热点话题10：Cyber Security 网络安全-2025年高考英语同源时事阅读之语法填空

热点话题10：Cyber Security in the Digital Age 数字时代网络安全 网络安全，作为数字时代的基石，近年来备受关注，也成为高考英语命题的热点话题。全球网络安全形势依然严峻，网络攻击、数据泄露等事件频发。据世界经济论坛(WEF)发布的《2024年全球风险报告》显示，网络安全风险已成为全球面临的五大风险之一，预计到2025年，全球因网络犯罪造成的损失将高达10.5万亿美元。中国作为全球最大的互联网市场，近年来在网络安全领域取得了显著成就。2024年政府工作报告明确提出，要“加强网络安全保障体系和能力建设”，并制定了到2025年网络安全产业规模超过2500亿元的目标。 然而，网络安全威胁依然存在，例如网络欺诈、网络霸凌、个人隐私泄露等。因此，我们每个人都应提高网络安全意识，做好合理利用网络的措施。例如，不轻信网络信息、不随意泄露个人信息、不参与网络暴力等。 高考英语备考建议：1. 词汇积累：掌握与网络安全相关的词汇，如 cyber security, cyber attack, data breach, online fraud, cyberbullying等。2. 阅读理解：关注与网络安全相关的新闻报道、科普文章等，提升阅读理解能力。3. 写作练习：尝试撰写与网络安全相关的议论文、倡议书等，提升写作表达能力。 相信在科技进步和全球共同努力下，网络安全必将迎来更加美好的未来，为构建安全可信的数字世界，实现人类社会的可持续发展做出更大贡献。让我们携起手来，共同关注网络安全，提高网络安全意识，做好合理利用网络的措施，为构建安全可信的数字世界贡献力量！ (每篇文章用时8分钟) 热点话题10 Part I Cyber Security in the Digital Age 数字时代网络安全 相关话题（原创题） Passage A In the 21st century, the rapid advancement of technology has transformed the way we live, work and communicate. 1 , this digital revolution has also introduced significant risks, making cyber security one of the most pressing 2 (issue) of our time. From personal data breaches (泄露) to large-scale attacks 3 critical infrastructure, the consequences of inadequate cyber security can be catastrophic. Cyber security is the practice of 4 (protect) systems, networks and data from digital attacks. These attacks are often carefully arranged by cyber criminals, hacktivists, or even nation-states with the purpose 5 (steal) sensitive information, interrupt operations or cause harm. Cyber security includes 6 wide range of strategies, technologies, and practices 7 (design) to safeguard digital assets and ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. The importance of cyber security cannot be overstated. In an era 8 data is often referred to as the “new oil,” protecting it 9 (become) a top priority. A single breach can result in financial losses, reputational damage and legal consequences. For governments, cyber attacks can threaten 10 (nation) security, while for individuals, they can lead to identity theft and financial ruin. 【答案与解析】1. However 2. issues 3. on 4. protecting 5. to steal 6. a 7. designed 8. when 9. has become 10. national 1. However 考查副词。句意：然而，这场数字革命带来了显著的风险，使网络安全成为我们这个时代最紧迫的问题之一。根据句子结构和句意来判断，这里和前一句对比，表示转折。另外，此空用在句首，要注意用大写字母。故填However。 2. issues 考查名词复数。句意同上。one of 后面常接名词复数形式。故填issues。 3. on 考查介词。句意：从个人数据泄露到对关键基础设施的大规模攻击，不足的网络安全可能导致灾难性的后果。attack做名词时，后常接介词on，表示“对......攻击、袭击”。故填on。 4. protecting 考查动名词。句意：网络安全是指保护系统、网络和数据免受数字攻击的实践。此空用在介词of之后，提示词为动词，应该用动名词形式。故填protecting。 5. to steal 考查动词不定式。句意：这些攻击通常由网络犯罪分子、黑客活动家，甚至国家精心策划，目的是取敏感信息、中断运营或造成伤害。根据句子结构和句意来判断，这里用“with + 复合宾语(to do)”结构做状语，不定式与其前的名词是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示未发生的动作。故填to steal。 6. a 考查不定冠词。句意：网络安全包括一系列旨在保护数字资产并确保数据的机密性、完整性和可用性的策略、技术和实践。a wide range of是一个固定词组，意为“一系列”。故填a。 7. designed 考查过去分词。句意同上。此空用过去分词，表示动词与其前的名词strategies, technologies, and practices是逻辑上的动宾关系，或称被动关系，是相当于一个定语从句which / that are designed ......。故填designed。 8. when 考查定语从句。句意：在一个数据常被称为“新石油”的时代，保护数据已成为首要任务。此空前的先行词是era，表示时间，应该用表示时间的连接副词。故填when。 9. has become 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意同上。in an era是一个表示时间段的时间状语，与现在完成时连用。故填has become。 10. national 考查形容词。句意：对于政府来说，网络攻击可能威胁国家安全，而对于个人来说，它们可能导致身份盗窃和财务毁灭。此空在名词security之前，应该用形容词形式。故填national。 Passage B Cyber threats are constantly developing, becoming more complicated and harder to detect. Below 1 some of the most widespread 2 (type) of cyber attacks: Malware, Phishing attacks and Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks. Not all cyber threats come from external actors. Insider threats involve employees, contractors (合约者) 3 business partners who intentionally or unintentionally compromise security. This could include 4 (leak) sensitive data or falling victim to social engineering attacks. APTs are prolonged and targeted cyber attacks, often 5 (carry) out by nation-states or highly organized groups. These attacks involve secret infiltration (渗透) and long-term access 6 a network, allowing attackers 7 (steal) data or monitor activities over time. Cyber security is a shared responsibility 8 requires collaboration between individuals, organizations, and governments. Cyber security is no longer just 9 IT issue; it is a fundamental aspect of modern life. By understanding the risks, adopting best practices, and fostering a culture of security, we can build a 10 (safe) digital world. As technology continues to advance in the digital age, cyber security is not just a responsibility—it is a necessity. 【答案与解析】1. are 2. types 3. or 4. leaking 5. carried 6. to 7. to steal 8. that / which 9. an 10. safer 1. are 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：以下是一些最普遍的网络攻击类型：恶意软件、网络钓鱼、拒绝服务 (DoS) 和分布式拒绝服务 (DDoS) 攻击。此句是一个倒装句，主语是后面的some of the most widespread types of cyber attacks，为复数。另外根据上下文时态来判断，应该用一般现在时。故填are。 2. types 考查名词复数。句意同上。some of 后面经常接可数名词复数形式。故填types。 3. or 考查并列连词。句意：内部威胁涉及员工、商或商业伙伴，他们有意或无意地破坏安全。根据句子结构和句意来判断，这里应该用并列连词，表示“或者”。故填or。 4. leaking 考查现在分词做定语。句意：这可能包括泄露敏感数据或成为社会工程攻击的受害者。此空用现在分词leaking，和其后的falling保持一致。故填leaking。 5. carried 考查过去分词做后置定语。句意：APT 是长期且有针对性的攻击，通常由国家或高度组织化的团体实施。此空用过去分词做后置定语，与其前的名词cyber attacks是逻辑上的动宾关系，相当于一个定语从句which are often carried。故填carried。 