精品解析：广东省惠州市第一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题

惠州一中2027届高一寒假素养达标检测 (2月测) 高一年级 英语试卷 (时间120分钟, 满分120分) 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2.做选择题时，必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 3.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔，将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4.所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答，不按要求作答的答案无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分(共65分) 一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Boat Rentals in Vancouver Granville Island Boat Rentals, located in the heart of down town Vancouver, features the safest and most advanced lineup of boat rentals in Vancouver. It has served over half a million customers since it began renting boats in 1982. While exploring the sites Vancouver has offered, you can’t miss observing wildlife like seals (海豹), bald(秃的) eagles, sea birds along the way. Besides these, what sets us apart is the extensive selection of boat rentals we provide, varying from different models, capacities to reasonable prices. Boats in rental 16 feet boats Hourston Glascraft 18 feet boats GT Deluxe Bayliner Element Capacity 2-4 people 2-5 people 2-8 people Extras Bluetooth audio Bluetooth audio Open now, Bimini Top, Bluetooth Hourly rate (weekday) $60 $95 $130 Hourly rate (weekend) $70 $105 $140 4⁺ hour rate Weekday: $55/hr Weekend: $65/hr Weekday: $90/hr Weekend: $100/hr Weekday:$125/hr Weekend:$135/hr Guest Comments “…Thanks for the awesome instructions and patience. We had a great time! My 7 yr. old spotted a seal! My husband received a gift certificate for his 40th birthday…brilliant idea!…” —Sarah, Delta, Canada “…Great experience! The nicest most friendly staff I’ve ever met in Canada. The boat was nice and handled well. The price was very reasonable. Great way to get a different view of Vancouver. An absolute must try. Thanks guys!…” —Morten Bothmann, Copenhagen, Denmark 1. What is the biggest advantage of Granville Island Boat Rentals? A. Offering various boat rentals. B. Taking tourists to different sites. C. Ensuring the highest level of safety. D. Guiding visitors in wildlife observation. 2. How much does it cost to rent a boat accommodating 8 people for 5 hours on weekend? A. $ 350. B. $ 500. C. $ 700. D. $ 675. 3. What do Sara’s and Morten’s opinions have in common? A. Easily-controlled equipment. B. Well-received service. C. Reasonable boat rental price. D. Breathtaking scenery. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍Granville Island Boat Rentals游艇租赁信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“Besides these, what sets us apart is the extensive selection of boat rentals we provide, varying from different models, capacities to reasonable prices.(除此之外，使我们与众不同的是，我们提供了广泛的船只租赁选择，从不同的型号、容量到合理的价格不等。)”可知，Granville Island Boat Rentals的最大优势是租赁提供各种船只租赁服务。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由Boats in rental中表格最后一栏可知，“周末可容纳8人5小时的船”需要支付135*5=675。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Thanks for the awesome instructions and patience.(感谢您的指导和耐心。)”和最后一段“Great experience! The nicest, most friendly staff I’ve ever met in Canada. The boat was nice and handled well. (很棒的体验！这是我在加拿大见过的最好、最友好的员工。这艘船很好，操控也很好。)”可知，Sara和Morten都提到了服务周到。故选B项。 B Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which presented the ideal(理想的)high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school. “I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school,” said Elisha, Class of 2020. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems. In five years, will this still matter? It is hard looking at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to reflect (反思) and question if the problem matters in a long time. Briana, a high school teacher, said, “Now, I am in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.” High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. 4. Why did the author mention the two movies in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic of the passage. B. To explain what a high school friendship is. C. To recommend these two movies to readers. D. To attract readers’ attention to these two movies. 5. What did Elisha think of her “friends”? A. They made her unhappy. B. They cared about her behavior. C. They got along well with her. D. They were always worried about her. 6. Why did Briana think her friendship experiences shape her? A. She learned to play with her friends. B. She learned to make different friends. C. She learned to shape her friends’ minds. D. She learned to wear just like her friends. 7. What’s the passage mainly about? A. Failed friendships made teens worried. B. Good friendships greatly influenced teens. C. High school friendships help to shape teens. D. Friendships are difficult for teens to deal with, 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了高中的友谊会塑造青少年。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school.(事实上，一些高中友谊是真实而简单的；尽管如此，一些高中生还是会遇到一个惹麻烦的朋友。失败的友谊会给未来带来教训和经验。高中毕业后你会知道影响)”以及下文对高中友谊的论述推知，第一段提到这两部电影是为了引出本文的主题——高中的友谊塑造了青少年。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Elisha所说的话“I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school(我总是担心我的朋友们对我的看法。有时我的朋友会取笑我的穿着或我会做什么。我总是努力与他们相处融洽，但我意识到，一旦我高中毕业后不再与他们联系，我是多么高兴)”可知，Elisha认为她的“朋友”让她不开心。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Briana所说的话“I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people(我认为高中时的友谊经历塑造了我的身份，因为我学会了开放的心态，与各种各样的人交朋友)”可知，Briana认为她的友谊塑造了她是因为她学会了与各种各样的人交朋友。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school.(事实上，一些高中友谊是真实而简单的；尽管如此，一些高中生还是会遇到一个惹麻烦的朋友。失败的友谊会给未来带来教训和经验。高中毕业后你会知道影响)”和最后一段“High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned.(高中是你生活的一小部分，但它对你将成为谁和你将去哪里有着巨大的影响。朋友和关系有助于塑造你是谁，无论他们是好的还是坏的。带来教训，吸取教训)”可知，本文主要论述了高中的友谊能够帮助塑造青少年，无论好坏。故选C。 