专题三 攻略(二)答题 “6技法”攻克失分疑难（课件PPT）-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三二轮专题复习高效讲义（新教材）

高三二轮专题复习高效讲义 英 语 完形填空 专 题 三 01 01 02 答题 ——“6技法”攻克失分疑难 攻略二 02 03 04 05 06 技法1 首句引领法 技法2　话题统领法 技法3　逻辑分析法 技法4　情感分析法 技法5　选项排除法 技法6　生活常识法 技法1 首句引领法—— 通读全文明大意，细研首句定方向 技法2　话题统领法—— 一句多空重关联，字里行间皆暗示 技法3　逻辑分析法—— 句际关系看衔接，行文逻辑有标志 技法4　情感分析法—— 细琢词汇画外音，褒贬语境话曲直 技法5　选项排除法—— 明显错误先排除，缩小范围助解题 技法6　生活常识法—— 广泛涉猎增见识，常识助你巧解题 这里是内容这里是内容这里是内容这里是内容。这里是内容这里是内容。 CONTENT TITLE HERE 这里是内容这里是内容这里是内容这里是内容。这里是内容这里是内容。 CONTENT TITLE HERE ONTENT CONTENT 谢谢观看！ 完形填空的首句一般不设空，这是为了给考生提供清晰而完整的背景信息。仔细分析文章的首句，往往能获取许多解题信息，从而节省做题时间。 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager，a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race.Feeling motivated，I started running 42 ，but then two things happened... 41．A.knew　　B.held　　C.won　　D.quit 42．A．regularly　 B．silently C．proudly　 D．recently 故事开头交代，“我的一生都因别人的成就而受到激励或感到沮丧。”接下来应是讲如何被别人的成就所激励：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友应该是“赢得了(won)”马拉松比赛→我有了动力→我开始“定期(regularly)”跑步，但后来发生了两件事。故41.C 42.A。 √ √ 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·全国甲卷)Many years ago，I bought a house in the Garfagnana，where we still go every summer.The first time we 41 there，we heard the chug­chug­chug of a motorbike 42.making its way down the hill toward us. 41．A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed 根据文章首句“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana，where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D。 √ 针对同一话题而存在的句群或段落因在同一话题的“统领”下而存在着千丝万缕的联系，通常会体现出情感、动作、逻辑等方面的连贯性。 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2024·全国甲卷)...On most weekends，my grandmother，a young girl then，and her brother would go to the 51 ．There，they would walk through deep water，sit down cross­legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on around them.This is something I 53.admire—her ability to open her 54.eyes underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. 51．A.market 　B.mountain　 C.beach 　D.class 52．A.secret B.breath C.view D.tongue 根据“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross­legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥去海滩(beach)玩水，祖母和哥哥坐在水下，所以会屏住呼吸(breath)。故51.C 52.B。 √ √ 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)...George，the husband，was trying to be calm，but I could tell this was 48 for him，having to leave his dog to a 49.stranger and trust that everything would 50 . 48．A．hard 　 B．fine 　C．common　D．lucky 50．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 结合but和“having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would”可知，对George来说，保持冷静应该很难(hard)。George 把狗委托给他人，自然会希望一切顺利(work out)。故48.A 50.B。 √ √ 阅读材料中，句子内部、句与句之间以及段与段之间常存在某种逻辑关系。不同的逻辑关系往往由特定的标志词来表现，如firstly, secondly, again, also, what's more, equally, therefore, however, consequently, for example等。考生在做完形填空时，可以借助这些标志词快速确定逻辑关系，从而确定答案。有时候文章中没有明确的标志词，那么逻辑关系需要通过语意来感知。 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·全国甲卷)...And the wine was cloudy，in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.These can't be any 48.good，we thought... ...Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle，but it was 57 . 57．