精品解析：广东省深圳市聚龙科学中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第二次段考英语试题

深圳市聚龙科学中学2024-2025学年度上学期第二次段考 高二英语试卷 第一部分 基础知识 (共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分) 单项选择 请从所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选择可以填入空格处的最佳选项。 1. When teachers ________ homework, students usually feel a moral duty to do it. A. detect B. assign C. generate D. conclude 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师布置作业时，学生通常觉得做作业是一种道德义务。A. detect察觉，发现；B. assign 分配，布置（作业）；C. generate产生，生成；D. conclude 总结，得出结论。根据空后“homework”以及“students usually feel a moral duty to do it”可知，此处指老师布置作业。故选B。 2. He was one of the most creative and ________ engineers of his generation — he always comes up with good ideas. A. innovative B. persevering C. worthy D. remarkable 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是他那一代最具创造力和创新精神的工程师之一——他总是能想出好主意。A. innovative革新的；B. persevering坚忍的；C. worthy值得尊敬的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据后文“he always comes up with good ideas.”指他是他那一代最具创造力和创新精神的工程师之一。故选A。 3. The learning needs of the two groups are quite ________ from each other. A. obvious B. apparent C. distinct D. distinctive 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个群体的学习需求是截然不同的。A. obvious明显的；B. apparent显然的，表面上的；C. distinct不同的；D. distinctive独特的。结合“from each other.”可知，此处指“不同的”，be distinct from“与……不同”，故选C。 4. If you ________ a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light. A. guarantee B. disturb C. probe D. suspect 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你怀疑煤气泄漏，不要划火柴，甚至不要开灯。A. guarantee保证；B. disturb扰乱；C. probe打探；D. suspect怀疑。根据下文“do not strike a match ”可知，此处表达“如果怀疑煤气泄漏，不要划火柴或开灯”。故选D。 5. The hotel offers various ________ facilities such as a swimming pool and sauna. A. economy B. motion C. leisure D. amusement 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家酒店提供各种休闲设施，如游泳池和桑拿浴室。A. economy经济；B. motion运动；C. leisure休闲；D. amusement娱乐。根据“such as a swimming pool and sauna”可知，此处指休闲设施，故选C。 6. There have been questions about his ________ to lead the company. A. application B. association C. conservation D. qualifications 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他领导公司的资格一直存在质疑。A. application申请，应用；B. association协会，联系；C. conservation保护，保存；D. qualifications资格，条件。根据“lead the company”可知，此处表示对他领导公司的资格有所质疑。故选D。 7. He put me on the ________ a bit because he invited me right in front of his mum and I didn’t particularly want to go. A. mood B. spot C. embarrassment D. expectation 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让我有点为难，因为他当着他妈妈的面邀请我，而我并不是特别想去。A. mood情绪；B. spot地点；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. expectation期待。根据后文“because he invited me right in front of his mum and I didn’t particularly want to go.”表示让某人为难，短语为put sb. on the spot，故选B。 8. The researchers say that television viewing maybe a risk factor for all Alzheimer’s disease, but more researches are needed to establish a ________. A. negotiation B. cooperation C. trick D. link 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员说，看电视可能是所有阿尔茨海默症的一个风险因素，但需要更多的研究来确定两者之间的联系。A. negotiation谈判，协商；B. cooperation合作；C. trick技巧，把戏；D. link联系。根据“television viewing maybe a risk factor for all Alzheimer’s disease”可知，此处指看电视和阿尔茨海默症之间的联系，故选D。 9. The matter ________ is whether we should proceed (继续) with the project or not. A. in question B. of all time C. on display D. in favour 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：正在讨论的事情是我们是否应该继续这个项目。A. in question正在讨论的，相关的；B. of all time有史以来，一直；C. on display在展览，在展示；D. in favour赞成，支持。根据语境，指当前正在讨论的事情是关于是否继续项目，应用介词短语in question作后置定语，表示“正在讨论的”。故选A项。 10. More than 25 millions years old, the Great Barrier Reef ________ living coral growing on dead coral. A. is made up of B. bursts onto C. descends upon D. brings out 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大堡礁有2500多万年的历史，是由活珊瑚长在死珊瑚上组成的。A. is made up of由……组成；B. bursts onto突然显现；C. descends upon突然大批来访；D. brings out使显现。结合“living coral growing on dead coral.”可知，此处指“大堡礁由活珊瑚长在死珊瑚上组成”。故选A。 11. Men do not find it to be all ________ when they settle down in a new colony. A. among the top concerns B. under threat C. smooth sailing D. ups and downs 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：当男人们在一个新的殖民地定居下来时，他们会发现并非一切都一帆风顺。A. among the top concerns在首要关注事项之中；B. under threat处于威胁之下；C. smooth sailing一帆风顺，进展顺利；D. ups and downs起起落落，盛衰沉浮。结合常识和“when they settle down in a new colony”可推知，在新殖民地定居不会一切都很顺利；“smooth sailing”符合此语境。故选C项。 12. Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun received the Nobel Prize for their ________ discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. A. well-known B. breathtaking C. ground-breaking D. highly-skilled 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Victor Ambros和Gary Ruvkun因其对microRNA及其在转录后基因调控中的作用的突破性发现而获得诺贝尔奖。A. well-known著名的；B. breathtaking激动人心的；C. ground-breaking开拓性的；D. highly-skilled技术娴熟的。根据上文“Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun received the Nobel Prize”可知，获得诺贝尔奖是因为开拓性的发现。故选C。 13. He was educated at the local grammar school, after ________ he went on to Cambridge. A. which B. when C. where D. whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在当地的文法学校接受教育，之后去了剑桥大学。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作介词after的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故选A。 14. Supporters of the Democratic Party of the US dread ________ what will happen if Donald Trump gets elected. A. thinking B. being thought C. to be thought D. to think 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国民主党的支持者害怕想到如果唐纳德·特朗普当选会发生什么。dread to do sth为固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”，Supporters of the Democratic Party of the US和think为主动关系。故选D。 15. I like how technology is changing sports. ________ the latest equipment, such as smart earphones, allows people to get the best out of their training. A. Wear B. Wearing C. To wear D. To be wearing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢科技如何改变体育。戴着最新的设备，比如智能耳机，能让人们在训练中发挥出最佳水平。空处作主语，表示一种行为，需用动名词形式。故选B。 16. She had pale crimped hair over her temples, and her lips were ________ to reveal large, even teeth. A. parting B. parted C. to part D. to be parted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她的鬓角上长着苍白卷曲的头发，嘴唇张开，露出又大又整齐的牙齿。此处作表语，应用形容词parted，表示“分开的”。故选B。 17. Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ________. A. had expected B. expected C. have expected D. expect 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：手写所有的请柬比我们预料的要花更多的时间。分析句子结构可知，“Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming”是主句，时态是一般过去式，than引导比较状语从句；主句的动作是“写邀请函花费了更多时间”，而比较的对象是“我们之前预期”的时间。因此，“预期”这个动作应该发生在主句的动作之前，也就是过去的过去，这时候应该用过去完成时，即had expected。故选A。 18. Researchers at the University of Arkansas in the United States say that the mobile robots which ________ already are ideal for the job of hospital attendants. A. had created B. had been created C. have been created D. have created 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：美国阿肯色大学的研究人员表示，已经制造出来的移动机器人非常适合医院服务员的工作。which作从句主语，指代先行词mobile robots，表示复数意义，和create之间是被动关系，且表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，故选C。 19. He ________ his novel all day long, and hopefully he will complete it in a week. A. has written B. has been writing C. is writing D. writes 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：他一整天都在写他的小说，希望他能在一周内完成。根据“all day long”及“hopefully he will complete it in a week.”可知，写小说这个动作一直在持续，并未结束。此处需使用现在完成进行时表达动作由过去一直持续到现在。故选B。 20. In the past one hour, the fire ________ almost to the top floor, with residents crowding into roof exit. A. extended B. was extending C. has extended D. has been extending 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：在过去的一个小时里，大火几乎已经蔓延到顶楼，居民们纷纷涌向屋顶出口。根据“In the past one hour”可知，此处指动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故选D。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Nobel Prizes for 2024 have honored groundbreaking discoveries and achievements that have significantly benefited humankind in various ways. These winners have made remarkable contributions to their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and understanding. Nobel Prize in Physics The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. They employed physics tools to develop methods that paved the way for advanced machine learning. Hopfield created a structure capable of storing and reconstructing information, while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks. Nobel Prize in Chemistry In Chemistry, the focus was on proteins, vital for life. David Baker achieved the seemingly impossible by crafting entirely new protein types. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their Al model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential. Nobel Prize in Literature Han Kang, a South Korean author, won the Nobel Prize in Literature for her intense poetic prose (散文) addressing historical mental scars and exposing human life’s weakness. Her unique awareness of body-soul connections and her innovative style have made her a contemporary prose pioneer. Nobel Peace Prize The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors. This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. The organization was formed by survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima (广岛) and Nagasaki (长崎) in1945. 