精品解析：浙江省温州新力量联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题

绝密★考试结束前 2024学年第一学期温州新力量联盟期中联考 高二年级英语学科试题 考生须知： 1. 本卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。 3. 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. How does Frank keep fit? A. He never eats fast food. B. He watches his diet. C. He exercises to lose weight. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Apologize when Mary calms down. B. Return Mary’s notes in a few days. C. Talk to Mary after school. 3. Why is Tim late for class? A. He slept too late. B. He doesn’t have an alarm clock. C. His mother forgot to wake him up. 4. What do we know about Flight 998? A. It will be delayed for two hours. B. It will arrive as soon as the storm is over. C. Its arrival time is still unknown. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At the man’s home. B. At a dining hall. C. At a restaurant. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman make the phone call? A. To make a complaint. B. To apply for a job. C. To place a rush order. 7 When would the woman need the parts? A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why did the woman go to a small town? A. To enjoy a concert. B. To visit her friends. C. To go horse riding. 9. What did the woman do on Saturday? A. She went to a concert. B. She watched a movie. C. She attended a party. 10. What are the speakers talking about in general? A. A wonderful weekend. B. An interesting party. C. A beautiful farm. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where is the woman going? A To her office. B. To her school. C. To the airport. 12. What is the woman worried about? A. She will miss her plane. B. The police will stop the taxi. C. She will be late for a meeting. 13. When does the man think he can get to the place? A. At about 8: 15. B. At about 8: 45. C. At about 10: 15. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where is the woman now? A. In Boston. B. In Chicago. C. In San Francisco. 15. What does the woman want to do? A Sell her house. B. Run a store. C. Hunt for a job. 16. What does the man think of the woman’s idea? A. Crazy. B. Challenging. C. Exciting. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What will be known from the speaker? A. School rules of the new term. B. Course requirements of the new term. C. Arrangements of the new term. 18. Who is the new French teacher? A. Mary Smith. B. Mr. Williams. C. Ms. Woods. 19. Which club will meet on Wednesdays? A. Chess. B. Dance. C. Baseball. 20. When will the parents’ evening for Year 8 be held? A. In September. B. In October. C. In November. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2022 Best National University Rankings The US News Best College Rankings can help prospective students and their families compare institutions as they look for the best fit. Here is a breakdown of what goes into the annual rankings. Princeton University The ivy-covered campus of Princeton University, a private institution, is located in the quiet town of Princeton, New Jersey. Princeton was the first university to offer a “no loan (贷款)” policy to financially needy students, giving financial aid instead of loans to accepted students who need help paying tuition. Columbia University Columbia University has three undergraduate schools: Columbia College, The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), and the School of General Studies. This Ivy (常春藤) League, private school guarantees students housing for all four years on campus in Manhat-tan’s Morningside Heights neighborhood in New York City. Harvard University Harvard University is a private institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts, just outside of Boston. This Ivy League school is the oldest higher education institution in the country and has the largest donation of any school in the world. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Though the Massachusetts Institute of Technology may be best known for its math, science and engineering education, this private research university also offers architecture, humanities, management and social science programs. The school is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, just across the Charles River from downtown Boston. To further explore the rankings and data, please log in the US News College Compass! The following pages include each school’s performance across ranking indicators and the latest statistics used in the calculations. 1 Which university is most favourable to the poorer students? A. Princeton University. B. Columbia University. C. Harvard University. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 2. What do the four universities have in common according to the text? A. They are Ivy League schools. B. They guarantee students’ accommodation. C. They are private institutions. D. They offer financial aid to students. 3. Where can we find the text? A. In a geographical magazine. B. In a travel brochure. C. In an education book. D. On a web page. B I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia. One day about 12 years ago, I stopped at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast ta buy some groceries. But the lady at the counter told me that the supermarket didn’t sell any shopping bags to prevent plastic in the ocean and help preserve the endangered turtles(海龟) living in that area. After a first reaction of surprise, I gathered all purchases in my arms and left, reflecting on what I had been told. The experience in that trip made me more conscious about my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live more sustainably. For example, I always carried a cotton bag when I went shopping. My travel to Indonesia was another life-changing experience that strengthened my determination to turn to a zero-waste lifestyle. In Indonesia, finding safe drinkable water was always a challenge, so I traveled with my water bottle, managing to avoid almost entirely the use of plastic during my trip. However, I was seriously struck by my stay on the Libaran Island, where a sustainable and turtle conservation project was launched 10 years ago. Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking. Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step! 4. How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A. By reflecting on the present life. B. By looking into the future environment. C. By introducing the previous achievements. D. By recalling the past shopping experience. 5. What did the author decide to do after the trip about 12 years ago? A. Cut back on travel. B. Shop less frequently. C. Lead a green life. D. Rurify drinking water 6. What do we know about the project in paragraph 4? A. It had no clear goal. B. It didn’t work out very well. C. It met the islanders’ needs. D. It was aimed to prevent turtle attacks. 