A.perfect 　 B.useful 　 C.convenient 　 D.familiar 由but 可知，前后两分句之间为转折关系。而“These can't be any good”是对“Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”的概括，故“can't be any good”应与所填词存在转折关系，对比选项可知，perfect 符合语境。故选A。 √ 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·浙江1月卷)...Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree，Ziyad began 47.climbing.He stopped every few minutes to move the 48.rope higher up the tree trunk. 49 ，Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground... 49．A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately 所给文本片段描述的是Ziyad上树的过程，上面的段落讲到他越爬越高，下面的段落提到他接近了蜂巢。由此可知，所填词应表示顺承关系，Finally(最终)符合语境。故选A。 √ 完形填空材料通常为记叙文。在记叙过程中，经常会出现大量的动作、行为、心理、神态、环境和氛围描写。而这些描写往往会反映出主人公的观点、态度和情感等。作者在选用特定的褒义词或贬义词时也同时表达了自己的感情倾向和意愿。考生在做完形填空时，要仔细体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义，揣摩作者的思想和情感。很多题目可以通过分析词汇的感情色彩来解答。 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·全国甲卷)...It was a 43.neighbor called Mario，coming to 44.bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.It was a very nice 45.gesture for him to make.But when we looked at the tomatoes，we were 46 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice，round，47.shiny things you get in a supermarket. 46．A.worried　 B.moved　 C.thrilled　 D.bored 根据下文中的“because they were so misshapen”可以推测，Mario送来了一些奇形怪状的西红柿，这让作者很担忧(worried)。故选A。 √ 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·全国乙卷)To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all­around event，Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 41.knew best.She had to 42.pack up her bedroom in Virginia.She had to say 43.goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach，where she loved to 44.ride waves on her board.But it was 45.time to take the leap (飞跃)，however 46 it would be. 46．A.breathtaking　　　　 B.heartbreaking C.eye­catching D.head­spinning 根据“...Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she knew best.She had to pack up her bedroom in Virginia.She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach...”可知，所提到的事情都令人心碎(heartbreaking)。故选B。 √ 在做完形填空时，用尽所有办法仍不能推断出答案时，可以采用排除法。先分别将选项代入原文，观察上下文逻辑、词语搭配等方面是否符合上下文，如不符合就排除。 真题示例 解题分析 (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)...Families 51.gather for big meals on Sundays，birthdays，and whatever other excuses they can 52.come up with． These meals are always 53.accompanied by laughter and joy.Whatever 54.disadvantages life in Italy might have，the problems are 55 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 55．A.created　 B.forgotten C.understood　 D.identified 四个选项分别带入，并进行翻译可知。A.created 问题被“创造”；B.forgotten 问题被“忘记”；C.understood 问题被“理解”；D.identified问题被“确认”。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人朋友们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 √ 真题示例 解题分析 (2023·全国乙卷)To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all­around event，Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 41 best.She had to 42.pack up her bedroom in Virginia.She had to say 43.goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach，where she loved to 44.ride waves on her board. 41．