C Barbara Lakin, a former sweater designer living in New York, has breathed new life into special Barbies. She spends hundreds of hours in sewing (缝纫) unique and well-designed dresses for old Barbies that are donated by people who are supportive of her effort. The little girls who are going to get these toys are migrants, most of whom have traveled with their family for months to get to the US, usually escaping from poor economies and dangerous situations at home. Lakin knows it is hard to imagine what these children have gone through. She believes having a toy, especially for a child in these conditions, is really important. It’s something that can comfort them and something that they can hold close. While those toys will never take away the trauma they have experienced or the difficulties they still face at present, Lakin said the toys do make a great difference. It is more than just a Barbie toy; at least for a moment, these young migrants can be simply children again. She thinks that is particularly important to them. “I get a lot out of it, too,” Lakin said truly. “I personally like to hand them out because I love being able to say, ‘I made this for you’, and the smiles and the happiness they gave me. It’s moments like these that make it all worthwhile.” Lakin does her best to source Barbies and takes her creative process seriously, carefully sewing the Barbie’s clothes. She has given away nearly 20 Barbies so far, which are made up of toys in a variety of shapes and sizes, and she hopes people will donate more. “It shows these kids we care about them a lot and that we’re not just giving them sandwiches and water and essential clothes. It’s an extra special thing, and I think that they deserve it,” commented Lakin. 8 Who will most probably receive Lakin’s Barbie? A. Tanaka, a Japanese girl, who is crazy about Barbies. B. Olivia, an American girl, whose family suffers poverty. C. Talia, an Israeli girl, who is still experiencing dangerous situations at home. D. Yara, a Syrian girl, who moved to New York to avoid the harm from war. 9. The underlined word “trauma” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______ . A. disaster B. pleasure C. suffering D. stress 10. What does Lakin think of giving away the Barbies? A. It makes her a hero. B. It is well worth praising. C. It is a win-win behavior. D. It brings her much money. 11. Which of the following best describes Lakin? A. Patient. B. Serious. C. Grateful. D. Caring. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是纽约的一位前毛衣设计师Barbara Lakin如何通过自己的努力，为来美移民小女孩捐赠并亲手缝制芭比娃娃，为她们带去欢乐和安慰的故事。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The little girls who are going to get these toys are migrants, most of whom have traveled with their family for months to get to the US, usually escaping from poor economies and dangerous situations at home.(得到这些玩具小女孩都是移民，她们大多是为了逃避国内的贫困经济和危险情况，与家人一起旅行了几个月才来到美国。)”可知，Lakin的芭比娃娃主要是给那些逃离贫困和危险情况的移民小女孩，因此最有可能收到Lakin的芭比娃娃的是Yara，一个叙利亚女孩，她和家人搬到纽约以避免战争的伤害。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“The little girls who are going to get these toys are migrants, most of whom have traveled with their family for months to get to the US, usually escaping from poor economies and dangerous situations at home.(得到这些玩具的小女孩都是移民，她们大多是为了逃避国内的贫困经济和危险情况，与家人一起旅行了几个月才来到美国。)”，第二段“they have experienced(他们经历了)”和“or the difficulties they still face at present(或者他们目前仍然面临的困难)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“虽然这些玩具永远无法消除他们所经历的创伤或他们目前仍然面临的困难，但Lakin说，这些玩具确实会带来很大的不同”，划线词trauma的意思是“痛苦经历，创伤”，和suffering意思相近。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““I get a lot out of it, too,” Lakin said truly. “I personally like to hand them out because I love being able to say, ‘I made this for you’, and the smiles and the happiness they gave me. It’s moments like these that make it all worthwhile.”(“我也从中得到了很多，”Lakin真诚地说。“我个人喜欢把它们分发出去，因为我喜欢能够说，‘我为你做了这个’，以及它们给我带来的微笑和快乐。只有这样的时刻，一切才值得。”)”可知，Lakin认为赠送芭比娃娃是双赢的行为。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It shows these kids we care about them a lot and that we’re not just giving them sandwiches and water and essential clothes. It’s an extra special thing, and I think that they deserve it(这表明我们非常关心这些孩子，我们不只是给他们三明治、水和基本的衣服。这是一件特别的事情，我认为他们值得拥有它)”可知，Lakin是关心他人的，因此可用caring来描述Lakin。故选D。 D A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM)education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists. Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM, in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women, Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it. Reut said the idea to help foster young girls’ interest in science came to her during a lecture in a class she was taking on Psychology of Imagination. Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls’ persistence in a “sink or float” science game. The game itself was simple yet challenging: a computer screen projected a slide with an object in the center above a pool of water. Kids then had to predict whether the object would sink or float. She studied 240 four -to -seven -year -olds, because this is around the time kids first develop their sense of identity and capabilities. They were divided into two groups. Children in the “story” group learned about the successes and struggles of a gender -matched scientist before playing the game. Boys heard about Isaac Newton and girls were told about Marie Curie. Children in the “pretend” group were told to assume the identity of the scientist they just learned about. All kids played at least one round of the game. No matter what group they were in, girls got the answers right just as often as boys -nearly 70% of the time. Boys, however, didn’t really benefit from the stories or make-believe. Besides, girls pretending to be Dr. Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game, playing just as much as the boys did. Reut’s teacher Tamar Kushnir said, “Rather than merely hearing about role models, children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform. In other words, taking a few steps in the role model’s shoes, instead of merely observing her walk.” 12. Why did Reut design a “sink or float” science game? A. To handle the gender gap in STEM. B. To attach importance to STEM. C. To draw kids’ attention to STEM. D. To compare boys’ and girls’ persistence. 13. What can we infer from the sink-or-float game? A. Kids enjoyed listening to scientists’ stories. B. Boys avoided playing make-believe games. C. Girls performed as well as boys in science. D. Children followed Dr. Marie to explore science. 14. What is Tamar Kushnir’s attitude towards kids’ assuming identity as scientists? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Negative. 15. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Girls should get recognition like boys B. A fine example has boundless power for kids C. Girls can work on more science games D. Make-believe exercises benefit girls in STEM 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业方面的性别差距。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM, in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women, Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it.”（康奈尔大学的研究生Reut Shachnai对STEM领域的性别差距感到沮丧，在某些领域，男性雇员的数量至少是女性的三倍，他想为此做点什么。）和第三段“Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls’ persistence in a “sink or float” science game.”（Reut设计了一个实验来测试假设一个成功的科学家的角色是否会提高女孩在“下沉或漂浮”科学游戏中的毅力。）