专题一 (二)命题超重点——跨段综合信息题-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三二轮专题复习高效讲义（新教材）

(二)命题超重点——跨段综合信息题 [解题提示]　跨段综合信息题需要考生结合两段或两段以上的信息进行综合判断，有一定的难度。纵观近三年的新高考全国卷试题可以发现，此类题目在卷中几乎均有涉及。考生在做此类题目时，需要瞻前顾后，综合考量。 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共30分) A (2024·昆明三诊一模)Rushing down the path，the traceur (跑酷者) is on the lookout for his next obstacles such as fire escapes，walls or fences.As soon as he realizes a massive brick wall stands between him and where he wants to be，he unintentionally grabs on the wall with his hands and lifts himself to stand on top of it.His next move is a jump that lands him back on solid ground.However，noticing that he is unstable，he rolls to avoid injuries. Traceurs are athletes who perform remarkable gymnastics moves in urban environments.Serious traceurs are fascinated not just by the physical challenges of Parkour，but by its philosophy.Those who learn to excel at Parkour claim to develop not just physical fitness，but increased self­confidence and critical thinking skills，as they train themselves to find ways around every obstacle in their paths. Because of these philosophical foundations，Parkour is often described by traceurs as more of a lifestyle or an art form than a sport.Passionate traceurs are determined to keep Parkour from becoming a competitive attempt.Competition，they argue，devalues the philosophical theory behind Parkour.People who practice Parkour should be more concerned with their relationship to the environment than with a ticking clock，a score or a cheering crowd.Furthermore，traceurs should work with each other to improve confidence，awareness and unity.Competition，they argue，only brings about feelings of conflict and disharmony. While Parkour purists suggest that the philosophy behind Parkour helps to limit injuries，they must remember that not everyone who tries to leap over a mailbox is an experienced traceur trying to get in touch with his or her environment.Adolescents attempting to carry out these acrobatic (杂技的) skills could severely injure themselves.So while newcomers to Parkour might be eager to investigate this art of movement，it would be wise for them to remember the physicality behind the philosophy.After all，philosophy is not much good to a broken leg. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章主要讲述社会上出现的一种体育爱好者——跑酷者，并阐述跑酷者哲学，同时针对跑酷新手提出了一些建议。 1．Why does the author describe a traceur at the beginning? A．To illustrate what Parkour is like. B．To teach ways of avoiding injuries. C．To explain different Parkour moves. D．To highlight the popularity of sports. A　[细节理解题。本文第一段非常形象地塑造了跑酷者的形象，即沿着小路向下冲，然后当跑酷者意识到一堵巨大的砖墙挡在他和他想去的地方之间时，他用手抓住了墙，然后站在墙上。他的下一个动作是跳跃，使他落到坚实的地面上。然而，注意到自己不稳定，他便翻滚以避免受伤。由此可知，作者开头谈到跑酷者是告诉读者跑酷到底是什么样的，故选A。] 2．How can Parkour enhance a traceur's self­confidence? A．By strengthening physical fitness. B．By winning Parkour competitions. C．By building faith in conquering barriers. D．By grasping some philosophical theories. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话中的“increased self­confidence and critical thinking skills, as they train themselves to find ways around every obstacle in their paths”可知，那些学会跑酷的人声称，跑酷不仅可以锻炼身体素质，还可以增强自信心和批判性思维能力，因为他们训练自己找到绕过道路上每一个障碍的方法。故C项正确。] 3．What do we know about serious and pure traceurs? A．They are aware of how to treat injuries. B．They suggest individual efforts in the sport. C．They stress the relationship to the environment. D．They are more concerned with remarkable moves. C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People who practice Parkour should be more concerned with their relationship to the environment than with a ticking clock, a score or a cheering crowd”和第四段中的“they must remember that not everyone who tries to leap over a mailbox is an experienced traceur trying to get in touch with his or her environment”可知，他们都谈到了跑酷与环境之间的关系，故选C。] 4．What does the author advise newcomers to do? A．Face physical challenges boldly. B．Learn from experienced traceurs. C．Start from leaping over a mailbox. D．Consider the risk of severe harm. D　[细节理解题。最后一段谈到试图跑酷的青少年可能会让自己严重受伤，虽然跑酷新手可能渴望研究这种运动艺术，但对他们来说，要注意考虑会严重受伤的风险。