6. to 考查介词。句意：这些攻击涉及秘密渗透和长期访问网络，使攻击者能够窃取数据或监控活动。名词access后经常接介词to引起的介词短语，做后置定语。故填to。 7. to steal 考查动词不定式。句意同上。allow sb. to do sth. 是一个习惯用法。故填to steal。 8. that / which 考查定语从句。句意：网络安全是一项共同责任，需要个人、组织和政府之间的合作。此空前的先行词是responsibility，表示责任，应该用连接代词。故填that / which。 9. an 考查不定冠词。句意：网络安全不再仅仅是一个IT问题；它是现代生活的一个基本方面。根据空后IT issue可知，issue是可数名词，此处表示“一个问题”，另外，IT以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 10. safer 考查形容词比较级。句意：通过了解风险、采用实践并培养安全文化，我们可以建立一个更安全的数字世界。根据句子结构和句意来判断，这里指随着科技的发展，为了使网络更安全。故填safer。 Part II Cyber Security 网络安全 互联网的优劣 相关话题 Passage 1 It’s estimated that two-thirds of people online have had their personal information 1 (steal). Faced with such a range of 2 (threat), it’s easy to focus on technology investment. Firewalls, anti-virus protection and every other kind of technology can be threatened as well. That’s not to say that 3 (invest) in IT security isn’t important. But the cyber security (网络安全) threat needs individuals 4 have skills, talent and experience 5 (bad). Indeed, there will be a global shortfall of 3. 5 million cybersecurity jobs by 2021. Only with people power can we win the online security war. Here 6 (be) the main reasons and methods. First of all, it is important to improve the security 7 (aware). Security is becoming important, with organizations starting to understand the big role that individual employees must play. Secondly, pay attention 8 grassroots education. As we face a significant skill shortage in the future, 9 is of great importance that together we help create the next generation of cyber defenders now. Thirdly, encouraging skilled staff also matters. Most organizations have concerns about security skills, and two-thirds have trouble 10 (encourage) the security staff they have. 【答案】1. stolen 2. threats 3. investing/investment 4. who/that 5. badly 6. are 7. awareness 8. to 9. it 10. encouraging 【导语】本文是说明文。据估计，网上三分之二的人的个人信息被盗，因此网络安全问题也逐渐被提到了日程上，提高公众安全意识，培养专门的人才才是解决途径。 1. 考查过去分词。句意：据估计，网上三分之二的人的个人信息被盗。had sth done表示“使某物被做”，此处动词应用过去分词形式，故填stolen。 2. 考查名词复数。句意：面对这样一系列的威胁，我们很容易将注意力集中在技术投资上。a range of表示“一系列”，后面需要加名词复数形式，此处threat应用复数，故填threats。 3. 考查名词和动名词。句意：这并不是说投资IT安全不重要。分析句子结构，that引导的从句缺少主语，空处应用名词或者动名词作主语，故填investing或investment。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：但网络安全威胁非常需要有技能、才能和经验的个人。本句是定语从句，从句修饰先行词individuals，先行词是人，且在从句中作主语，关系词可用who或that，故填who或that。 5. 考查副词。句意：但网络安全威胁非常需要有技能、才能和经验的个人。此处需要用副词，badly表示“非常”，修饰前文的have，故填badly。 6. 考查主谓一致。句意：以下是主要原因和方法。本句是here be句型，be动词的单复数取决于后面的名词，最近的名词 the main reasons 是复数，所以be动词用复数形式，故填are。 7. 考查名词。句意：首先，要提高安全意识。security awareness表示“安全意识”，awareness是不可数名词，故填awareness。 8. 考查介词。句意：第二，重视基层教育。pay attention to表示“重视”，是固定短语，故填to。 9. 考查代词。句意：现在我们一起帮助创建下一代网络防御者是非常重要的。分析句子结构，根据结构it is...that+主语从句，可知，that引导主语从句，可用it作形式主语，代替从句，故填it。 10. 考查动名词。句意：大多数组织都关心安全技能，三分之二的组织难以鼓励他们拥有的安全人员。have trouble doing sth表示“做某事有困难”，encourage应用动名词形式，故填encouraging。 Passage 2 One of the purposes of children’s slang (俚语) 1 (be) to stop adults from being able to understand what they’re saying. Obviously, the strategy works. Recent research shows that 2 majority of adults can’t translate the meaning of common slang. In a survey of 4,5000 people last month, 3 was found that 85 percent of adults didn’t understand the translations of emoji (表情符号) and text. The researchers warned that a lack of 4 (aware) of what children are communicating online can leave them unprotected, with phrases that express eating disorders and unhappiness not 5 (understand). For young people growing up with technology, this new language comes 6 (natural), but it’s leaving some adults unsure about 7 is being said by their children online. It’s important for adults to speak to young people about how they use social media and chat online. Caroline Bunting, general manager at Internet matters, said “While it is unrealistic to expect parents 8 (know) every piece of Internet slang their children will ever see, online safety starts 9 a conversation. It’s vital for parents to talk to their kids about their digital worlds, including all 10 (sort) of things they might experience online and the types of problems to be aware of.” 【答案】1. is 2. the/a 3. it 4. awareness 5. understood 6. naturally 7. what 8. to know 9. with 10. sorts 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是儿童俚语。儿童俚语的目的之一是阻止成年人理解他们的意思。最近的研究表明，大多数成年人都无法理解普通俚语的含义。对于父母来说，和他们的孩子谈论他们的数字世界是至关重要的，包括他们可能在网上体验到的各种各样的事情，以及需要注意的问题类型。 1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：儿童俚语的目的之一是阻止成年人理解他们的意思。结合句意句子用一般现在时态，再根据句子主语one，可知谓语动词用单数is。故填is。 2. 考查冠词。句意：最近的研究表明，大多数成年人都无法理解普通俚语的含义。大多数用the majority of 或a majority of表示，故填the或a。 3. 考查it的用法。句意：在上个月对45000人进行的一项调查中，有85%的成年人不理解表情符号和文本的翻译。此处it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。故填it。 4. 考查名词。句意：研究人员警告说，缺乏对孩子在网上交流的意识，可能会让他们不受保护，而这些短语表达了饮食失调和不被理解的不快。a lack of+名词（短缺……），故填awareness. 5. 考查过去分词。句意：研究人员警告说，缺乏对孩子在网上交流的意识，可能会让他们不受保护，而这些短语表达了饮食失调和不被理解的不快。此处是过去分词做后置定语，修饰名词unhappiness，故填understood。 6. 考查副词。句意：对于那些在技术上成长的年轻人来说，这种新语言是自然产生的，但这让一些成年人不确定自己的孩子在网上说了什么。副词修饰动词，故填naturally。 7. 考查宾语从句。句意：对于那些在技术上成长的年轻人来说，这种新语言是自然产生的，但这让一些成年人不确定自己的孩子在网上说了什么。介词about后面是宾语从句，从句缺少主语和引导词，所填词需要起双重作用，故填what。 8. 考查固定结构。句意：虽然指望父母们知道他们的孩子将会看到的每一个网络俚语都是不现实的，但在线安全从对话开始。expect sb. to do sth.是固定短语，表示“期盼某人做某事”，故填to know。 9. 