A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew 结合关键信息“She had to pack up her bedroom in Virginia.She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach...”，将四个选项逐一代入，并进行翻译可知，D项切题。此处想表达的是Gabby Douglas不得不离开她最熟悉的一切。故选D。 √ 高考完形填空所采用的文章不仅故事性、逻辑性比较强，语篇中还交织渗透着各种背景知识和常识。考生在做题时，除了通过上下文来判断之外，还可以充分利用个人的经验和常识来快速、准确地选定答案。 √ 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)When I met Tiffy's owners，they seemed very 47 .George，the husband，was trying to be calm，but I could tell this was 48.hard for him，having to leave his dog to a 49.stranger and trust that everything would 50.work out. 47．A.confused　　 B.nervous　　 C.annoyed　　 D.curious 根据下文“George，the husband，was trying to be calm”和常识可知，把自家的狗狗交给一个陌生人时，主人当然会担心(nervous)了。故选B。 真题示例 解题分析 　　(2023·浙江1月卷)...Here, in south­east Ethiopia, hand­carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the 42.treetops.Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43.dangerous． ...Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree，Ziyad began 47 ... 47．A.jumping　 B.talking 　 C.testing　 D.climbing 由上文可知，蜂巢被放在了树梢上，那么再结合常识可知，要采蜜当然得爬树(climbing)了。“with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree”也说明 Ziyad 已经做好了爬树的准备。故选D。 √ A (2024·浙江四校联考)“Keep staring！I might do a 1 ！”That's the message on a T­shirt of mine. People stare at me all the time so I thought this shirt would be funny.See, I'm a dwarf (侏儒).Most of the time people aren't trying to be 2 .They just haven't seen many dwarfs like me before.I can 3 that, but I also want to let them know that I see them staring. I was born with achondroplasia (软骨发育不全), the most 4 form of dwarfism.Right now, I am almost four feet tall and that's 5 as tall as I'm going to get. I'm not going to pretend my height isn't a 6 .Light switches and 7 are usually too high for me.It takes me almost three steps to 8 one step of an average size adult and my mom has to shorten almost all of my 9 . But everyone faces challenges.You have to face them with a good attitude.So, I have a long barbecue fork to 10 things from shelves and drive a car with the help of pedal 11 .If all else fails, I ask for things.The way I see it, I can do just about 12 that an average size person can do.I'll never play professional sports, but I have no problem 13 my limits.It may take me longer and it may be harder, but I can still do it. My shirt shows people the 14 me—a kid with a sense of humor.And maybe that's the trick showing others that I'm just like them.I'm just shorter, but I'm 15 of who I am. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。作者患有侏儒症，但是他本人坚强、幽默，不断通过自身的努力去完成一个正常身高的人完成的事情。 1．A．favor B．bet C．trick D．survey C　[此处考查原词复现。根据最后一段的“that's the trick”可知，作者T恤上的标语是“继续盯着！我可能会变个戏法！”。favor“帮助，好事，恩惠”；bet“打赌，赌注”；trick“戏法，把戏，骗局”；survey“民意调查”。] √ √ √ 2．A．rude B．nice C．indifferent D．hospitable A　[根据下文的“They just haven't seen many dwarfs like me before”可知，人们盯着作者看，并不是说他们举止粗鲁。他们只是之前没有见过很多像作者一样的侏儒。故选A。rude“粗鲁的”；indifferent“漠不关心的”；hospitable“好客的”。] 3．A．avoid B．evaluate C．appreciate D．object C　[根据上文的“They just haven't seen many dwarfs like me before”可知，作者内心理解大家为什么会一直盯着自己看。故选C。avoid“避免”；evaluate“评估，评价”；appreciate“理解，意识到，领会，欣赏，感激”；object“反对，不赞成”。] √ √ 4．A．common B．special C．scary D．