最后一句“After all, philosophy is not much good to a broken leg”再次建议跑酷新手要注意不要让自己受伤，故选D。] B (2024·南京高三二模)Across the world，humans purchase around 1.3 billion single­use plastic water bottles a day.Because only about 9% of plastic is recycled，the vast majority of those bottles wind up in landfills，the ocean，or elsewhere in nature. When beach­loving Madison noticed those plastic bottles during her family's trips to California，the then 12­year­old“just felt like this needed to be changed”，she told Smithsonian Magazine. So as she began thinking about what to do for her school science fair back in 2021，the idea of a project centered on reducing plastic pollution quickly came to her mind：She would design an eatable water bottle called the Eco­Hero. “One of my biggest ambitions for my project was wanting to help the world，”the confident young inventor said in a video on the website. To bring her idea to life，Madison built upon the already established method by experimenting with common food materials.She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water bottles，though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable.She found that the combination of water，lemon juice，natural gum，and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) resulted in a gel pouch that wouldn't break，could hold up to 3/4 cup of water，and would last in the fridge for three weeks. Though she'd like to improve the Eco­Hero by making it able to hold more water，she believes her current version would work well as a replacement for the paper cups used by runners in races.All one needs to do is bite a hole in the water ball，drink the water，and then eat the pouch or throw it away to biodegrade.Madison hopes the Eco­Hero inspires others to take better care of the planet.“It doesn't necessarily have to be in a big way，”she told Smithsonian Magazine.“People can still make a difference in the world，even if it's just in a small way.” [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。在发现很多塑料瓶未被循环利用时，当时12岁的Madison设计了由水、柠檬汁、天然树脂和褐藻酸制成的可食用凝胶袋以减少塑料污染问题。她希望用自己的行动激励人们更好地照顾地球，为世界做出贡献。 5．What inspired Madison's design of an eatable water bottle? A．Her school's task. B．Her family's urge. C．Her love for nature. D．Her trips to the beach. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的描述可知，当Madison和她的家人去加州旅行时她注意到那些塑料瓶未被循环利用，觉得这种状况需要改变。因此，在2021年开始考虑为她的学校科学展览做些什么时，她很快就想到了一项旨在减少塑料污染的项目：她将设计一个名为“生态英雄”的可食用水瓶。由此可知，是她去海滩的旅行激发了她的可食用水瓶的设计。故选D。] 6．What can we know about the Eco­Hero? A．It is a copy of the previous versions. B．It is made from unbreakable materials. C．It is an improvement in size and durability. D．It has a hole and should be disposed of once used. C　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“though she focused on making hers...in the fridge for three weeks”可知，Madison专注于让自己的设计更大、更耐用，她设计了由水、柠檬汁、天然树脂和褐藻酸制成的凝胶袋，该产品不但不会破裂，可容纳多达3/4杯水，并且还可以在冰箱里保存三周。由此可知，“生态英雄”在容量和耐用性方面得到了改进。故选C。] 7．Which of the following words can best describe Madison? A．Ambitious and creative. B．Talented and determined. C．Courageous and confident. D．Cooperative and committed. A　[推理判断题。Madison设计了可食用凝胶袋，由此可知她富有创造力；由第四段可知，Madison的最大抱负之一就是想帮助世界；由最后一段可知，她认为人们可以改变这个世界，即使只是在一个小的方面。由此可推知，Madison既有创造力又有雄心大志。故选A。] 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．A Good Beginning Is Half Done B．Small People Make Big Moves C．Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way D．God Helps Those Who Help Themselves B　[标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了当时才12岁的Madison设计了可食用凝胶袋以减少塑料污染问题。她希望能激励人们更好地照顾地球，为世界做出贡献。故本文可用B项(小人物采取大行动)作最佳标题。故选B。] C (2024·沈阳高三质检)Parrots consistently top the charts of the world's smartest animals.A new discovery published by the Royal Society Open Science reveals to us what sets the intelligent individual monk parakeet (和尚鹦鹉) apart in a group. Previously, it was thought that these birds introduced themselves to others with a sort of “catchphrase” that distinguished their identity.However, after running the vocalizations (声音) collected in this study through a machine learning program, a team led by Simeon Smeele, a doctoral student at Aarhus University in Denmark, found that the birds actually had “voiceprints” like humans that identify themselves in the group. The researchers studied thousands of monk parakeets' vocalizations from hundreds of birds in Barcelona across two years and ran these recordings through the program that identifies small differences in their calls. “The voiceprint is the underlying quality of a voice that you can recognize in humans, and this is the first time that it has been shown in another vocal learner，” Smeele said.For example, the voiceprint of your father is how you know it's his voice, even if he isn't present.