可知，Reut设计了一个“下沉或漂浮”的游戏，是为了解决在STEM领域存在的性别差距。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“No matter what group they were in, girls got the answers right just as often as boys -nearly 70% of the time.”（无论他们在哪个组，女孩的答对率都和男孩一样——接近70%。）和“Besides, girls pretending to be Dr. Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game, playing just as much as the boys did.”（此外，假装Marie博士的女孩在“下沉或漂浮”游戏中坚持的时间是男孩的两倍，玩得和男孩一样多。）可知，在游戏当中，女孩在科学方面的表现和男孩一样好。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段Tamar Kushnir说的话“Rather than merely hearing about role models, children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform. ”（孩子们可能会从积极地做他们看到的榜样所做的事情中受益，而不仅仅是听到关于榜样的事情。）可知，Tamar Kushnir认为孩子们扮演科学家角色会让他们从中受益，由此推知，作者对此持支持态度。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM)education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists.”（一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业生涯中的性别差距。）及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了科学角色扮演的练习有助于缩小女性在STEM的性别差距，对女性是有益的。故D项“假装练习在STEM方面对女孩有益”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。 二、阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Olympic medals are among the most respected honors in the sporting world, symbolizing not only athletic victory, but also the rich history, fine craftsmanship, and longstanding traditions of the Games. ____16____ Are they made entirely of gold, silver, and bronze? And what makes the Paris 2024 Olympic medals special? Originally, Olympic winners in 776 BCE were honored with olive wreaths (橄榄花环) rather than medals. The concept of medals as we know them today first emerged at the 1896 Athens Games. However, solid gold medals were no longer awarded after 1912. ____17____ As a result, the International Olympic Committee later updated the regulations regarding medal composition and design. Modern gold medals are primarily composed of 92.5% silver with a six-gram gold plating for appearance. ____18____ They contain at least 92.5% pure silver, and bronze medals consist of 95% copper and 5% zinc (锌). This mixture ensures the medals’ longevity and makes them cheaper. An Olympic gold medal may be worth over £500, but its value to athletes goes beyond its financial worth. ____19____ For instance, the 2012 London Olympics medals featured the River Thames and London skyline. Rio 2016 focused on sustainability by using leftover mirrors and X-ray plates. Tokyo 2020 medals, made from recycled electronics, emphasized technological innovation. For the Paris 2024 Olympics, the medals are particularly distinctive. Each features a hexagon (六边形) with the Paris 2024 logo on one side and Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, in front of the Eiffel Tower on the other. ____20____ As Thierry Reboul, creative director of Paris 2024, stated, “These medals offer athletes a physical piece of Paris to take home.” A. Pure gold is soft and easily damaged. B. When were these medals first introduced? C. Who is responsible for designing the medals? D. Silver medals by contrast, live up to their names. E. With these symbols, they honor the history of the Olympics. F. Unique to this year, the medals use metal from the Eiffel Tower. G. The design of medals reflects the host city’s distinct style and values. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了奥运会奖牌的历史、材质以及2024届伦敦奥运会奖牌的特点。 【16题详解】 根据空后“Are they made entirely of gold, silver, and bronze? And what makes the Paris 2024 Olympic medals special?(它们是用金、银和青铜制成的吗？是什么让 2024 年巴黎奥运会的奖牌与众不同？)”可知，后文提出了与奥运奖牌相关的问题，故此空应与后文排比，同样设问，且根据文章第二段内容“The concept of medals as we know them today first emerged at the 1896 Athens Games.(奖牌的概念首先出现在1896年雅典奥运会。)”可知，文章第二段在解释此空提出的问题，故B项“这些奖牌于什么时候首次引入的呢？”符合，故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据空前“However, solid gold medals were no longer awarded after 1912.(然而，自1912年后，不再颁发纯金牌。)”和空后“As a result, the International Olympic Committee later updated the regulations regarding medal composition and design.(结果，后来国际奥委会更新了关于金牌成分和设计的规则。)”可知，空前提到不再颁发纯金牌，空后又提出了关于金牌成分和设计规则的改变，故A项“纯金很软，容易损坏。”符合，承接前文不再颁发纯金牌的原因，又引出空后修改金牌的成分和设计的规则，故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据空前“Modern gold medals are primarily composed of 92.5% silver with a six- gram gold plating for appearance.(现代金牌主要由 92.5%的银和六克镀金组成。)”可知，空前解释了金牌的成分，且根据空后“They contain at least 92.5% pure silver(它们含有至少92.5%的纯银。)”可知，空后提出了银的成分，故D项“相比之下，银牌是名副其实的。”符合，与前文构成对比，金牌由 92.5%的银和六克镀金组成，相比之下，银牌是名副其实的，它们含有至少92.5%的纯银，且空后的They指代D项中的Silver medals，故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据空后“For instance, the 2012 London Olympics medals featured the River Thames and London skyline. Rio 2016 focused on sustainability by using leftover mirrors and X-ray plates. Tokyo 2020 medals, made from recycled electronics, emphasized technological innovation. (例如，2012年伦敦奥运会奖牌以泰晤士河和伦敦天际线为特色。2016年里约热内卢奥运会通过使用剩余的镜子和X光片来关注可持续发展。2020 年东京奥运会奖牌由回收电子产品制成，强调技术创新。)”可知，空后举例说明了每届奥运会奖牌的不同的设计，故G项“奖牌的设计反映了主办城市的风格和价值观”符合，位于本段句首，主题句，引出后文，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Each features a hexagon (六边形) with the Paris 2024 logo on one side and Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, in front of the Eiffel Tower on the other.(每枚奖牌都是六边形的，一边印有巴黎2024的标志，另一边印有希腊胜利女神耐克站在埃菲尔铁塔前的形象。)”可知，空前提到了伦敦奥运会的奖牌，故此空F项“今年的独特之处在于，奖牌使用的金属来自埃菲尔铁塔”符合，进一步介绍巴黎 2024 年奥运会奖牌的特点，故选F项。 三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tom and his best friend, Jack, were both nature enthusiasts. They loved exploring the great outdoors and had planned a two-day ___21___ in the mountains. They had ___22___ all the essentials, including a map, compass (指南针), first aid kit, and enough food. The first day’s daytime was ___23___. They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife. However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost. Despite using their compass, the thick forest and ___24___ affected their navigation (导航). Hearing ___25___ water, they discovered a river and decided to follow it, hoping for a campsite. The river was wider and faster than expected. They attempted to ___26___ via a fallen tree, but it broke under Tom’s ___27___, and he fell into the river, ___28___ by the current. Jack raced along the ___29___, eventually reaching Tom as the river calmed. Using a branch, he pulled Tom to safety. Wet and____30____, they made camp, starting a fire to dry off and warm up. They spent the night ____31____ their survival and the need to respect nature. The next day, a search and rescue team found them, having been reported ____32____ by their families. The experience had been ____33____, but it had also taught them a valuable ____34____ about the importance of being prepared and ____35____ the power of nature. 