考查介词。句意：虽然指望父母们知道他们的孩子将会看到的每一个网络俚语都是不现实的，但在线安全从对话开始。start with表示“从……开始”，故填with。 10. 考查名词单复数。句意：父母与孩子谈论他们的数字世界是至关重要的，包括他们在网上可能经历的所有事情，以及需要注意的各种问题。all sorts of表示“各种各样的”，all后用名词复数，故填sorts。 Passage 3 For Lily, 1 is really convenient to chat and stream videos online. Meanwhile, she can keep herself 2 (update) with information from large databases and she often downloads software that is stored in a special computer file. However, at one time, her father warned her 3 (protect) her privacy in case of identity theft. He told her not to be rude when she chatted with others, or she may become a target for trolls and cyberbullies or be stuck in some unnecessary problems. He reminded Lily to keep in mind some tips and 4 (guideline) about online safety so as not 5 (cheat) by false information. Lily was upset and left her home for another province. Without Lily   6 (keep) him company, her father went through a particularly tough time. He couldn’t keep track   7 Lily because of the 8 (distant). When told he could have access to social networks by pressing a few buttons or clicking the mouse, he was inspired. How 9 (embarrass) it was when he was made fun of for not having an account! It wasn’t long 10 he was familiar with the functions of Wi-Fi and search engine and able to surf the Internet. Now he is a blogger who updates blog posts every few days. A number of local residents follow his example. He enjoys the benefits of the Internet. 【答案】1. it 2. updated 3. to protect 4. guidelines 5. to be cheated 6. keeping 7. of 8. distance 9. embarrassing 10. before 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是莉莉如何利用互联网的便利，以及她的父亲学习使用网络的过程和最终享受到的互联网的好处。 1. 考查形式主语。句意：对于莉莉来说，在线聊天和观看视频真的非常方便。此处为 “It+be+adj+(for sb.)+to do sth.”结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以此处使用代词it。故填it。 2. 考查过去分词。句意：同时，她可以保持自己从大型数据库获取的信息更新，并且经常下载存储在特殊计算机文件中的软件。此处为非谓语动词作宾补，update与宾语herself之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词updated。故填updated。 3. 考查动词不定式。句意：然而，有一次，她的父亲警告她保护自己的隐私以防身份盗窃。此处为“warn sb. to do sth.”意为“警告某人做某事，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作宾补。故填to protect。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：他提醒莉莉记住一些关于在线安全的提示和指南，以免被虚假信息欺骗。此处为名词作宾语，guideline意为“指南”为可数名词单数，空前有some修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填guidelines。 5. 考查动词不定式。句意：他提醒莉莉记住一些关于在线安全的提示和指南，以免被虚假信息欺骗。此处为so as to do sth.意为“为了……”作目的状语，cheat与逻辑主语Lily之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动词不定式的被动形式to be cheated。故填to be cheated。 6. 考查动名词。句意：没有莉莉陪伴他，她的父亲经历了一段特别艰难的时光。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，空前为介词without，所以此处使用动名词形式作宾语，Lily为动名词keeping的逻辑主语。故填keeping。 7. 考查介词。句意：由于距离的原因，他无法关注莉莉的情况。此处为固定搭配keep track of，表示“跟踪或关注某人或某事”符合句意，所以此处使用介词of。故填of。 8. 考查名词。句意：由于距离的原因，他无法关注莉莉的情况。此处为名词作宾语，distant的名词形式distance，意为“距离”。故填distance。 9. 考查形容词。句意：当他因为没有账户而被人取笑时，这是多么令人尴尬啊！此处为形容词作表语，embarrass的形容词embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”符合句意。故填embarrassing。 10. 考查状语从句。句意：不久之后，他就熟悉了Wi-Fi和搜索引擎的功能，并能够上网。此处为固定句型“It wasn’t long before...”，表示“没过多久就发生了某事”符合句意，所以此处使用连词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 Passage 4 Shared bike companies discourage the use of removable child seats on their bikes and warn that users must take full responsibility for any accidents 1 (involve) a child seat. The child seats, which can be attached 2 different brands of shared bikes, popped up in online marketplaces with advertisements claiming the products are safe, 3 (reliance) and easily attached and removed from the bikes. But several bike-sharing companies including Ofo, Mobike and Mingbikes released statements saying their user agreements 4 (express) forbid carrying extra passengers on the bikes because of safety risks, and warning that they assume no legal responsibility if a violation leads to 5 accident. Ofo said its on-street personnel, 6 mostly shift bikes between locations depending on demand, will attempt to persuade bike users to remove child seats if they spot them. If 7 (persuasive) fails, employees are instructed to contact the police, it said. A Mobike employee in the public relations department who asked not 8 (name) said the company has been contacting online shopping websites that sell the detachable child seats, including Taobao, and asking them to remove the product because of safety concerns. “We 9 (negotiate) with Taobao and other shopping websites to remove the child seats from the 10 (shelf), but the initiative is in the hands of the websites,” the employee said. Taobao said negotiations with Mobike are ongoing. 【答案】1. involving 2. to 3. reliable 4. expressly 5. an 6. who 7. persuasion 8. to be named 9. have been negotiating 10. shelves 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。网上正在热销可以安装到不同共享单车上的儿童座椅，但共享单车公司不鼓励在自行车上使用可拆卸的儿童座椅，并警告用户必须对涉及儿童座椅的任何事故承担全部责任。共享单车公司也一直和各种网上商城进行协商，希望它们可以让这种儿童座椅下架。 1. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语accidents和involve之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填involving。 2. 考查介词。此处考查短语be attached to“与…….相连”，故填to。 3. 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作为are的表语，故填reliable。 4. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词forbid，expressly forbid“明确禁止”，故填expressly。 5. 考查冠词。