精品解析：湖南省长沙市中加学校2024-2025学年九年级下学期入学考试英语试卷

初三年级英语寒假作业检测 时量：100分钟 满分：100分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What are Gina's new friends like? A. They're creative. B. They're serious. C. They're outgoing. 2. What's in Kelvin's schoolbag? A. A coin. B. A dictionary. C. A cap. 3. What does Steve think is important for a movie? A The story. B. The characters. C. The director. 4. Who invented the machine? A. A farmer. B. A student. C. A businessman. 5. What are they talking about? A. Women's jobs. B. Women's worries. C. Women's shoes. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面6段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两到三个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听第六段材料，回答第6、7小题。 6. What will Bob talk about in his English speech? A. A mystery. B. Body language. C. National treasure 7. When did Bob get up this morning? A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00. 听第七段材料，回答第8、9小题。 8. When is the birthday of Victor's sister? A. This Tuesday. B. Next Friday. C. Next Thursday. 9. What color does Victor's sister like best? A. Green. B. Black. C. Silver. 听第八段材料，回答第10、11小题。 10. Why did Nick come to China? A. For traveling. B. For a music festival. C. For an exchange program. 11. What will Nick probably do next? A. Join his friend. B. Drink some coffee. C. Have a sleep. 听第九段材料，回答第12-14小题。 12. What test will Luke take next Tuesday? A. The chemistry test. B. The math test. C. The history test. 13. Where is the girl every Saturday? A. At school. B. In a cinema. C. in the library. 14. What will the speakers do next weekend? A. Have a picnic. B. Watch a movie. C. Go to a park. 听第十段材料，回答第15-17小题。 15. Why does the woman go to the Music Hall? A. To have a meeting. B. To attend a concert. C. To take a lesson. 16. Where is the Music Hall? A. It is behind a library. B. It is next to a post office. C. It is across from a restaurant. 17. How will the woman go to the Music Hall probably? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 听第十一段材料，回答第18-20小题。 18. What languages did Mr. Kim learn after leaving school? A. German and French. B. Japanese and French. C. Japanese and German. 19. When did Mr. Kim get his first computer? A. In 2020. B. In 2010. C. In 2022. 20. What is Mr. Kim's next plan? A. His next plan is to visit a new place. B. His next plan is to translate a new book. C. His next plan is to learn a new language. 第二部分 阅读（共三节，计40分） 第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Three villages in China have been named Best Tourism Villages 2024. This is an honor given by the World Tourism Organization to villages around the world that have made efforts to develop their tourism industry. Here is a simple introduction of them. Place Huangling Village Xiajiang Village Zhujiawan Village Location (地理位置) Jiangxi Province Zhejiang Province Shaanxi Province Introduction It is known for the special classic Hui-style buildings. One of its most famous places is Huangling Academy (书院). It has become a village with modern agricultural industrial park (农业产业) and is famous for its “red culture”. The village plans to become a nationally natural “reception hall” (接待厅) for the Qinling mountains. 1. Which village is in northwest China? A. Huangling Village. B. Xiajiang Village. C. Zhujiawan Village. 2. On which website can we know more about these villages? A. www. cntour. cn. B. www. kidscare. cn. C. www. movienews. cog. B After a busy morning, lunch can provide the energy you need, but sometimes it also makes you feel sleepy at your desk. It’s normal to feel tired after lunch. This is because when humans eat, most of our blood goes to the digestive organs (消化器官) to process the food. It’s not a big deal, but feeling tired can make it hard to focus on the rest of your studies. Here’s why, and how to improve the situation. A common reason for feeling tired after a meal is eating too much. Some people overeat instead of stopping when they feel full. Not eating breakfast can also lead to overeating later in the day. People who feel very tired after a meal can consider slowing down their eating and eating less. If you don’t get enough sleep, your body will increase production of ghrelin, which tells your brain it’s time to “feed you”. Not getting enough rest can also have a bad influence on your decision-making skills and a brain area that controls food intake (摄入), making it harder for you to turn down delicious foods. So make sure you sleep for eight to ten hours every night. 3. Which is TRUE according to Paragraph 2 and 3? A. You could avoid being tired by not eating breakfast. B. Some people may not stop eating when they are full. C. Feeling tired after having lunch is rather uncommon. 4. Which of the following food may not make people tired? A. B. C. 5. What does the underlined word “ghrelin” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 睡眠素 B. 消瘦素 C. 