7. What does the author think of the plastic problem? A. It is demanding B. It is manageable. C. It is easy to solve. D. It’s lacking in attention. C Human experts spend years roasting and tasting coffee from many places to learn about the beans. They might then combine (混合) a coffee bean from Africa with another one from South America to come up with a new blend (混合). But, a coffee roasting company in Helsinki, Finland is hoping that artificial intelligence, or AI, can help ease the workload. Kaffa Roastery recently brought out its “AI-conic” blend at the Helsinki Coffee Festival. The blend is a mixture of four kinds of beans, including Fazenda Pinhal from Brazil. It is the result of a joint project by Kaffa and Elev, a local AI business. Svante Hampf is the founder of Kaffa Roastery. He and his partners wanted to do an experiment to see what blend the computer would produce. “We basically gave descriptions of all our coffee types and their flavours to AI and instructed it to create a new exciting blend,” Hamp f said. The “AI-conic” blend combined beans from Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia and Guatemala. It is described as “a well-balanced blend of sweetness and ripe fruit”. Hampf said he thought the combination was “somewhat weird”. He was surprised that the AI programme chose to make the blend out of four different kinds of beans. Most humans choose only two or three beans. However, after the first blind test of the new blend, Kaffa’s coffee experts agreed that the AI-assisted blend was perfect. There was no need to change. Elev’s Antti Merilehto said “AI-conic” is an example of “how AI can introduce new viewpoint to experienced professionals”. The International Coffee Organization says that the 5.6 million people in Finland drink the most coffee per person in the world. And the roasters at Kaffa said they hope the AI project will help to bring more things to the strong coffee culture in the country. Hamp f called it a “first step”, adding, “I think AI has plenty to offer us in the long run. We are particularly impressed of the coffee taste descriptions it created.” 8. What is the function of Paragraph 1? A. To point out a problem. B. To present a finding. C. To introduce the topic. D. To call for a decision. 9. What can we learn about the “AI-conic” blend? A. It is now in mass production. B. It comes in a variety of fruit flavours. C. It is sweeter than other coffee. D. It combines beans from four countries. 10. What does the underlined word “weird” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Strange. B. Great. C. Ordinary. D. Strong. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. AI Robots Help Make Perfect Coffee B. A New Coffee Blend Wins People’s Love C. AI Tries Hand at Blending Coffee in Finland D. AI Projects Are Widely Used in Different Fields D Climate models can give us a preview of how humanity’s actions — or inaction — will change our planet over the coming decades and centuries. But because the planet is such a complex system, they aren’t perfect climate models have uncertainties that grow larger as they go farther into the future. Scientists and engineers from across the country are teaming up to build a new type of climate model that is designed to provide more precise and actionable predictions. Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a grid (格子) and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid, as well a show the sectors interact with each other. Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side. But for climate modeling, the devil is in the details — details that get missed in a too-large grid. “For cities planning their stormwater management facilities to resist the next 100 years’ worth of floods, this is a serious issue. Concrete answers about the likely range of climate outcomes are key for planning.” says Tapio Schneider, senior research scientist at CliMA. Weighing recent advances in the computational and data sciences, the team plans to step incandesce of the partners brings a different strength and research expertise to the project. “Our goal is a new model that projects future changes in critical variables such as cloud cover, sea ice extent, and rainfall more accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size of those in existing models.” said Dr. Andrew, the team leader. One doubter about the application of climate models is Raffaele Ferrari, a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Oceanography at MIT. “Using a model, we become puppeteers, masters of a giant system that is, in truth, beyond human control. We can cool or heat the planet at will, add salt or ice or rain or dust in any amount we want,” Dr. Ferrari says. “We have no backup planet. How climate models are used remains to be seen.” 12. Why are climate models built? A. To collect scientific data. B. To monitor human actions. C. To deliver useful forecasts. D. To maintain social systems. 13. What is the problem of current climate modeling? A. Shortage of facilities. B. Reliance on computers. C. Inability to get smaller grids. D. Limitation in simplifying details. 14. What does the team aim to do? A. Investigate serious issues. B. Guarantee the safety of the city. C. Change the future climate. D. Improve the accuracy of the models. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Climate models enjoys great popularity. B. Scientists have created a new climate model. C. Doubts about climate models are disappearing. D. Caution is advised in the use of climate models. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ever reacted to a situation in a way you later regretted? We all have. When we lack emotional intelligence, it can cost us relationships, both at work and in our personal lives. ____16____ So how can we do that? In this post, I uncover three simple yet science- backed strategies to help you get started. Form connections with micro- moments of upliftment Have you ever noticed how some people leave you feeling exhausted while others make you feel energized and positive? The difference often lies in whether you’ re interacting with a“ positive energizer” — someone who understands the power of small uplifting moments. You can become a positive energizer yourself. ____17____ Instead, it’s about sincerely connecting with people through modesty, empathy, honesty, integrity, and forgiveness. ____18____ Feeling overwhelmed or stressed? Everyone does at times. Studies by our research team and others show that breathing exercises are one of the quickest and most effective ways to manage emotions in real time. By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes. ____19____ When you breathe in, your heart rate speeds up, but when you breathe out, it slows down. To practice, close your eyes and breathe in for a count of four, then breathe out for a count of eight. Repeat this for at least two to five minutes. Tap into your self- awareness Have you ever reacted to a situation at work in a way you weren’t proud of? No matter how successful we may be, we all struggle with managing our emotions at times and suffer the consequences afterward. Self- awareness is vital for managing your reactions and improving your relationships. It’s about tuning into what’s happening in your mind and body — taking a moment to reflect and ask yourself“ What do I need right now?” Sit down and close your eyes. ____20____ Notice your state of your body, take note of your thoughts and notice your emotions. A. Bring your attention inward. B. Self- regulate with your breath. C. The key is to extend your exhalations. D. Manage your emotional intelligence wisely. E. This doesn’t mean forcing cheerfulness or wearing a fake smile. F. Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, assess and control the emotions of yourself. G. Learning how to manage our emotions skillfully is critical to being socially successful. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ambition is a necessary quality in life. It is the ____21____which drives us on to use whatever talent we have got. If we haven’t got some degree of ambition, these talents will not be used for our own and others’ ____22____. Ambition,____23____ , can have several faults. First of all, it can be____24____. We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us. Our career masters can see our good qualities and our limitations____25____. They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would not make good businessmen. We refuse to take their ____26____. We keep on trying. Many years and many ____27____ later we are forced to accept their judgement. But what a waste of time our ill-founded ambition has caused us! Secondly, our ambition can be too concentrated. Our attention is devoted to one ____28____aim, such as getting distinctions in a science subject. Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions. But what ____29____we have caused ourselves in the process! We are isolated beings only caring about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists. We____30____the breadth of vision necessary for success at a higher level. Thirdly, our ambition can be limited to lifeless objectives. We want to gain money, or power, or membership of some circles. Persons who feel inferior try to____31____by seeking the respect of others through possession of these artificial signs of worth. Fourthly, our ambition may be ____32____. Instead of directing some of our ambitions towards community improvement, we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements. In later life we may be ambitious for the success of our children but we regard this success as only a further ____33____of our own success. Ambition is necessary in the lives of individuals—necessary for their own improvement and for the improvement of the community in which they live. But, like all blind forces, it must be ____34____ if it is not to cause disaster. It must be tightly controlled by the head and the heart. Otherwise ambition may demand too high a price ____35____human qualities. 21. A. means B. action C. courage D. force 22. A. justice B. affection C. benefit D. emotion 23. A. however B. therefore C. besides D. furthermore 24. A. unpredictable B. unusual C. unfavorable D. unrealistic 25. A. positively B. objectively C. amusingly D. negatively 26. A. notice B. solution C. evaluation D. measure 27. A. occasions B. recoveries C. disappointments D. miracles 28. A. narrow B. broad C. separated D. isolated 29. A. damage B. interest C. cost D. profit 30. A. omit B. value C. own D. lack 31. A. give out B. take in C. turn down D. make up 32. A. self-centred B. self-disciplined C. self-satisfied D. self-controlled 33. A. time B. mark C. design D. image 34. A. directed B. promoted C. stimulated D. demanded 35. A. in the process of B. in terms of C. in spite of D. in honor of 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A statue of Petofi stands in the square in front of Lu Xun Museum in Shanghai, ____36____ (welcome) millions of visitors for the traditional friendship between China and Hungary. ____37____time went by, there was an increasing interest in learning the Chinese language in Hungary. A 19-year-old Hungary girl, Varge Bonita, ____38____ Chinese name is Hu Lingyue, traveled thousands of miles to the East and settled down in Beijing for her university life in the hope of knowing more about China. She ____39____(fall) in love with Chinese, a language with “____40____ special tone and beautiful handwriting” when she began to first hear Chinese at the age of seven. For her, learning Chinese is not just about mastering a language, but providing access____41____ Chinese history of 5,000 years with so many interesting aspects. With the____42____(popular) of Chinese in Hungary, signs in Chinese have been more and more____43____ (common) spotted in streets and Chinese characters are most likely to____44____(see) on bus tickets selling machines. Cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and Hungary have brought people closer and closer. The horizon is vast. There are____45____ (end) possibilities which have not been explored. 第四部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校无人机社团将于下周六举办无人机展览。请根据以下提示，给留学生朋友 Chris 写一封电子邮件，邀请他来一起观看，内容包括： 1.时间、地点： 2.展览介绍：亲自操作无人机、夜空无人机表演等; 3.期待回复。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 参考词汇：无人机 drone ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was my brother's idea. Let's get Mom a pet dog for her birthday. It would make her happy. I thought it was a good idea, as Mom had always wanted to own a dog. By the time our conversation ended, I had my task: find our mother a dog. After a careful search, I finally found an ad for dogs in a local newspaper. A nearby family had a dog who had just given birth to five male puppies（小狗）！ All had had their first vaccines（疫苗），and would be ready to leave their mom in a few weeks.I gave them a call. The man who answered the phone listened patiently to my story and set a date for us to meet the dogs. When the day arrived, I got into my brother's car. We pulled up in front of some houses that sat along a narrow street. As we stepped onto the sidewalk，we were greeted by noisy barks（吠叫声）. Four dogs had positioned themselves on the back of a sofa and were watching us through a large window. We climbed onto the porch(门廊) and rang the doorbell. A tall man with graying hair and a kind smile opened the door. As I reached to shake his hand I could see the puppies behind him, running to get to us. Each puppy wore a different color string around his neck. We met the man's wife, who wore a similar friendly smile and welcomed us to her home. We met the puppies' parents and then set about the business of selecting a friend for our mother. There were four puppies and four visitors; the man handed each of us a dog. Three of the puppies looked up at us with large, curious eyes. The fourth one, who I was holding, began to wiggle excitedly and kiss my face. "Let's take this one! He's the one! Look how lovely he is!" I said. As far as I was concerned, it was a done deal. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My brother wasn't sure and suggested that we take some time to get to know all of them. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two weeks later, we picked up the dog and hid him around the corner in my mom's living room while she opened her birthday gifts. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2024学年第一学期温州新力量联盟期中联考 高二年级英语学科试题 考生须知： 1. 本卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。 3. 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. How does Frank keep fit? A. He never eats fast food. B. He watches his diet. C. He exercises to lose weight. 2 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Apologize when Mary calms down. B. Return Mary’s notes in a few days. C. Talk to Mary after school. 3. Why is Tim late for class? A. He slept too late. B. He doesn’t have an alarm clock. C. His mother forgot to wake him up. 4. What do we know about Flight 998? A. It will be delayed for two hours. B. It will arrive as soon as the storm is over. C. Its arrival time is still unknown. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At the man’s home. B. At a dining hall. C. At a restaurant. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman make the phone call? A. To make a complaint. B. To apply for a job. C. To place a rush order. 7. When would the woman need the parts? A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why did the woman go to a small town? A. To enjoy a concert. B. To visit her friends. C. To go horse riding. 9 What did the woman do on Saturday? A. She went to a concert. B. She watched a movie. C. She attended a party. 10. What are the speakers talking about in general? A. A wonderful weekend. B. An interesting party. C. A beautiful farm. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where is the woman going? A. To her office. B. To her school. C. To the airport. 