... 威胁…… (2)threat n. 威胁，恐吓；构成威胁的人(或事物) a threat to sb./sth. 对某人或某事的威胁 [佳句]　The traffic issue is very difficult to settle.It not only affects our everyday life，but may also threaten people's lives. 交通问题很难解决，它不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①David threatened to_report (report)his neighbour immediately to the police if the damages were not paid. ②Rapid economic development threatens(threat) animal habitats. ③This poses_a_threat to agriculture and the food chain，and consequently to human health. ◎能力提升——句式升级 ④He was threatened by terrorists and didn't dare to vote for the president. →Threatened_by_terrorists，he didn't dare to vote for the president.(用过去分词短语作状语) [语境串记] The child threatened to leave，which was a big threat to his parents. 那孩子威胁要离开，这对他的父母是个很大的威胁。 commit vt. 犯(罪)；承诺，保证；花(钱或时间) vt. 全心全意投入，忠于 (教材原句)How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans? 如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚？ (1)commit crimes　　　 犯罪 commit...to... 把(时间、金钱、人力等)投入到…… commit oneself to (doing) sth. 专心致志于；投入于 commit oneself to do 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) (2)commitment n. 投入，花费；承诺，保证；献身，奉献 make a commitment 作出承诺 [佳句]　He committed himself to complete the tough task ahead of schedule. 他承诺要提前完成这项艰巨的任务。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Achieving success at this level requires a commitment(commit) of time and energy. ②However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made_a_commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我). ③Mr Johnson was a good man who was committed (commit) to his family as well as to his work. ④The local government has committed large amounts of money to housing projects. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤数年来我一直努力提高我的英语口语。 For years I have_been_committed_to_improving my spoken English. [语境串记] Tony is committed to selling the products，because he has made a strong commitment to his boss. 托尼致力于销售产品，因为他对老板做出了强烈的承诺。 urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策n.冲动，强烈的欲望 (教材原句)As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 随着我们对电脑的依赖越来越深，一些科学家正敦促我们思考AI进步所带来的危险。 (1)urge sb. to do sth.　　　 催促某人做某事 urge that sb.(should) do sth. 极力主张某人做某事 It is urged that...(should) do sth. 坚决要求…… (2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事 (3)urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的 urgency n. 紧急的事 [佳句]　It is urged that every student take responsibility when it comes to enjoying a harmonious life. 要求每个学生在享受和谐生活时都要负起责任。 [名师点津]　urge后跟that从句时或在句型It is urged that...中，that从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①I never felt an urge to_learn (learn) any sign language before. ②Due to all this extra time，there was no sense of urgency (urge) to do my school work immediately. ③He asked to see the manager for something urgent (urge). ◎能力提升——一句多译 随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。 ④Our teacher urges_us_to_study_hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb. to do sth.) ⑤Our teacher urges_that_we_(should)_study_hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge that) [语境串记] The local villagers were in urgent need of help，so we urged the government to take action at once，for it was a matter of great urgency. 当地村民急需帮助，所以我们敦促政府立即采取行动，因为这是一件非常紧急的事情。 pose vt. 造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势 (1)pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk　　　　　　　　　　 构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险 pose a question 提出问题 (2)pose for... 为(画像、摄影等)摆好姿势 pose as sb. 佯装某人，冒充某人，假扮某人 [佳句]　Drunken drivers pose a serious threat to other road users. 醉酒驾驶对其他道路使用者构成严重威胁。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①(2020·天津7月卷)How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? ②Some criminals would pose_as one of your friends and cheat you out of your money. ◎能力提升——微写作 ③核武器对所有的人都构成了威胁。 Nuclear weapons pose_a_threat_to_everyone. warning n. 警告，先兆；警戒 (教材原句)Apparently，such warnings demand our attention. 显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。 warn v. 　　　　　　　 警告，提醒 warn sb. against doing sth.＝warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事 warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 warn sb. that... 警告/提醒某人…… [佳句]　Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice，out of respect for farmers' labor. 为了尊重农民的劳动，中国的孩子从小就被告诫不要浪费一粒米。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning (warn)signals that we really have changed our planet. ②Salmon farmers are warning_of_the severe crisis existing in the global industry. ③I want to warn you now_that_there is some abnormal phenomenon in our economy. ◎能力提升——一句多译 有人警告我们不要吃那些可能使我们胃不舒服的鱼。 ④We were_warned_not_to_eat the fish which might upset our stomachs. ⑤We were_warned_against eating the fish which might upset our stomachs. demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要 (教材原句)Apparently，such warnings demand our attention. 显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。 (1)be in (great) demand　　　 (迫切)需求，需求量大 meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求 (2)demand sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand that...(should) do 要求……做…… demand for... 对……的需求/需要 (3)demanding adj. 要求高的，需要高技能(或耐性等)的；费力的；苛求的 [佳句]　In response to the audience's great demand，the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. 