21. Whose contribution is vital for artificial neural connections? A. Geoffrey Hinton. B. Demis Hassabis. C. Han Kang. D. John Hopfield. 22. What assisted scientists in solving a half-century-old problem? A. Crafting new protein types. B. Advanced machine learning. C. AI model. D. Analyzing data properties. 23. Which prize was awarded to a group? A. Nobel Prize in Physics. B. Nobel Prize in Chemistry. C. Nobel Prize in Literature. D. Nobel Peace Prize. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了各个领域的诺贝尔奖获得者及成就。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nobel Prize in Physics中的“while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks.(而辛顿发明了一种独立识别数据属性的方法，这对现代人工神经网络至关重要。)”可知，Geoffrey Hinton的贡献对人工神经连接至关重要。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nobel Prize in Chemistry中介绍“Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their Al model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential.(Demis Hassabis和John Jumper用他们的人工智能模型解决了一个50年来的挑战，该模型可以预测复杂的蛋白质结构，具有巨大的潜力。)”可知，人工智能模型帮助科学家解决了半个世纪的难题。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nobel Peace Prize中的介绍“The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors.(2024年诺贝尔和平奖授予了日本原子弹幸存者草根组织“日本Hidankyo”)”以及“This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. (这与其他授予个人的奖项有很大的不同。它因努力实现无核武器世界而获奖。)”可知，诺贝尔和平奖被授予了一个团体。故选D。 B O. Henry(1862-1910) was an American short story author whose real name was William Sydney Porter. Henry’s works reflected his wide-range of experiences and are distinctive for its witticism(俏皮话), clever wordplay, and unexpected twist endings. Like many other writers, O. Henry’s early career aims were unfocused and he wandered across different activities and professions before he finally found his calling as a short story writer. He started working in his uncle’s drugstore in 1879. Later, he moved to Texas where he lived on a farm and learned sheep shepherding, cooking, babysitting, and bits of Spanish and German from the many migrant farmhands. Over the next several years, he took a number of different jobs, from drafting to journalism, and banking, but he was careless with accounting, thus fired by the bank and charged with a crime in 1894. He fled the day before the trial in 1896, first to New Orleans, then to Honduras, where he learned his wife was dying and could not join him, so he returned to Austin and turned himself in to the court. His father-in-law helped him out so he could remain with his wife until her death in 1897. Later he was sentenced and served in Federal prison in Ohio from 1989-1902. The many twists and turns of O. Henry’s own life, including his travels in Latin America and time spent in prison, clearly inspired his stories’ twists and wordplay. His prolific writing period began in 1902 in New York City, where he wrote 381 short stories which show his obvious affection for this City and its diversity of people and places. O. Henry’s trademark is his witty, plot-twisting endings, and his warm characterization of the awkward and difficult situations and the creative ways people find to deal with them, which typically features in his work like The Last Leaf, The Gift of the Magi, etc. All of his stories are highly entertaining, whether read for pleasure or studied in classrooms around the world. Unfortunately, O. Henry’s personal tragedy was heavy drinking. He died in 1910 of several diseases. He was a gifted short story writer and left us a rich legacy of great stories to enjoy. 24. What happened to O. Henry in his early life? A. He took up writing as his lifelong profession early on. B. He had a pretty good command of Spanish and German. C. He engaged himself with numerous jobs to experience life. D. He failed to live a stable life and switched jobs for a living. 25. What does the underlined word “prolific” in paragraph 4 mean? A. relevant B. productive C. profitable D. original 26. Which of the following words can best describe O. Henry’s works? A. Educational and tragic. B. Unpredictable and serious. C. Fascinating and twisty. D. Extraordinary and formal. 27. What does O. Henry’s life story convey? A. More haste, less speed. B. Time and tide wait for no man. C. He who laughs last laughs best. D. Suffering is a stepping stone to genius. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国著名短篇小说家欧・亨利的生平经历。包括他早期从事过多种职业，后来因银行工作中的问题入狱，出狱后在纽约开始大量创作短篇小说。他的作品以俏皮话、巧妙的文字游戏和出人意料的转折结尾为特色，反映了他丰富的人生经历。同时也提到了他酗酒的个人悲剧以及他为文学留下的丰富遗产。文章通过欧・亨利的人生故事，展现了他在苦难中寻找美和意义的能力，以及苦难对他文学创作的影响。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like many other writers, O. Henry’s early career aims were unfocused and he wandered across different activities and professions before he finally found his calling as a short story writer. (像许多其他作家一样，欧·亨利早期职业目标并不集中，他在不同的活动和职业中徘徊，最终找到了自己作为短篇小说作家的使命)”可知，他早期生活不稳定，换了很多工作来维持生计，故选D项。 【25题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“His prolific writing period began in 1902 in New York City, where he wrote 381 short stories which show his obvious affection for this City and its diversity of people and places.(他……写作时期始于1902年的纽约市，在那里他写了381篇短篇小说，这些短篇小说表明了他对这座城市及其多样化的人和地方的明显感情)”可知，他写了很多故事，所以prolific意思是“多产的”，故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“O. Henry’s trademark is his witty, plot-twisting endings, and his warm characterization of the awkward and difficult situations and the creative ways people find to deal with them, which typically features in his work like The Last Leaf, The Gift of the Magi, etc. All of his stories are highly entertaining, whether read for pleasure or studied in classrooms around the world. (O·Henry的标志是他诙谐、情节曲折的结局，以及他对尴尬和困难情况的温暖描述以及人们找到创造性的处理方式，这通常出现在他的作品中，如《最后一片叶子》、《麦琪的礼物》等。他的所有故事都极具娱乐性，无论是为了娱乐而阅读还是在世界各地的课堂上学习)”可知，他的作品吸引人且情节曲折，故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Like many other writers, O. Henry’s early career aims were unfocused and he wandered across different activities and professions before he finally found his calling as a short story writer. He started working in his uncle’s drugstore in 1879. Later, he moved to Texas where he lived on a farm and learned sheep shepherding, cooking, babysitting, and bits of Spanish and German from the many migrant farmhands. (像许多其他作家一样，欧·亨利的早期职业目标并不集中，他在不同的活动和职业中徘徊，最终找到了自己作为短篇小说作家的使命。他于1879年开始在叔叔的药店工作。后来，他搬到了德克萨斯州，住在一个农场里，从许多移民农场工人那里学会了牧羊、烹饪、保姆以及一些西班牙语和德语)”，第三段中“Later he was sentenced and served in Federal prison in Ohio from 1989-1902. (后来他被判刑并于1989年至1902年在俄亥俄州的联邦监狱服刑)”，第四段中“The many twists and turns of O. Henry’s own life, including his travels in Latin America and time spent in prison, clearly inspired his stories’ twists and wordplay.(欧·亨利本人生活中的许多曲折，包括他在拉丁美洲的旅行和在监狱中度过的时光，显然激发了他的故事的曲折和文字游戏)”可知，欧·亨利一生经历坎坷，包括在监狱的经历等，但这些经历启发了他的写作，他成为了一个有天赋的短篇小说作家，所以他的人生故事传达了“Suffering is a stepping stone to genius.(苦难是成为天才的垫脚石)”的观点，故选D项。 C When Mammola and Ficetola went to an ecology conference in 2021, they met a scientist with an unusual complaint. Jennifer Anderson, an expert in aquatic fungi(水生真菌), said that the subject of her research was not available in emoji(表情符号) form. “If you are doing the important work of trying to save whales, you can use pictures or images to help you communicate this,” said Anderson. “If you are working to save the aquatic fungi, you first must let people know that they exist, and then describe in words what they look like.” Struck by their conversation with Anderson and alarmed at how unusual species were ignored, the Italian scientists set out to find out how well species were represented in the emoji library. The answer wasn’t satisfactory at all: animals were well represented by available emojis but plants, fungi and microorganisms(微生物) were not. “Our findings confirm a typical prejudice in biodiversity research and a feature of human psychology,” said Mammola. “We usually feel more caring and sympathetic towards living things that are genetically closer to us.” “A good representation of species on social media can arouse interest in unfamiliar organisms, greatly help publicize the message that biodiversity is much more than just cats, dogs, lions and pandas, and indirectly help conservation efforts,” said Mammola. “There are an impressive number of organisms, and all of them play a fundamental role on our planet, even the ones we know less about.” Some scientists have taken steps to describe their research on their phone keyboards with images instead of words. However, according to Mammola, the number of animal species represented rose from 45 in 2015 to 92 in 2022, yet the number of plants, fungi and microorganisms represented barely increased. Anderson said she wanted emojis for organisms like aquatic fungi as reflections of increased public awareness and indicators of their ecological value. “Having an emoji indicates that an organism is valued or important enough to be part of daily conversation,” she said. 28. What did Anderson complain about? A. Lack of available emojis for aquatic fungi. B. People’s disinterest in studying aquatic fungi. C. People’s unwillingness to save aquatic fungi. D. Difficulty in describing aquatic fungi in words. 