Unit 2 No rules,No order Section A 1a-1d（重难知识导学&精练）-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练（人教版2024）

Unit 2 No rules,No order Section A 1a-1d 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 主题内容： 1.约束自我行为，遵守规则 2.在学校环境中遵守规则，构建良好秩序 1. 掌握重点单词：rule（规则）、arrive（到达）、hallway（走廊）、uniform（校服）、litter（乱扔垃圾）、polite（有礼貌的）、respect（尊重）等。 2. 掌握句型：Don't +动词原形，表示禁止做某事；主语 + must/mustn't + 动词原形，表示必须/禁止做某事。 3. 学会运用相关词汇和句型谈论学校规则，能正确表达对规则的看法。 1、 重点单词。 1. _____________：n. 规则；规章 2. _____________：v. 到达；抵达 3. _____________：n. 走廊；过道 4. _____________：n. 校服；制服 5. _____________：v. 乱扔垃圾 n. 垃圾；废弃物 6. _____________：adj. 有礼貌的；客气的 7. _____________：n. & v. 尊重；尊敬 8. _____________：adj. & pron. 自己的；本人的 （拓展： _____________ n. 拥有者） 9. _____________：n. 例子；范例 10. _____________：v. 创建；创立 11. _____________：adj. 重要的；重大的 12. _____________：n. 象征；符号 13. _____________：n. 联系；接触 v. 联系；联络 14. _____________：v. 成长；长大；增长 15. _____________：v. 吹；刮 二、重点短语。 1. ___________________________________：按时到达 2.___________________________________：在走廊里 3. ___________________________________：穿校服 4.___________________________________：在课堂上使用手机 5. ___________________________________：到处乱扔垃圾 6. ___________________________________：保持……干净整洁 7. ___________________________________：对某人有礼貌 8. ___________________________________：尊重某人 9. ___________________________________：举手 10. ___________________________________：遵守规则 11. ___________________________________：违反规则 12.___________________________________：树立榜样 13. ___________________________________：以某人自己的方式 14. ___________________________________：不得不；必须 15. ___________________________________：谈论 三、重点句型。 1. 不要上学迟到，按时到校。 ______ ______ late for school. Arrive ______ ______. 2. 不要在走廊里跑。 ______ ______ in the hallways. 3. 不要在教室里吃东西。 ______ ______ in the classroom. 4. 穿校服。 ______ the school ______. 5. 不要在课堂上使用手机。 ______ ______ your phone in class. 6. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持学校干净整洁。 ______ ______ litter. Keep your school ______ and ______. 7. 要有礼貌，尊重每一个人。 ______ polite and ______ everyone with respect. 8. 如果你想问老师问题，就举手。 ______ ______ your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question. 9. 玛丽能在走廊里跑吗？不，她不能。她必须在走廊里走。 ______ Mary ______ in the hallway? No, she ______. She ______ ______ walk in the hallway. 10. 萨利在学校禁止穿自己的夹克。 Sally ______ wear her own jacket ______ ______. 11. 托尼不能乱扔垃圾，他必须保持学校整洁。 Tony ______ litter. He must ______ the school ______. 12. 你们学校有这些规则吗？ ______ your school ______ these rules? 13. 听录音的第一部分，勾选提到的规则。 ______ ______ the first part of the recording, ______ the rules that are mentioned. 14. 再听一遍，完成句子。 ______ ______ again, ______ the sentences. 15. 两人一组，谈论1c中的规则。 ______ ______, talk about the rules ______ 1c. ►:重难点1：祈使句的用法 【探索】 祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等的句子。通常省略主语you，以动词原形开头。其否定形式一般是在句首加Don't。例如：“Don't be late for school.”（上学不要迟到。）表示禁止做某事。肯定形式如“Wear the school uniform.”（穿校服。）表示要求或命令。祈使句能简洁明了地传达规则和要求，在表达学校规则等场景中经常使用。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. Which of the following is an imperative sentence? A. You are a good student. B. Don't play football in the classroom. C. She likes reading books. 2. The imperative sentence “Be quiet.” is used to ______. A. give a request B. describe a person C. talk about a thing 3. “______ the blackboard, please.” The correct word to fill in the blank is ______. A. Look B. Look at C. Looking at 2：句型转换 1. You can't run in the hallway.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ in the hallway. 2. Please sit down.（改为否定句） ______ ______ sit down. 3. They must clean the classroom now.（改为祈使句） ______ the classroom now. 3：汉译英 1. 不要在图书馆里吃东西。 __________________________________________________ 2. 请按时交作业。 __________________________________________________ 3. 不要和同学打架。 __________________________________________________ ►:重难点2：have to的用法 【探索】 have to意为“不得不；必须”，强调由于客观原因而不得不做某事。有人称、数和时态的变化。当主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；过去式为had to。例如：“She has to wear the school uniform.”（她不得不穿校服。）表示她受到学校规则的约束。与must相比，must侧重于主观上认为必须做某事，而have to更强调客观的必要性。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. My mother is ill, so I ______ stay at home to look after her. A. must B. have to C. can D. may 2. He ______ get up early every morning because he lives far from school. A. have to B. has to C. had to D. must 3. They ______ finish the work yesterday, or they couldn't go home on time. A. have to B. has to C. had to D. must 2：用have to的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (have to) go to the dentist because I have a toothache. 2. She ______ (have to) do her homework first when she gets home. 3. They ______ (have to) stay in the hotel last night because of the heavy rain. 3：句型转换 1. He has to wear sports shoes in P.E. class.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ ______ wear sports shoes in P.E. class. 2. They have to clean the classroom after school.（改为一般疑问句） ______ they ______ ______ clean the classroom after school? 