结合上下文可知，此处意为“如果一次违法导致了一场事故”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，又accident是元音音素开头，故填an。 6. 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句关系词，先行词personnel在从句中充当主语，应用指代人的关系代词，故填who。 7. 考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应填名词作为句子主语，又fails判断主语是单数，故填persuasion。 8. 考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定短语ask to do sth.“要求做某事”，其中不定式作为ask的宾语，又逻辑主语who和name之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动形式to be done，故填to be named。 9. 考查时态。此处是句子谓语动词，结合上下文可知，此处意为“我们一直在和淘宝以及其它的网上商城进行协商”，表动作从过去持续到现在，还有可能会持续到将来，应用现在完成进行时，主语是复数，故填have been negotiating。 10. 考查名词的数。此处应填名词作为介词from的宾语，又结合上下文可知，网上的货架不止一个，故应用复数形式，故填shelves。 Passage 5 With the Internet entering our daily life more and more, online shopping is commonly used throughout the world nowadays. Internet shopping 1 (offer) a number of benefits to the shoppers especially over the past decade. 2 most important of all is convenience. You can shop 3 you like as the online shops are open 24 hours a day and you do not have to queue with other 4 (shop). Secondly, it is easy to find what you are looking 5 online. However, every coin has two sides, 6 does Internet shopping. The main disadvantage of Internet shopping is 7 you cannot actually see the 8 (produce) you are buying or check their quality. Some people are also worried about paying for goods 9 (use) credit cards or the mobile pay. As far as I am concerned, Internet shopping has advantages 10 disadvantages. It is very convenient and user-friendly and online shopping is much cheaper and more secured than before. 【答案】1. has offered 2. The 3. when/whenever 4. shoppers 5. for 6. so 7. that 8. products 9. using 10. over 【导语】这是一篇议论文。随着互联网越来越多地进入我们的日常生活，网上购物在世界各地被普遍使用。文章讨论了网上购物的优点和缺点。 1. 考查动词时态。根据后文over the past decade可知应用现在完成时，主语为Internet shopping，助动词用has。故填has offered。 2. 考查冠词。根据后文most important可知为形容词最高级，前面需要冠词the。句首字母要大写。故填The。 3. 考查连接词。句意：当你想购物时/你可以随时购物，因为网上商店24小时营业，你不必和其他购物者排队。此处为时间状语从句，可表示“当你想购物时”可用when引导；也可表示“你可以随时购物”可用whenever引导。故填when/whenever。 4. 考查名词的数。shopper为可数名词，由other修饰可知应用复数形式。故填shoppers。 5. 考查介词。根据短语look for表示“寻找”符合句意。故填for。 6. 考查部分倒装。句意：然而，任何事物都有两面性，网上购物也是如此。此处为“so+助动词/be动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”结构，表示“……也一样”为部分倒装句。故填so。 7. 考查连接词。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。 8. 考查名词的数。根据上文the可知应填名词product，表示“产品”，根据后文their quality可知应用名词复数形式。故填products。 9. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知use在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填using。 10. 考查介词。句意：在我看来，网上购物利大于弊。 has advantages over“比......有优势”，此处表示“优先于”应用介词over。故填over。 Passage 6 Mobile Payments in China A foreigner scans the QR code to pay for snacks at a shop in Hangzhou on April 14, 2017. All vendors (小贩) support mobile payments, and consumers can scan QR codes to pay through WeChat Wallet or Alipay. Using mobile payments is not forced by the market regulator, but done 1 (voluntary). “All use, and if you do not, it means a 2 (lose).” A vendor said. The popularity of mobile payments in China also shocked neighboring nation Japan, when an online post stated a beggar even had to use the mobile payment QR code in China. It 3 (grow) into a lifestyle choice of Chinese following the rapid development of mobile payment services 4 (lead) by third-party payment companies so far. Mobile payments have not only become popular in large cities and urban areas, but also in the country’s county towns and rural areas. “It is troublesome to get lots of coins while buying vegetables, which are uneasy 5 (carry),” said a user. “The services, either WeChat Wallet or Alipay, will record the trades, 6 helps to know where money has gone.” According to iResearch, the market of mobile payments reached $ 5.5 trillion in 2016, about 50 times the US market. Li Yi, a researcher, said 7 rapid development was due to the weak sense of service in Chinese banks. “Globally, in places where traditional financial systems are weak, mobile payments are 8 (develop) than those with strong ones,” he said. 9 , the popularity of digital payments has a potential risk in data privacy and financial security. To struggle 10 this, the Chinese government has issued regulations. 【答案】1. voluntarily 2. loss 3. has grown 4. led 5. to carry 6. which 7. the 8. more developed 9. However 10. against 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。移动支付使在中国的外国人可以扫描二维码支付小吃。移动支付不仅在大城市受欢迎、在小镇上或偏远地区使用也很频繁。然而数字支付的流行也存在着数据泄密和对金融安全造成威胁。政府发布规章来对抗泄密的可能。 1. 考查副词。句意：使用移动支付不是市场监管机构强迫的，而是自愿的。此处修饰动词done，应用副词。故填voluntarily。 2. 考查名词。句意：大家都用移动支付，如果你不这样做，那就意味着损失。不定冠词后接可数名词单数形式。故填loss。 3. 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，随着第三方支付公司引领的移动支付服务的快速发展，它已经成为中国人的一种生活方式选择。根据so far可知，此处使用现在完成时。故填has grown。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，随着第三方支付公司引领的移动支付服务的快速发展，它已经成为中国人的一种生活方式选择。此处与mobile payment services是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作定语，表被动。故填led。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“买菜的时候买拿很多硬币很麻烦，而且也不便于携带，”一名用户表示。根据句意及常识可知，零钱带着比较麻烦，形容词后面用动词不定式，作主语补足语。故填to carry。 6. 考查关系代词。句意：微信钱包或支付宝等服务将记录交易，这有助于了解资金的去向。此处是非限定性定语从句，trade是先行词，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7. 考查冠词。句意：研究员李毅表示，快速发展的原因是中国银行的服务意识较弱。此处表示特指，特指移动支付的快速发展，应用定冠词。故填the。 