12. What is the woman worried about? A. She will miss her plane. B. The police will stop the taxi. C. She will be late for a meeting. 13. When does the man think he can get to the place? A. At about 8: 15. B. At about 8: 45. C. At about 10: 15. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where is the woman now? A. In Boston. B. In Chicago. C. In San Francisco. 15. What does the woman want to do? A. Sell her house. B. Run a store. C. Hunt for a job. 16. What does the man think of the woman’s idea? A. Crazy. B. Challenging. C. Exciting. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What will be known from the speaker? A. School rules of the new term. B. Course requirements of the new term. C. Arrangements of the new term. 18. Who is the new French teacher? A. Mary Smith. B. Mr. Williams. C. Ms. Woods. 19. Which club will meet on Wednesdays? A. Chess. B. Dance. C. Baseball. 20. When will the parents’ evening for Year 8 be held? A. In September. B. In October. C. In November. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2022 Best National University Rankings The US News Best College Rankings can help prospective students and their families compare institutions as they look for the best fit. Here is a breakdown of what goes into the annual rankings. Princeton University The ivy-covered campus of Princeton University, a private institution, is located in the quiet town of Princeton, New Jersey. Princeton was the first university to offer a “no loan (贷款)” policy to financially needy students, giving financial aid instead of loans to accepted students who need help paying tuition. Columbia University Columbia University has three undergraduate schools: Columbia College, The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), and the School of General Studies. This Ivy (常春藤) League, private school guarantees students housing for all four years on campus in Manhat-tan’s Morningside Heights neighborhood in New York City. Harvard University Harvard University is a private institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts, just outside of Boston. This Ivy League school is the oldest higher education institution in the country and has the largest donation of any school in the world. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Though the Massachusetts Institute of Technology may be best known for its math, science and engineering education, this private research university also offers architecture, humanities, management and social science programs. The school is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, just across the Charles River from downtown Boston. To further explore the rankings and data, please log in the US News College Compass! The following pages include each school’s performance across ranking indicators and the latest statistics used in the calculations. 1. Which university is most favourable to the poorer students? A. Princeton University. B. Columbia University. C. Harvard University. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 2. What do the four universities have in common according to the text? A. They are Ivy League schools. B. They guarantee students’ accommodation. C. They are private institutions. D. They offer financial aid to students. 3. Where can we find the text? A. In a geographical magazine. B. In a travel brochure. C. In an education book. D. On a web page. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年美国排名靠前的四所大学，包括其特点、地理位置和其他信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Princeton University中的“Princeton was the first university to offer a “no loan (贷款)” policy to financially needy students, giving financial aid instead of loans to accepted students who need help paying tuition. ”（普林斯顿大学是第一个向经济困难的学生提供“无贷款”政策的大学，为需要帮助支付学费的被录取的学生提供经济援助而不是贷款。）可知，对贫困生最有利的是普林斯顿大学，因为它提供的是经济援助而不是贷款，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Princeton University部分的“a private institution”（是一所私立院校），Columbia University部分的“This Ivy (常春藤) League, private school”（这所常春藤盟校是一所私立学校） ，Harvard University部分的“Harvard University is a private institution”（哈佛大学是一所私立大学），Massachusetts Institute of Technology部分的“this private research university ”（这所私立研究型大学 ）可知，这几所大学的共同点是都是私立的，故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“To further explore the rankings and data, please log in the US News College Compass! The fol-lowing pages include each school’s performance across ranking indicators and the latest statistics used in the calculations.”（欲进一步了解排名和数据，请登录美国新闻学院指南!以下几页列出了每所学校在排名指标上的表现，以及在计算中使用的最新统计数据。）可推知，文章来自于网页。故选D。 B I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia. One day about 12 years ago, I stopped at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast ta buy some groceries. But the lady at the counter told me that the supermarket didn’t sell any shopping bags to prevent plastic in the ocean and help preserve the endangered turtles(海龟) living in that area. After a first reaction of surprise, I gathered all purchases in my arms and left, reflecting on what I had been told. The experience in that trip made me more conscious about my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live more sustainably. For example, I always carried a cotton bag when I went shopping. My travel to Indonesia was another life-changing experience that strengthened my determination to turn to a zero-waste lifestyle. In Indonesia, finding safe drinkable water was always a challenge, so I traveled with my water bottle, managing to avoid almost entirely the use of plastic during my trip. However, I was seriously struck by my stay on the Libaran Island, where a sustainable and turtle conservation project was launched 10 years ago. Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking. Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step! 4. How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A. By reflecting on the present life. B By looking into the future environment. C. By introducing the previous achievements. D. By recalling the past shopping experience. 5. What did the author decide to do after the trip about 12 years ago? A. Cut back on travel. B. Shop less frequently. C. Lead a green life. D. Rurify drinking water 6. What do we know about the project in paragraph 4? A. It had no clear goal. B. It didn’t work out very well. C. It met the islanders’ needs. D. It was aimed to prevent turtle attacks. 7. What does the author think of the plastic problem? A. It is demanding B. It is manageable. C. It is easy to solve. D. It’s lacking in attention. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者从自己的亲身经历中意识到了塑料对地球的严重影响，并下定决心在生活中努力减少塑料，作者相信小小的改变也能产生大的影响。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段首句“I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia.(我在西澳大利亚旅行时第一次意识到塑料对我们的星球来说是一个严重的问题。)”和下文举例可知，第一段首先讲述了作者在西澳大利亚旅行时意识到了塑料的严重性，并具体描述了作者购物时的经历，由此可推测出，作者通过介绍过去的一个经历来引出了本文主题。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The experience in that trip made me more conscious about my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live more sustainably.(那次旅行的经历让我更加意识到自己的影响，并促使我养成各种习惯，以更可持续的方式旅行和生活。)”可知，那次旅行促使作者养成可持续旅行和生活的习惯，由此可推测出，作者决定过绿色生活。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking.(尽管项目工作人员和社区在清理海滩和创造性地重复使用塑料方面做出了巨大努力，但海岸每天都会被成吨的塑料冲刷，这些塑料来自潮汐。走在塑料地毯上，差点让我看不到下面的海滩，这真是太令人震惊了。)”可知，海岸每天都被冲来大量塑料，覆盖住了海滩，由此可推测出，这个计划进展得并不顺利。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step!(亲身面对这个全球性的问题，我感到悲伤和愤怒的感觉很快变成了决心：尽可能多地减少我生活中的塑料。有时候，面对大问题，我们可能会感到无助，但我们应该意识到，微小的改变实际上可以一步一步地产生影响！)”