3. I had to take a bus to school this morning.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ ______ do this morning? ►:重难点3：谈论学校规则的表达方式 【探索】 在谈论学校规则时，常用祈使句表达规则内容，用一般疑问句询问规则的执行情况，用because引导的句子说明遵守规则的原因。例如：“Don't run in the hallways. It's dangerous.”（不要在走廊里跑，这很危险。）“Can we eat in the classroom? No, we can't. Because it makes a mess.”（我们能在教室里吃东西吗？不，我们不能。因为这会弄得一团糟。）通过这些表达方式，可以全面地交流关于学校规则的信息。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. -______ we listen to music in the classroom? -No, we ______. It may disturb others. A. Can; can't B. Must; mustn't C. Do; don't 2. “Don't talk loudly in the library.” This sentence is used to ______. A. ask for help B. give a school rule C. make a wish 3. We can't be late for school ______ it's impolite and affects our study. A. so B. but C. because 2：完成句子 1. 我们能在课堂上使用手机吗？不，不能。因为这会分散我们的注意力。 -______ we ______ mobile phones in class? -No, we ______. Because it can ______ our attention. 2. 不要在走廊里追逐打闹，这很危险。 ______ ______ or play in the hallways. It's very ______. 3. 为什么我们必须穿校服？因为它能让我们看起来整齐统一。 -______ ______ we ______ the school uniform? -Because it can make us look ______ and united. 3：根据情景写句子 1. 你想询问老师是否可以在教室里喝水，你可以说： _________________________________________ 2. 你想向同学解释不能在教室里吃东西的原因，可以说： _______________________________________________ 3. 你想告诉同学不要在图书馆里奔跑，你可以说： _______________________________________________ 基础过关 根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. We should follow the school ________ (rule) and be good students. 2. Don't ________ (arrive) late for class. It's impolite. 3. Students can't run in the ________ (hallway) during the break. 4. We have to wear the ________ (uniform) from Monday to Friday. 5. It's our duty to keep our school clean. Don't ________ (litter) everywhere. 6. We should be ________ (polite) to our classmates and teachers. 7. We should always treat others with ________ (respect). 8. If you have a question, please put up your ________ (hand). 9. Mary can't wear her ________ (own) clothes at school. She has to wear the school uniform. 10. Can you give me an ________ (example) to explain this rule? 11. It's important to ________ (create) a good learning environment at school. 12. We all know that the red cross is a ________ (symbol) of help. 13. If you want to ________ (contact) me, you can call me. 14. We are growing up and we should learn to be more independent as we ________ (grow) older. 15. The wind is ________ (blow) hard. Please close the window. 能力提升 2、 完型填空。 A Linda is a new student in our class. She comes from a far - away place. In her old school, the rules were a bit different. Now, she is trying to get used to the rules in our school. It's the first day of the new term. In the morning, Linda was a little late. She quickly ran towards the classroom. But then she remembered the rule: “ 1__________ run in the hallways.” So she slowed down and walked quickly. When she got to the classroom, she found her classmates were all wearing the school uniform. She felt a bit embarrassed because she was wearing 2__________ own clothes. She knew she 3__________ wear the uniform from the next day. During the class, Linda wanted to answer the teacher's question. She was so excited that she forgot to 4__________ her hand. The teacher looked at her and smiled, “Linda, please remember to put up your hand before answering questions.” Linda's face turned red. After class, Linda was about to throw a piece of paper on the floor. But her classmate stopped her and said, “Don't 5__________ . We should keep our school clean.” Linda nodded. She thought she really needed to learn more about the school rules. 1. A. Do B. Don't C. Please 2. A. her B. his C. my 3. A. could B. had to C. might 4. A. put up B. put down C. put away 5. A. run B. litter C. talk B At our school, there are many important rules that we need to follow. In the morning, we 1__________ arrive at school on time. If we are late, we may miss some interesting parts of the lessons. In the hallways, we 2__________ run. It's very dangerous and we might fall down and get hurt. When we are in the classroom, we mustn't eat. The teachers say it makes the classroom 3__________ . Also, we have to wear the school uniform every day. It shows that we are students of this school and makes us look more 4__________ . Using mobile phones in class is not allowed. We should 5__________ our study instead. These rules are strict, but they are good for us. They help us study better and keep us safe at school. 