8. 考查形容词比较级。句意：“从全球来看，在传统金融体系薄弱的地区，移动支付比那些拥有强大金融体系的地区更为发达，”他表示。be动词后用形容词developed“发达的”，根据than可知，应用比较级。故填more developed。 9. 考查副词。句意：然而，数字支付的普及在数据隐私和金融安全方面存在潜在风险。上面都在讲述移动支付的优点，此处提到风险，因此是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，应用转折副词however。故填However。 10. 考查介词。句意：为了对抗泄密的可能，中国政府颁布了相关规定。固定短语 struggle against“对抗”。故填against。 Passage 7 “China is a huge sandbox, and you can experiment with new technologies,” said Jo Purdy, an Australian, Founder and Head of Content at Digital Disconnect, during an interview 1 Chongqing on September 30. Purdy has been engaged in blockchain and finance in China for around eight years. He thinks that China is more willing 2 (experiment) with new technologies. Purdy said China is leading the world in central bank digital currency (货币) (CBDC), also 3 (call) e-CNY or digital yuan. It 4 (offer) both convenience, security, and the old banking system’s regulated, reserved-backed money circulation. At the beginning of this year, the People’s Bank of China 5 (announce) that 11 cities, including Chongqing, have been approved for the third batch (批) of pilot areas for digital yuan. A group of foreign people in Chongqing from Singapore, Malaysia, and other 6 (country) were also invited to open the digital renminbi wallets under the China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity (CI) recently. “The digital RMB is a world-class technology, and it will be 7 huge part of Chinese financial policy forward,” said Purdy. Over the past several years, China has been 8 (steady) making progress toward digital RMB, 9 has been applied to online shopping platforms and 10 (tradition) supermarkets, benefiting individuals and society. 【答案】1. in 2. to experiment 3. called 4. offers 5. announced 6. countries 7. a 8. steadily 9. which 10. traditional 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是中国更愿意尝试新技术，比如数字货币等。 1. 考查介词。句意：“中国是一个巨大的沙盒，你可以尝试新技术，”澳大利亚人、Digital Disconnect创始人兼内容主管 Jo Purdy 9月30日在重庆接受采访时说。根据空后的地址Chongqing可知，此处指的是在重庆接受采访，在某个城市用介词in。故填in。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他认为中国更愿意尝试新技术。be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”是固定短语。故填to experiment。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Purdy表示，中国在央行数字货币(CBDC)方面处于世界领先地位，也称为e-CNY或数字人民币。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“central bank digital currency”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填called。 4. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它既提供了便利、安全，又保留了旧银行体系中受监管的、有准备金支持的货币流通。根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为it，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填offers。 5. 考查时态。句意：今年年初，中国人民银行宣布，包括重庆在内的11个城市已被批准为第三批数字人民币试点地区。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“at the beginning of this year”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填announced。 6. 考查名词的数。句意：近日，在中新(重庆)战略互联互通示范倡议下，来自新加坡、马来西亚和其他国家的一群外国人也受邀在重庆开通数字人民币钱包。根据空前的other以及空后本句的谓语动词“were”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填countries。 7. 考查冠词。句意：Purdy说：“数字人民币是一项世界级的技术，它将成为中国未来金融政策的重要组成部分。”修饰可数名词part，表示泛指，用不定冠词，且huge的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 8. 考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里，中国在数字人民币方面稳步取得进展，数字人民币已经应用于网络购物平台和传统超市，使个人和社会受益。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词，修饰动词短语make progress toward digital RMB。故填steadily。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：在过去的几年里，中国在数字人民币方面稳步取得进展，数字人民币已经应用于网络购物平台和传统超市，使个人和社会受益。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“digital RMB”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10. 考查形容词。句意：在过去的几年里，中国在数字人民币方面稳步取得进展，数字人民币已经应用于网络购物平台和传统超市，使个人和社会受益。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的名词supermarkets。故填traditional。 Passage 8 China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite to test 6G architecture, 1   (mark) a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology. The low-earth orbit test satellite is the world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 2   (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology. The 6G test satellite 3   (host) a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, which was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions 4   automated management, enhancing the efficiency and 5   (reliable) of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said. Set at an orbit height of approximately 500 kilometers, these experimental satellites offer advantages such as low latency and high data transfer rates 6 (compare) with high-orbit satellites 7   travel at 36,000 kilometers. Positioned as 8 crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in terrestrial mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 9 (systematic), according to China Mobile. China Mobile said 10 plans to conduct in-orbit experiments based on these test satellites, accelerating the integration and development of space-to-ground technology industries. 【答案】1. marking 2. was launched 3. hosts 4. and 5. reliability 6. compared 7. which/that 8. a 9. systematically 10. it 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国移动成功发射了世界首颗6G测试卫星，采用分布式自主架构，支持在轨软件重构和灵活部署，提供低延迟和高数据传输速率。这颗卫星位于低地球轨道，可弥补信号覆盖空白，为未来集成空地网络提供关键平台。计划基于这些测试卫星进行在轨实验，推动空地技术产业发展。