可知，面对塑料问题，作者决定尽可能多地减少自己生活中的塑料，而且作者相信微小的改变也可以产生影响。由此可推测出，作者认为塑料问题是可以应对的。故选B。 C Human experts spend years roasting and tasting coffee from many places to learn about the beans. They might then combine (混合) a coffee bean from Africa with another one from South America to come up with a new blend (混合). But, a coffee roasting company in Helsinki, Finland is hoping that artificial intelligence, or AI, can help ease the workload. Kaffa Roastery recently brought out its “AI-conic” blend at the Helsinki Coffee Festival. The blend is a mixture of four kinds of beans, including Fazenda Pinhal from Brazil. It is the result of a joint project by Kaffa and Elev, a local AI business. Svante Hampf is the founder of Kaffa Roastery. He and his partners wanted to do an experiment to see what blend the computer would produce. “We basically gave descriptions of all our coffee types and their flavours to AI and instructed it to create a new exciting blend,” Hamp f said. The “AI-conic” blend combined beans from Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia and Guatemala. It is described as “a well-balanced blend of sweetness and ripe fruit”. Hampf said he thought the combination was “somewhat weird”. He was surprised that the AI programme chose to make the blend out of four different kinds of beans. Most humans choose only two or three beans. However, after the first blind test of the new blend, Kaffa’s coffee experts agreed that the AI-assisted blend was perfect. There was no need to change. Elev’s Antti Merilehto said “AI-conic” is an example of “how AI can introduce new viewpoint to experienced professionals”. The International Coffee Organization says that the 5.6 million people in Finland drink the most coffee per person in the world. And the roasters at Kaffa said they hope the AI project will help to bring more things to the strong coffee culture in the country. Hamp f called it a “first step”, adding, “I think AI has plenty to offer us in the long run. We are particularly impressed of the coffee taste descriptions it created.” 8. What is the function of Paragraph 1? A. To point out a problem. B. To present a finding. C. To introduce the topic. D. To call for a decision. 9. What can we learn about the “AI-conic” blend? A. It is now in mass production. B. It comes in a variety of fruit flavours. C. It is sweeter than other coffee. D. It combines beans from four countries. 10. What does the underlined word “weird” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Strange. B. Great. C. Ordinary. D. Strong. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. AI Robots Help Make Perfect Coffee B. A New Coffee Blend Wins People’s Love C. AI Tries Hand at Blending Coffee in Finland D. AI Projects Are Widely Used in Different Fields 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了芬兰赫尔辛基Kaffa Roastery咖啡烘焙公司与当地的AI公司Elev合作，利用人工智能创造出一种新的咖啡混合物“AI-conic”。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Human experts spend years roasting and tasting coffee from many places to learn about the beans. They might then combine (混合) a coffee bean from Africa with another one from South America to come up with a new blend (混合). But, a coffee roasting company in Helsinki, Finland is hoping that artificial intelligence, or AI, can help ease the workload.(人类专家花费数年时间从许多地方烘焙和品尝咖啡，以了解咖啡豆。然后，他们可能会将一种来自非洲的咖啡豆与另一种来自南美的咖啡豆混合在一起，从而得到一种新的混合物。但是，芬兰赫尔辛基的一家咖啡烘焙公司希望人工智能(AI)可以帮助他们减轻工作量)”以及下文讲述人工智能混合咖啡豆可知，本段主要是引出主题——将人工智能应用于咖啡烘焙，故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The ‘AI-conic’ blend combined beans from Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia and Guatemala.(这种‘AI-conic’混合了来自巴西、哥伦比亚、埃塞俄比亚和危地马拉的咖啡豆)”可知，AI-conic结合了来自四个国家的咖啡豆。故选D。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“He was surprised that the AI programme chose to make the blend out of four different kinds of beans. Most humans choose only two or three beans. However, after the first blind test of the new blend, Kaffa’s coffee experts agreed that the AI-assisted blend was perfect.(令他惊讶的是，人工智能程序选择用四种不同的咖啡豆进行混合。大多数人只选择两到三颗豆子。然而，在对新配方进行首次盲测后，Kaffa的咖啡专家一致认为，人工智能辅助的配方是完美的)”可知，与人类不同，人工智能程序选择用四种不同的咖啡豆进行混合，经过测试后专家一致认为人工智能辅助的配方是完美的，结合下文关键词“surprised”和“However”可知，一开始Hampf认为人工智能辅助的配方有点奇怪，weird意为“奇怪的”，故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“The blend is a mixture of four kinds of beans, including Fazenda Pinhal from Brazil. It is the result of a joint project by Kaffa and Elev, a local AI business.(这种混合物由四种咖啡豆混合而成，其中包括来自巴西的Fazenda Pinhal。这是Kaffa和当地人工智能企业Elev联合项目的成果)”和最后一段中“I think AI has plenty to offer us in the long run. We are particularly impressed of the coffee taste descriptions it created.(我认为从长远来看，人工智能可以为我们提供很多东西。我们对它创造的咖啡味道描述印象特别深刻)”可知，文章主要讲述了芬兰赫尔辛基的Kaffa Roastery咖啡烘焙公司与当地的AI公司Elev合作，利用人工智能创造出一种新的咖啡混合物“AI-conic”。C项“AI在芬兰尝试混合咖啡”为最佳标题，故选C。 D Climate models can give us a preview of how humanity’s actions — or inaction — will change our planet over the coming decades and centuries. But because the planet is such a complex system, they aren’t perfect climate models have uncertainties that grow larger as they go farther into the future. Scientists and engineers from across the country are teaming up to build a new type of climate model that is designed to provide more precise and actionable predictions. Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a grid (格子) and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid, as well a show the sectors interact with each other. Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side. But for climate modeling, the devil is in the details — details that get missed in a too-large grid. “For cities planning their stormwater management facilities to resist the next 100 years’ worth of floods, this is a serious issue. Concrete answers about the likely range of climate outcomes are key for planning.” says Tapio Schneider, senior research scientist at CliMA. Weighing recent advances in the computational and data sciences, the team plans to step incandesce of the partners brings a different strength and research expertise to the project. “Our goal is a new model that projects future changes in critical variables such as cloud cover, sea ice extent, and rainfall more accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size of those in existing models.” said Dr. Andrew, the team leader. One doubter about the application of climate models is Raffaele Ferrari, a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Oceanography at MIT. “Using a model, we become puppeteers, masters of a giant system that is, in truth, beyond human control. We can cool or heat the planet at will, add salt or ice or rain or dust in any amount we want,” Dr. Ferrari says. “We have no backup planet. How climate models are used remains to be seen.” 12. Why are climate models built? A. To collect scientific data. B. To monitor human actions. C. To deliver useful forecasts. D. To maintain social systems. 13. What is the problem of current climate modeling? A. Shortage of facilities. B. Reliance on computers. C. Inability to get smaller grids. D. Limitation in simplifying details. 14. What does the team aim to do? A. Investigate serious issues. B. Guarantee the safety of the city. C. Change the future climate. D. Improve the accuracy of the models. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Climate models enjoys great popularity. B. Scientists have created a new climate model. C. Doubts about climate models are disappearing. D. Caution is advised in the use of climate models. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。