1. A. can B. have to C. may D. mustn't 2. A. can B. have to C. must D. can't 3. A. clean B. dirty C. tidy D. beautiful 4. A. different B. special C. united D. strange 5. A. focus on B. look for C. care about D. think of 冲刺突破 三、阅读理解 A There are many rules in our school. We must follow them. First, we can't be late for school. Arriving on time is very important. If we are late, we may miss some important classes. Second, we are not allowed to run in the hallways. Running in the hallways is dangerous. We may fall down and get hurt. Third, we can't eat in the classroom. Eating in the classroom makes the classroom dirty. Also, it may distract other students. Fourth, we have to wear the school uniform. The school uniform shows that we are students of this school. It can also make us look tidy. Fifth, we mustn't use our phones in class. Using phones in class distracts ourselves and others. We should focus on our studies. These rules are good for us. Although they seem strict, they help us keep safe and study well. We should follow these rules and be good students. 1. What will happen if we are late for school? A. We will get a good grade. B. We may miss some important classes. C. We will be popular among classmates. D. We can have more free time. 2. Why can't we run in the hallways? A. Because it's boring. B. Because it makes the hallways dirty. C. Because it's dangerous. D. Because teachers don't like it. 3. What does the school uniform show? A. It shows that we are good at sports. B. It shows that we are students of this school. C. It shows that we are very rich. D. It shows that we are very smart. 4. What does the underlined word “distract” mean in Chinese? A. 使专注 B. 使开心 C. 使分心 D. 使难过 5. What's the best title for the passage? A. School Rules Are Good for Us B. Don't Be Late for School C. How to Wear the School Uniform D. Rules in Different Schools B Tom is a new student in a middle school. He is trying to learn about the school rules. One day, Tom was in a hurry to go to the library. He didn't notice the sign “Don't run in the hallway” and ran quickly. Suddenly, he bumped into another student and they both fell down. Tom felt very sorry. He realized he should follow the rules. In the library, Tom wanted to talk to his friend. But he saw a sign saying “Keep quiet”. So he stopped talking and started looking for books quietly. During the class, Tom was very interested in the topic and wanted to share his ideas. But he remembered the rule: “Put up your hand before speaking.” So he put up his hand and waited for the teacher to call him. After school, Tom saw some students littering in the school yard. He went up to them and said, “We shouldn't litter. We should keep our school clean.” The students felt ashamed and picked up the litter. Tom thought following the rules made the school a better place. He decided to always follow the rules. 1. What happened to Tom when he ran in the hallway? A. He found a library book. B. He bumped into another student. C. He saw a sign. D. He got a good grade. 2. What did Tom do when he saw the sign “Keep quiet” in the library? A. He started talking loudly. B. He left the library. C. He stopped talking. D. He read books aloud. 3. What rule did Tom remember during the class? A. Listen to the teacher carefully. B. Put up your hand before speaking. C. Don't eat in class. D. Don't use your phone in class. 4. What did Tom do when he saw students littering? A. He joined them. B. He laughed at them. C. He asked them to stop littering. D. He ignored them. 5. What can we learn from Tom? A. We should always break the rules. B. We should sometimes follow the rules. C. We should always follow the rules. D. We don't need to follow the rules. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 No rules,No order Section A 1a-1d 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 主题内容： 1.约束自我行为，遵守规则 2.在学校环境中遵守规则，构建良好秩序 1. 掌握重点单词：rule（规则）、arrive（到达）、hallway（走廊）、uniform（校服）、litter（乱扔垃圾）、polite（有礼貌的）、respect（尊重）等。 2. 掌握句型：Don't +动词原形，表示禁止做某事；主语 + must/mustn't + 动词原形，表示必须/禁止做某事。 3. 学会运用相关词汇和句型谈论学校规则，能正确表达对规则的看法。 1、 重点单词。 1. _____________：n. 规则；规章 2. _____________：v. 到达；抵达 3. _____________：n. 走廊；过道 4. _____________：n. 校服；制服 5. _____________：v. 乱扔垃圾 n. 垃圾；废弃物 6. _____________：adj. 有礼貌的；客气的 7. _____________：n. & v. 尊重；尊敬 8. _____________：adj. & pron. 自己的；本人的 （拓展： _____________ n. 拥有者） 9. _____________：n. 例子；范例 10. _____________：v. 创建；创立 11. _____________：adj. 重要的；重大的 12. _____________：n. 象征；符号 13. _____________：n. 联系；接触 v. 联系；联络 14. _____________：v. 成长；长大；增长 15. _____________：v. 吹；刮 1. rule：n. 规则；规章 2. arrive：v. 到达；抵达 3. hallway：n. 走廊；过道 4. uniform：n. 校服；制服 5. litter：v. 乱扔垃圾 n. 垃圾；废弃物 6. polite：adj. 有礼貌的；客气的 7. respect：n. & v. 尊重；尊敬 8. own：adj. & pron. 自己的；本人的 （拓展： owner n. 拥有者） 9. example：n. 例子；范例 10. create：v. 创建；创立 11. important：adj. 重要的；重大的 12. symbol：n. 象征；符号 13. contact：n. 联系；接触 v. 联系；联络 14. grow：v. 成长；长大；增长 15. blow：v. 吹；刮 二、重点短语。 1. ___________________________________：按时到达 2.___________________________________：在走廊里 3. ___________________________________：穿校服 4.___________________________________：在课堂上使用手机 5. ___________________________________：到处乱扔垃圾 6. ___________________________________：保持……干净整洁 7. ___________________________________：对某人有礼貌 8. ___________________________________：尊重某人 9. ___________________________________：举手 10. ___________________________________：遵守规则 11. ___________________________________：违反规则 12.