专题03 形容词和副词（课件）-【上好课】2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

专 题 03 形容词和副词 二轮复习讲练测 英 语 1 01 考情透视·目标导航 02 知识导图·思维引航 03 04 题型特训·命题预测 目录 CONTENTS 核心精讲·题型突破 2 01 考情透视·目标导航 考情分析 考点分布 近三年的中考英语中，形容词和副词的考点主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 形容词的比较等级：包括原级、比较级和最高级的形式及其在不同语境中的应用。2. 副词的用法：侧重于副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的能力，以及表示时间、地点、方式、程度等概念。3. 形容词短语搭配：考查形容词与介词、名词等搭配形成的短语意义及用法。 题型分布 在单项选择、完形填空、综合填空等题型中均有出现，其中完形填空和综合填空对形容词和副词的考查尤为突出，要求考生能够准确理解语境，选择合适的形容词或副词填空。 考法与比重 1. 直接考查：通过给出形容词或副词的原级、比较级、最高级形式，要求考生根据语境选择正确的形式。这类题目在单项选择中较为常见。2. 语境化考查：将形容词和副词置于具体的语境中，要求考生根据上下文理解并选择合适的词汇。这类题目在完形填空和综合填空中占据较大比重。3. 综合考查：结合形容词和副词的用法，考查考生在句子中综合运用这些词汇的能力。这类题目通常出现在综合填空或写作中。从比重上看，形容词和副词在中考英语中的考查占据了一定比例，且随着年级的升高，考查的难度和深度也逐渐增加。 命题规律 语境化 近年来的中考英语试题越来越注重语境化考查，将形容词和副词置于具体的语境中，要求考生根据上下文理解并选择合适的词汇。 综合化 试题往往将形容词和副词的考查与其他语法点相结合，如时态、语态、从句等，形成综合考查。 高频化 一些常见的形容词和副词在中考英语中的出现频率较高，如“good/well”、“bad/ill”、“beautiful”、“fast”等。 生活化 试题中的语境往往贴近学生的生活实际，如学校生活、家庭生活、社交活动等，使考生能够在熟悉的生活场景中运用所学知识。 3 02 02 知识导图·思维引航 4 03 核心精讲·题型突破 考查形容词辨析 考点一 形容词和形容词短语 1．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Our monitor Sally never shows off, so we all think she is ________.A．active B．modest C．polite D．energetic 句意：我们的班长萨莉从不炫耀，所以我们都认为她很谦虚。考查形容词辨析。active积极的；modest谦虚的；polite有礼貌的；energetic精力充沛的。根据“never shows off”可知，萨莉从不炫耀，说明她很谦虚。故选B。 2．（2023·上海·中考真题）Joyce felt ____ when she won the first prize for handwriting.A．please B．pleased C．pleasure D．pleasantly 考查形容词辨析 句意：乔伊斯获得书法一等奖时感到很高兴。考查形容词的用法。please使高兴，动词；pleased高兴的，形容词；pleasure高兴，名词；pleasantly令人愉快地，副词。此处作felt的表语用形容词pleased。故选B。 3．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）People are ________ whether a man wearing glasses can enter a space station.A．patient with B．crazy about C．busy with D．curious about 考查形容词短语 句意：人们好奇一个戴眼镜的人能否进入空间站。考查形容词短语。be patient with对……有耐心；be crazy about着迷于……；be busy with忙于……；be curious about对……好奇。根据“whether a man wearing glasses can enter a space station.”可知，人们对“一个戴眼镜的人能否进入空间站”感到好奇。故选D。 形容词用于修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、属性或特征。基本用法如下： 功能 位置 例句 作定语 放在名词前 This is aninterestingbook. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时,通常后置 I have somethingimportantto tell you. 作表语 放在系动词后,系动词主要有be动词、三变化（turn，get，become）、感官动词以及stay, go, seem等 This activity is meaningful.Leaves turn yellowin autumn.You look very happy.Lucy always stays positive. 作宾语补足语 常置于keep, make, leave等动词之后，说明宾语的性质、状态和特征 We should keep our classroomclean. 作状语 相当于状语从句，可位于句首、句末或句中。 He arrived home,hungryandtired. 【拓展】 （1）形容词alive, alone, afraid, awake, asleep, well（健康的）等只能作表语。如：Don't be afraid! （2）有些形容词位于定冠词the之后，泛指一类人，表示复数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用复数（如：be用are/were）。这类词有: young/old, rich/poor, healthy/ill, living/dead等。如： The wise are always listening, not speaking. 考向1 形容词词义辨析 对于语境辨析类试题,考生首先要掌握各个选项的意思，再根据语境的逻辑关系来确定正确答案。 考向2 形容词短语辨析 （1）be+adj.+about be worried about对……担忧 be crazy about对……着迷 be curious about对……好奇 be excited about 对……感到兴奋 be sorry about对……感到抱歉/遗憾/难过 be sure about确信；对……有把握 （2）be+adj.+at be good at擅长…… be surprised at对……感到惊奇 be angry at对……生气（对事） be amazed at对……感到惊讶 be annoyed/mad at对……恼怒 （3）be+adj.