Unit 4（知识清单） -2024-2025学年英语五年级下册单元速记·巧练系列（译林版三起）

Unit 4 Seeing the doctor 知 识 归 纳 语音 字母组合sh在单词中发/ʃ/音。如: shoe, shop, she, ship 必记单词 四会 feel感觉，感到 should应该 toothache牙疼 anything任何东西 三会 check检查 dentist牙医 bedtime就寝时间 giraffe长颈鹿 neck脖子 常考短语 see the doctor看医生，看病 have a headache头疼 let me check让我检查一下 have a fever发烧 have a rest休息 take medicine吃药 feel tired感觉累 have a toothache牙疼 point at指着，指向 brush one's teeth刷牙 before bedtime就寝前 in March在三月 drink water喝水 go to see the dentist去看牙医 can't eat anything不能吃任何东西 eat a lot of sweets吃许多糖果 can't hear well不能听清楚 help in the hospital在医院帮忙 be happy to help them很高兴帮助他/她/它们 talk about illnesses讨论疾病 必会句型 1.询问某人怎么了的句型及其答语：—What's wrong with…? —主语+ have/ has a/ an… 例：—What's wrong with you?你怎么了? —I have a fever.我发烧了。 2.询问某人应该做什么的句型及其答语：—What should+主语+ do? —主语+ should... 例：—What should I do, Doctor?我应该做什么，医生？ —You should take some medicine and drink some warm water.你应该吃一些药并喝一些温水。 3.询问某人感觉如何的句型：How do/ does+主语+ feel...? 例：How do you feel now?你们现在感觉如何？ 核心语法 1.情态动词should的用法 2.看病就医的常用表达：(1)What's the matter with sb.? (2)What's wrong with sb.?(3)How do/ does sb. feel? 3.易错易混辨析：①易混淆too many与too much的用法 ②point at与point to的用法 考 点 速 记 [考点1] 情态动词should的用法 【原文】You should have a rest at home. 你应该在家休息。 You shouldn't eat too many sweets. 你不应该吃太多的糖。 should是情态动词，意为“应该，应当”，没有人称和数的变化，should不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，常用来表示意见、建议、劝告、要求等。其句型结构如下： 1.肯定句：主语+ should+动词原形+其他。 例：You should drink warm water.你应该喝温水。 2.否定句：主语+ shouldn't+动词原形+其他。 含should的否定句，直接在should后加not,可缩写为shouldn't,意为“不应该”。 例: You shouldn't eat too many sweets. They are bad for your teeth. 你不应该吃太多糖果。它们对你的牙齿有害。 3.一般疑问句：Should+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+ should.否定回答：No,主语+ shouldn't. 例:—Should I water the flowers?我应该浇花吗？ —Yes, you should./ No, you shouldn't.是的，你应该。/不，你不应该。 注意：一般情况下，在陈述句改为否定句或一般疑问句时, some改为any; and改为or; too(也)改为either. 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他？ 答语：主语+ should+动词原形+其他。 例:—What should I do?我应该做什么? —You should have a rest.你应该休息。 提分练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.—What should the man ________(do)? —He should ________(have) some water. 2. The boy ________(should) eat or drink after meals. He is too fat. 3. ________(should) her sister ________(brush) her teeth? 4. We shouldn't have ________(some) sweets if we have a toothache. 5. They ________(should) shout in class. 提分练 二、单项选择。 ( )1. The boy shouldn't ________ in the library. A. shouts B. shout C. shouting ( )2. You're tired. You ________ have a rest. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( )3. We ________ give our seats to the old people when we are on a bus. A. should B. can't C. shouldn't ( )4.—My uncle has a fever. Should he________ medicine? —Yes, he should. A. taking B. take C. takes ( )5. Sam shouldn't ________ or run in the library. He shouldn't sleep ________. A. talk; too B. talking; either C. talk; either 提分练 三、按要求完成下列各题。 1. You should drink some warm water. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) —________ ________ drink ________ warm water? —No, you ________. 2. Tim should eat some sweets.(改为否定句) Tim ________ eat ________ sweets. 3. You can't take any medicine. (用should代替can't改写句子) You ________ take ________ medicine. 4. He should put on his jacket.(对画线部分提问) ________ should he ________? 5. You should go to school early.(改为同义句) You ________ go to school ________. 6. grandma, home, my,a, should, rest, have, at(.) (连词成句) ________________________________________________ [考点2] 看病就医的常用表达 【原文】—What's wrong with you? 你怎么了？ —I have a headache. I feel cold. 我头疼。我感觉冷。 一、询问病情： 询问病情的常用句型：①What's wrong with...? ②What's the matter with...? 两者为同义句，均表示“……怎么了”。with是介词，后面跟人名、名词短语或人称代词宾格。 例：—What's wrong with her? / What's the matter with her? 她怎么了？ —She has a high fever.她发高烧了。 二、描述病情： 1. 表达疾病的常用句型：①主语+ have/ has+a/ an+疾病名称。 ②主语+ have/ has got+a/ an+疾病名称。 