为了满足观众的强烈需求，这出戏将每周在剧院上演两次。 [名师点津]　(1)demand后通常不接双宾语。 (2)demand后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Like running，race walking is physically demanding(demand). ②What I want to stress is that some new assistants are_in_demand in our group. ③More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy. ④The teacher came to the classroom and demanded to_be_told (tell) what was going on just now. ⑤The boss demanded that everyone (should)_attend (attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow. ◎能力提升——词汇升级 ⑥The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are needed greatly in this city. →The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in_great_demand in this city. victim n. 受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品 (教材原句)We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI. 我们需要确保自己不会沦为AI的受害者。 fall victim to... 　　　 受伤，受损，被害 be/become a victim of 成为……的受害者 innocent victims 无辜受害者 [佳句]　Many people went to the disaster area to help the victims as volunteers after the earthquake happened. 地震发生后，许多人作为志愿者去灾区帮助灾民。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①(2020·天津7月卷)It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters. ②(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients，while a cheater might use it to control potential victims(victim). ◎能力提升——微写作 ③这所学校已经为其成功所累，因为那些需要特殊教育的孩子的家长现在会想方设法向他们寻求帮助。 The school has become_a_victim_of_its_own_success，as parents with children who have special needs now actively seek it out. alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的 (教材原句)It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords. 它提供了一个快速并且酷的替代传统的密码。 an alternative to...　　 ……的替代物(to是介词) there is no alternative 别无选择 have no alternative (choice/option) but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 [佳句]　Failure is the mother of success.Sometimes，in order to succeed，we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it. 失败是成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们别无选择，只能勇敢地面对失败，并从中吸取教训。 [联想发散]　“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式还有：can't do sth. but do sth.can do nothing but do sth.在这些结构中若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式 (does，did，done)，but之后要用省略to的动词不定式，否则，but之后的to不能省略。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative to gasoline. ②We could drive all the way.Alternatively (alternative)，we could fly. ◎能力提升——一句多译 为了取得更大的进步，我们不得不充分利用好业余时间。 ③In order to make more progress，we have_no_alternative_but_to_make_full_use_of spare time.(alternative) ④In order to make more progress，we have_no_choice_but_to_make_full_use_of spare time.(choice) ⑤In order to make more progress，we can_do_nothing_but_make_full_use_of spare time.(can do nothing) ⑥In order to make more progress，we can't_help_but_make_full_use_of spare time.(can't help) break into 强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、唱等)；顺利打入 (教材原句)There are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people's social media photos to build models of their faces. 有这样的案例，黑客们通过使用人们的社交照片来建立他们的面部模型，强行进入面部识别系统。 break down　　　 损坏；发生故障；分解；累垮 break out (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生 break up 结束；破裂 break away (from sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱 [佳句]　There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break into the house. 附近没有人可能会看到他试图闯入房子里。 ◎基础练透——用break的相关短语填空 ①The room is in a mess.It must have been_broken_into while we were away. ②If you go on working like that，you will break_down sooner or later. ③In order to get some money，the man broke_up that old machine and sold some parts. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④如果你能就如何戒掉吸烟的坏习惯给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。 I'd appreciate it if you could give me some advice on_how_to_break_away_from_the_bad_habit_of_smoking． 维度1　单词拼写 1．Scientists have made a great breakthrough(突破) in protecting personal information in the database. 2．Shortly after suffering from a massive(巨大的) earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look. 3．The newly­completed stadium in Wuhan has a seating_capacity(容量)of 80，000. 4．It is predicted that he will be sentenced to 18 months in prison because of the theft(盗窃). 5．Once we have committed(承诺) to this course of action there is no going back. 维度2　单句语法填空 1．The book is an analysis(analyze)of poverty and its causes. 2．To relieve the financial(finance) burden of residents and enterprises，the city announced that the services provided at these sites will be free from May 1 to the end of June. 3．However，others are in favour of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will threaten(threat)the Chinese language. 4．That the Somali frequently robbed ships on the sea urged the United Nations to_call(call) on all nations to take immediate action. 5．The thing is，machines still have limitations when it comes to facial recognition(recognize). 维度3　完成句子 1．他最初希望从京剧开始，但京剧却成为了金融的牺牲品。(victim) He originally hoped to begin it with a sample of Peking Opera，which fell_victim_to_the_finance. 2．公司还可以怎样利用网络为自己服务？(to one’s advantage) In what other ways can companies use_the_Internet_to_their_advantage? 3．男孩们正在操场上玩耍。这是多么温暖的一幕啊！(感叹句) The boys are playing on the playground.What_a_warm_scene_it_is/How_warm_the_scene_is! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$