21. A. hike B. run C. play D. rest 22. A. stored B. forgotten C. ordered D. packed 23. A. uneventful B. worthless C. boring D. disappointing 24. A. danger B. wild C. equipment D. darkness 25. A. freezing B. deep C. rushing D. clear 26. A. swim B. cross C. fight D. jump 27. A. height B. weight C. size D. appearance 28. A. swept away B. burned out C. picked up D. taken over 29. A. forest B. bank C. path D. hill 30. A. excited B. energetic C. tired D. emotional 31. A. reflecting on B. concentrating on C. sticking to D. responding to 32. A. dangerous B. proud C. missing D. concerned 33. A. meaningful B. frightening C. individual D. beneficial 34. A. struggle B. journey C. lesson D. emergency 35. A. enjoying B. admiring C. ignoring D. respecting 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Tom和Jack一次户外徒步旅行中的冒险经历，包括准备、迷路、遇险、自救以及事后的反思和教训。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们热爱探索户外，并计划了一次为期两天的山地徒步旅行。A. hike徒步旅行；B. run跑；C. play玩；D. rest休息。根据上文“They loved exploring the great outdoors”以及下文“They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife.”可知，俩人计划了一次山地徒步旅行。故选A。 22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们打包了所有必需品，包括地图、指南针、急救包和足够的食物。A. stored存储；B. forgotten忘记；C. ordered订购、命令；D. packed打包。根据上文可知，俩人计划了一次山地徒步旅行；再根据空后“all the essentials, including a map, compass(指南针), first aid kit, and enough food”可推测，俩人计划了徒步旅行后，打包了徒步旅行的必需品。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天的白天平淡无奇。A. uneventful平淡无奇的；平静无事的；B. worthless无价值的；C. boring无聊的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据下文“They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife.”以及“However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost.”中的“however”可推测，第一天的白天一切顺利，没什么事情发生。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管使用了指南针，但茂密的森林和黑暗影响了他们的导航。A. danger危险；B. wild野外；C. equipment设备；D. darkness黑暗。根据上文“However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost.”可知，天黑后他们发现自己迷路了。再根据上文“the thick forest”可推测，森林和黑暗影响了导航。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到湍急的流水声，他们发现了一条河，并决定沿着它走，希望能找到一个露营地。A. freezing冰冷的；B. deep深的；C. rushing极速流动的、湍急的；D. clear清澈的、清楚的。根据下文“they discovered a river and decided to follow it, hoping for a campsite.”以及“The river was wider and faster than expected.”可推测，水流湍急。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A. swim游泳；B. cross穿过；C. fight战斗；D. jump跳。根据空后的“via a fallen tree”以及“he fell into the river”可推测，俩人是想通过一根倒下的树来过河。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A. height高度；B. weight重量；C. size尺寸；D. appearance外貌。根据下文“he fell into the river”以及常理可知，在Tom通过倒下的树过河的时候，由于自身的体重，树折断了，而Tom也掉入了河里。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A. swept away冲走；B. burned out烧尽；C. picked up捡起；D. taken over接管。根据空后的“by the current”以及下文“Jack raced along the ___9___ , eventually reaching Tom as the river calmed.”可推测，Tom落入水中后被水流冲走了。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jack沿着河岸奔跑，最终在河水平静下来时追上了Tom。A. forest森林；B. bank河岸；C. path小路；D. hill小山。根据上文可知，Tom过河的时候落入了水中。由此可知，Jack是沿着河岸奔跑，试图追上Tom从而救Tom。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们又湿又累，搭起了帐篷，生起火来烘干身体和取暖。A. excited兴奋的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. tired疲倦的；D. emotional情感的。根据上文内容可知，在徒步旅行的第一天晚上，俩人迷了路。而Tom不慎落水，Jack一路追随，最终救下了Tom。由此可推测，此时的俩人浑身湿透了，并且非常疲倦。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们整晚都在反思自己的生存经历以及尊重自然的重要性。A. reflecting on反思；B. concentrating on专注于；C. sticking to坚持；D. responding to回应。根据空后“their survival and the need to respect nature.”可推测，俩人一晚上都在反思这件事情，并意识到尊重自然的重要性。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，一个搜救队找到了他们，他们的家人已经报告了他们失踪。A. dangerous危险的；B. proud自豪的；C. missing丢失的；D. concerned担忧的。根据上文“The next day, a search and rescue team found them”中的“a search and rescue team”可推测，俩人的家人已经向搜救队报告了他们的失踪，并向搜救队求助。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A. meaningful有意义的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. individual个人的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文内容可知，俩人在森林中迷了路；而且Tom还落入水中。由此可知，这次经历是令人害怕的。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A. struggle挣扎；B. journey旅程；C. lesson教训、课程；D. emergency紧急情况。根据空后的“about the importance of being prepared and ___15___ the power of nature.”可推测，这件事给他们上了一课，得到了教训。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A. enjoying享受；B. admiring钦佩；C. ignoring忽视；D. respecting尊重。根据上文“They spent the night___11___their survival and the need to respect nature.”可推测，俩人认为人类需要尊重自然的力量。故选D。 第二部分 (共40分) 四、语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Patrick Sommier, a French theater director, is devoted to passing on the true meaning of Chinese operas to the French public. On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the ____36____ (establish) of international ties between China and France in 2004, Sommier was invited to work on a joint project to spread Peking Opera in France. “Ever since my arrival in China, I’ve been deeply fascinated by Chinese operas, just like many other Europeans,” says Sommier. “The beauty of Peking Opera ____37____ (seize) my heart over these years,” he continues, ____38____ (reflect) on the impact it has had on him during his entire stay. Recalling his first cooperation with the Chinese team, Sommier says he _____39_____ (impress) by the actors’ make-ups, costumes, ____40____ the characters of incredible strength then. He was also touched by the Chinese professors’ effort ____41____ (pass) their acting skill to their students by participating in acts with them. One professor explained, “In China, opera is an art ____42____ requires lifelong devotion. The effect of the performance ____43____ (large) depends on the actors’ inner strength.” Sommier began exploring into different performance forms and suggested introducing Chinese operas ____44____ the French audience. The team then gave some original performances, some without make-ups or costumes and some with students performing classics in a _____45_____ (tradition) way. 【答案】36. establishment 37. has seized 38. reflecting 39. was impressed 40. and 41. to pass 42. that##which 43. largely 44. to 45. traditional 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了法国戏剧导演Patrick Sommier对中国戏曲的热爱、他在中法文化交流中的贡献，以及他参与推广京剧项目的经历和感受。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：2004年，在中法建交40周年之际，Sommier受邀参与了一个在法国传播京剧的联合项目。由the和of可知，空格处用名词，句子表示“在中法建交40周年之际，Sommier受邀参与了一个在法国传播京剧的联合项目”，空格处意为“建立”，名词是establishment，是不可数名词，故填establishment。 【37题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这些年来，京剧的美一直抓住了我的心，”他继续说道，回忆起在他整个逗留期间京剧对他的影响。由over these years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语The beauty of Peking Opera是不可数名词，因此空格处是has seized。