+of be afraid of 害怕…… be full of充满…… be proud of为……感到自豪 be sure of对……有把握 be tired of对……感到厌倦 be fond of喜欢…… （4）be+adj.+from be different from与……不同 be absent from缺席…… be free from没有……，免受…… （5）be+adj.+for be famous/known/well-known for 因……而著名 be late for迟到 be thirsty for渴望…… be good for对……有好处 be ready for为……做好准备 be suitable for适合…… （6）be+adj.+in be interested in 对……感兴趣 be weak in在……方面薄弱 be rich in富于，盛产 be successful in在……方面成功 be talented in 在……方面有天赋 （7）be+adj.+with be angry with生……的气（对人） be born with天生具有 be busy with忙于 be careful with 小心 be familiar with熟悉 be strict with对……严格 be popular with受……欢迎 be patient with对……有耐心 be satisfied/pleased with 对……感到满意 be good with善于应付……的；跟……相处得好 （8）be+adj.+to be harmful to对……有害 be similar to与……相似 be close to接近 be friendly/good/nice/kind to对……友好 考点二 副词的基本用法及辨析 1．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）We did not know they were in trouble at that time. ________, we would give them a hand.A．However B．Otherwise C．In fact D．For example 考查副词辨析 句意：我们当时不知道他们有麻烦。否则，我们会帮助他们。考查副词辨析。however然而；otherwise否则；in fact事实上；for example例如。根据“We did not know they were in trouble at that time...we would give them a hand.”可知不知道他们有麻烦，否则就会来帮助他们，用副词otherwise。故选B。 2．（2024·天津·中考真题）The teacher speaks ________ and carefully so that we can understand her better.A．hardly B．only C．slowly D．nearly 考查副词基本用法 句意：老师说得慢而仔细，以便我们能更好地理解她的话。考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；only只；slowly缓慢地；nearly几乎。根据“The teacher speaks ... and carefully so that we can understand her better.”可知，为了我们能更好地理解，老师说得慢而仔细，故选C。 1.副词的基本用法 功能 位置 例句 作状语 ①多数副词放在动词之后 It's rainingheavilynow. ②动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后 The girl listens to the teachercarefully. ③频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后 We canoftensee the girl read here. ④程度副词修饰形容词或副词，一般放在被修饰词前 I'malmostready. 作表语 主要限于少数状态或位置副词、时间副词以及其他副词 When will you beback？ 作定语 一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 Lifehereis full of joy. 作补足语 可作主语补足语或宾语补足语，说明主语和宾语所处的位置、状态、性质、特征等 He is too young to leave him at homealone.（作宾语补足语） 2.常见副词的位置及分类 类型 典型词汇 用法 频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom,hardly ever, never等 置于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词及情态动词之后，表示动作发生的频率 方式副词 quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast等 置于不及物动词之后或及物动词之前，表示动作的行为方式 程度副词 heavily, quite, enough, almost, hardly, rather, a lot, a little, so, too, much等 置于被修饰的词前，表示动词、形容词或另一个副词的强度或程度 时间副词 now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago,just, soon, lately,already, ever, yet等 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的时间，是确定句子时态的重要标志 地点副词 outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的地点或位置关系 疑问副词（词组） when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far等 置于特殊疑问句或宾语从句的句首，用于构成特殊疑问句 【注意】enough修饰形容词或副词时需后置。如：The boy is old enough to go to school.（修饰形容词）Sara speaks English well enough to communicate with a British.（修饰副词） 3.其他常考副词 anyway无论如何 abroad在国外 alone独自 also并且；也 besides此外 especially尤其；特别 finally最后；最终 however然而；不过 instead代替；反而 once一次；曾经 perhaps可能；大概 probably大概 【拓展】 （1）有些以-ly结尾的单词是形容词，如：friendly, lonely, lovely, lively, ugly等 （2）同形形容词和副词 ①词义相近的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 We had anearlybreakfast.