___________________________________：树立榜样 13. ___________________________________：以某人自己的方式 14. ___________________________________：不得不；必须 15. ___________________________________：谈论 1. arrive on time：按时到达 2. in the hallway：在走廊里 3. wear the school uniform：穿校服 4. use mobile phones in class：在课堂上使用手机 5. litter everywhere：到处乱扔垃圾 6. keep... clean and tidy：保持……干净整洁 7. be polite to sb.：对某人有礼貌 8. respect sb.：尊重某人 9. put up one's hand：举手 10. follow the rules：遵守规则 11. break the rules：违反规则 12. set an example：树立榜样 13. in one's own way：以某人自己的方式 14. have to：不得不；必须 15. talk about：谈论 三、重点句型。 1. 不要上学迟到，按时到校。 ______ ______ late for school. Arrive ______ ______. 2. 不要在走廊里跑。 ______ ______ in the hallways. 3. 不要在教室里吃东西。 ______ ______ in the classroom. 4. 穿校服。 ______ the school ______. 5. 不要在课堂上使用手机。 ______ ______ your phone in class. 6. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持学校干净整洁。 ______ ______ litter. Keep your school ______ and ______. 7. 要有礼貌，尊重每一个人。 ______ polite and ______ everyone with respect. 8. 如果你想问老师问题，就举手。 ______ ______ your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question. 9. 玛丽能在走廊里跑吗？不，她不能。她必须在走廊里走。 ______ Mary ______ in the hallway? No, she ______. She ______ ______ walk in the hallway. 10. 萨利在学校禁止穿自己的夹克。 Sally ______ wear her own jacket ______ ______. 11. 托尼不能乱扔垃圾，他必须保持学校整洁。 Tony ______ litter. He must ______ the school ______. 12. 你们学校有这些规则吗？ ______ your school ______ these rules? 13. 听录音的第一部分，勾选提到的规则。 ______ ______ the first part of the recording, ______ the rules that are mentioned. 14. 再听一遍，完成句子。 ______ ______ again, ______ the sentences. 15. 两人一组，谈论1c中的规则。 ______ ______, talk about the rules ______ 1c. 1. Don't; be; on; time “Don't be late for...”是固定表达，意为“不要……迟到”；“on time”表示“按时”。 2. Don't; run 这是一个否定祈使句，用“Don't + 动词原形”结构，“run”表示“跑”。 3. Don't; eat 同样是否定祈使句，“eat”是“吃”的意思。 4. Wear; uniform “wear”表示“穿着，戴着”；“school uniform”是“校服”。 5. Don't; use 否定祈使句，“use”是“使用”。 6. Don't; throw; clean; tidy “Don't throw litter”表示“不要乱扔垃圾”；“keep... clean and tidy”表示“保持……干净整洁”。 7. Be; respect “be polite”表示“有礼貌”；“respect”是“尊重”，这里是祈使句，用动词原形。 8. Put; up “put up one's hand”是“举手”的常用表达。 9. Can; run; can't; has; to “Can”引导一般疑问句，后接动词原形“run”；否定回答用“can't”；“have to”表示“不得不”，主语是第三人称单数“she”，所以用“has to”。 10. can't; at; school “can't”表示“不能”；“at school”是“在学校”。 11. can't; keep; tidy “can't”表示禁止；“keep... tidy”表示“保持……整洁”。 12. Does; have 这是一个一般疑问句，主语“your school”是第三人称单数，借助助动词“Does”，动词用原形“have”。 13. Listen; to; tick “listen to”表示“听”；“tick”表示“勾选”。 14. Listen; again; complete “listen again”表示“再听一遍”；“complete”是“完成”的意思。 15. In; pairs; in “in pairs”表示“两人一组”；“in 1c”表示“在1c中”。 ►:重难点1：祈使句的用法 【探索】 祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等的句子。通常省略主语you，以动词原形开头。其否定形式一般是在句首加Don't。例如：“Don't be late for school.”（上学不要迟到。）表示禁止做某事。肯定形式如“Wear the school uniform.”（穿校服。）表示要求或命令。祈使句能简洁明了地传达规则和要求，在表达学校规则等场景中经常使用。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. Which of the following is an imperative sentence? A. You are a good student. B. Don't play football in the classroom. C. She likes reading books. 2. The imperative sentence “Be quiet.” is used to ______. A. give a request B. describe a person C. talk about a thing 3. “______ the blackboard, please.” The correct word to fill in the blank is ______. A. Look B. Look at C. Looking at 2：句型转换 1. You can't run in the hallway.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ in the hallway. 2. Please sit down.（改为否定句） ______ ______ sit down. 3. They must clean the classroom now.（改为祈使句） ______ the classroom now. 3：汉译英 1. 不要在图书馆里吃东西。 __________________________________________________ 2. 请按时交作业。 __________________________________________________ 3. 不要和同学打架。 __________________________________________________ 1. 单项选择 1. 答案：B 解析：祈使句通常以动词原形开头，用来表达命令、请求、建议等语气，一般省略主语。A选项 “You are a good student.” 是主系表结构的陈述句，描述“你是一个好学生”；B选项 “Don't play football in the classroom.” 是以 “Don't + 动词原形” 开头的祈使句，表达禁止的语气；C选项 “She likes reading books.” 是主谓宾结构的陈述句，描述“她喜欢读书”。所以选B。 2. 答案：A 解析：“Be quiet.” （保持安静）是一种请求或命令，希望对方能够安静下来。A选项 “give a request” 意为“提出请求”，符合祈使句 “Be quiet.” 的用途；B选项 “describe a person” 是“描述一个人”，“Be quiet.” 并不是在描述人；C选项 “talk about a thing” 是“谈论一件事情”，该祈使句并非用于谈论事情。所以选A。 3. 答案：B 解析：这是一个祈使句，祈使句以动词原形开头。A选项 “Look” 是不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语 “the blackboard”；B选项 “Look at” 是及物动词短语，“Look at the blackboard” 意为“看黑板”，符合祈使句以动词原形开头的要求；C选项 “Looking at” 是现在分词形式，不能用于祈使句。所以选B。 2. 句型转换 1. 答案：Don't run 解析：将含有情态动词 “can't” 的否定陈述句改为祈使句，通常用 “Don't + 动词原形” 的结构。原句 “You can't run in the hallway.” 改为祈使句就是 “Don't run in the hallway.” 。 2. 答案：Don't please 解析：祈使句的否定形式一般是在动词原形前加 “Don't” 。原句 “Please sit down.” 改为否定句是 “Don't please sit down.” ，不过通常更简洁地表达为 “Don't sit down.” 。 3. 答案：Clean 解析：将含有情态动词 “must” 的陈述句改为祈使句，直接去掉 “They must” ，用动词原形开头。原句 “They must clean the classroom now.” 改为祈使句就是 “Clean the classroom now.” 。 3. 汉译英 1. 答案：Don't eat in the library. 解析：“不要做某事”用 “Don't + 动词原形” 的祈使句结构，“吃东西”是 “eat” ，“在图书馆里”是 “in the library” ，所以翻译为 “Don't eat in the library.” 。 2. 