故填has seized。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“这些年来，京剧的美一直抓住了我的心，”他继续说道，回忆起在他整个逗留期间京剧对他的影响。句中谓语是has seized，空格处用非谓语动词，he和reflect之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填reflecting。 【39题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：回想起与中方团队的首次合作，Sommier表示，演员们的妆容、服饰以及他们所饰演的具有非凡力量的角色给他留下了深刻印象。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由后面的He was also可知，时态是一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he是单数，因此空格处是was impressed，故填was impressed。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：回想起与中方团队的首次合作，Sommier表示，演员们的妆容、服饰以及他们所饰演的具有非凡力量的角色给他留下了深刻印象。make-ups，costumes和the characters之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他还被中国教授们与学生同台演出，努力向学生传授表演技巧的行为所感动。effort后常跟动词不定式，作后置定语，故填to pass。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一位教授解释道：“在中国，戏曲是一门需要终身奉献的艺术。表演的效果很大程度上取决于演员的内在力量。”空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词art是艺术，因此空格处用关系代词that或which，故填that或which。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：一位教授解释道：“在中国，戏曲是一门需要终身奉献的艺术。表演的效果很大程度上取决于演员的内在力量。”空格处用副词largely修饰动词depends，largely意为“很大程度上”，故填largely。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：Sommier开始探索不同的表演形式，并建议将中国戏曲介绍给法国观众。introduce sth. to sb.是固定短语，意为“把……介绍给某人”，因此空格处用介词to，故填to。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随后，团队进行了一些原创表演，其中既有不化妆、不穿戏服的表演，也有学生以传统方式演绎经典的表演。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词way，tradition的形容词是traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。 五、词汇基础(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 根据下面各句所给的汉语提示或所给英语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式。 46. She liked to dance but felt ________ (令人尴尬的) if someone was watching her. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 【答案】awkward##embarrassed 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她喜欢跳舞，但如果有人看着她，她会觉得很尴尬。分析句子可知，“felt”为系动词，后应接形容词作表语，句子主语“She”代指人，根据汉语提示“令人尴尬的”可知，空格处可用“awkward”，意为“令人尴尬的”，形容词词性，或用“embarrassed”，意为“尴尬的”，形容词词性，修饰人。故填awkward/embarrassed。 47. Many elderly people expressed a strong __________ (prefer) for living in their hometown. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】preference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多老年人表示更喜欢住在自己的家中。本空用名词preference“喜爱，偏爱”，作expressed的宾语。故填preference。 48. I have great __________ (admire) for his courage in battling the disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admiration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我非常钦佩他与疾病作斗争的勇气。空处作have的宾语，结合“for his courage”可知，admire的名词形式admiration符合题意，意为“钦佩，欣赏”，不可数，短语have admiration for意为“钦佩，敬仰”。故填admiration。 49. We need to work harder to remain ___________ (有竞争力的) with students from other prestigious high schools. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】competitive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们需要更加努力，以保持与其他名校学生的竞争力。remain后跟形容词作表语，“有竞争力的”的形容词是competitive，故填competitive。 50. The book Little Prince is w _____________ reading a second time. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】worth##orth 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：《小王子》这本书值得再读一遍。由The book Little Prince可知，句子表示“《小王子》这本书值得再读一遍”，空格处意为“值得的”，用形容词作表语，由首字母提示w可知，应用worth。故填worth。 51. While most other animals, including fish, hunt their prey by _____________ (方式) of their eyesight, sharks hunt basically by smell. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】means 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：大多数其他动物，包括鱼，都是靠视力捕食猎物，而鲨鱼则主要靠嗅觉。由by和of可知，“方式”是means，by means of是固定短语，意为“通过，借助于”，因此空格处是means。故填means。 52. A _____________ (balance) diet provides the body with essential nutrients, which includes proteins,vitamins, fats, and etc. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】balanced 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：均衡的饮食为身体提供必需的营养，包括蛋白质、维生素、脂肪等。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词diet，由“provides the body with essential nutrients, which includes proteins,vitamins, fats”可知，空格处意为“均衡的”，用形容词balanced。故填balanced。 53. She made an ____________ (尝试) to persuade him to give up smoking, but failed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】attempt 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她试图说服他戒烟，但失败了。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词attempt，an后跟可数名词的单数形式，作宾语，make an attempt to do是固定短语，意为“试图做某事”。故填attempt。 54. Experience is _____________ (同样地) as valuable as theory. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】equally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：经验和理论一样有价值。空格处用副词修饰形容词valuable，“同样地”的副词是equally，故填equally。 55. As the saying goes, money is a good servant but a bad m _____________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】master##aster 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：俗话说，金钱是好仆人，却是坏主人。由“As the saying goes, money is a good servant but a bad”可知，句子表示“俗话说，金钱是好仆人，却是坏主人”，空格处意为“主人”，由首字母提示m可知，是master，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填master。 六、句子基础(共6题；每小空1分，满分15分) 根据括号里的汉语提示补全下面的句子，每空一词。 56. I just expect to be ________ ________ (不被打扰) when I’m working on important projects. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. left ②. alone 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和被动语态。句意：我只是希望在做重要项目的时候不被打扰。“不打扰某人”是leave sb. alone，“我”是希望不被打扰，空格处用被动语态，空前有be动词，因此空格处是left alone。故填left，alone。 57. England ________ ________ (构成) over 80% of the UK population. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. makes ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：英格兰占英国人口的80%以上。“构成”是固定短语make up，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语England是不可数名词，因此make用第三人称单数，故填makes，up。 58. She recommended I ________ ________ ________ (报名) the English drama course. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. sign ②. up ③. for 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意：她建议我报读英语戏剧课程。“报名”是固定短语sign up for，recommend意为“建议”，其后的that宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略，因此sign用原形，故填sign，up，for。 59. Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then ________ ________ ________ (提出建议) for how the buildings could be saved. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. made ②. a ③. proposal 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：专家们调查了这个问题，进行了几次测试，然后就如何保护这些建筑提出了建议。该空为并列谓语，根据汉语提示可知短语为make a proposal，根据上文谓语investigated和conducted可知为一般过去时。故填made a proposal。 60. Fan Zhendong has ________ ________ ________ (参加) numerous competitions, and most notably, he won the Olympics gold medal in 2024. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. taken ②. part ③. in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：樊振东参加过许多比赛，最值得注意的是，他获得了2024年奥运会的金牌。