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国移动，全球最大的移动通信运营商，成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星，标志着其探索集成空间和地面通信技术的努力取得了重要进展。分析句子，句中has launched为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处“成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星”该事件与mark之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填marking。 2. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星，它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中on Saturday表示动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。同时it指代前文的The low-earth orbit test satellite，其与launch之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。 3. 考查动词时态。句意：6G测试卫星承载了一个分布式的6G自主架构，由中国移动和中国科学院微卫星创新研究院共同开发。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，主语是单数，应用第三人称单数形式。故填hosts。 4. 考查连词。句意：中国移动表示，该系统采用国产软硬件，支持在轨软件重构、核心网功能灵活部署和自动化管理，提高了卫星核心网在轨运行的效率和可靠性。分析句子，此处in-orbit software reconstruction与 flexible deployment of core network functions与后文的automated management构成并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 5. 考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用reliable的名词reliability作宾语，意为“可靠性”，不可数。故填reliability。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里，与运行在36000公里的高轨道卫星相比，它们具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。分析句子，句中offer为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。同时，these experimental satellites与compare之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。故填compared。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词high-orbit satellites ，为物，故使用that或者which。故填that或which。 8. 考查冠词。句意：中国移动表示，作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台，低地球轨道卫星可以解决地面移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口，系统地提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。分析句子，句中platform为可数名词，此处表示泛指，故设空处使用不定冠词。同时其修饰词crucial首字母为辅音音素，应用a。故填a。 9. 考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用systematic的副词systematically作状语，修饰动词，意为“系统地”。故填systematically。 10. 考查代词。句意：中国移动表示，计划在这些测试卫星的基础上进行在轨实验，加快空间对地面技术产业的融合和发展。分析句子，句中缺少主语，故使用代词，此处指代China Mobile。故填it。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题10：Cyber Security in the Digital Age 数字时代网络安全 网络安全，作为数字时代的基石，近年来备受关注，也成为高考英语命题的热点话题。全球网络安全形势依然严峻，网络攻击、数据泄露等事件频发。据世界经济论坛（WEF）发布的《2024年全球风险报告》显示，网络安全风险已成为全球面临的五大风险之一，预计到2025年，全球因网络犯罪造成的损失将高达10.5万亿美元。中国作为全球最大的互联网市场，近年来在网络安全领域取得了显著成就。2024年政府工作报告明确提出，要“加强网络安全保障体系和能力建设”，并制定了到2025年网络安全产业规模超过2500亿元的目标。 然而，网络安全威胁依然存在，例如网络欺诈、网络霸凌、个人隐私泄露等。因此，我们每个人都应提高网络安全意识，做好合理利用网络的措施。例如，不轻信网络信息、不随意泄露个人信息、不参与网络暴力等。 高考英语备考建议：1. 词汇积累：掌握与网络安全相关的词汇，如 cyber security, cyber attack, data breach, online fraud, cyberbullying等。2. 阅读理解：关注与网络安全相关的新闻报道、科普文章等，提升阅读理解能力。3. 写作练习：尝试撰写与网络安全相关的议论文、倡议书等，提升写作表达能力。 相信在科技进步和全球共同努力下，网络安全必将迎来更加美好的未来，为构建安全可信的数字世界，实现人类社会的可持续发展做出更大贡献。让我们携起手来，共同关注网络安全，提高网络安全意识，做好合理利用网络的措施，为构建安全可信的数字世界贡献力量！ (每篇文章用时8分钟) 热点话题10 Part I Cyber Security in the Digital Age 数字时代网络安全 相关话题（原创题） Passage A In the 21st century, the rapid advancement of technology has transformed the way we live, work and communicate. 1 , this digital revolution has also introduced significant risks, making cyber security one of the most pressing 2 (issue) of our time. From personal data breaches (泄露) to large-scale attacks 3 critical infrastructure, the consequences of inadequate cyber security can be catastrophic. Cyber security is the practice of 4 (protect) systems, networks and data from digital attacks. These attacks are often carefully arranged by cyber criminals, hacktivists, or even nation-states with the purpose 5 (steal) sensitive information, interrupt operations or cause harm. Cyber security includes 6 wide range of strategies, technologies, and practices 7 (design) to safeguard digital assets and ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. The importance of cyber security cannot be overstated. In an era 8 data is often referred to as the “new oil,” protecting it 9 (become) a top priority. A single breach can result in financial losses, reputational damage and legal consequences. For governments, cyber attacks can threaten 10 (nation) security, while for individuals, they can lead to identity theft and financial ruin. Passage B Cyber threats are constantly developing, becoming more complicated and harder to detect. Below 1 some of the most widespread 2 (type) of cyber attacks: Malware, Phishing attacks and Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks. Not all cyber threats come from external actors. Insider threats involve employees, contractors (合约者) 3 business partners who intentionally or unintentionally compromise security. This could include 4 (leak) sensitive data or falling victim to social engineering attacks. APTs are prolonged and targeted cyber attacks, often 5 (carry) out by nation-states or highly organized groups. These attacks involve secret infiltration (渗透) and long-term access 6 a network, allowing attackers 7 (steal) data or monitor activities over time. Cyber security is a shared responsibility 8 requires collaboration between individuals, organizations, and governments. Cyber security is no longer just 9 IT issue; it is a fundamental aspect of modern life. By understanding the risks, adopting best practices, and fostering a culture of security, we can build a 10 (safe) digital world. As technology continues to advance in the digital age, cyber security is not just a responsibility—it is a necessity. Part II Cyber Security 网络安全 互联网的优劣 相关话题 Passage 1 It’s estimated that two-thirds of people online have had their personal information 1 (steal). Faced with such a range of 2 (threat), it’s easy to focus on technology investment. Firewalls, anti-virus protection and every other kind of technology can be threatened as well. That’s not to say that 3 (invest) in IT security isn’t important. But the cyber security (网络安全) threat needs individuals 4 have skills, talent and experience 5 (bad). Indeed, there will be a global shortfall of 3. 