29. Why are animal species better represented than other species? A. They are more common species. B. They matter more to biodiversity. C. They encourage human sympathy. D. They help remove human prejudice. 30. What is the benefit of a good representation of species on social media? A. Facilitating communication between scientists. B. Making biodiversity research more satisfactory. C. Deepening people’s understanding of biodiversity. D. Helping people grasp complex concepts of science. 31. What is Mammola’s attitude toward the progress of emoji biodiversity? A. Unclear. B. Unsatisfied. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful. 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是是一篇说明文。文章通过Mammola和Ficetola在会议上与Anderson的交谈引出话题，详细阐述了他们对表情符号库中物种代表性的研究及发现，包括动物、植物、真菌和微生物在表情符号中的呈现情况，说明了良好的物种表情符号呈现对宣传生物多样性的意义。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Jennifer Anderson, an expert in aquatic fungi(水生真菌), said that the subject of her research was not available in emoji(表情符号) form. (Jennifer Anderson，一位水生真菌专家，说她的研究对象没有可用的表情符号形式。)”可知，Anderson不满的是她的研究对象缺乏表情符号，故选A项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“We usually feel more caring and sympathetic towards living things that are genetically closer to us. (我们通常对与我们在基因上更接近的生物更有爱心和同情心。)”可知，之所以动物表情符号更多是因为人们通常对与其在基因上更接近的生物感到更关心和同情，故选C项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“ ‘A good representation of species on social media can arouse interest in unfamiliar organisms, greatly help publicize the message that biodiversity is much more than just cats, dogs, lions and pandas, and indirectly help conservation efforts,’ said Mammola. (Mammola说：“在社交媒体上展示物种可以引起人们对不熟悉生物的兴趣，极大地有助于宣传生物多样性不仅仅是猫、狗、狮子和熊猫的信息，并间接有助于保护工作。)”可知，有更多的表情符号能够有助于让更多人了解生物多样性，故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“However, according to Mammola, the number of animal species represented rose from 45 in 2015 to 92 in 2022, yet the number of plants, fungi and microorganisms represented barely increased. (然而，根据Mammola的数据，代表的动物物种数量从2015年的45种增加到2022年的92种，但代表的植物、真菌和微生物的数量几乎没有增加。)”可知，根据Mammola的说法，尽管动物物种的表情符号数量有所增长，但植物、真菌和微生物的表情符号数量几乎没有增加，所以Mammola对于表情符号多样性的进展现状是不满意的，故选B项。 D In the past few decades, Ray Kurzweil has made more than 100 forecasts about the future, of which 86% have proven to be accurate. Among his famous predictions is his daring claim that by 2029, artificial intelligence (AI) will pass the Turing test and achieve human-level intelligence. Perhaps his most significant prediction is that the singularity (奇点) will be reached by 2045, marking the point at which human intelligence fully integrates with AI and significantly improves our mental capabilities. Kurzwel’s positive view on the singularity stands in sharp opposition to the warnings from Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, and Bill Gates, who have voiced concerns about the potential risks of superintelligent AI. These figures fear that AI could become uncontrollable and threaten humanity’s survival. Kurzweil, however, sees AI not as an existential risk, but as a powerful tool for improving human abilities. He argues that AI won’t operate as an independent force but will function within a network designed to work alongside humans, improving rather than replacing our abilities. Kurzweil supports his viewpoint with existing technologies, like brain implants used to treat Parkinson’s disease (帕金森病）, suggesting that the integration process is already in progress. He envisions a future where, by the 2030s, individuals will connect their neocortex—the part of the brain responsible for advanced thinking—to the cloud, improving our memory, creativity, and problem-solving skills. Looking ahead to 2045, Kurzweil believes that the singularity will further enable humanity to address complex global challenges and unlock new levels of intellectual and creative potential. Rather than viewing this transformation as a threat, Kurzweil considers it a valuable opportunity for human progress, as AI will empower individuals to meet their physical and intellectual needs. He argues that this will lead to a society characterized by remarkable growth and achievement. 32. What is the significance of the year 2045 in Kurzweil’s predictions? A. It marks the time AI will beat human intelligence for the first time. B. It is the year when AI will successfully pass the Turing test. C. It is the year when AI will become totally uncontrollable. D. It marks the time human intelligence will completely combine with AI. 33. What concerns do the figures like Hawking, Musk, and Gates have about AI development? A. They believe AI will make humans dependent on technology. B. They fear AI could escape human control and endanger humanity. C. They think AI will make humans lose the ability to talk. D. They predict AI will lead to conflicts between nations. 34. Why does Kurzweil mention brain implants used for treating Parkinson’s disease? A. To show that the human-machine integration has already begun. B. To illustrate the potential dangers of AI in the medical field. C. To argue that AI has already beaten human intelligence. D. To suggest it is possible to find cure for Parkinson’s disease. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Kurzweil’s Dream: The Future of AI B. Kurzweil’s Analysis: AI and Humanity C. Kurzweil’s Prediction: Singularity by 2045 D. Kurzweil’s Warning: The Threat of AI 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了关于未来学家雷·库兹韦尔（Ray Kurzweil）对于人工智能（AI）发展的预测与观点。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Perhaps his most significant prediction is that the singularity (奇点) will be reached by 2045, marking the point at which human intelligence fully integrates with AI and significantly improves our mental capabilities.( 他或许最为重要的预测是，到2045年将会达到“奇点”，这标志着人类智能将完全与人工智能融合，并显著提升我们的心智能力。)”可知，在库兹韦尔的预测中，2045年的重要意义在于它标志着人类智能将完全与人工智能结合。这一预测被称为“奇点”，意味着人类与AI的融合将显著提升我们的心智能力。故选D。 33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“These figures fear that AI could become uncontrollable and threaten humanity’s survival. (这些人担心人工智能可能变得无法控制，威胁到人类的生存。)”可知，像霍金、马斯克和盖茨这样的人对人工智能的发展感到担忧的是，他们害怕AI可能会脱离人类控制并危及人类的生存。他们担心AI变得不可控，对人类构成威胁。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Kurzweil supports his viewpoint with existing technologies, like brain implants used to treat Parkinson’s disease (帕金森病）, suggesting that the integration process is already in progress. (库兹韦尔用现有的技术来支持他的观点，比如用于治疗帕金森病的大脑植入物，这表明整合过程已经在进行中。)”可知，库兹韦尔提到用于治疗帕金森病的脑植入物是为了表明人机融合的过程已经开始。他通过这一现有技术来支持自己的观点，即人类与机器的融合正在进行中。故选A。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Perhaps his most significant prediction is that the singularity (奇点) will be reached by 2045, marking the point at which human intelligence fully integrates with AI and significantly improves our mental capabilities.( 他或许最为重要的预测是，到2045年将会达到“奇点”，这标志着人类智能将完全与人工智能融合，并显著提升我们的心智能力。)”以及通读全文，文章主要围绕库兹韦尔对未来人工智能发展的预测展开，特别是他关于2045年达到“奇点”的预测，即人类智能与AI完全融合的时间点。因此，C选项“Kurzweil’s Prediction: Singularity by 2045(库兹韦尔预测：2045年将出现奇点)”最能概括文章的主旨。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the animal kingdom, parents adopt babies that aren’t their own, and even other species. Why do they do it? For foster(领养) parents, there are huge costs, with no promise of passing on genes. ____36____, because it seems to be wholly altruistic(利他主义的). But this makes it especially confusing in animals, who do not have the cultural influences we do. One of the most striking places to see adoption in the animal kingdom is AnoNuevo Island rising from the sea less than one kilometer off the rocky California coast. ____37____ From 1976, scientist Marianne Riedman studied adoption among the seals and why it was happening. It’s a crowed beach, with high tides and rough surf, which explains why many little seals each year were separated from their mothers at least once, some permanently. The researchers counted a total of 572 adopted little seals over the course. Interestingly, some adult seals were likely than others to become foster parents. For one thing, all the foster parents were female. ____38____ Yet among females, the most common foster seal was a mother who had lost her own child. Why might this be? One possible reason is that adoption helped these females reproduce later on. Regular nursing may cause them to give ovulation(排卵). ____39____ Another possibility is that mothers are prepared to care for their children immediately following birth. ____40____ the motivation towards care may be so great that they redirect their attention onto other unrelated little animals. A. Considering the absence of their own young B. Scientists have long been interested in adoption C. Once a year, it is home to hundreds of northern elephant seals to give birth D. Because those poor little seals can meet the seals of their own size in the foster family E. That’s unsurprising, for what drives these poor little seals to seek out care is the need to nurse F. In turn it could make a female more likely to give birth to her own child the following season G. Only in this way can the species go on keeping its unity and power to fight against the danger 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. E 39. F 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了自然界中动物王国中的父母会收养不是自己的婴儿，甚至是其他物种的婴儿，科学家们对这一现象很感兴趣。 