（早的） We had breakfastearly.（早地） We went by afasttrain.（快的） Don't speak sofast.（快地） ②词义不同的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 I want a straight answer.（坦诚的） He went straight to Beijing.（直接地） I don't feel well today.（健康的） Our plans gowell.（顺利地） It is as hardas a stone.（坚硬的）The test is so hard.（困难的） She studies hard.（努力地）He holds the paper hard.（用力地） （3）有些词虽然既可作形容词也可作副词，但加了-ly之后意义相差很大，如： 4.副词词义辨析分析浙江真题，副词词义辨析主要在完形填空中考查，且主要考查的是-ly副词词义辨析，偶尔涉及频度副词词义辨析。 hard adj. 硬的；努力的；艰难的 adv. 努力地；强烈地；大量地 late adj.迟的；晚的 adv. 迟地；晚地 lately 近来；最近；不久前 考点三 形容词和副词的比较等级 1．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）—How are you feeling today, young man? —Much ________. The medicine works. Thank you, Doctor.A．best B．better C．worst D．worse 句意：——年轻人，你今天感觉怎么样？——好多了。这药有效。谢谢您，医生。考查形容词辨析和比较级的用法。best最好的；better更好的；worst最坏的；worse更坏的。根据“The medicine works.”可知，药有效，所以感觉更好了，much修饰形容词比较级，故选B。 考查形容词比较级 8．（2024·北京·中考真题）What a lovely reading room! It’s one of ___ in our school.A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest 考查形容词最高级 句意：这间阅览室真漂亮！它是我们学校最好的阅览室之一。考查形容词最高级的用法。根据“one of”可知，考查“one of+the+形容词最高级”结构，意为“最……之一”。故选D。 1.形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则（1）规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 直接加-er, -est young younger youngest 以不发音e结尾的加-r, -st large larger largest 以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest 以“辅音字母加y”结尾，先变y为i,再加-er, -est happy easy happier easier happiest easiest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more, most careful clever more careful more clever the most careful the most clever （2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.形容词、副词比较等级的用法（1）原级的用法 用法 例句 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用原级 The flowers in the garden are beautiful. 被程度副词very， so， too， enough， quite等修饰时用原级 She's very nice when you get to know her. as+原级+as Jack is as old as Kate. Tom runs as fast as Mike. not+as/so+原级+as This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn't walk as/so slowly as you. （2）比较级的用法 用法 例句 “比较级+than”，表示“比” My brother Bob ismore hard-working thanme. “the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……” The morefruit you eat,the healthieryou will be. “比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……” Our city is becomingcleaner and cleaner. “the+比较级+of the two…”，表示“两者中比较……的一个” He isthe more active of the twoboys. “Which/Who+is/谓语动词+比较级，A or B?”, 表示“两者相比较，哪个/谁更……？” Which is nearerto the sun, the moonorthe earth? “比较级+than any other+可数名词单数” =“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”，表示“比任何一个人/物都……”（比较级形式表最高级含义） Li Gang istaller than any other studentin his class.=Li Gang istaller than the other studentsin his class. “A+be/谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+B”, 表示“A几倍于B” My apples arethree times more thanyours. 根据语境判断比较级 This pair of shoes is too big for me, so I want to change for asmallerone. 【拓展】比较级前一般可用much, a little, a lot, even, still, far, a bit等词来修饰。