5 million cybersecurity jobs by 2021. Only with people power can we win the online security war. Here 6 (be) the main reasons and methods. First of all, it is important to improve the security 7 (aware). Security is becoming important, with organizations starting to understand the big role that individual employees must play. Secondly, pay attention 8 grassroots education. As we face a significant skill shortage in the future, 9 is of great importance that together we help create the next generation of cyber defenders now. Thirdly, encouraging skilled staff also matters. Most organizations have concerns about security skills, and two-thirds have trouble 10 (encourage) the security staff they have. Passage 2 One of the purposes of children’s slang (俚语) 1 (be) to stop adults from being able to understand what they’re saying. Obviously, the strategy works. Recent research shows that 2 majority of adults can’t translate the meaning of common slang. In a survey of 4,5000 people last month, 3 was found that 85 percent of adults didn’t understand the translations of emoji (表情符号) and text. The researchers warned that a lack of 4 (aware) of what children are communicating online can leave them unprotected, with phrases that express eating disorders and unhappiness not 5 (understand). For young people growing up with technology, this new language comes 6 (natural), but it’s leaving some adults unsure about 7 is being said by their children online. It’s important for adults to speak to young people about how they use social media and chat online. Caroline Bunting, general manager at Internet matters, said “While it is unrealistic to expect parents 8 (know) every piece of Internet slang their children will ever see, online safety starts 9 a conversation. It’s vital for parents to talk to their kids about their digital worlds, including all 10 (sort) of things they might experience online and the types of problems to be aware of.” Passage 3 For Lily, 1 is really convenient to chat and stream videos online. Meanwhile, she can keep herself 2 (update) with information from large databases and she often downloads software that is stored in a special computer file. However, at one time, her father warned her 3 (protect) her privacy in case of identity theft. He told her not to be rude when she chatted with others, or she may become a target for trolls and cyberbullies or be stuck in some unnecessary problems. He reminded Lily to keep in mind some tips and 4 (guideline) about online safety so as not 5 (cheat) by false information. Lily was upset and left her home for another province. Without Lily   6 (keep) him company, her father went through a particularly tough time. He couldn’t keep track   7 Lily because of the 8 (distant). When told he could have access to social networks by pressing a few buttons or clicking the mouse, he was inspired. How 9 (embarrass) it was when he was made fun of for not having an account! It wasn’t long 10 he was familiar with the functions of Wi-Fi and search engine and able to surf the Internet. Now he is a blogger who updates blog posts every few days. A number of local residents follow his example. He enjoys the benefits of the Internet. Passage 4 Shared bike companies discourage the use of removable child seats on their bikes and warn that users must take full responsibility for any accidents 1 (involve) a child seat. The child seats, which can be attached 2 different brands of shared bikes, popped up in online marketplaces with advertisements claiming the products are safe, 3 (reliance) and easily attached and removed from the bikes. But several bike-sharing companies including Ofo, Mobike and Mingbikes released statements saying their user agreements 4 (express) forbid carrying extra passengers on the bikes because of safety risks, and warning that they assume no legal responsibility if a violation leads to 5 accident. Ofo said its on-street personnel, 6 mostly shift bikes between locations depending on demand, will attempt to persuade bike users to remove child seats if they spot them. If 7 (persuasive) fails, employees are instructed to contact the police, it said. A Mobike employee in the public relations department who asked not 8 (name) said the company has been contacting online shopping websites that sell the detachable child seats, including Taobao, and asking them to remove the product because of safety concerns. “We 9 (negotiate) with Taobao and other shopping websites to remove the child seats from the 10 (shelf), but the initiative is in the hands of the websites,” the employee said. Taobao said negotiations with Mobike are ongoing. Passage 5 With the Internet entering our daily life more and more, online shopping is commonly used throughout the world nowadays. Internet shopping 1 (offer) a number of benefits to the shoppers especially over the past decade. 