【36题详解】 根据上一句“For foster(领养) parents, there are huge costs, with no promise of passing on genes.(对于养父母来说，需付出巨大的成本，而且没有传递基因的希望)”可知，人们会觉得奇怪，动物父母收养别人的孩子，自己没有任何获益，与空后部分“because it seems to be wholly altruistic.(因为它似乎完全是利他的)”意义一致，动物养父母为什么会收养别人孩子，这看似奇怪，所以科学家会对此感兴趣，从后文第四段至第六段科学家们对此做了探究。B项意为：科学家们一直对收养感兴趣，符合上下文。故选B项。 【37题详解】 根据上一句“One of the most striking places to see adoption in the animal kingdom is AnoNuevo Island, rising from the sea less than one kilometer off the rocky California coast.(动物王国中最引人注目的收养地之一是AnoNuevo岛，它从海上升起，离岩石嶙峋的加利福尼亚海岸不到一公里)”可知，科学家要探究动物收养问题，需要找到一个合适的发生这种现象的地方，并根据下一段首句“From 1976, scientist Marianne Riedman studied adoption among the seals and why it was happening.(从1976年开始，科学家玛丽安·里德曼(Marianne Riedman)研究了海豹之间的收养行为以及为什么会发生这种情况)”中出现的 the seals可知，在上一句中应提到这个岛上有海豹出生。故选C项。 【38题详解】 根据上一句“For one thing, all the foster parents were female.(首先，所有的养父母都是雌性)”，可知，收养别人家海豹的都是雌性海豹，接下来就会解释这个现象，E项内容：这并不奇怪，因为驱使这些可怜的小海豹寻求护理的原因是需要喂奶，符合语境，解释了一个原因，失去父母的幼小海豹会主动寻找母性海豹寻求关爱；及下文“Yet among females, the most common foster seal was a mother who had lost her own child.(然而，在雌性海豹中，最常见的寄养海豹是一个失去了自己孩子的母亲)”这又是另一层原因，失去自己孩子的母海豹产奶可以为别的海豹哺乳，有利于自己以后的繁殖，所以E项契合上下文。故选E项。 【39题详解】 根据上一句“Regular nursing may cause them to give (定期的哺乳可能会使她们排卵)”可知，这提到失去孩子的母海豹喂养别的海豹的一个好处，F项内容：反过来，这会使雌海豹更有可能在下一个季节生下自己的孩子，符合语境，“it”指代“ovulation”，排卵使她们更有可能再次生下自己的孩子。故选F项。 【40题详解】 该空后，句首字母没大写，可知，该空应该是和后面部分“the motivation towards care may be so great that they redirect their attention onto other unrelated little animals.(关爱的动机可能是如此强烈，以至于它们将注意力转移到其他不相关的小动物身上)”为同一个句子，A项Considering the absence of their own young(考虑到它们没有自己的幼崽)，这是一个非谓语结构，是空后句子的原因状语，语意完整通顺，自己的孩子找不到了去哺喂别的孩子，母性使然。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节 (共15 小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up in Mauritius, I love nature. Behind my house, there is a mountain named Le Pouce, where I spent much time ____41____ the forest as a kid. However, my instinct (天性) for exploration ____42____ at the water’s edge. Even though Mauritius is an island country ____43____ by the Indian Ocean, the thought of entering the ocean made me scared. When I was about 10, this started to ____44____. I began learning about the ____45____ climate change presented to island countries, and I started developing an interest in protecting the environment. I watched nature documentaries, ____46____ the steps I could take to change the world, ____47____ I still didn’t know how to effectively achieve it. Later, I took the National Geographic Society’s Exploring Conservation courses, which set me on a path to helping start and ____48____ The Oceanic Project, an organization dedicated to helping people understand the ocean and enhancing people’s ____49____ of protecting the ocean. Gradually, I realized how much humans _____50_____ the ocean for its natural resources and that it was not as dangerous as I had imagined. My fear was rooted in a(n) _____51_____ of falling into a river in my childhood. Determined to _____52_____ it, I became a certified diver last year. Diving plays a big part in my life now, and I work to _____53_____ the protection of the underwater environment. I helped run a summer camp for young divers. During that time, I led a beach cleanup to help the participants understand how human litter could end up in the ocean. I got encouraged by the influence of the activity when a parent told me her son insisted on _____54_____ plastic items in their home with bamboo alternatives after returning home. Protecting the ocean is very _____55_____ and I’ll keep dedicating myself to it. And I sincerely hope more people will join me. Only with everyone’s effort can we make the world a wonderful place for human beings. 41. A. exploring B. transforming C. extending D. constructing 42. A. expanded B. appeared C. assisted D. stopped 43. A. ruined B. surrounded C. covered D. represented 44. A. change B. decline C. repeat D. occur 45. A. progress B. threat C. opportunity D. image 46. A. avoiding B. resisting C. pretending D. considering 47. A. if B. yet C. so D. unless 48 A. lead B. follow C. recognize D. prevent 49. A. hesitation B. awareness C. memory D. concept 50. A. paid back B. adapted to C. depended on D. kept up 51. A. mood B. hobby C. discovery D. experience 52. A. confirm B. neglect C. overcome D. analyze 53. A. turn down B. hold back C. add up D. contribute to 54. A. mixing B. burning C. replacing D. combining 55. A. risky B. impractical C. shocking D. crucial 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者童年时对海洋充满恐惧，但10岁左右开始关注气候变化对岛国的威胁，通过学习环保知识和参加课程，逐渐克服恐惧，成为一名潜水员并投身海洋保护事业，创办了Oceanic Project组织，开办了年轻潜水员夏令营，致力于提高人们对海洋保护的意识。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的房子后面，有一座名为勒普斯的山，我小时候在那里花了很多时间探索森林。A. exploring探索；B. transforming转变；C. extending延伸；D. constructing建造。根据下文“my instinct (天性) for exploration”可知，作者有着探索本能，因此小时候在那里花了很多时间探索森林。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的探索本能止步于水边。A. expanded扩大；B. appeared出现；C. assisted协助；D. stopped停止。根据下文“the thought of entering the ocean made me scared”可知，一想到进入海洋，作者就感到害怕，因此探索本能止步于水边。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然毛里求斯是一个被印度洋包围的岛国，但一想到进入海洋，我就感到害怕。A. ruined毁坏；B. surrounded包围；C. covered覆盖；D. represented代表。根据上文“Mauritius is an island country”和下文“by the Indian Ocean”可推知，毛里求斯这个岛国是被印度洋包围。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我大约10岁的时候，情况开始发生变化。A. change改变；B. decline下降；C. repeat重复；D. occur发生。根据下文“I began learning about the ____5____ climate change presented to island countries, and I started developing an interest in protecting the environment.”可知，作者开始了解关于岛国的事情，且开始对保护环境产生兴趣，因此情况开始发生变化。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始了解气候变化给岛国带来的威胁，并开始对保护环境产生兴趣。A. progress进步；B. threat威胁；C. opportunity机会；D. image形象。根据下文“climate change presented to island countries”可推知，气候变化给岛国带来了威胁。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看了自然纪录片，考虑我可以采取什么措施来改变世界，然而我仍然不知道如何有效地实现它。A. avoiding避免；B. resisting抵抗；C. pretending假装；D. considering考虑。根据上文“I watched nature documentaries”和下文“the steps I could take to change the world”可推知，作者在看自然纪录片时，会考虑自己可以采取什么措施来改变世界。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我看了自然纪录片，考虑我可以采取什么措施来改变世界，然而我仍然不知道如何有效地实现它。A. if如果；B. yet然而；C. so所以；D. unless除非。根据下文“I still didn’t know how to effectively achieve it”可知，作者仍然不知道如何有效地实现改变世界，和前面构成转折，应用yet“然而”衔接。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我参加了美国国家地理学会的探索保护课程，这让我走上了帮助启动和领导Oceanic Project的道路，这个组织致力于帮助人们了解海洋，提高人们保护海洋的意识。A. lead领导；B. follow跟随；C. recognize认出；D. prevent防止。根据上文“which set me on a path to helping start”和下文“The Oceanic Project”可推知，作者是走上了帮助启动和领导Oceanic Project的道路。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我参加了美国国家地理学会的探索保护课程，这让我走上了帮助启动和领导Oceanic Project的道路，这个组织致力于帮助人们了解海洋，提高人们保护海洋的意识。A. hesitation犹豫；B. awareness意识；C. memory记忆；D. concept概念。根据上文“an organization dedicated to helping people understand the ocean and enhancing people’s”和下文“of protecting the ocean”可推知，这类环保组织通常是为了帮助人们了解海洋，提高人们保护海洋的意识。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，我意识到人类是多么依赖海洋的自然资源，它并不像我想象的那么危险。A. paid back偿还；B. adapted to适应；C. depended on依赖；D. kept up保持。根据下文“the ocean for its natural resources”可推知，人类依赖海洋的自然资源。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的恐惧源于童年时掉进河里的一次经历。A. mood情绪；B. hobby爱好；C. discovery发现；D. experience经历。根据上文“My fear”和下文“of falling into a river in my childhood”可推知，作者的恐惧是因为童年时掉进河里的一次经历。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下定决心克服它，我去年成为了一名合格的潜水员。A. confirm确认；B. neglect忽视；C. overcome克服；D. analyze分析。根据下文“I became a certified diver last year”可知，作者成为了一名合格的潜水员，这应该是为了克服自己对水的恐惧。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：潜水在我现在的生活中扮演着重要的角色，我努力为保护水下环境做出贡献。A. turn down拒绝；B. hold back抑制；C. add up总计；D. contribute to为……做贡献。根据下文“I helped run a summer camp for young divers. During that time, I led a beach cleanup to help the participants understand how human litter could end up in the ocean.”可知，作者帮助开办了一个年轻潜水员夏令营，领导过海滩清理活动，帮助参与者了解人类垃圾是如何进入海洋的，因此是努力为保护水下环境做出贡献。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位家长告诉我，她的儿子回家后坚持要把家里的塑料物品换成竹子的，这让我深受鼓舞。A. mixing混合；B. burning燃烧；C. replacing替换；D. combining结合。根据上文“During that time, I led a beach cleanup to help the participants understand how human litter could end up in the ocean.”和“plastic items in their home with bamboo alternatives after returning home.”可知，作者领导过海滩清理活动，帮助参与者了解人类垃圾是如何进入海洋的，因此参与该活动的孩子会践行环保理念，坚持要把家里的塑料物品换成竹子的。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保护海洋是非常重要的，我将继续致力于这一事业。