如：It is much warmer than yesterday. （3）最高级的用法 “the+最高级+of/in+比较范围”，表示“……是……中最……”（三者或三者以上的） This picture is the best of all in the box. “one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围”，表示“……中最……之一” Qipao is one of the most traditional dresses in China. “the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+比较范围”，表示“A是……中第几最……” She isthe second tallest girl in our class. “Which/Who+be+the+最高级，A, B or C?”,表示“三者比较，哪个/谁最……？” Who is the tallest in your class, Tom, Kate or Bill? 否定词+比较级（+than）或can't/couldn't+比较级（否定词有not, no, never, nothing等） Nobody could do the work better than he did. 根据语境判断最高级 There are four seasons in a year. Autumn is the best one. 【注意】（1）形容词最高级前要加the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等时，不加the。（2）副词最高级前的the可省略。 考点四 形容词和副词填空——针对词汇运用和语法填空 1．（2023·四川宜宾·中考真题）The pens are on sale in that store, so you can buy them more c _______ than usual. 考查副词基本用法 句意：那家商店里的钢笔在打折，所以你可以比平时买得便宜。根据“The pens are on sale in that store”可知钢笔在打折，所以比平时便宜，修饰动词buy，此处用副词的比较级more cheaply“更便宜地”。故填(c)heaply。 cheaply 2．（2022·四川德阳·中考真题）Bruce jumps f than most of the students in his class. 考查副词比较级 句意：布鲁斯比他班上的大多数学生跳得都远。 根据“Bruce jumps … than most of the students in his class.”可知，他跳得更远，根据“than”可知，此空应填比较级farther表示距离上的远，故填(f)arther。 farther 3．（2022·广西桂林·中考真题）David jumps the h in his class. 考查副词最高级 句意：大卫在他们班跳得最高。jump high“跳得高”；本句给出范围“in his class”，此处用副词的最高级修饰动词。故填(h)ighest。 highest 4．（2023·内蒙古包头·中考真题）We were touched by the of the welcome. (warm) 考查形容词的词性变化 句意：我们被热烈的欢迎所感动。此处在介词后作宾语，用名词形式，故填warmth。 warmth 考向1 填形容词原级 用法 示例 位于be动词、感官动词后作表语 Thomas is thin and tall.This song sounds wonderful. 位于名词前作定语 a big park 位于复合不定代词后，修饰复合不定代词 Something new 位于宾语之后作宾补，常与make， leave， keep等动词连用 The good news made everyone very happy. as+形容词原级+as The kitchen is as clean as the living room. 在句型It is+adj.+（of/for sb.） to do sth. 中 It is necessary to have a good study habit. 考向2 填副词原级 用法 例句 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词 Lily is reading carefully in her room.The play is really funny. 修饰动词短语 Our family do some cleaning in the house happily. 修饰整个句子，常位于句首 Finally， doctors and nurses arrived in time. 考向3 形容词、副词变比较等级 用法 例句 若句中有 much， even， far， than等比较级标志词时，用比较级 Peter is much stronger than he used to be. 若句末有in/of/among短语等表示范围时，用最高级 The hotel has the best rooms of the three. “比较级+and +比较级”，“the +比较级， the +比较级”等固定用法 It is believed that the harder you work， the better result you'll get. one of+ the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式+其他 Norman Bethune is one of the most famousheroes in China. 根据语境判断 Charlie is the second tallest student in the class. 考向4 形容词变名词在以下情况下，需将形容词变为名词： 用法 示例 a/an/the/形容词性物主代词+名词 the height of the mountain 形容词+名词 many differences 动词/介词+名词 pay attention to safety 介词短语中 in danger 【拓展】初中常考“形容词变名词”的规则如下： （1）形容词+-ness ill→illness疾病 kind→kindness仁慈;好意 （2）形容词+-ty/-ity/-y safe→safety安全 electric→electricity 电力；电流 difficult→difficulty 困难 （3）形容词（以t结尾的）变t为ce different→difference差异；不同 confident→confidence自信；信心 patient→patience耐心 （4）形容词+-er/-r foreign→foreigner 外国人 strange→stranger陌生人 （5）形容词去掉-ful successful→success成功 （6）其他形式 true→truth 事实 free→freedom自由 考向5 形容词变反义词 初中常考“形容词变反义词”的规则如下： （1）im+以字母m, b, p开头的形容词 possible→impossible不可能的 （2）un+形容词usual→unusual不寻常的necessary→unnecessary不必要的（3）dis+形容词honest→dishonest不诚实的（4）in+形容词correct→incorrect 不正确的 考向6 形容词变副词【拓展】形容词变副词的规律 规则 示例 以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加-ly lucky→luckily happy→happily 以“辅音字母加-le”结尾的形容词，去e，再加-y terrible→terribly possible→possibly simple→simply 少数以“元音字母加-e”结尾的形容词，去e，再加-ly true→truly 04 题型特训·命题预测 1．