“This is what I think could explain how they recognize each other, because it can be stable over very long periods of time，” he added. “This shows that these birds also have that sort of information that they might be using in their complicated social interactions，” said Emily DuVal, Ph.D., a behavioral ecologist at Florida State University.“Research into animal communication has the potential to motivate the public into action to conserve animals.Recognizing who each other is and understanding how they interact with one another are important for human life，” she said. This model can potentially be applied to other animals with vocal recognition like bottlenose dolphins, bats and elephants.Future research will look into whether these voiceprints are recognized by all parakeets in the community or only a circle of close relatives. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。鹦鹉一贯被人们认为是世界上最聪明的动物之一。一项新的研究发现，聪明的和尚鹦鹉使用与人类一样的“声纹”来使自己在群体之中有别于其他和尚鹦鹉。 9．What helps the monk parakeets recognize each other? A．The catchphrase. B．The intelligence. C．The voiceprint. D．The communication. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“found that the birds actually had ‘voiceprints’ like humans that identify themselves in the group”可知，研究发现，这些鸟实际上有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以在该群体中识别自己的身份，故选C项。] 10．How did the researchers conduct the study? A．By combining “catchphrases” with “voiceprints”． B．By keeping track of the monk parakeets' relatives. C．By collecting vocalizations and identifying their differences. D．By comparing humans' voiceprints with monk parakeets'. C　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“after running the vocalizations (声音) collected in this study through a machine learning program”和第三段中的“ran these recordings through the program that identifies small differences in their calls”可知，本研究中的研究者先收集了和尚鹦鹉的声音，然后将其输入到一个能够区分这类鸟叫声的细微差别的机器学习程序中。故C项“通过收集声音并识别它们的差异”正确。] 11．What will the future study focus on? A．The information that voiceprints can express. B．The potential influence that voiceprints can bring. C．The animals among which voiceprints are identified. D．The range where monk parakeets' voiceprints are recognized. D　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Future research will look into whether these voiceprints are recognized by...close relatives”可知，未来的研究将着眼于这些声纹是被社群中的所有和尚鹦鹉识别，还是只被一部分近亲识别。故D项正确。] 12．What can be the best title for the text? A．Monk Parakeets Are Great Vocal Learners B．Monk Parakeets Resemble Humans in Communication C．“Voiceprints” Are Found in Animals' Social Interactions D．“Voiceprints” Help Monk Parakeets Identify Themselves D　[标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是第二段最后一句话中的“found that the birds actually had ‘voiceprints’ like humans that identify themselves in the group”可知，研究发现，这些鸟实际上有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以在该群体中识别自己的身份，故选D项。] Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·武汉高三调研)In February Chen Qiqi was riding (乘车) on a field trip, seeking interesting plants in South China's Hainan Province.Suddenly, she 1 and gave other passengers a shock. As the car pulled over, she jumped off and 2 to the plant.Chen 3 the plant at close quarters, while taking pictures and shooting it from various angles.“It was Entada phaseoloides (榼藤) and I couldn't wait to share it with my 4 ，” she says. She applied for studies of 5 protection at college in 2015.The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants and the plant­hunting 7 has made her have a good 8 of the natural world.These led to her option of becoming a teacher at a(n) 9 education institute after graduation. However, an unexpected thing interrupted her plan so she couldn't 10 with it.Instead, she picked up skills of video shooting, which 11 her to be a plant video blogger.Her short videos cover a 12 range of plants, including red spider lilies, box beans and air plants, etc.In Chen's 13 on social media, over 100 videos explaining varieties of plants have earned her almost 1 million followers. “I feel proud and my job is 14 when people say they know about some plants because of me.”As for her future plans, Chen says she 15 to carry on exploring the world of plants. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章以博主陈奇奇在海南寻找榼藤的经历引入话题，介绍了她如何走上植物科普这条道路、取得的成绩以及未来的计划等。 1． A．hesitated B．screamed C．stopped D．collapsed B　[根据下文中的“As the car pulled over, she jumped off”可以看出，她非常激动。再结合空后的“gave other passengers a shock”和选项可知，她激动地尖叫(screamed)了起来，这也吓到了别的乘客。hesitate“犹豫，踌躇，迟疑”；collapse“倒坍，坍塌”。] 2． A．drove B．walked C．rolled D．rushed D　[根据空前的“As the car pulled over, she jumped off”可以看出，她非常激动。因此，车一停下她就跳了下来，冲向(rushed)了榼藤。roll“(使)翻滚，滚动”。] 3． A．cut B．smelt C．removed D．observed D　[根据下文中的“at close quarters, while taking pictures and shooting it from various angles”可知，她近距离地观察(observed)这株植物并拍照。] 4． A．audience B．students C．passengers D．staff A　[根据下文中的“a plant video blogger”可知，她是植物视频博主，故此处表示她迫不及待地想要和自己的观众(audience)分享自己的发现。staff“全体职员，员工”。] 5． A．plant B．community C．food D．animal A　[根据下文中的“The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants”可知，她在大学学习植物(plant)保护。本空也可以结合全文的话题去判断，通篇讲的都是与植物相关的话题，由此可见，主人公陈奇奇很可能具有植物学习的经历。community “社区，社会”。] 6． A．formal B．previous C．systematic D．abstract C　[根据第5题的解析可知，她在大学学习植物保护。根据常识可知，大学的专业学习会让她具备系统化的(systematic)植物知识。formal“正式的；规范的”；previous“先前的；以往的”；abstract “抽象的”。] 7． A．choice B．degree C．experience D．requirement C　[结合上文可知，陈奇奇在寻找植物并很有收获。由此可见，寻找植物的经历(experience)让她对自然世界有更好的掌握(command)。choice“选择”；degree “度；学位”；requirement“要求，必要条件”。] 8． A．taste B．command C．view D．comment B　[参见第7题解析。have a good command of “精通；对……掌握熟练”。view“观点；视野”；comment“议论；评论”。] 9． A．nature B．health C．life D．environment A　[根据上文中的“The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants...have a good 8 of the natural world”可知，这样的经历让她在毕业后选择成为一所自然(nature)教育学院的老师。] 10．A．conflict B．proceed C．compare D．end B　[根据上文中的“an unexpected thing interrupted her plan”和下文中的“Instead, she picked up skills of video shooting”可知，她不能继续(proceed)从事教师职业。proceed with sth.固定搭配，意为“继续做某事(或从事、进行)”。conflict“冲突；争执；争论”；compare“比较；对比”。] 11．A．forbade B．reminded C．enabled D．forced C　[根据空前的“she picked up skills of video shooting”和空后的“to be a plant video blogger”可知，她学会拍摄视频的技巧，这使得她能够(enabled)成为一名植物视频博主。forbid“禁止；不准”；remind“提醒；使想起”；force“强迫，迫使(某人做某事)”。] 12．A．narrow B．new C．superb D．diverse D　[根据空后的“including red spider lilies, box beans and air plants, etc”可知，她的视频包括各种各样的(diverse)植物。narrow“狭窄的；窄小的”；superb“极佳的；卓越的；质量极高的”。] 13．A．account B．idea C．profile D．setting A　[根据空后的“over 100 videos”和“earned her almost 1 million followers”可知，此处讲的是她社交媒体账号(account)上的情况。profile“概述；简介；形象”；setting“环境；背景”。] 14．A．amusing B．valuable C．challenging D．practical B　[根据空后的“when people say they know about some plants because of me”可知，当人们说他们因为她了解了一些植物时，陈奇奇感到自豪，觉得自己的工作有价值(valuable)。amusing“有乐趣的；好笑的”；challenging“挑战性的；考验能力的”；practical“真实的，实际的；切实可行的”。] 15．A．pretends B．manages C．longs D．ceases C　[结合空前的“her future plans”和空后的“carry on exploring the world of plants”可知，关于未来的计划，陈奇奇渴望(longs)继续探索植物世界。pretend“假装”；cease“终止，结束”。] 文本词库 核心单词 A篇 obstacle n．障碍物　massive adj.巨大的，大而重的，结实的　solid adj.坚固的；固体的，坚硬的；实心的　remarkable adj.非凡的，显著的　severely adv.严重地　investigate v．研究，调查 B篇 landfill n．废物填埋地(或场)　ambition n．野心；雄心；志向；抱负　inspiration n．灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物)；使人产生动机的人(或事物)　previous adj.先前的；以往的　version n．版本；描述，说法；变体；变种 C篇 consistently adv. 一贯地　distinguish v. 区分，辨别　identify v. 确认；找到，发现；说明身份　recording n. 录音　recognize v. 认出，辨别出　stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的；牢固的　complicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的　potential n. 潜力，潜质 adj. 潜在的；可能的　motivate v. 激发，激励 词缀变形 A篇 intention n．目的→intentional adj.故意的，有意的→unintentionally adv.无意地，无心地　stable adj.稳定的→unstable adj.不稳定的　passion n．热情，激情→passionate adj.热情的　compete v．竞争，对抗；参加比赛→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的，有竞争力的　value v．重视；给……估价→devalue v．使(货币)贬值；贬低　harmony n．和谐→disharmony n．不和谐 核心短语 A篇 on the lookout for sth.注意某事，留心某事　fire escape 安全梯，太平梯　excel at 擅长　leap over 跳过 B篇 wind up 完成；停止(活动)　science fair 科学展览 C篇 set...apart 突出，使显眼，分开　look into 调查，研究 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$