A. risky有风险的；B. impractical不切实际的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据下文“I’ll keep dedicating myself to it”可知，作者将继续致力于保护海洋的事业，因此是认为这非常重要。故选D。 第二节 补全语篇(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：(1)每个选项只能使用一次；(2)方框中有一个多余选项。 A. by contrast B. decline C. rarely D. are a far cry from E. going about F. carry on G. ancestor H. primitive I. go deeper into J. interact with K. characteristics Did you know that when you visit the zoo and see the chimpanzees (黑猩猩), you are visiting animals related to you? Humans and chimpanzees have a common ____56____ that existed millions of years ago. Scientists group us together because we share similar ____57____, like hands that can grasp things and brains that are large compared to body size. Humans ____58____ chimpanzees in that we walk on our feet, we possess language, and we are much less hairy, for sure! Another big difference between humans and chimpanzees is how long we live. Chimpanzees ____59____ live past their 40’s. Humans, ____60____, can live past our 80’s. As we humans get older, we can still do many of the things we enjoy, such as ____61____ our daily exercise and playing with our grandchildren, but our activity levels may ____62____, and we are also more likely to get sick. Chimpanzees have shorter lifespans, so many of them miss out on the fun that humans may experience in old age. For example, they have less opportunity to ____63____ their grandchildren. This may seem sad, but chimpanzees have a different family structure from humans’, so the absence of grandparents does not affect their lifestyle. Is it cool that humans can live to such an advanced age? Next time you visit the zoo, ____64____ the differences and similarities between you and your ____65____ relatives, and how amazing it is that humans can live for such a long time. 【答案】56. G 57. K 58. D 59. C 60. A 61. E 62. B 63. J 64. I 65. H 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人类与黑猩猩有共同祖先，但寿命差异显著，人类寿命更长，因为生活方式不同。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意：人类和黑猩猩有一个共同的祖先，存在于数百万年前。此处需要名词作宾语，被形容词common修饰，根据下文“like hands that can grasp things and brains that are large compared to body size.”可知，人类与猩猩的都手可以抓东西，大脑比身体大，即有相似的生理特征，所以人类与猩猩有共同的祖先。选项G. “ancestor ”符合题意。故选G。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：科学家们把我们归为一类是因为我们有相似的特征，比如手可以抓东西，大脑比身体大。此处需要名词作宾语，被形容词similar修饰，根据下文“like hands that can grasp things and brains that are large compared to body size.”可知，可知，人类与猩猩的都手可以抓东西，大脑比身体大，即有相似的生理特征，选项K. “characteristics ”符合题意。故选K。 【58题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：人类与黑猩猩相距甚远，因为我们用脚走路，我们拥有语言，而且我们的毛发要少得多。此处需要动词作谓语，根据下文“in that we walk on our feet, we possess language, and we are much less hairy, for sure! Another big difference between humans and chimpanzees is how long we live.”可知，人类与猩猩在走路方式，语言，毛发及寿命上有很大区别，即人类和黑猩猩相去甚远。选项D. “are a far cry from ”符合句意。故选D。 【59题详解】 考查副词。句意：黑猩猩很少能活过40岁。相比之下，人类可以活到80多岁。此处需要使用副词作状语，修饰动作live，根据上文“Another big difference between humans and chimpanzees is how long we live.”可知，人类与猩猩的寿命存在巨大差异，猩猩寿命几乎不超过40，人类寿命可以超多80。选项C. “rarely ”符合句意。故选C。 【60题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：黑猩猩很少能活过40岁。相比之下，人类可以活到80多岁。根据上文“live past their 40’s. Human”及“can live past our 80’s”可知，经过对照，人类与猩猩的寿命存在巨大差异。选项A“by contrast”符合题意。故选A。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人类年龄的增长，我们仍然可以做很多我们喜欢做的事情，比如日常锻炼和和孙子孙女一起玩，但我们的活动水平可能会下降，我们也更容易生病。此处需要名词或动名词作宾语，根据下文“and playing with our grandchildren”可知，此处指从事日常锻炼。选项E “going about ”符合题意。故选E。 【62题详解】 考查动词。句意：随着人类年龄的增长，我们仍然可以做很多我们喜欢做的事情，比如日常锻炼和和孙子孙女一起玩，但我们的活动水平可能会下降，我们也更容易生病。此处需要使用动词原形与may搭配共同构成谓语，根据下文“we are also more likely to get sick.”可知，人类生病时，生活水平会下降。选项B“decline (下降)”符合句意。故选B。 【63题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：例如，他们与孙辈互动的机会更少。此处需要使用动词与to搭配构成非谓语，根据下文“so the absence of grandparents does not affect their lifestyle.”可知，猩猩没有祖父母，因此几乎没有机会与孙辈互动，选项J “interact with”符合题意。故选J。 【64题详解】 考查动词。句意：下次你去动物园的时候，深入了解一下你和你的原始亲戚之间的异同，以及人类能活这么长时间是多么的神奇。此处需要动词原形放在句首，作谓语，即祈使句的形式，根据“ the differences and similarities ”可知，此处指深入了解异同。选项I “go deeper into”符合题意。故选I。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意：下次你去动物园的时候，深入了解一下你和你的原始亲戚之间的异同，以及人类能活这么长时间是多么的神奇。此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词relatives，根据文章内容可知，猩猩与人类有共同的祖先，因此这里指猩猩与人类是原始的近亲。选项H “primitive”符合句意。故选H。 第三节(共10小题, 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. In China, the principles of three as — reduce, reuse, recycle — are being brought to life in a unique way at the Mingsha Mountain C re scent Spring (月牙泉) scenic spot in Dunhuang, northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the tourist season in full swing, the site, crowded ___66___ about 20, 000 visitors daily, has put significant pressure on cleaning workers and made waste management an urgent challenge. ___67___ (address) this issue, the scenic area introduced an ___68___ (innovation) program named “Trash hunt for gifts” ___69___ (encourage) to carry rubbish bags on them by the program, visitors can collect litter around the site. In return, they ___70___ (reward) with small gifts that reflect Dunhuang’s rich cultural heritage. This move represents efforts to promote ___71___ (responsible) and care for the environment. The site has witnessed various families ___72___ (active) filling their rubbish bags, with children excited to trade their collected litter for gifts. The parents proudly emphasized how these small actions made ___73___ big difference for the environment. Such an activity is turning tourists into environmental care takers, ___74___ (contribute) to the preservation of the site’s beauty. Similar activities are spreading across China and showing a growing situation ____75____ tourists are not only passive visitors but are also becoming effective protectors of these cherished natural wonders. 【答案】66. with 67. To address 68. innovative 69. Encouraged 70. are rewarded##will be rewarded 71. responsibility 72. actively 73. a 74. contributing 75. where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于中国西北部甘肃省敦煌市的鸣沙山月牙泉景区以一种独特的方式践行“减少、再利用、再循环”的环保三原则，即推出“捡垃圾换礼物”的创新项目，鼓励游客参与环保行动，共同保护景区美景。 【66题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着旅游旺季的全面展开，该景点每天约有2万名游客拥挤不堪，这给清洁工带来了巨大压力，也使垃圾管理成为紧迫的挑战。crowded with...是固定搭配，意为“挤满了……”。故填with。 【67题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这个问题，景区推出了一项名为“捡垃圾换礼物”的创新项目。“(address) this issue”是“the scenic area introduced an (innovation) program”的目的，用不定式作目的状语，意为“为了解决这个问题”；句首单词首字母大写。故填To address。 【68题详解】 考查形容词。句意：为了解决这个问题，景区推出了一项名为“捡垃圾换礼物”的创新项目。提示词修饰名词program，用形容词innovative作定语，意为“创新的”。故填innovative。 【69题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在该项目的鼓励下，游客们会随身携带垃圾袋，收集景区周围的垃圾。“(encourage) to carry rubbish bags on them by the program”作原因状语，encourage(鼓励)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语visitors之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Encouraged。 【70题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：作为回报，他们将获得反映敦煌丰富文化遗产的小礼物。reward(奖赏；奖励)是句子谓语动词，与主语they之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处表示经常性或者将来的动作，可以用一般现在时或者一般将来时，应用一般现在时或者一般将来时的被动语态。故填are rewarded/will be rewarded。 【71题详解】 考查名词。句意：此举代表了促进责任感和关心环境的努力。提示词作宾语，用名词responsibility，意为“责任感”，不可数名词。故填responsibility。 【72题详解】 考查副词。句意：该景点见证了各个家庭积极地填满他们的垃圾袋，孩子们兴奋地用他们收集的垃圾换取礼物。提示词修饰动词filling，用副词作状语，意为“积极地”。故填actively。 【73题详解】 考查冠词。句意：父母们自豪地强调，这些小小的行动对环境产生了巨大的影响。make a difference是固定短语，意为“产生影响”。故填a。 【74题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这样的活动正在把游客变成环境保护者，为保护景区的美景做出贡献。“(contribute) to the preservation of the site’s beauty”作后置定语，contribute(做贡献)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语care takers之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填contributing。 【75题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：类似的活动正在中国各地蔓延，显示出一种日益增长的形势，即游客不仅是被动的参观者，而且正在成为这些珍贵的自然奇观的有效保护者。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词situation ，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这种形势中”，是模糊地点，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 第四部分 写作(共一节，满分25分) 76. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Real Champion I like running and for me, success was winning every race I participated in. My classmates called me Incredible Dash. One day, there was a sporting event planned in my school. Well-prepared for the running competition, I took part in almost every race there was. A large number of people gathered to watch. Crowds were eager to see the running race because it was the most exciting event. When the race for 400m started, all the boys ran fast. Unsurprisingly, I finished first in the race and received a big round of applause. While it was tiring, I felt proud and was on top of my world. In the race for 200m, I ran full speed and finished the race first once again. The crowd gave thundering claps to me. I jumped all over the ground and was not bothered to give handshakes to my fellow racers. Then came the race for 100m. Discouraged by the previous races, most boys quit the race except one, a boy named Matt who was invited as an honorary runner. Matt was born with low vision but he was a determined participant of many sports. The judge came to Matt and explained the situation, asking whether he would like to quit too. I, wild with joy, thought I would win the champion without effort. However, to everyone’s surprise, Matt decided to complete the event. I sniffed (嗤之以鼻), “It is a waste of time. I bet he even doesn’t figure out where the finish line is.” The race of two started. On hearing the starting gun, both Matt and I ran to the finish line, Soon I sped up and left Matt behind. Just 30 meters before arriving at the finish line, I was expecting to receive the applause for the third time when I suffered a leg spasm (抽筋). 