两者为同义句，均表示“……得了某种疾病”，have got意思是“拥有；具有”。have/ has got=have/ has,在本句中意思是“患了……病”。 例：My uncle has a toothache. = My uncle has got a toothache.我叔叔牙疼。 2. 疾病类词(illness)的一般结构为 “身体部位+ache”, 表示身体某一部位疼痛， 例：toothache牙疼, headache头疼, stomachache 胃疼，earache耳朵疼, backache背疼。 三、询问感觉： 询问别人感觉如何，常用句型为“How do/ does sb. feel?”.feel在句中是感官动词，意为“感觉”。 例:—How do you feel now?你现在感觉怎么样? —I feel hot.我觉得热。 提分练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.—What's wrong with ________ (she)? —She has a ________ (head). 2.He shouldn't ________ (drink) too ________ (many) coffee. 3.—How ________ (do) the patient feel? —She ________ (feel) painful. 4.The doctor ________ (check) Ruby and ________ (give) her some medicine. 5.—Why does your younger brother ________ (have) a ________ (tooth)? —Because he ________ (not brush) his teeth. 6.Lily has a cold. Should ________ (she) ________ (see) a doctor? 提分练 二、单项选择。 ( )1.—What's wrong with your ________? —They ________. I can't walk now. A. feet; hurt B. foots; hurt C. feet; hurts ( )2.—What's wrong with ________? —He has a fever. A. his B. he C. Lu Tao ( )3.—I feel ________. —Here is a cup of tea for you. A. hungry B. thirsty C. full ( )4.—________your brother feel? —He feels well. A. What does B. How do C. How does 提分练 三、选择合适的句子补全对话。(有两项多余) Billy: Hello, Mike! What's the time? Mike: 1. ________ A. Why can't he play football with us? B. I'm sorry to hear that. C. Where does the doctor go? D. It's half past eight. E. What does the doctor say? F. I'm glad to hear that. G. What's wrong with his sister? Billy: Where's Bob? I can't find him.2. ________ Mike: He has to look after his sister. Billy: 3. ________ Mike: She doesn't feel well. Billy: 4. ________ Does she go to see the doctor? Mike: Yes. Billy: 5. ________ Mike: The doctor says nothing is serious(严重的). She should have a rest. 提分练 四、按要求完成句子。 1.I feel hungry.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ feel? 2.She feels cold.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ she ________? 3.Bobby has a cough.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ with Bobby? 4.What’s wrong with you?(同义句转换) What’s ________ ________ with you? [考点3] 易错易混辨析 ①易混淆too many与too much的用法 【例题】一、单项选择。 ( )Don't eat ________ sweets, Tim. ________sweet food is bad for your teeth. A.too many;Too many B.too much;Too much C.too many; Too much 点拨: too many和too much都可以译为“太多”，两者的区别在于，too many后接可数名词复数，而too much后接不可数名词。本题第一个设空处后为可数名词复数sweets，所以第一个设空处填too many；第二个设空处后为由形容词sweet修饰的不可数名词food，所以第二个设空处填too much。 ②易混淆point at与point to的用法 【例题】二、从方框中选择合适的短语，并用其适当的形式填空。 point at point to (1) The policemen ________ the building over there, "Look! That's our office.” (2) The teacher ________ the blackboard and reads the words. 点拨: point at和point to都有“指”的意思，两者的区别在于，point at意为“指着，指向”，习惯上表示指向离说话者较近的事物，强调“指”的对象；point to意为“指出”，多用来表示指向离说话者较远的事物，强调“指”的方向。题(1)，主语为第三人称复数The policemen，且主语指向的是远处的那栋建筑，故填point to。题(2)，“指着”黑板用point at，且主语为第三人称单数The teacher，故填points at。 参考答案 [考点1] 情态动词should的用法 一、1.do,have 2.shouldn't 3.Should,brush 4.any 5.shouldn't 二、1. B 解析：shouldn't后接动词原形，故选B. 2. A解析：根据“You're tired.”推知，应该休息，所以用“should”, 故选A. 3. A解析：在公交车上应该给老人让座，故选A. 4. B 解析：should后接动词原形，故选B. 5. C 解析：shouldn't后接动词原形，一空为talk；两个句子都是否定句，表示“也”要用either, 故选C. 三、1. Should I; any; shouldn't 2. shouldn't; any 3. should; some 4. What; do 5. shouldn't; late 6. My grandma should have a rest at home. [考点2] 看病就医的常用表达 一、1.her, headache 2.drink, many 3.does, feels 4.checks, gives 5.have, teeth, doesn’t brush 6.she, see 二、1. A 解析：根据答语中的They可知一空为复数，故一空为feet；二空动词用原形，故选A. 2. C 解析：with是介词，其后接人称代词的宾格形式或人名，故选C. 3. B 解析：根据“Here is a cup of tea for you.”可推断是口渴，故选B. 4. C 解析：询问感觉要用特殊疑问词How；主语your brother是第三人称单数，助动词要用does, 故选C. 三、1. D 2. A 3. G 4. B 5. E 四、1.How do you 2.How does, feel 3.What’s wrong 4.the matter [考点3] 易错易混辨析 一、C 二、1.point to 2.points at 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$