outstanding A　[根据上文的“I was born with achondroplasia (软骨发育不全)”和常识可知，作者天生软骨发育不全，这是最常见的侏儒症。故选A。common“常见的”；special“特殊的”；scary“可怕的，吓人的”；outstanding“杰出的”。] 5．A．hardly B．particularly C．awfully D．practically D　[上文讲作者患有侏儒症。再根据上文的“Right now, I am almost four feet tall”可知，作者现在身高几乎有四英尺高，那几乎就是作者以后能达到的高度。故选D。hardly“几乎不”；particularly“特别，尤其”；awfully“非常，极其”；practically“几乎，差不多，很接近”。] 6．A．challenge B．symbol C．milestone D．barrier A　[根据后文的“Light switches and 7 are usually too high for me”和常识可知，身高在作者的生活中确实带来了挑战。故选A。challenge“挑战”；symbol“象征”；milestone“重要事件，里程碑”；barrier“障碍，屏障”。下文的“everyone faces challenges”亦是提示。] √ 7．A．stars B．ceilings C．counters D．ladders C　[根据空前的Light switches可知，空处与Light switches并列，均是作者列举的生活中由于身高而面临的挑战。再结合上文的“I am almost four feet tall”和选项可知，此处是说电灯开关和柜台(counters)对作者来说通常都太高了。故选C。star“星”；ceiling“天花板”；ladder“梯子”。] √ √ √ 8．A．break away from B．keep up with C．draw back D．bring along B　[根据上文的“I am almost four feet tall”可知，作者腿短，故一般成人走一步，作者需要走约三步才能跟得上。故选B。break away from“突然挣脱，逃脱”；keep up with“(与……)齐步前进，并驾齐驱，跟上”；draw back“移开，后退”；bring along“把……带来”。] 9．A．legs B．steps C．pants D．distance C　[作者有侏儒症，所以母亲需要把作者几乎所有的裤子(pants)都裁短。distance“距离”。] √ √ 10．A．pull down B．pick up C．drag along D．stab into A　[根据语境可知，作者有侏儒症，应是用长长的烧烤叉将东西从架子上拉下来，故选A。pull down“把……拉下来”；pick up“拾起，(开车)接，取”；drag along“拖着脚步走”；stab into“刺入”。] 11．A．brakes B．extensions C．devices D．stands B　[通过延长的踏板，作者可以开车了。brake“刹车”；extension“扩大，延伸；延长的事物”；device“设备”；stand“货摊”。] √ √ 12．A．something B．little C．anything D．enough C　[根据上文描述的作者一直在不断尝试解决各种生活问题可知，在作者眼中，作者基本上可以做任何一个正常身高的人能做的事。故选C。] 13．A．adjusting B．changing C．perfecting D．testing D　[根据上文的“I'll never play professional sports, but”可知，作者不会去参加职业运动，但是测试下自己的极限是没问题的。故选D。adjust“调整，调节”；perfect“使完善，使完美”；test“测试，检验”。] √ √ 14．A．tall B．different C．strong D．real D　[根据第一段第一句“Keep staring！I might do a 1 ！”可知，衣服上的文字展示了真正的作者——一个具有幽默感的孩子。故选D。] 15．A．ashamed B．aware C．capable D．proud D　[根据上文的描述和空前的but可知，此处前后分句之间是转折关系，表示虽然作者较矮，但作者为自己感到骄傲。ashamed“惭愧，羞愧”；aware“意识到，明白”；capable“有能力，有才能”；proud“骄傲的，自豪的”。] B (2024·济南高三质检)A two­year­old girl in Newberry County had last been seen at about 3：00 p．m., but she was missing later in the day.The situation took a 1 turn around 6：00 p．m., when a hunter in the area heard the cries of the missing child.Reacting immediately, the hunter 2 an emergency call telling authorities the child's location. The operators 3 immediately, applying advanced mapping technology to locate the position.This crucial information was then 4 sent to the South Carolina Law Enforcement Division(SLED) and the county's first 5 ． With the location data in hand, the search and rescue team was quickly 6 to the wooded area.The tireless efforts of these rescue workers ultimately 7 a heartwarming reunion.The missing two­year­old was found in the forest, safe and sound except some slight injuries.Despite her 8 experience, she was found to be in surprisingly good 9 ， except her understandable tiredness, thirst and fear. The 10 rescue was the result of the 11 between different departments and the community as a whole.The Newberry County Sheriff's Office expressed their 12 for the efforts of everyone involved, including citizens, and those 13 their thoughts during the search.And they showed their relief at the 14 of the little girl in the care of family.Their heroic actions will be 15 as a heartwarming success story in Newberry County for years to come. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章讲述了纽贝里县一名两岁小女孩在树林里走丢，在营救人员、相关部门的努力下，配合定位技术，两岁的小女孩成功获救的故事。 √ √ 1．A．disappointing B．hopeful C．reasonable D．challenging B　[根据下文的“when a hunter in the area heard the cries of the missing child”可知，该地区的一名猎人听到了这名失踪儿童的叫喊声，因此此处表示情况出现了有希望的转变，故选B。disappointing“令人失望的，令人沮丧的”；reasonable“合理的，有理由的，公平的”；challenging“挑战性的”。] 2．A．placed B．received C．missed D．answered A　[根据下文的“telling authorities the child's location”并结合语境可知，此处表示猎人拨打紧急电话，告诉当地部门孩子的位置，故选A。place an emergency call“拨打紧急电话”。receive“收到”；miss“错过，思念”；answer“回答，答复”。] √ √ 3．A．appeared B．escaped C．acted D．arrived C　[ 根据空后的“applying advanced mapping technology to locate the position”可知，电话接线员立刻行动，应用先进的技术进行定位，故选C。appear“出现”；escape“逃离”；arrive“到达”。] 4．A．optionally B．carefully C．entirely D．rapidly D　[根据下文的“With the location data in hand, the search and rescue team was quickly...”可知，这一关键信息随后被迅速发送给南卡罗来纳州执法部门，故选D项“迅速地”。optionally“可选择地”；carefully“小心地，仔细地”；entirely“完全地，完整地”。] √ √ 5．A．discoverers B．rescuers C．operators D．survivors B　[根据下文的“the search and rescue team”和“these rescue workers”可知，此处指本县的第一批营救人员，故选B。discoverer“发现者”；operator“电话接线员，操作员”；survivor“幸存者”。] 6．A．adapting B．returning C．heading D．pointing C　[根据下文的“The tireless efforts of these rescue workers”可知，有了定位数据，搜救队快速前往树林地区，展开搜救工作，故选C，head to“前往……”。adapt to“适应”；return to“返回到……”；point to“指向……”。] √ √ 7．A．paid for B．set up C．took on D．led to D　[这些营救人员坚持不懈的努力最终促成了一次温馨感人的团聚，故选D。pay for“付……费用”；set up“建立，成立”；take on“呈现”；lead to“导致，造成(后果)”。] 8．A．frightening B．regretful C．annoying D．shameful A　[根据上文的描述，并结合常识可知，2岁的小女孩在树林里走丢，这是令人害怕的经历。故选A项frightening“可怕的，令人害怕的，吓人的”。regretful“遗憾的，后悔的，失望的”；annoying“使生气的”；shameful“可耻的，丢脸的”。] 9．A．shape B．mind C．order D．faith A　[根据上文的“The missing...safe and sound except some slight injuries”可知，失踪的两岁小女孩最终在森林中被发现，除了一些轻伤外，安然无恙。故选A。in good shape“(身体)状况良好”；in good order“很整齐”；in good faith“诚心诚意”。] √ √ √ 10．A．risky B．remarkable C．traditional D．joyful B　[根据上文的描述和下文的“the efforts of everyone...thoughts during the search”可知，这次引人注目的营救是不同部门和整个社区合作的结果。故选B。risky“有风险的”；remarkable“非凡的，引人注目的”；traditional“传统的”；joyful“快乐的，令人愉快的”。] 11．A．respect B．cooperation C．balance D．discussion B　[参见上题解析。respect“尊重”；cooperation“合作”；balance“平衡”；discussion“讨论”。] √ √ 12．A．blessing B．kindness C．concern D．gratitude D　[根据空后的“for the efforts of everyone involved”可知，纽贝里县治安官办公室对所有相关人员的努力表达感激，故选D。blessing“祝福，赞同”；kindness“善良，宽容”；concern“担心，忧虑”；gratitude“感激，感谢”。] 13．A．offering B．praising C．advocating D．assessing A　[根据空后的their thoughts和常识可知，在搜救过程中，一些热心肠的人给出了他们的意见，故选A。offer“提供(东西或机会)，主动提出”；praise“赞扬，表扬”；advocate“提倡，支持”；assess“评估，评定(性质、质量)”。] √ √ 14．A．performance B．virtue C．recovery D．courage C　[该空与上文的“showed their relief”相呼应。他们对小女孩在家人照顾下的康复表示欣慰，故选C。performance“表演，演出”；virtue“美德，德行”；recovery“恢复，康复”；courage“勇气”。] 15．A．edited B．perfected C．conducted D．celebrated D　[根据空后的“as a heartwarming success story”可知，他们的英勇行为将在未来几年作为纽贝里县一个感人的成功故事被颂扬，故选D。edit“编辑，剪辑”；perfect“使完善，使完美，使完备”；conduct“执行”；celebrate“赞美，颂扬”。] $$