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I fell hard to the ground. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Arm by arm, we walked towards the finish line. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I fell hard to the ground. At this moment I felt sad and ashamed that I couldn’t finish the race. I lay on the ground, unwilling to face the fact and the crowds. I imagined the sneering faces and don’t know how to react. Suddenly a hand reached out to me. I raised my head and found it’s Matt. “Let’s run together.” he said. There was just sincerity on his face, no mock. I believed I should trust him, and gave him my hand. Arm by arm, we walked towards the finish line. The crowds fell into silence,and then broke into loud applause. What did they applaud for? I think I know. Bowing to Matt, I thanked Matt for his help and admitted he was the champion. “No, I participate in the race not for the champion, just for the participation. You are very excellent.” he said. I was surprised at first, and then realized that the full engagement and good faith deserved the real champion. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。作者是一名短跑选手，几乎可以赢得所参加过的每一次比赛，在同学中享受盛名，但是在一次比赛中，其他同学因为作者的实力感到气馁，都退出了比赛，只剩下一名叫马特的同学和作者比赛，作者一开始很是轻视，但是在比赛中作者的腿突然抽筋，在马特的帮助下走到了终点线，作者也终于明白什么才是真正的冠军。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我重重地摔倒在地。”可知，第一段可描写作者感到很难堪，这时马特伸出援手。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们手挽着手朝终点线走去。”可知，第二段可描写作者非常感激马特，也明白了什么才是真正的冠军。 2.续写线索：摔倒在地——羞愧难堪——伸出援手——一起走——鼓掌——道谢——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.完成：finish/complete ②.发现：find/discover ③.信任：trust /believe in 情绪类 ①.不情愿的：unwilling/reluctant ②.嘲讽的：sneering/sarcastic 【点睛】[高分句型1] Bowing to Matt, I thanked Matt for his help and admitted he was the champion. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] I was surprised at first, and then realized that the full engagement and good faith deserved the real champion. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 深圳市聚龙科学中学2024-2025学年度上学期第二次段考 高二英语试卷 第一部分 基础知识 (共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分) 单项选择 请从所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选择可以填入空格处的最佳选项。 1. When teachers ________ homework, students usually feel a moral duty to do it. A. detect B. assign C. generate D. conclude 2. He was one of the most creative and ________ engineers of his generation — he always comes up with good ideas. A. innovative B. persevering C. worthy D. remarkable 3. The learning needs of the two groups are quite ________ from each other. A. obvious B. apparent C. distinct D. distinctive 4. If you ________ a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light. A. guarantee B. disturb C. probe D. suspect 5. The hotel offers various ________ facilities such as a swimming pool and sauna. A. economy B. motion C. leisure D. amusement 6. There have been questions about his ________ to lead the company. A. application B. association C. conservation D. qualifications 7. He put me on the ________ a bit because he invited me right in front of his mum and I didn’t particularly want to go. A. mood B. spot C. embarrassment D. expectation 8. The researchers say that television viewing maybe a risk factor for all Alzheimer’s disease, but more researches are needed to establish a ________. A. negotiation B. cooperation C. trick D. link 9. The matter ________ is whether we should proceed (继续) with the project or not. A. in question B. of all time C. on display D. in favour 10. More than 25 millions years old, the Great Barrier Reef ________ living coral growing on dead coral. A is made up of B. bursts onto C. descends upon D. brings out 11. Men do not find it to be all ________ when they settle down in a new colony. A. among the top concerns B. under threat C. smooth sailing D. ups and downs 12. Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun received the Nobel Prize for their ________ discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. A. well-known B. breathtaking C. ground-breaking D. highly-skilled 13. He was educated at the local grammar school, after ________ he went on to Cambridge. A. which B. when C. where D. whom 14. Supporters of the Democratic Party of the US dread ________ what will happen if Donald Trump gets elected. A. thinking B. being thought C. to be thought D. to think 15. I like how technology is changing sports. ________ the latest equipment, such as smart earphones, allows people to get the best out of their training. A. Wear B. Wearing C. To wear D. To be wearing 16. She had pale crimped hair over her temples, and her lips were ________ to reveal large, even teeth. A parting B. parted C. to part D. to be parted 17. Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ________. A. had expected B. expected C. have expected D. expect 18. Researchers at the University of Arkansas in the United States say that the mobile robots which ________ already are ideal for the job of hospital attendants. A had created B. had been created C. have been created D. have created 19. He ________ his novel all day long, and hopefully he will complete it in a week. A. has written B. has been writing C. is writing D. writes 20. In the past one hour, the fire ________ almost to the top floor, with residents crowding into roof exit. A. extended B. was extending C. has extended D. has been extending 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Nobel Prizes for 2024 have honored groundbreaking discoveries and achievements that have significantly benefited humankind in various ways. These winners have made remarkable contributions to their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and understanding. Nobel Prize in Physics The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. They employed physics tools to develop methods that paved the way for advanced machine learning. Hopfield created a structure capable of storing and reconstructing information, while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks. Nobel Prize in Chemistry In Chemistry, the focus was on proteins, vital for life. David Baker achieved the seemingly impossible by crafting entirely new protein types. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their Al model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential. Nobel Prize in Literature Han Kang, a South Korean author, won the Nobel Prize in Literature for her intense poetic prose (散文) addressing historical mental scars and exposing human life’s weakness. Her unique awareness of body-soul connections and her innovative style have made her a contemporary prose pioneer. Nobel Peace Prize The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors. This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. The organization was formed by survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima (广岛) and Nagasaki (长崎) in1945. 21. Whose contribution is vital for artificial neural connections? A. Geoffrey Hinton. B. Demis Hassabis. C. Han Kang. D. John Hopfield. 22. What assisted scientists in solving a half-century-old problem? A. Crafting new protein types. B. Advanced machine learning. C. AI model. D. Analyzing data properties. 23. Which prize was awarded to a group? A. Nobel Prize in Physics. B. Nobel Prize in Chemistry. C. Nobel Prize in Literature. D. Nobel Peace Prize. B O. Henry(1862-1910) was an American short story author whose real name was William Sydney Porter. Henry’s works reflected his wide-range of experiences and are distinctive for its witticism(俏皮话), clever wordplay, and unexpected twist endings. Like many other writers, O. Henry’s early career aims were unfocused and he wandered across different activities and professions before he finally found his calling as a short story writer. He started working in his uncle’s drugstore in 1879. Later, he moved to Texas where he lived on a farm and learned sheep shepherding, cooking, babysitting, and bits of Spanish and German from the many migrant farmhands. Over the next several years, he took a number of different jobs, from drafting to journalism, and banking, but he was careless with accounting, thus fired by the bank and charged with a crime in 1894. He fled the day before the trial in 1896, first to New Orleans, then to Honduras, where he learned his wife was dying and could not join him, so he returned to Austin and turned himself in to the court. His father-in-law helped him out so he could remain with his wife until her death in 1897. Later he was sentenced and served in Federal prison in Ohio from 1989-1902. The many twists and turns of O. Henry’s own life, including his travels in Latin America and time spent in prison, clearly inspired his stories’ twists and wordplay. His prolific writing period began in 1902 in New York City, where he wrote 381 short stories which show his obvious affection for this City and its diversity of people and places. O. Henry’s trademark is his witty, plot-twisting endings, and his warm characterization of the awkward and difficult situations and the creative ways people find to deal with them, which typically features in his work like The Last Leaf, The Gift of the Magi, etc. All of his stories are highly entertaining, whether read for pleasure or studied in classrooms around the world. Unfortunately, O. Henry’s personal tragedy was heavy drinking. He died in 1910 of several diseases. He was a gifted short story writer and left us a rich legacy of great stories to enjoy. 