答案：Please hand in your homework on time. 解析：“请做某事”用 “Please + 动词原形” 的祈使句结构，“交作业”是 “hand in one's homework” ，“按时”是 “on time” ，所以翻译为 “Please hand in your homework on time.” 。 3. 答案：Don't fight with your classmates. 解析：“不要做某事”用 “Don't + 动词原形” 的祈使句结构，“和……打架”是 “fight with...” ，“同学”是 “classmates” ，所以翻译为 “Don't fight with your classmates.” 。 ►:重难点2：have to的用法 【探索】 have to意为“不得不；必须”，强调由于客观原因而不得不做某事。有人称、数和时态的变化。当主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；过去式为had to。例如：“She has to wear the school uniform.”（她不得不穿校服。）表示她受到学校规则的约束。与must相比，must侧重于主观上认为必须做某事，而have to更强调客观的必要性。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. My mother is ill, so I ______ stay at home to look after her. A. must B. have to C. can D. may 2. He ______ get up early every morning because he lives far from school. A. have to B. has to C. had to D. must 3. They ______ finish the work yesterday, or they couldn't go home on time. A. have to B. has to C. had to D. must 2：用have to的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (have to) go to the dentist because I have a toothache. 2. She ______ (have to) do her homework first when she gets home. 3. They ______ (have to) stay in the hotel last night because of the heavy rain. 3：句型转换 1. He has to wear sports shoes in P.E. class.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ ______ wear sports shoes in P.E. class. 2. They have to clean the classroom after school.（改为一般疑问句） ______ they ______ ______ clean the classroom after school? 3. I had to take a bus to school this morning.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ ______ do this morning? 1. 单项选择 1. 答案：B 解析：A选项“must”表示主观上的“必须”；B选项“have to”强调客观上的“不得不”；C选项“can”意为“能够，可以”；D选项“may”意为“可能，可以”。“My mother is ill, so I ______ stay at home to look after her.”（我妈妈生病了，所以我 待在家里照顾她），这里是因为妈妈生病这个客观原因不得不待在家里，用“have to”，选B。 2. 答案：B 解析：根据“every morning”可知句子时态是一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，“have to”的第三人称单数形式是“has to”。A选项“have to”是原形；C选项“had to”是过去式；D选项“must”虽然也有“必须”的意思，但这里强调客观原因（住得离学校远）导致不得不早起，用“has to”更合适。所以选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：根据“yesterday”可知句子时态是一般过去时，“have to”的过去式是“had to”。A选项“have to”是原形；B选项“has to”是第三人称单数形式；D选项“must”没有过去式（“must”表示过去时常用“had to”）。所以选C。 2. 用have to的适当形式填空 1. 答案：have to 解析：“I ______ (have to) go to the dentist because I have a toothache.”（我 去看牙医因为我牙疼），句子时态是一般现在时，主语“I”是第一人称，所以用“have to”的原形。 2. 答案：has to 解析：“She ______ (have to) do her homework first when she gets home.”（当她到家时她 先做作业），句子时态是一般现在时，主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以“have to”要用第三人称单数形式“has to”。 3. 答案：had to 解析：“They ______ (have to) stay in the hotel last night because of the heavy rain.”（因为大雨他们昨晚 待在旅馆里），根据“last night”可知句子时态是一般过去时，“have to”的过去式是“had to”。 3. 句型转换 1. 答案：doesn't have to 解析：原句“He has to wear sports shoes in P.E. class.”（他在体育课上必须穿运动鞋）是一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，变否定句时要借助助动词“doesn't”，然后“has to”要变回原形“have to”，即“He doesn't have to wear sports shoes in P.E. class.”。 2. 答案：Do; have to 解析：原句“They have to clean the classroom after school.”（他们放学后必须打扫教室）是一般现在时，主语“they”是复数，变一般疑问句时要借助助动词“do”，放在句首，后面的“have to”保持原形，即“Do they have to clean the classroom after school?”。 3. 答案：What did; have to 解析：原句“I had to take a bus to school this morning.”（今天早上我不得不乘公交车去上学），对“take a bus to school”（乘公交车去上学）提问，是对做的事情提问，用疑问词“what”，句子时态是一般过去时，要借助助动词“did”，后面的“had to”变回原形“have to”，即“What did you have to do this morning?”。 ►:重难点3：谈论学校规则的表达方式 【探索】 在谈论学校规则时，常用祈使句表达规则内容，用一般疑问句询问规则的执行情况，用because引导的句子说明遵守规则的原因。例如：“Don't run in the hallways. It's dangerous.”（不要在走廊里跑，这很危险。）“Can we eat in the classroom? No, we can't. Because it makes a mess.”（我们能在教室里吃东西吗？不，我们不能。因为这会弄得一团糟。）通过这些表达方式，可以全面地交流关于学校规则的信息。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. -______ we listen to music in the classroom? -No, we ______. It may disturb others. A. Can; can't B. Must; mustn't C. Do; don't 2. “Don't talk loudly in the library.” This sentence is used to ______. A. ask for help B. give a school rule C. make a wish 3. We can't be late for school ______ it's impolite and affects our study. A. so B. but C. because 2：完成句子 1. 我们能在课堂上使用手机吗？不，不能。因为这会分散我们的注意力。 -______ we ______ mobile phones in class? -No, we ______. Because it can ______ our attention. 2. 不要在走廊里追逐打闹，这很危险。 ______ ______ or play in the hallways. It's very ______. 3. 为什么我们必须穿校服？因为它能让我们看起来整齐统一。 -______ ______ we ______ the school uniform? -Because it can make us look ______ and united. 3：根据情景写句子 1. 你想询问老师是否可以在教室里喝水，你可以说： _________________________________________ 2. 你想向同学解释不能在教室里吃东西的原因，可以说： _______________________________________________ 3. 你想告诉同学不要在图书馆里奔跑，你可以说： _______________________________________________ 1. 单项选择 1. 答案：A 解析：根据答语“No, we ______. It may disturb others.”（不，我们 。这可能会打扰其他人）可知，问句是询问“我们能在教室里听音乐吗”，用情态动词“Can”引导一般疑问句，其否定回答是“No, we can't.” 。B选项“Must; mustn't”（必须；禁止），“Must we...”的回答通常是“Yes, we must.”或“No, we needn't.”；C选项“Do; don't”不能表达“能，是否可以”的意思。所以选A。 2. 答案：B 解析：“Don't talk loudly in the library.”