“参加”是固定短语take part in，由has可知，时态是现在完成时，take用过去分词，因此空格处是taken part in。故填taken，part，in。 61. The Amazon rainforest is ________ ________ (被称为) as the “lungs of the earth”. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. referred ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：亚马逊雨林被称为“地球之肺”。“被称为”是固定短语be referred to as，空前有is，空后有as，因此空格处是referred to。故填referred，to。 第三部分(共15分) 七、应用文写作(共15分) 62. 假定你是李华，寒假在美国华盛顿学习，得知当地的美术馆下个月要举办关于敦煌文化的数字展览。该数字展览目前正在招志愿者，请给该美术馆写一封电子邮件，申请志愿者一职，要点如下： 1.写信目的； 2.个人优势； 3.希望得到回复。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：招募 recruit；展览 exhibition Dear Sir or madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or madam, I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student currently studying in the United States. Hearing that a digital exhibition about the Dunhuang culture will be held in the local art gallery next month, I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer for it. To begin with, I have participated in quite a few similar activities, which equips me with relevant experience to settle potential problems. Besides, being a fluent English speaker also allows me to offer assistance to visitors who are unfamiliar with the Dunhuang culture. If accepted, I would be able to introduce the unique culture to people in a more vivid way. I’d appreciate it if you could consider my application. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国华盛顿的美术馆写一封电子邮件，申请成为敦煌文化的数字展览的志愿者。 【详解】1.词汇积累 另外：besides→moreover 提供：offer→provide 考虑：consider→take...into account 参加：participate in→take part in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student currently studying in the United States. 拓展句： I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student who is currently studying in the United States. 【点睛】[高分句型1] To begin with, I have participated in quite a few similar activities, which equips me with relevant experience to settle potential problems. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Besides, being a fluent English speaker also allows me to offer assistance to visitors who are unfamiliar with the Dunhuang culture. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 惠州一中2027届高一寒假素养达标检测 (2月测) 高一年级 英语试卷 (时间120分钟, 满分120分) 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2.做选择题时，必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 3.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔，将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4.所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答，不按要求作答的答案无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分(共65分) 一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Boat Rentals in Vancouver Granville Island Boat Rentals, located in the heart of down town Vancouver, features the safest and most advanced lineup of boat rentals in Vancouver. It has served over half a million customers since it began renting boats in 1982. While exploring the sites Vancouver has offered, you can’t miss observing wildlife like seals (海豹), bald(秃的) eagles, sea birds along the way. Besides these, what sets us apart is the extensive selection of boat rentals we provide, varying from different models, capacities to reasonable prices. Boats in rental 16 feet boats Hourston Glascraft 18 feet boats GT Deluxe Bayliner Element Capacity 2-4 people 2-5 people 2-8 people Extras Bluetooth audio Bluetooth audio Open now, Bimini Top, Bluetooth Hourly rate (weekday) $60 $95 $130 Hourly rate (weekend) $70 $105 $140 4⁺ hour rate Weekday: $55/hr Weekend: $65/hr Weekday: $90/hr Weekend: $100/hr Weekday:$125/hr Weekend:$135/hr Guest Comments “…Thanks for the awesome instructions and patience. We had a great time! My 7 yr. old spotted a seal! My husband received a gift certificate for his 40th birthday…brilliant idea!…” —Sarah, Delta, Canada “…Great experience! The nicest, most friendly staff I’ve ever met in Canada. The boat was nice and handled well. The price was very reasonable. Great way to get a different view of Vancouver. An absolute must try. Thanks guys!…” —Morten Bothmann, Copenhagen, Denmark 1. What is the biggest advantage of Granville Island Boat Rentals? A. Offering various boat rentals. B. Taking tourists to different sites. C. Ensuring the highest level of safety. D. Guiding visitors in wildlife observation. 2. How much does it cost to rent a boat accommodating 8 people for 5 hours on weekend? A. $ 350. B. $ 500. C. $ 700. D. $ 675. 3. What do Sara’s and Morten’s opinions have in common? A Easily-controlled equipment. B. Well-received service. C. Reasonable boat rental price. D. Breathtaking scenery. B Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which presented the ideal(理想的)high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school. “I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school,” said Elisha, Class of 2020. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems. In five years, will this still matter? It is hard looking at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to reflect (反思) and question if the problem matters in a long time. Briana, a high school teacher, said, “Now, I am in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.” High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. 4. Why did the author mention the two movies in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic of the passage. B. To explain what a high school friendship is. C. To recommend these two movies to readers. D. To attract readers’ attention to these two movies. 5. What did Elisha think of her “friends”? A. They made her unhappy. B. They cared about her behavior. C. They got along well with her. D. They were always worried about her. 6. Why did Briana think her friendship experiences shape her? A. She learned to play with her friends. B. She learned to make different friends. C. She learned to shape her friends’ minds. D. She learned to wear just like her friends. 