The villagers found a ________ dog in the house. Perhaps it died two days ago.A．dead B．death C．died D．dying2．The little dancer from Australia looks ________ in the long black skirt.A．gently B．happily C．lovely D．beautifully3．That tech company always develops amazing new products to keep customers ______.A．excite B．exciting C．excited D．excitement4．My bedroom isn’t ________ Li Peng’s. A．so large as B．small than C．as larger as D．the largest5．—The panda Yaya has returned to China from the USA．—I hope she can get ________ care than ever before.A．careful B．most careful C．more careful D．carefully 6．—I usually watch videos to pass my boring time.—But study shows that browsing videos on TikTok actually can make people feel ________. So put down your mobiles and do something more meaningful.A．bored B．more bored C．most bored7．—The relation between the two countries gets ________. A war seems to break out soon. —I hope they will make peace with each other.A．worse and worseB．better and betterC．more and more worseD．more and more better8．—The doctor told me not to eat too much, but I thinkit’s hard for me.—The doctor is right. ________ you eat, ________ you will be.A．The less; the healthier B．The less; the more healthierC．The more; the healthier D．The more; the more healthier9．—Nanjing is a historic city with many historical figures.—So I think Nanjing is more monumental (具有纪念意义的) than ________ city in Jiangsu.A．other B．any other C．any D．others10．Shanghai is larger than ________ city in New Zealand.A．all other B．any other C．other D．any 11．Who is ________ one, Tom or Jack?A．the taller B．the tall C．the tallest D．tall12．I think Pirates of Caribbean is ________ film of the three.A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting13．—Changchun is famous for ice and snow.—Yes, Jingyuetan National Forest Park is one of ______ places of interest in Changchun.A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful14．Nanjing isn’t so large _________ Shanghai. However, it’s the second ________ city in East China.A．like; largest B．as; largest C．like; large D．as; large15．As an old saying goes, he who has ________ been to the Great Wall is not a true man.A．never B．seldom C．often D．always 16．— Don’t worry. My mother will look after your baby __________.— Thanks a lot.A．enough careful B．careful enough C．enough carefully D．carefully enough17．The junior assistants are trained to deal with customer complaints ________.A．friendly B．politely C．lovely D．lonely18．—Lucy, I’m poor in English. Could you give me some advice?—You can speak English as __________ as possible.A．much B．many C．more D．most19．— Which do you like ________ , basketball or football? — Football.A．well B．better C．best D．the best20．My dad always says to me, “The ______ you study, the ______ you will be.”A．harder; luckier B．harder; lucky C．hard; luckier D．hard; lucky THE END 35 $$