2 most important of all is convenience. You can shop 3 you like as the online shops are open 24 hours a day and you do not have to queue with other 4 (shop). Secondly, it is easy to find what you are looking 5 online. However, every coin has two sides, 6 does Internet shopping. The main disadvantage of Internet shopping is 7 you cannot actually see the 8 (produce) you are buying or check their quality. Some people are also worried about paying for goods 9 (use) credit cards or the mobile pay. As far as I am concerned, Internet shopping has advantages 10 disadvantages. It is very convenient and user-friendly and online shopping is much cheaper and more secured than before. Passage 6 Mobile Payments in China A foreigner scans the QR code to pay for snacks at a shop in Hangzhou on April 14, 2017. All vendors (小贩) support mobile payments, and consumers can scan QR codes to pay through WeChat Wallet or Alipay. Using mobile payments is not forced by the market regulator, but done 1 (voluntary). “All use, and if you do not, it means a 2 (lose).” A vendor said. The popularity of mobile payments in China also shocked neighboring nation Japan, when an online post stated a beggar even had to use the mobile payment QR code in China. It 3 (grow) into a lifestyle choice of Chinese following the rapid development of mobile payment services 4 (lead) by third-party payment companies so far. Mobile payments have not only become popular in large cities and urban areas, but also in the country’s county towns and rural areas. “It is troublesome to get lots of coins while buying vegetables, which are uneasy 5 (carry),” said a user. “The services, either WeChat Wallet or Alipay, will record the trades, 6 helps to know where money has gone.” According to iResearch, the market of mobile payments reached $ 5.5 trillion in 2016, about 50 times the US market. Li Yi, a researcher, said 7 rapid development was due to the weak sense of service in Chinese banks. “Globally, in places where traditional financial systems are weak, mobile payments are 8 (develop) than those with strong ones,” he said. 9 , the popularity of digital payments has a potential risk in data privacy and financial security. To struggle 10 this, the Chinese government has issued regulations. Passage 7 “China is a huge sandbox, and you can experiment with new technologies,” said Jo Purdy, an Australian, Founder and Head of Content at Digital Disconnect, during an interview 1 Chongqing on September 30. Purdy has been engaged in blockchain and finance in China for around eight years. He thinks that China is more willing 2 (experiment) with new technologies. Purdy said China is leading the world in central bank digital currency (货币) (CBDC), also 3 (call) e-CNY or digital yuan. It 4 (offer) both convenience, security, and the old banking system’s regulated, reserved-backed money circulation. At the beginning of this year, the People’s Bank of China 5 (announce) that 11 cities, including Chongqing, have been approved for the third batch (批) of pilot areas for digital yuan. A group of foreign people in Chongqing from Singapore, Malaysia, and other 6 (country) were also invited to open the digital renminbi wallets under the China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity (CI) recently. “The digital RMB is a world-class technology, and it will be 7 huge part of Chinese financial policy forward,” said Purdy. Over the past several years, China has been 8 (steady) making progress toward digital RMB, 9 has been applied to online shopping platforms and 10 (tradition) supermarkets, benefiting individuals and society. Passage 8 China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite to test 6G architecture, 1   (mark) a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology. The low-earth orbit test satellite is the world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 2   (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology. The 6G test satellite 3   (host) a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, which was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions 4   automated management, enhancing the efficiency and 5   (reliable) of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said. Set at an orbit height of approximately 500 kilometers, these experimental satellites offer advantages such as low latency and high data transfer rates 6 (compare) with high-orbit satellites 7   travel at 36,000 kilometers. Positioned as 8 crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in terrestrial mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 9 (systematic), according to China Mobile. China Mobile said 10 plans to conduct in-orbit experiments based on these test satellites, accelerating the integration and development of space-to-ground technology industries. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$