（不要在图书馆里大声喧哗），这明显是一条学校规定。A选项“ask for help”（寻求帮助），该句子不是在寻求帮助；C选项“make a wish”（许愿），与句子意思不符。所以选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：“We can't be late for school ______ it's impolite and affects our study.”（我们上学不能迟到 这是不礼貌的并且会影响我们的学习），前后是因果关系，后面是原因，用“because”引导。A选项“so”（所以）表结果；B选项“but”（但是）表转折。所以选C。 2. 完成句子 1. 答案：Can; use; can't; distract 解析：“能”用情态动词“Can”，“使用”是“use”，“Can”引导的一般疑问句的否定回答是“No, we can't.” ，“分散注意力”是“distract one's attention”。 2. 答案：Don't; chase; dangerous 解析：“不要做某事”用“Don't + 动词原形”的祈使句结构，“追逐”是“chase”，“危险的”是“dangerous”。 3. 答案：Why; must; wear; tidy 解析：“为什么”是“Why”，“必须”是“must”，“穿”是“wear”，“整齐的”是“tidy”。 3. 根据情景写句子 1. 答案：Can I drink water in the classroom, teacher? 解析：用“Can I...”来询问“我是否可以……”，这里是询问是否可以在教室里喝水。 2. 答案：We can't eat in the classroom because it will make the classroom dirty and distract other students. 解析：先表明“不能在教室里吃东西”，再说明原因“会使教室变脏并且分散其他同学的注意力”。 3. 答案：Don't run in the library. 解析：用“Don't + 动词原形”的祈使句结构来表达“不要在图书馆里奔跑”。 基础过关 根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. We should follow the school ________ (rule) and be good students. 2. Don't ________ (arrive) late for class. It's impolite. 3. Students can't run in the ________ (hallway) during the break. 4. We have to wear the ________ (uniform) from Monday to Friday. 5. It's our duty to keep our school clean. Don't ________ (litter) everywhere. 6. We should be ________ (polite) to our classmates and teachers. 7. We should always treat others with ________ (respect). 8. If you have a question, please put up your ________ (hand). 9. Mary can't wear her ________ (own) clothes at school. She has to wear the school uniform. 10. Can you give me an ________ (example) to explain this rule? 11. It's important to ________ (create) a good learning environment at school. 12. We all know that the red cross is a ________ (symbol) of help. 13. If you want to ________ (contact) me, you can call me. 14. We are growing up and we should learn to be more independent as we ________ (grow) older. 15. The wind is ________ (blow) hard. Please close the window. 1. 答案：rules 解析：“rule”是可数名词，“学校规则”不止一条，所以用复数形式“rules”，“follow the school rules”意为“遵守学校规则”。 2. 答案：arrive 解析：“Don't”后接动词原形，构成否定祈使句，“arrive late for class”表示“上课迟到”，所以填“arrive”。 3. 答案：hallways 解析：“hallway”是可数名词，“在走廊里”常用复数形式表示泛指，“in the hallways”意为“在走廊里”，所以填“hallways”。 4. 答案：uniform 解析：“wear the uniform”意为“穿校服”，这里“uniform”可以用单数形式表示一类事物，所以填“uniform”。 5. 答案：litter 解析：“Don't”后接动词原形，“litter”作动词时意为“乱扔垃圾”，“Don't litter everywhere”表示“不要到处乱扔垃圾”，所以填“litter”。 6. 答案：polite 解析：“be polite to...”是固定短语，意为“对……有礼貌”，所以填“polite”。 7. 答案：respect 解析：“with”是介词，后接名词，“respect”作名词时意为“尊重”，“treat others with respect”表示“以尊重的态度对待他人”，所以填“respect”。 8. 答案：hand 解析：“put up one's hand”是固定短语，意为“举手”，这里“hand”用单数形式，所以填“hand”。 9. 答案：own 解析：“own”作形容词时意为“自己的”，“her own clothes”表示“她自己的衣服”，所以填“own”。 10. 答案：example 解析：“an”后接可数名词单数，“example”是可数名词，“give an example”意为“举个例子”，所以填“example”。 11. 答案：create 解析：“It's important to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事是重要的”，“to”后接动词原形，“create”意为“创造”，“create a good learning environment”表示“创造一个好的学习环境”，所以填“create”。 12. 答案：symbol 解析：“a”后接可数名词单数，“symbol”是可数名词，“a symbol of...”意为“……的象征”，“a symbol of help”表示“帮助的象征”，所以填“symbol”。 13. 答案：contact 解析：“want to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，“to”后接动词原形，“contact”作动词时意为“联系”，“contact me”表示“联系我”，所以填“contact”。 14. 答案：grow 解析：根据“We are growing up and we should learn to be more independent as we...”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语“we”是复数，“grow older”表示“长大”，所以填“grow”。 15. 答案：blowing 解析：根据“The wind is... hard. Please close the window.”可知，句子时态是现在进行时，其结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，“blow”的现在分词是“blowing”，“The wind is blowing hard.”表示“风刮得很大”，所以填“blowing”。 能力提升 2、 完型填空。 A Linda is a new student in our class. She comes from a far - away place. In her old school, the rules were a bit different. Now, she is trying to get used to the rules in our school. It's the first day of the new term. In the morning, Linda was a little late. She quickly ran towards the classroom. But then she remembered the rule: “ 1__________ run in the hallways.” So she slowed down and walked quickly. When she got to the classroom, she found her classmates were all wearing the school uniform. She felt a bit embarrassed because she was wearing 2__________ own clothes. She knew she 3__________ wear the uniform from the next day. During the class, Linda wanted to answer the teacher's question. She was so excited that she forgot to 4__________ her hand. The teacher looked at her and smiled, “Linda, please remember to put up your hand before answering questions.” Linda's face turned red. After class, Linda was about to throw a piece of paper on the floor. But her classmate stopped her and said, “Don't 5__________ . We should keep our school clean.” Linda nodded. She thought she really needed to learn more about the school rules. 