7. What’s the passage mainly about? A. Failed friendships made teens worried. B. Good friendships greatly influenced teens. C. High school friendships help to shape teens. D. Friendships are difficult for teens to deal with, C Barbara Lakin, a former sweater designer living in New York, has breathed new life into special Barbies. She spends hundreds of hours in sewing (缝纫) unique and well-designed dresses for old Barbies that are donated by people who are supportive of her effort. The little girls who are going to get these toys are migrants, most of whom have traveled with their family for months to get to the US, usually escaping from poor economies and dangerous situations at home. Lakin knows it is hard to imagine what these children have gone through. She believes having a toy, especially for a child in these conditions, is really important. It’s something that can comfort them and something that they can hold close. While those toys will never take away the trauma they have experienced or the difficulties they still face at present, Lakin said the toys do make a great difference. It is more than just a Barbie toy; at least for a moment, these young migrants can be simply children again. She thinks that is particularly important to them. “I get a lot out of it, too,” Lakin said truly. “I personally like to hand them out because I love being able to say, ‘I made this for you’, and the smiles and the happiness they gave me. It’s moments like these that make it all worthwhile.” Lakin does her best to source Barbies and takes her creative process seriously, carefully sewing the Barbie’s clothes. She has given away nearly 20 Barbies so far, which are made up of toys in a variety of shapes and sizes, and she hopes people will donate more. “It shows these kids we care about them a lot and that we’re not just giving them sandwiches and water and essential clothes. It’s an extra special thing, and I think that they deserve it,” commented Lakin. 8. Who will most probably receive Lakin’s Barbie? A. Tanaka, a Japanese girl, who is crazy about Barbies. B. Olivia, an American girl, whose family suffers poverty. C. Talia, an Israeli girl, who is still experiencing dangerous situations at home. D. Yara, a Syrian girl, who moved to New York to avoid the harm from war. 9. The underlined word “trauma” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______ . A. disaster B. pleasure C. suffering D. stress 10. What does Lakin think of giving away the Barbies? A. It makes her a hero. B. It is well worth praising. C. It is a win-win behavior. D. It brings her much money. 11. Which of the following best describes Lakin? A. Patient. B. Serious. C. Grateful. D. Caring. D A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM)education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists. Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM, in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women, Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it. Reut said the idea to help foster young girls’ interest in science came to her during a lecture in a class she was taking on Psychology of Imagination. Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls’ persistence in a “sink or float” science game. The game itself was simple yet challenging: a computer screen projected a slide with an object in the center above a pool of water. Kids then had to predict whether the object would sink or float. She studied 240 four -to -seven -year -olds because this is around the time kids first develop their sense of identity and capabilities. They were divided into two groups. Children in the “story” group learned about the successes and struggles of a gender -matched scientist before playing the game. Boys heard about Isaac Newton and girls were told about Marie Curie. Children in the “pretend” group were told to assume the identity of the scientist they just learned about. All kids played at least one round of the game. No matter what group they were in, girls got the answers right just as often as boys -nearly 70% of the time. Boys, however, didn’t really benefit from the stories or make-believe. Besides, girls pretending to be Dr. Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game, playing just as much as the boys did. Reut’s teacher Tamar Kushnir said, “Rather than merely hearing about role models, children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform. In other words, taking a few steps in the role model’s shoes, instead of merely observing her walk.” 12. Why did Reut design a “sink or float” science game? A. To handle the gender gap in STEM. B. To attach importance to STEM. C. To draw kids’ attention to STEM. D. To compare boys’ and girls’ persistence. 13. What can we infer from the sink-or-float game? A. Kids enjoyed listening to scientists’ stories. B. Boys avoided playing make-believe games. C. Girls performed as well as boys in science. D. Children followed Dr. Marie to explore science. 14. What is Tamar Kushnir’s attitude towards kids’ assuming identity as scientists? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Negative. 15. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Girls should get recognition like boys B. A fine example has boundless power for kids C. Girls can work on more science games D. Make-believe exercises benefit girls in STEM 二、阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Olympic medals are among the most respected honors in the sporting world, symbolizing not only athletic victory, but also the rich history, fine craftsmanship, and longstanding traditions of the Games. ____16____ Are they made entirely of gold, silver, and bronze? And what makes the Paris 2024 Olympic medals special? Originally, Olympic winners in 776 BCE were honored with olive wreaths (橄榄花环) rather than medals. The concept of medals as we know them today first emerged at the 1896 Athens Games. However, solid gold medals were no longer awarded after 1912. ____17____ As a result, the International Olympic Committee later updated the regulations regarding medal composition and design. Modern gold medals are primarily composed of 92.5% silver with a six-gram gold plating for appearance. ____18____ They contain at least 92.5% pure silver, and bronze medals consist of 95% copper and 5% zinc (锌). This mixture ensures the medals’ longevity and makes them cheaper. An Olympic gold medal may be worth over £500, but its value to athletes goes beyond its financial worth. ____19____ For instance, the 2012 London Olympics medals featured the River Thames and London skyline. Rio 2016 focused on sustainability by using leftover mirrors and X-ray plates. Tokyo 2020 medals, made from recycled electronics, emphasized technological innovation. For the Paris 2024 Olympics, the medals are particularly distinctive. Each features a hexagon (六边形) with the Paris 2024 logo on one side and Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, in front of the Eiffel Tower on the other. ____20____ As Thierry Reboul, creative director of Paris 2024, stated, “These medals offer athletes a physical piece of Paris to take home.” A. Pure gold is soft and easily damaged. B. When were these medals first introduced? C. Who is responsible for designing the medals? D. Silver medals by contrast, live up to their names. E. With these symbols, they honor the history of the Olympics. F. Unique to this year, the medals use metal from the Eiffel Tower. G The design of medals reflects the host city’s distinct style and values. 