24. What happened to O. Henry in his early life? A. He took up writing as his lifelong profession early on. B. He had a pretty good command of Spanish and German. C. He engaged himself with numerous jobs to experience life. D. He failed to live a stable life and switched jobs for a living. 25. What does the underlined word “prolific” in paragraph 4 mean? A. relevant B. productive C. profitable D. original 26. Which of the following words can best describe O. Henry’s works? A. Educational and tragic. B. Unpredictable and serious. C. Fascinating and twisty. D. Extraordinary and formal. 27. What does O. Henry’s life story convey? A. More haste, less speed. B. Time and tide wait for no man. C. He who laughs last laughs best. D. Suffering is a stepping stone to genius. C When Mammola and Ficetola went to an ecology conference in 2021, they met a scientist with an unusual complaint. Jennifer Anderson, an expert in aquatic fungi(水生真菌), said that the subject of her research was not available in emoji(表情符号) form. “If you are doing the important work of trying to save whales, you can use pictures or images to help you communicate this,” said Anderson. “If you are working to save the aquatic fungi, you first must let people know that they exist, and then describe in words what they look like.” Struck by their conversation with Anderson and alarmed at how unusual species were ignored, the Italian scientists set out to find out how well species were represented in the emoji library. The answer wasn’t satisfactory at all: animals were well represented by available emojis but plants, fungi and microorganisms(微生物) were not. “Our findings confirm a typical prejudice in biodiversity research and a feature of human psychology,” said Mammola. “We usually feel more caring and sympathetic towards living things that are genetically closer to us.” “A good representation of species on social media can arouse interest in unfamiliar organisms, greatly help publicize the message that biodiversity is much more than just cats, dogs, lions and pandas, and indirectly help conservation efforts,” said Mammola. “There are an impressive number of organisms, and all of them play a fundamental role on our planet, even the ones we know less about.” Some scientists have taken steps to describe their research on their phone keyboards with images instead of words. However, according to Mammola, the number of animal species represented rose from 45 in 2015 to 92 in 2022, yet the number of plants, fungi and microorganisms represented barely increased. Anderson said she wanted emojis for organisms like aquatic fungi as reflections of increased public awareness and indicators of their ecological value. “Having an emoji indicates that an organism is valued or important enough to be part of daily conversation,” she said. 28. What did Anderson complain about? A. Lack of available emojis for aquatic fungi. B. People’s disinterest in studying aquatic fungi. C. People’s unwillingness to save aquatic fungi. D Difficulty in describing aquatic fungi in words. 29. Why are animal species better represented than other species? A. They are more common species. B. They matter more to biodiversity. C. They encourage human sympathy. D. They help remove human prejudice. 30. What is the benefit of a good representation of species on social media? A. Facilitating communication between scientists. B. Making biodiversity research more satisfactory. C. Deepening people’s understanding of biodiversity. D. Helping people grasp complex concepts of science. 31. What is Mammola’s attitude toward the progress of emoji biodiversity? A. Unclear. B. Unsatisfied. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful. D In the past few decades, Ray Kurzweil has made more than 100 forecasts about the future, of which 86% have proven to be accurate. Among his famous predictions is his daring claim that by 2029, artificial intelligence (AI) will pass the Turing test and achieve human-level intelligence. Perhaps his most significant prediction is that the singularity (奇点) will be reached by 2045, marking the point at which human intelligence fully integrates with AI and significantly improves our mental capabilities. Kurzwel’s positive view on the singularity stands in sharp opposition to the warnings from Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, and Bill Gates, who have voiced concerns about the potential risks of superintelligent AI. These figures fear that AI could become uncontrollable and threaten humanity’s survival. Kurzweil, however, sees AI not as an existential risk, but as a powerful tool for improving human abilities. He argues that AI won’t operate as an independent force but will function within a network designed to work alongside humans, improving rather than replacing our abilities. Kurzweil supports his viewpoint with existing technologies, like brain implants used to treat Parkinson’s disease (帕金森病）, suggesting that the integration process is already in progress. He envisions a future where, by the 2030s, individuals will connect their neocortex—the part of the brain responsible for advanced thinking—to the cloud, improving our memory, creativity, and problem-solving skills. Looking ahead to 2045, Kurzweil believes that the singularity will further enable humanity to address complex global challenges and unlock new levels of intellectual and creative potential. Rather than viewing this transformation as a threat, Kurzweil considers it a valuable opportunity for human progress, as AI will empower individuals to meet their physical and intellectual needs. He argues that this will lead to a society characterized by remarkable growth and achievement. 32. What is the significance of the year 2045 in Kurzweil’s predictions? A. It marks the time AI will beat human intelligence for the first time. B. It is the year when AI will successfully pass the Turing test. C. It is the year when AI will become totally uncontrollable. D. It marks the time human intelligence will completely combine with AI. 33. What concerns do the figures like Hawking, Musk, and Gates have about AI development? A. They believe AI will make humans dependent on technology. B. They fear AI could escape human control and endanger humanity. C. They think AI will make humans lose the ability to talk. D. They predict AI will lead to conflicts between nations. 34. Why does Kurzweil mention brain implants used for treating Parkinson’s disease? A. To show that the human-machine integration has already begun. B. To illustrate the potential dangers of AI in the medical field. C. To argue that AI has already beaten human intelligence. D. To suggest it is possible to find cure for Parkinson’s disease. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Kurzweil’s Dream: The Future of AI B. Kurzweil’s Analysis: AI and Humanity C. Kurzweil’s Prediction: Singularity by 2045 D. Kurzweil’s Warning: The Threat of AI 第二节 (共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the animal kingdom, parents adopt babies that aren’t their own, and even other species. Why do they do it? For foster(领养) parents, there are huge costs, with no promise of passing on genes. ____36____, because it seems to be wholly altruistic(利他主义的). But this makes it especially confusing in animals, who do not have the cultural influences we do. One of the most striking places to see adoption in the animal kingdom is AnoNuevo Island, rising from the sea less than one kilometer off the rocky California coast. ____37____ From 1976, scientist Marianne Riedman studied adoption among the seals and why it was happening. It’s a crowed beach, with high tides and rough surf, which explains why many little seals each year were separated from their mothers at least once, some permanently. The researchers counted a total of 572 adopted little seals over the course. Interestingly, some adult seals were likely than others to become foster parents. For one thing, all the foster parents were female. ____38____ Yet among females, the most common foster seal was a mother who had lost her own child. Why might this be? One possible reason is that adoption helped these females reproduce later on. Regular nursing may cause them to give ovulation(排卵). ____39____ Another possibility is that mothers are prepared to care for their children immediately following birth. ____40____ the motivation towards care may be so great that they redirect their attention onto other unrelated little animals. A. Considering the absence of their own young B. Scientists have long been interested in adoption C. Once a year, it is home to hundreds of northern elephant seals to give birth D. Because those poor little seals can meet the seals of their own size in the foster family E. That’s unsurprising, for what drives these poor little seals to seek out care is the need to nurse F. In turn it could make a female more likely to give birth to her own child the following season G. Only in this way can the species go on keeping its unity and power to fight against the danger 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节 (共15 小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up in Mauritius, I love nature. Behind my house, there is a mountain named Le Pouce, where I spent much time ____41____ the forest as a kid. However, my instinct (天性) for exploration ____42____ at the water’s edge. Even though Mauritius is an island country ____43____ by the Indian Ocean, the thought of entering the ocean made me scared. When I was about 10, this started to ____44____. I began learning about the ____45____ climate change presented to island countries, and I started developing an interest in protecting the environment. I watched nature documentaries, ____46____ the steps I could take to change the world, ____47____ I still didn’t know how to effectively achieve it. Later, I took the National Geographic Society’s Exploring Conservation courses, which set me on a path to helping start and ____48____ The Oceanic Project, an organization dedicated to helping people understand the ocean and enhancing people’s ____49____ of protecting the ocean. Gradually, I realized how much humans _____50_____ the ocean for its natural resources and that it was not as dangerous as I had imagined. My fear was rooted in a(n) _____51_____ of falling into a river in my childhood. Determined to _____52_____ it, I became a certified diver last year. Diving plays a big part in my life now, and I work to _____53_____ the protection of the underwater environment. I helped run a summer camp for young divers. During that time, I led a beach cleanup to help the participants understand how human litter could end up in the ocean. I got encouraged by the influence of the activity when a parent told me her son insisted on _____54_____ plastic items in their home with bamboo alternatives after returning home. Protecting the ocean is very _____55_____ and I’ll keep dedicating myself to it. And I sincerely hope more people will join me. Only with everyone’s effort can we make the world a wonderful place for human beings. 41. A. exploring B. transforming C. extending D. constructing 42. A. expanded B. appeared C. assisted D. stopped 43. A. ruined B. surrounded C. covered D. represented 44. A. change B. decline C. repeat D. occur 45. A. progress B. threat C. opportunity D. image 46. A. avoiding B. resisting C. pretending D. considering 47. A. if B. yet C. so D. unless 48. A. lead B. follow C. recognize D. prevent 49. A. hesitation B. awareness C. memory D. concept 50. A. paid back B. adapted to C. depended on D. kept up 51. A. mood B. hobby C. discovery D. experience 52. A. confirm B. neglect C. overcome D. analyze 53. A. turn down B. hold back C. add up D. contribute to 54. A. mixing B. burning C. replacing D. combining 55. A. risky B. impractical C. shocking D. crucial 第二节 补全语篇(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：(1)每个选项只能使用一次；(2)方框中有一个多余选项。 A. by contrast B. decline C. rarely D. are a far cry from E. going about F. carry on G. ancestor H. primitive I. go deeper into J. interact with K. characteristics Did you know that when you visit the zoo and see the chimpanzees (黑猩猩), you are visiting animals related to you? Humans and chimpanzees have a common ____56____ that existed millions of years ago. Scientists group us together because we share similar ____57____, like hands that can grasp things and brains that are large compared to body size. Humans ____58____ chimpanzees in that we walk on our feet, we possess language, and we are much less hairy, for sure! Another big difference between humans and chimpanzees is how long we live. Chimpanzees ____59____ live past their 40’s. Humans, ____60____, can live past our 80’s. As we humans get older, we can still do many of the things we enjoy, such as ____61____ our daily exercise and playing with our grandchildren, but our activity levels may ____62____, and we are also more likely to get sick. Chimpanzees have shorter lifespans, so many of them miss out on the fun that humans may experience in old age. For example, they have less opportunity to ____63____ their grandchildren. This may seem sad, but chimpanzees have a different family structure from humans’, so the absence of grandparents does not affect their lifestyle. Is it cool that humans can live to such an advanced age? Next time you visit the zoo, ____64____ the differences and similarities between you and your ____65____ relatives, and how amazing it is that humans can live for such a long time. 第三节(共10小题, 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. In China, the principles of three as — reduce, reuse, recycle — are being brought to life in a unique way at the Mingsha Mountain C re scent Spring (月牙泉) scenic spot in Dunhuang, northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the tourist season in full swing, the site, crowded ___66___ about 20, 000 visitors daily, has put significant pressure on cleaning workers and made waste management an urgent challenge. ___67___ (address) this issue, the scenic area introduced an ___68___ (innovation) program named “Trash hunt for gifts” ___69___ (encourage) to carry rubbish bags on them by the program, visitors can collect litter around the site. In return, they ___70___ (reward) with small gifts that reflect Dunhuang’s rich cultural heritage. This move represents efforts to promote ___71___ (responsible) and care for the environment. The site has witnessed various families ___72___ (active) filling their rubbish bags, with children excited to trade their collected litter for gifts. The parents proudly emphasized how these small actions made ___73___ big difference for the environment. Such an activity is turning tourists into environmental care takers, ___74___ (contribute) to the preservation of the site’s beauty. Similar activities are spreading across China and showing a growing situation ____75____ tourists are not only passive visitors but are also becoming effective protectors of these cherished natural wonders. 第四部分 写作(共一节，满分25分) 76. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Real Champion I like running and for me, success was winning every race I participated in. My classmates called me Incredible Dash. One day, there was a sporting event planned in my school. Well-prepared for the running competition, I took part in almost every race there was. A large number of people gathered to watch. Crowds were eager to see the running race because it was the most exciting event. When the race for 400m started, all the boys ran fast. Unsurprisingly, I finished first in the race and received a big round of applause. While it was tiring, I felt proud and was on top of my world. In the race for 200m, I ran full speed and finished the race first once again. The crowd gave thundering claps to me. I jumped all over the ground and was not bothered to give handshakes to my fellow racers. Then came the race for 100m. Discouraged by the previous races, most boys quit the race except one, a boy named Matt who was invited as an honorary runner. Matt was born with low vision but he was a determined participant of many sports. The judge came to Matt and explained the situation, asking whether he would like to quit too. I, wild with joy, thought I would win the champion without effort. However, to everyone’s surprise, Matt decided to complete the event. I sniffed (嗤之以鼻), “It is a waste of time. I bet he even doesn’t figure out where the finish line is.” The race of two started. On hearing the starting gun, both Matt and I ran to the finish line, Soon I sped up and left Matt behind. Just 30 meters before arriving at the finish line, I was expecting to receive the applause for the third time when I suffered a leg spasm (抽筋). 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I fell hard to the ground. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Arm by arm, we walked towards the finish line. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$