1. A. Do B. Don't C. Please 2. A. her B. his C. my 3. A. could B. had to C. might 4. A. put up B. put down C. put away 5. A. run B. litter C. talk 1. 答案：B 解析：根据语境“So she slowed down and walked quickly.”（所以她放慢速度并快速地走着）可知，学校规定是“不要在走廊里跑”，这是一个否定的祈使句，用“Don't + 动词原形”结构，“Don't run in the hallways.” 意为“不要在走廊里跑”。A选项“Do”用于肯定祈使句开头；C选项“Please”通常用于表示请求，“Please run in the hallways.”（请在走廊里跑）不符合常理和学校规定。所以选B。 2. 答案：A 解析：根据前文可知，Linda是女生，这里说“她穿着她自己的衣服”，“她的”用“her”。B选项“his”是“他的”；C选项“my”是“我的”。所以选A。 3. 答案：B 解析：根据“She knew she 3 wear the uniform from the next day.”（她知道从第二天起她 穿校服）以及学校规定学生要穿校服，可知这里是“不得不，必须”的意思。A选项“could”是“能够，可以”；B选项“had to”是“不得不，必须”，强调客观要求；C选项“might”是“可能，可以”。所以选B。 4. 答案：A 解析：根据“The teacher looked at her and smiled, ‘Linda, please remember to put up your hand before answering questions.’”（老师看着她并微笑着说：“琳达，请记住在回答问题前举手。”）可知，琳达忘了“举手”。A选项“put up”有“举起”的意思，“put up one's hand”意为“举手”；B选项“put down”是“放下；记下”；C选项“put away”是“放好；储存”。所以选A。 5. 答案：B 解析：根据“Linda was about to throw a piece of paper on the floor. But her classmate stopped her and said, ‘Don't 5 . We should keep our school clean.’”（琳达正要把一张纸扔在地上。但是她的同学阻止了她并说：“不要 。我们应该保持我们的学校干净。”）可知，这里是不要“乱扔垃圾”。A选项“run”是“跑”；B选项“litter”是“乱扔垃圾”；C选项“talk”是“交谈”。所以选B。 B At our school, there are many important rules that we need to follow. In the morning, we 1__________ arrive at school on time. If we are late, we may miss some interesting parts of the lessons. In the hallways, we 2__________ run. It's very dangerous and we might fall down and get hurt. When we are in the classroom, we mustn't eat. The teachers say it makes the classroom 3__________ . Also, we have to wear the school uniform every day. It shows that we are students of this school and makes us look more 4__________ . Using mobile phones in class is not allowed. We should 5__________ our study instead. These rules are strict, but they are good for us. They help us study better and keep us safe at school. 1. A. can B. have to C. may D. mustn't 2. A. can B. have to C. must D. can't 3. A. clean B. dirty C. tidy D. beautiful 4. A. different B. special C. united D. strange 5. A. focus on B. look for C. care about D. think of 1. 答案：B 解析：根据“If we are late, we may miss some interesting parts of the lessons.”（如果我们迟到，我们可能会错过课程中一些有趣的部分）可知，早上我们“必须”按时到校。A选项“can”意为“能够，可以”；B选项“have to”意为“不得不，必须”，强调客观要求；C选项“may”意为“可能，可以”；D选项“mustn't”意为“禁止”。这里是说必须按时到校，所以选B。 2. 答案：D 解析：由“It's very dangerous and we might fall down and get hurt.”（这非常危险，我们可能会摔倒并受伤）可知，在走廊里我们“不能”跑。A选项“can”意为“能够，可以”；B选项“have to”意为“不得不，必须”；C选项“must”意为“必须”；D选项“can't”意为“不能”。所以选D。 3. 答案：B 解析：根据“When we are in the classroom, we mustn't eat. The teachers say it makes the classroom...”（当我们在教室里时，我们禁止吃东西。老师说这会使教室……），吃东西会使教室“脏”。A选项“clean”意为“干净的”；B选项“dirty”意为“脏的”；C选项“tidy”意为“整洁的”；D选项“beautiful”意为“美丽的”。所以选B。 4. 答案：C 解析：根据“Also, we have to wear the school uniform every day. It shows that we are students of this school and makes us look more...”（而且，我们每天都必须穿校服。它表明我们是这所学校的学生，并且使我们看起来更……），穿校服会让学生看起来更“团结”。A选项“different”意为“不同的”；B选项“special”意为“特殊的”；C选项“united”意为“团结的”；D选项“strange”意为“奇怪的”。所以选C。 5. 答案：A 解析：根据“Using mobile phones in class is not allowed. We should...our study instead.”（在课堂上使用手机是不被允许的。相反，我们应该……我们的学习），不允许用手机，应该“专注于”学习。A选项“focus on”意为“专注于”；B选项“look for”意为“寻找”；C选项“care about”意为“关心”；D选项“think of”意为“想起，考虑”。所以选A。 冲刺突破 三、阅读理解 A There are many rules in our school. We must follow them. First, we can't be late for school. Arriving on time is very important. If we are late, we may miss some important classes. Second, we are not allowed to run in the hallways. Running in the hallways is dangerous. We may fall down and get hurt. Third, we can't eat in the classroom. Eating in the classroom makes the classroom dirty. Also, it may distract other students. Fourth, we have to wear the school uniform. The school uniform shows that we are students of this school. It can also make us look tidy. Fifth, we mustn't use our phones in class. Using phones in class distracts ourselves and others. We should focus on our studies. These rules are good for us. Although they seem strict, they help us keep safe and study well. We should follow these rules and be good students. 1. What will happen if we are late for school? A. We will get a good grade. B. We may miss some important classes. C. We will be popular among classmates. D. We can have more free time. 2. Why can't we run in the hallways? A. Because it's boring. B. Because it makes the hallways dirty. C. Because it's dangerous. D. Because teachers don't like it. 3. What does the school uniform show? A. It shows that we are good at sports. B. It shows that we are students of this school. C. It shows that we are very rich. D. It shows that we are very smart. 4. What does the underlined word “distract” mean in Chinese? A. 使专注 B. 使开心 C. 使分心 D. 使难过 5. What's the best title for the passage? A. School Rules Are Good for Us B. Don't Be Late for School C. How to Wear the School Uniform D. Rules in Different Schools 1. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“If we are late, we may miss some important classes.”