三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tom and his best friend, Jack, were both nature enthusiasts. They loved exploring the great outdoors and had planned a two-day ___21___ in the mountains. They had ___22___ all the essentials, including a map, compass (指南针), first aid kit, and enough food. The first day’s daytime was ___23___. They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife. However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost. Despite using their compass, the thick forest and ___24___ affected their navigation (导航). Hearing ___25___ water, they discovered a river and decided to follow it, hoping for a campsite. The river was wider and faster than expected. They attempted to ___26___ via a fallen tree, but it broke under Tom’s ___27___, and he fell into the river, ___28___ by the current. Jack raced along the ___29___, eventually reaching Tom as the river calmed. Using a branch, he pulled Tom to safety. Wet and____30____, they made camp, starting a fire to dry off and warm up. They spent the night ____31____ their survival and the need to respect nature. The next day, a search and rescue team found them, having been reported ____32____ by their families. The experience had been ____33____, but it had also taught them a valuable ____34____ about the importance of being prepared and ____35____ the power of nature. 21. A. hike B. run C. play D. rest 22. A. stored B. forgotten C. ordered D. packed 23. A. uneventful B. worthless C. boring D. disappointing 24. A. danger B. wild C. equipment D. darkness 25. A. freezing B. deep C. rushing D. clear 26. A. swim B. cross C. fight D. jump 27. A. height B. weight C. size D. appearance 28. A. swept away B. burned out C. picked up D. taken over 29. A. forest B. bank C. path D. hill 30. A. excited B. energetic C. tired D. emotional 31. A. reflecting on B. concentrating on C. sticking to D. responding to 32. A. dangerous B. proud C. missing D. concerned 33. A. meaningful B. frightening C. individual D. beneficial 34 A. struggle B. journey C. lesson D. emergency 35. A. enjoying B. admiring C. ignoring D. respecting 第二部分 (共40分) 四、语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Patrick Sommier, a French theater director, is devoted to passing on the true meaning of Chinese operas to the French public. On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the ____36____ (establish) of international ties between China and France in 2004, Sommier was invited to work on a joint project to spread Peking Opera in France. “Ever since my arrival in China, I’ve been deeply fascinated by Chinese operas, just like many other Europeans,” says Sommier. “The beauty of Peking Opera ____37____ (seize) my heart over these years,” he continues, ____38____ (reflect) on the impact it has had on him during his entire stay. Recalling his first cooperation with the Chinese team, Sommier says he _____39_____ (impress) by the actors’ make-ups, costumes, ____40____ the characters of incredible strength then. He was also touched by the Chinese professors’ effort ____41____ (pass) their acting skill to their students by participating in acts with them. One professor explained, “In China, opera is an art ____42____ requires lifelong devotion. The effect of the performance ____43____ (large) depends on the actors’ inner strength.” Sommier began exploring into different performance forms and suggested introducing Chinese operas ____44____ the French audience. The team then gave some original performances, some without make-ups or costumes and some with students performing classics in a _____45_____ (tradition) way. 五、词汇基础(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 根据下面各句所给的汉语提示或所给英语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式。 46. She liked to dance but felt ________ (令人尴尬的) if someone was watching her. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 47. Many elderly people expressed a strong __________ (prefer) for living in their hometown. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. I have great __________ (admire) for his courage in battling the disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. We need to work harder to remain ___________ (有竞争力的) with students from other prestigious high schools. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. The book Little Prince is w _____________ reading a second time. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. While most other animals, including fish, hunt their prey by _____________ (方式) of their eyesight, sharks hunt basically by smell. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. A _____________ (balance) diet provides the body with essential nutrients, which includes proteins,vitamins, fats, and etc. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. She made an ____________ (尝试) to persuade him to give up smoking, but failed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Experience is _____________ (同样地) as valuable as theory. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. As the saying goes, money is a good servant but a bad m _____________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 六、句子基础(共6题；每小空1分，满分15分) 根据括号里的汉语提示补全下面的句子，每空一词。 56. I just expect to be ________ ________ (不被打扰) when I’m working on important projects. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 57. England ________ ________ (构成) over 80% of the UK population. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 58. She recommended I ________ ________ ________ (报名) the English drama course. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 59. Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then ________ ________ ________ (提出建议) for how the buildings could be saved. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 60. Fan Zhendong has ________ ________ ________ (参加) numerous competitions, and most notably, he won the Olympics gold medal in 2024. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 61. The Amazon rainforest is ________ ________ (被称为) as the “lungs of the earth”. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第三部分(共15分) 七、应用文写作(共15分) 62. 假定你是李华，寒假在美国华盛顿学习，得知当地的美术馆下个月要举办关于敦煌文化的数字展览。该数字展览目前正在招志愿者，请给该美术馆写一封电子邮件，申请志愿者一职，要点如下： 1.写信目的； 2.个人优势； 3.希望得到回复。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：招募 recruit；展览 exhibition Dear Sir or madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$