本文围绕气候模型的主题，解释了其工作原理、存在的局限性，以及科学家们如何努力改进气候模型以提高预测的准确性和实用性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Climate models can give us a preview of how humanity’s actions—or inaction—will change our planet over the coming decades and centuries.(气候模型可以让我们预览人类的行为——或不作为——将如何在未来几十年和几个世纪改变我们的星球)”以及“Scientists and engineers from across the country are teaming up to build a new type of climate model that is designed to provide more precise and actionable predictions.(来自全国各地的科学家和工程师正在合作建立一种新型的气候模型，旨在提供更精确和可操作的预测)”可知，建立气候模型是为了提供有用的预测。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a grid (格子) and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid, as well a show the sectors interact with each other. Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side. But for climate modeling, the devil is in the details—details that get missed in a too-large grid.(目前的气候模型依赖于将全球划分成一个网格，然后计算网格中每个区域的情况，以及显示区域之间的相互作用。可用计算机处理能力的限制意味着这些扇区通常不能小于每边几十公里。但对于气候模型来说，关键在于细节——那些在太大的网格中被遗漏的细节)”可知，当前气候模型的问题是无法得到更小的网格。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Weighing recent advances in the computational and data sciences, the team plans to step incandesce of the partners brings a different strength and research expertise to the project. “Our goal is a new model that projects future changes in critical variables such as cloud cover, sea ice extent, and rainfall more accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size of those in existing models.” said Dr. Andrew, the team leader.(考虑到计算和数据科学的最新进展，该团队计划进行深入研究。每个合作伙伴都为该项目带来了不同的优势和研究专长。“我们的目标是创建一个新模型，能够更准确地预测云量、海冰范围和降雨量等关键变量的未来变化，而且不确定性至少比现有模型中的小一半。”团队负责人安德鲁博士说)”可知，团队的目标是提高模型的准确性。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“One doubter about the application of climate models is Raffaele Ferrari, a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Oceanography at MIT. “Using a model, we become puppeteers, masters of a giant system that is, in truth, beyond human control. We can cool or heat the planet at will, add salt or ice or rain or dust in any amount we want,” Dr. Ferrari says. “We have no backup planet. How climate models are used remains to be seen.”(麻省理工学院海洋学Cecil和Ida Green教授 Raffaele Ferrari对气候模型的应用持怀疑态度。“通过模型，我们成为了操纵木偶的大师，成为了一个巨大系统的主人，而这个系统实际上超出了人类的控制。我们可以随意冷却或加热地球，可以随意添加我们想要的盐、冰、雨或灰尘，”Ferrari博士说。“我们没有备用星球。如何使用气候模型还有待观察。”)”可知，Ferrari警告人们如何使用气候模型还有待观察，所以在使用气候模型时应谨慎。故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ever reacted to a situation in a way you later regretted? We all have. When we lack emotional intelligence, it can cost us relationships, both at work and in our personal lives. ____16____ So how can we do that? In this post, I uncover three simple yet science- backed strategies to help you get started. Form connections with micro- moments of upliftment Have you ever noticed how some people leave you feeling exhausted while others make you feel energized and positive? The difference often lies in whether you’ re interacting with a“ positive energizer” — someone who understands the power of small uplifting moments. You can become a positive energizer yourself. ____17____ Instead, it’s about sincerely connecting with people through modesty, empathy, honesty, integrity, and forgiveness. ____18____ Feeling overwhelmed or stressed? Everyone does at times. Studies by our research team and others show that breathing exercises are one of the quickest and most effective ways to manage emotions in real time. By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes. ____19____ When you breathe in, your heart rate speeds up, but when you breathe out, it slows down. To practice, close your eyes and breathe in for a count of four, then breathe out for a count of eight. Repeat this for at least two to five minutes. Tap into your self- awareness Have you ever reacted to a situation at work in a way you weren’t proud of? No matter how successful we may be, we all struggle with managing our emotions at times and suffer the consequences afterward. Self- awareness is vital for managing your reactions and improving your relationships. It’s about tuning into what’s happening in your mind and body — taking a moment to reflect and ask yourself“ What do I need right now?” Sit down and close your eyes. ____20____ Notice your state of your body, take note of your thoughts and notice your emotions. A. Bring your attention inward. B. Self- regulate with your breath. C. The key is to extend your exhalations. D. Manage your emotional intelligence wisely. E. This doesn’t mean forcing cheerfulness or wearing a fake smile. F. Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, assess and control the emotions of yourself. G. Learning how to manage our emotions skillfully is critical to being socially successful. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何更好地管理情绪给出了三个方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Ever reacted to a situation in a way you later regretted? We all have. When we lack emotional intelligence, it can cost us relationships, both at work and in our personal lives.(你是否曾经对某件事做出过事后后悔的反应？我们都有。当我们缺乏情商时，无论是在工作中还是在个人生活中，它都会让我们失去人际关系)”以及后文“So how can we do that? In this post, I uncover three simple yet science- backed strategies to help you get started. (我们怎么做呢？在这篇文章中，我揭示了三个简单但有科学依据的策略来帮助你开始)”可知，本句为过渡句，通过上文的引入总结需要情绪管理，后文给出方法。故G选项“学会如何巧妙地管理我们的情绪是在社交上取得成功的关键”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“You can become a positive energizer yourself.(你自己也可以成为一个积极的激励者)”以及后文“Instead, it’s about sincerely connecting with people through modesty, empathy, honesty, integrity, and forgiveness.(相反，它是通过谦虚、同理心、诚实、正直和宽恕与人真诚地建立联系)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，故本句是在说明成为积极的激励者的注意事项。故E选项“这并不意味着强颜欢笑或假笑”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据本段内容“Feeling overwhelmed or stressed? Everyone does at times. Studies by our research team and others show that breathing exercises are one of the quickest and most effective ways to manage emotions in real time. By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes.(感到不知所措或压力山大？每个人都有这样的时候。我们的研究团队和其他人的研究表明，呼吸练习是实时管理情绪的最快、最有效的方法之一。通过改变吸气和呼气的频率，你可以在几分钟内显著降低你的压力水平)”可知，本段提出的建议是通过呼吸来调节情绪。故B选项“自我调节你的呼吸”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes.(通过改变吸气和呼气的频率，你可以在几分钟内显著降低你的压力水平)”以及后文“When you breathe in, your heart rate speeds up, but when you breathe out, it slows down. To practice, close your eyes and breathe in for a count of four, then breathe out for a count of eight. Repeat this for at least two to five minutes.(当你吸气时，你的心率会加快，但当你呼气时，它会减慢。练习时，闭上眼睛吸气，数到四，然后呼出，数到八。重复这个动作至少2到5分钟)”可知，上文提到了改变吸气和呼气的频率，结合后文的具体步骤可知，本句主要是在说明要延长呼气的时间长度。故C选项“关键是要延长你的呼气时间”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Notice your state of your body, take note of your thoughts and notice your emotions.(注意你的身体状态，注意你的思想，注意你的情绪)”可知，后文提到注意身体状态、思想和情绪，即多关注自己的内在感受。故A选项“把你的注意力向内转移”符合语境，故选A。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ambition is a necessary quality in life. It is the ____21____which drives us on to use whatever talent we have got. If we haven’t got some degree of ambition, these talents will not be used for our own and others’ ____22____. Ambition,____23____ , can have several faults. First of all, it can be____24____. We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us. Our career masters can see our good qualities and our limitations____25____. They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would not make good businessmen. We refuse to take their ____26____. We keep on trying. Many years and many ____27____ later we are forced to accept their judgement. But what a waste of time our ill-founded ambition has caused us! Secondly, our ambition can be too concentrated. Our attention is devoted to one ____28____aim, such as getting distinctions in a science subject. Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions. But what ____29____we have caused ourselves in the process! We are isolated beings only caring about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists. We____30____the breadth of vision necessary for success at a higher level. Thirdly, our ambition can be limited to lifeless objectives. We want to gain money, or power, or membership of some circles. Persons who feel inferior try to____31____by seeking the respect of others through possession of these artificial signs of worth. Fourthly, our ambition may be ____32____. Instead of directing some of our ambitions towards community improvement, we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements. In later life we may be ambitious for the success of our children but we regard this success as only a further ____33____of our own success. Ambition is necessary in the lives of individuals—necessary for their own improvement and for the improvement of the community in which they live. But, like all blind forces, it must be ____34____ if it is not to cause disaster. It must be tightly controlled by the head and the heart. Otherwise ambition may demand too high a price ____35____human qualities. 21. A. means B. action C. courage D. force 22. A. justice B. affection C. benefit D. emotion 23. A. however B. therefore C. besides D. furthermore 24. A. unpredictable B. unusual C. unfavorable D. unrealistic 25. A. positively B. objectively C. amusingly D. negatively 26. A. notice B. solution C. evaluation D. measure 27. A. occasions B. recoveries C. disappointments D. miracles 28. A. narrow B. broad C. separated D. isolated 29. A. damage B. interest C. cost D. profit 30. A. omit B. value C. own D. lack 31. A. give out B. take in C. turn down D. make up 32. A. self-centred B. self-disciplined C. self-satisfied D. self-controlled 33. A. time B. mark C. design D. image 34. A. directed B. promoted C. stimulated D. demanded 35. A. in the process of B. in terms of C. in spite of D. in honor of 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了雄心壮志是人生必备的品质，但是野心也可能有一些缺点，文章主要列举了野心的四个缺点。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是一种力量，驱使我们运用我们所拥有的一切才能。A. means方法；B. action行动；C. courage勇气；D. force力量。根据后文“drives us on to use whatever talent we have got”可知，野心是一种力量，可以驱使我们运用我们所拥有的一切才能。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有某种程度的野心，这些才能就不会被用于我们自己和他人的利益。A. justice公平；B. affection喜爱；C. benefit益处；D. emotion情感。根据上文“these talents will not be used for our own and others’”指利用才能来让自己和他人受益。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，野心也可能有一些缺点。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. besides此外；D. furthermore此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，它是不现实的。A. unpredictable无法预测的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unfavorable不支持的；D. unrealistic不现实的。根据后文“We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us.(我们可能看不到自己能力的极限，所以我们会做一些完全超出我们能力范围的雄心勃勃的事情)”可知，野心是不现实的。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的职业导师能客观地看到我们的优点和缺点。A. positively积极地；B. objectively客观地；C. amusingly有趣地；D. negatively消极地。根据后文“They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would not make good businessmen.(他们可能会告诉我们，我们没有与人打交道的能力，不会成为一个好的商人)”可知，职业导师能客观地看到我们的优点和缺点。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拒绝接受他们的评价。A. notice通知；B. solution解决方案；C. evaluation评价；D. measure测量。根据上文“They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would not make good businessmen.(他们可能会告诉我们，我们没有与人打交道的能力，不会成为一个好的商人)”可知，职业导师在评价我们。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年，许多失望之后，我们被迫接受他们的判断。A. occasions场合；B. recoveries恢复；C. disappointments失望；D. miracles奇迹。根据后文“later we are forced to accept their judgement”可知，接受他们的评价是因为经历了许多失望。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的注意力都集中在一个狭隘的目标上，例如在一门科学科目上取得优异成绩。A. narrow狭窄的，勉强的；B. broad宽的；C. separated分开的；D. isolated隔离的。根据后文“such as getting distinctions in a science subject”可知，此处指注意力都集中在一个狭隘的目标上，例如在一门科学科目上取得优异成绩。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在这个过程中，我们给自己造成了多大的伤害啊！A. damage破坏；B. interest兴趣；C. cost成本；D. profit利润。根据上文“Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions.(一切可能使我们偏离这个目标的东西都被从我们的生活中剔除。最后我们得到了差异)”可知，此处指因为目标狭窄而给自身造成的伤害和损失。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们缺乏在更高层次上取得成功所必需的广阔视野。A. omit省略；B. value重视；C. own拥有；D. lack缺少。根据上文“We are isolated beings only caring about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists.(我们是孤立的存在，只关心一个特定的考试。我们可能不会成为优秀的科学家)”可知，我们缺乏在更高层次上取得成功所必需的广阔视野。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：感到自卑的人试图通过拥有这些人为的价值标志来寻求他人的尊重，从而弥补自己的不足。A. give out分发；B. take in理解；C. turn down拒绝；D. make up弥补。根据后文“by seeking the respect of others through possession of these artificial signs of worth”可知，感到自卑的人试图通过拥有这些人为的价值标志来寻求他人的尊重，从而弥补自己的不足。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第四，我们的野心可能以自我为中心。A. self-centred自我中心的；B. self-disciplined自律的；C. self-satisfied自满的；D. self-controlled自控的。根据后文“Instead of directing some of our ambitions towards community improvement, we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements.(我们可能会利用社区成员的利益来实现自我发展，而不是将我们的一些抱负用于改善社区)”可知，我们的野心可能以自我为中心。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在以后的生活中，我们可能会雄心勃勃地希望我们的孩子成功，但我们认为这种成功只是我们自己成功的进一步标志。A. time时间；B. mark标志；C. design设计；D. image图像。根据上文“but we regard this success as only a further”可知，此处指我们把孩子的成功看成自己成功的标志，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，像所有盲目的力量一样，如果它不想造成灾难，就必须加以引导。A. directed指导；B. promoted促进；C. stimulated刺激；D. demanded要求。根据后文“if it is not to cause disaster”可知，如果个人的野心不想造成灾难，就必须加以引导。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：否则，就人类的品质而言，雄心壮志可能需要付出过高的代价。A. in the process of在……过程中；B. in terms of就……而言；C. in spite of尽管；D. in honor of为纪念。根据后文“human qualities”可知，野心抱负只是人类品质的其中一项，所以这里指就人类的品质而言，不加以引导的话，雄心壮志可能需要付出过高的代价。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A statue of Petofi stands in the square in front of Lu Xun Museum in Shanghai, ____36____ (welcome) millions of visitors for the traditional friendship between China and Hungary. ____37____time went by, there was an increasing interest in learning the Chinese language in Hungary. A 19-year-old Hungary girl, Varge Bonita, ____38____ Chinese name is Hu Lingyue, traveled thousands of miles to the East and settled down in Beijing for her university life in the hope of knowing more about China. She ____39____(fall) in love with Chinese, a language with “____40____ special tone and beautiful handwriting” when she began to first hear Chinese at the age of seven. For her, learning Chinese is not just about mastering a language, but providing access____41____ Chinese history of 5,000 years with so many interesting aspects. With the____42____(popular) of Chinese in Hungary, signs in Chinese have been more and more____43____ (common) spotted in streets and Chinese characters are most likely to____44____(see) on bus tickets selling machines. Cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and Hungary have brought people closer and closer. The horizon is vast. There are____45____ (end) possibilities which have not been explored. 【答案】36. welcoming 37. As 38. whose 39. fell 40. a 41. to 42. popularity 43. commonly 44. be seen 45. endless 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了匈牙利女孩学习汉语的经历，同时在匈牙利，学习汉语的兴趣也越来越大。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Petofi的雕像矗立在上海鲁迅博物馆前的广场上，为中匈两国的传统友谊欢迎数百万游客。句中谓语是stands，空格处用非谓语动词，statue和welcome之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填welcoming。 