可知，如果我们上学迟到，可能会错过一些重要的课程。A选项“We will get a good grade.”（我们会取得好成绩），迟到通常不会取得好成绩；C选项“We will be popular among classmates.”（我们会在同学中受欢迎），迟到和受欢迎没有关系；D选项“We can have more free time.”（我们可以有更多的空闲时间），迟到不是获得更多空闲时间的方式。所以选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：由文中“Running in the hallways is dangerous. We may fall down and get hurt.”可知，我们不能在走廊里跑是因为这很危险。A选项“Because it's boring.”（因为这很无聊），文中未提及无聊；B选项“Because it makes the hallways dirty.”（因为这会使走廊变脏），在走廊跑不会使走廊变脏；D选项“Because teachers don't like it.”（因为老师不喜欢），这不是主要原因，主要原因是危险。所以选C。 3. 答案：B 解析：根据“The school uniform shows that we are students of this school.”可知，校服表明我们是这所学校的学生。A选项“It shows that we are good at sports.”（它表明我们擅长运动），校服不能表明擅长运动；C选项“It shows that we are very rich.”（它表明我们很富有），校服和富有无关；D选项“It shows that we are very smart.”（它表明我们很聪明），校服不能体现聪明。所以选B。 4. 答案：C 解析：根据“Also, it may distract other students.”以及“Using phones in class distracts ourselves and others. We should focus on our studies.”可知，在教室里吃东西以及在课堂上用手机都会让人不能专注于学习，所以“distract”的意思是“使分心”。选C。 5. 答案：A 解析：文章主要介绍了学校的一些规则，如不能迟到、不能在走廊跑、不能在教室吃东西、要穿校服、不能在课堂用手机等，并且强调了这些规则对学生的好处，如保证安全和帮助好好学习。A选项“School Rules Are Good for Us”（学校规则对我们有好处）能很好地概括文章主旨；B选项“Don't Be Late for School”（上学不要迟到）只是其中一个规则；C选项“How to Wear the School Uniform”（如何穿校服），文章重点不是讲如何穿校服；D选项“Rules in Different Schools”（不同学校的规则），文章只讲了自己学校的规则，未提及不同学校的规则。所以选A。 B Tom is a new student in a middle school. He is trying to learn about the school rules. One day, Tom was in a hurry to go to the library. He didn't notice the sign “Don't run in the hallway” and ran quickly. Suddenly, he bumped into another student and they both fell down. Tom felt very sorry. He realized he should follow the rules. In the library, Tom wanted to talk to his friend. But he saw a sign saying “Keep quiet”. So he stopped talking and started looking for books quietly. During the class, Tom was very interested in the topic and wanted to share his ideas. But he remembered the rule: “Put up your hand before speaking.” So he put up his hand and waited for the teacher to call him. After school, Tom saw some students littering in the school yard. He went up to them and said, “We shouldn't litter. We should keep our school clean.” The students felt ashamed and picked up the litter. Tom thought following the rules made the school a better place. He decided to always follow the rules. 1. What happened to Tom when he ran in the hallway? A. He found a library book. B. He bumped into another student. C. He saw a sign. D. He got a good grade. 2. What did Tom do when he saw the sign “Keep quiet” in the library? A. He started talking loudly. B. He left the library. C. He stopped talking. D. He read books aloud. 3. What rule did Tom remember during the class? A. Listen to the teacher carefully. B. Put up your hand before speaking. C. Don't eat in class. D. Don't use your phone in class. 4. What did Tom do when he saw students littering? A. He joined them. B. He laughed at them. C. He asked them to stop littering. D. He ignored them. 5. What can we learn from Tom? A. We should always break the rules. B. We should sometimes follow the rules. C. We should always follow the rules. D. We don't need to follow the rules. 1. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“He didn't notice the sign ‘Don't run in the hallway’ and ran quickly. Suddenly, he bumped into another student and they both fell down.”可知，汤姆在走廊跑的时候撞到了另一个学生。A选项“He found a library book.”（他找到了一本图书馆的书），文中未提及；C选项“He saw a sign.”（他看到了一个标志），他是没注意到标志才跑的，不是跑的时候看到标志；D选项“He got a good grade.”（他取得了好成绩），与在走廊跑这件事无关。所以选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：由文中“But he saw a sign saying ‘Keep quiet’. So he stopped talking and started looking for books quietly.”可知，当汤姆看到图书馆“保持安静”的标志时，他停止了交谈。A选项“He started talking loudly.”（他开始大声交谈），与原文不符；B选项“He left the library.”（他离开了图书馆），文中没说他离开；D选项“He read books aloud.”（他大声读书），也不符合原文。所以选C。 3. 答案：B 解析：根据“During the class, Tom was very interested in the topic and wanted to share his ideas. But he remembered the rule: ‘Put up your hand before speaking.’”可知，汤姆在课堂上记得的规则是“发言前举手”。A选项“Listen to the teacher carefully.”（认真听老师讲课），文中未提及他想起这个规则；C选项“Don't eat in class.”（不要在课堂上吃东西），文中没说这个；D选项“Don't use your phone in class.”（不要在课堂上使用手机），同样文中未提及。所以选B。 4. 答案：C 解析：从“After school, Tom saw some students littering in the school yard. He went up to them and said, ‘We shouldn't litter. We should keep our school clean.’”可知，当汤姆看到学生乱扔垃圾时，他上前让他们不要乱扔垃圾。A选项“He joined them.”（他加入了他们），他是制止他们而不是加入；B选项“He laughed at them.”（他嘲笑了他们），文中没说他嘲笑；D选项“He ignored them.”（他忽视了他们），与原文不符。所以选C。 5. 答案：C 解析：文章讲述了汤姆从一开始违反规则（在走廊跑），到后来遵守规则（在图书馆保持安静、课堂上发言前举手），还制止其他学生乱扔垃圾，最后他认为遵守规则使学校变得更好并决定一直遵守规则。A选项“We should always break the rules.”（我们应该总是违反规则），与文章主旨相悖；B选项“We should sometimes follow the rules.”（我们应该有时遵守规则），文章强调的是要一直遵守规则；C选项“We should always follow the rules.”（我们应该总是遵守规则），符合文章主旨；D选项“We don't need to follow the rules.”（我们不需要遵守规则），这是错误的观点。所以选C。 ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$