【37题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，匈牙利人对学习汉语的兴趣越来越浓厚。as time went by意为“随着时间的推移”，as引导的是时间状语从句，因此空格处是as，位于句首，首字母大写，故填As。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：19岁的匈牙利女孩Varge Bonita，中文名胡令月，不远万里来到东方，在北京开始了她的大学生活，希望能更多地了解中国。空格处引导是非限制性定语从句，Varge Bonita和Chinese name之间是所属关系，因此空格处用关系代词whose表所属，故填whose。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：当她七岁第一次听到汉语时，她就爱上了汉语，这是一种“声调特别，字迹优美”的语言。由at the age of seven可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填fell。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当她七岁第一次听到汉语时，她就爱上了汉语，这是一种“声调特别，字迹优美”的语言。tone是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，special是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：对她来说，学习汉语不仅仅是掌握一门语言，而是了解中国5000年的历史，其中有很多有趣的方面。access to是固定短语，意为“接触”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着汉语在匈牙利的普及，街道上越来越多地看到中文标志，公交车售票机上最容易看到汉字。空格处用名词作宾语，popular的名词是popularity，意为“普及”，是不可数名词，故填popularity。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：随着汉语在匈牙利的普及，街道上越来越多地看到中文标志，公交车售票机上最容易看到汉字。空格处用副词commonly修饰动词spotted，commonly意为“通常地”，故填commonly。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：随着汉语在匈牙利的普及，街道上越来越多地看到中文标志，公交车售票机上最容易看到汉字。sb. be likely to do是固定短语，意为“某人可能做某事”，汉字是被看到，因此要用不定式的被动语态，空前有to，因此空格处是be seen。故填be seen。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有无限的可能性尚未被探索。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词possibilities，由which have not been explored可知，句子表示“有无限的可能性尚未被探索”，空格处意为“无限的”，形容词是endless。故填endless。 第四部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校无人机社团将于下周六举办无人机展览。请根据以下提示，给留学生朋友 Chris 写一封电子邮件，邀请他来一起观看，内容包括： 1.时间、地点： 2.展览介绍：亲自操作无人机、夜空无人机表演等; 3.期待回复。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 参考词汇：无人机 drone ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Chris, With a drone exhibition to be held next Saturday in our school, I am writing to extend a sincere invitation to you in hopes that you’ll attend it. Scheduled to start at 9:00 am and end at 8:00 pm, the exhibition will make you amazed when you catch sight of so many drones of different sizes in person. In addition, it’s certain that you will gain access to some drones after receiving basic training. Most importantly, watching a drone show will be undoubtedly breathtaking as a feast for your eyes in the playground in the evening. Looking forward to your early reply. If you come, you are bound to get the best out of the exhibition . Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给留学生朋友 Chris 写一封电子邮件，邀请他来一起观看下周六举办的无人机展览。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 诚挚的：sincere→heartfelt 参加：attend→appear 开始：start→begin 惊讶的：amazed→astonished 2. 句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：Most importantly, watching a drone show will be undoubtedly breathtaking as a feast for your eyes in the playground in the evening. 拓展句：Most importantly, it will be undoubtedly breathtaking as a feast for your eyes to watch a drone show in the playground in the evening. 【点睛】[高分句型1]With a drone exhibition to be held next Saturday in our school, I am writing to extend a sincere invitation to you in hopes that you’ll attend it.(that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]Scheduled to start at 9:00 am and end at 8:00 pm, the exhibition will make you amazed when you catch sight of so many drones of different sizes in person.(when引导的时间状语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was my brother's idea. Let's get Mom a pet dog for her birthday. It would make her happy. I thought it was a good idea, as Mom had always wanted to own a dog. By the time our conversation ended, I had my task: find our mother a dog. After a careful search, I finally found an ad for dogs in a local newspaper. A nearby family had a dog who had just given birth to five male puppies（小狗）！ All had had their first vaccines（疫苗），and would be ready to leave their mom in a few weeks.I gave them a call. The man who answered the phone listened patiently to my story and set a date for us to meet the dogs. When the day arrived, I got into my brother's car. We pulled up in front of some houses that sat along a narrow street. As we stepped onto the sidewalk，we were greeted by noisy barks（吠叫声）. Four dogs had positioned themselves on the back of a sofa and were watching us through a large window. We climbed onto the porch(门廊) and rang the doorbell. A tall man with graying hair and a kind smile opened the door. As I reached to shake his hand, I could see the puppies behind him, running to get to us. Each puppy wore a different color string around his neck. We met the man's wife who wore a similar friendly smile and welcomed us to her home. We met the puppies' parents and then set about the business of selecting a friend for our mother. There were four puppies and four visitors; the man handed each of us a dog. Three of the puppies looked up at us with large, curious eyes. The fourth one, who I was holding, began to wiggle excitedly and kiss my face. "Let's take this one! He's the one! Look how lovely he is!" I said. As far as I was concerned, it was a done deal. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My brother wasn't sure and suggested that we take some time to get to know all of them. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two weeks later, we picked up the dog and hid him around the corner in my mom's living room while she opened her birthday gifts. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My brother wasn 't sure and suggested that we take some time to get to know all of them. We spent the next hour sitting on the floor playing with a group of puppies. Finally, we settled on a different puppy for our mom. He was the smallest and weakest of the dogs and made up for his smallness with a large personality. He spent most of the time we were there either jumping on one of us or following his patient mother around asking for more to eat. We signed the paperwork and agreed on the pick-up date. Two weeks later, we picked up the dog and hid him around the corner in my mom's living room while she opened her birthday gifts. Just when she thought she was done, the small dog walked across the room toward her. It took a moment for Mom to be aware of him, and then she began to cry. She knelt on the floor and pulled the dog into her arms. As she kissed him, she looked up through her tears and said, “This is the best birthday gift I've ever got”. Hearing that, my brother and I looked at each other and smiled. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者和弟弟准备在母亲生日的时候给她一只宠物狗。有一天他们在报纸上看到有领养狗的广告，于是作者和弟弟一起去狗主人家挑选所要领养的狗。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由续写第一段首句“我弟弟不确定，建议我们花点时间了解他们。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：作者和弟弟又花了一些时间观察所有狗的情况，最终选择了心仪的狗并和主人约定了领狗的时间。 ②由第二段首句“两周后，当我妈妈打开生日礼物时，我们把狗抱起来，藏在角落里我妈妈的客厅里。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：作者和弟弟在母亲生日当天把狗送给了母亲，母亲很高兴，作者和弟弟看到后，也露出微笑。 2.续写线索：作者和弟弟精心选狗——作者与狗主人达成约定，确定取狗时间——母亲生日时给她惊喜——母亲认为这是她最好的礼物——作者和弟弟为自己所做的感到值得 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.弥补：make up for/remedy/compensate ②.要求： ask for /require /demand 情绪类 ①.哭：cry/burst out crying/ burst into tears ②.笑：smile /smile heartily /smile from the bottom of one’s heart 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Just when she thought she was done, the small dog walked across the room toward her.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） [高分句型2].This is the best birthday gift I've ever got（运用了省略that的定语从句） [高分句型3].Hearing that, my brother and I looked at each other and smiled.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$