饥饿素 6. According to the passage, which could be the best title? A. Tired after Eating B. Tired after Working C. Tired after Sleeping C On a boat near Costa Rica (哥斯达黎加), a team of biologist is helping a turtle, which is having trouble breathing. And the team discovers why—there is something inside its nose. A scientist tries to extract (取出) the object, but the turtle cries in pain. Finally, after eight minutes, a long object is pulled out: It is a 10-centimeter plastic straw. The video of the turtle’s rescue (救援) has been posted on YouTube. It has attracted tons of attention to the growing problem: The world’s seas are full of plastic. Since 2000, the plastic production has been increased all around the world, but we only recycle less than one-fifth of it. A lot of this plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Most of this plastic will never biodegrade (生物降解). This ocean plastic hurts millions of sea animals every year. Some fish eat plastic because it is covered with sea plants, and it looks and smells like food. “In some cases, eating sharped pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even cause death,” says biologist Matthew Savoca. Plastic is useful to people because it is strong and lasts a long time—but this is bad for sea animals who eat or get stuck in it. According to Savoca, “Single-use” plastics are the worst. These items are used only once before we throw them away. Such as straws, water bottles, and plastic bags. About 700 sea species have been caught in or have eaten this kind of plastic. Luckily, the turtle was sent back into the ocean. How will plastic affect sea animals in the future? “I think we’ll know the answers in 5 to 10 years’ time,” says Debra Lee Magadini from Columbia University. But by then, another 25 million tons of plastic will already be in the ocean. 7. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By showing writer’s opinions. B. By giving an example. C. By listing numbers. 8. The second paragraph is mainly about ______. A. how many people have watched the rescue B. how long people have used plastic products C. how serious the plastic pollution is in the ocean 9. Why are the seas full of plastic waste? A. Because sea animals consume (消耗) plastic. B. Because more plastic is produced than recycled. C Because plastic can be biodegraded in the sea quickly. 10. What can we know from the text? A. “Single-use” is people’s favorite. B. Plastic waste can even cause death to sea animals. C The ocean’s plastic problem will be solved in a decade. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 Watching wild animals makes us pleased, cheers us up, and sometimes even makes us frightened (害怕的). ___11___ Wild geese, for example, teach a very good lesson about teamwork. In fall, Canada’s wild geese fly south to get away from Canada’s cold winter weather. They lift off in no order. Yet very quickly they form a “V” shape, with one bird leading the flock (鸟群). Scientists have discovered that wild geese flying in a “V” shape can help them to save energy. In this way, they can fly 70 percent farther without rest than those flying alone. What can humans learn from this? ____12____ We have found that wild geese make sound in flight to encourage those that have fallen behind to keep up with the speed. Team members should communicate with each other while working towards a common goal. Take turns. The wild goose out in front has the hardest job as it has to break up the air currents (气流). When it gets tired, it moves behind, and another goose moves to the front. By sharing the role, the flock can travel very far. Teams can get advantages from the same idea. ____13____ Set a good example. When wild geese are on the ground, if something frightens the leader, it might fly off. So does the flock. But if the leader stays calm, the flock will do the same. ___14___ When leading, we must remember that our actions and feelings will be passed on to our followers. Whether it is in our personal lives or our work, we need other people. ___15___ If we face the difficulties alone, the risks are greater. Like wild geese, when we work together, our burdens (负担) are lighter. A. Be an encourager. B. We are encouraged by their energy. C. But do you know they can teach us? D. Wild geese and people usually learn from their leaders. E. Based on their experience and skills people can take turns sharing the leadership role. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Roberta appeared on the stage (舞台). She took a deep breath and began to speak. Now she was Portia, a strong-willed character in Shakespeare’s (莎士比亚) The Merchant of Venice. The theater was filled with people. She was speaking with a power she had never had before, the words coming ___16___ from her. In fact, Roberta had never acted in her life before the audition (选拔试镜). She ___17___ being in front of other people. She was very shy at school. She had never thought she was good enough at anything. She stayed mostly with ___18___, making few friends. She had good grades, but she always thought that something was ___19___. Two weeks before the audition, Roberta’s mother had heard about it and ___20___ her to join in. “I can’t think of anyone else better to play the part. Remember all the plays you used to act out for us.” Her mother wouldn’t let the matter drop. “You’re just a little scared. Everyone gets scared. You know you can do it. The key is to ___21___ the fear and find the love of what you’re doing.” So Roberta went to see the head of the Drama Club. She had read the play and found herself excited by the idea of speaking such rich words. In secret she practiced Portia’s part, learning the lines by heart by ___22___ them over and over. It wasn’t hard, and she loved every minute of it. Every time she spoke the words, she had a ___23___ understanding of the lines, as if Shakespeare had written Portia on many levels. On the day of the audition, she ___24___ two of Portia’s famous speeches for the auditors. When she had finished, the head of the Drama Club announced the ___25___ was hers, she knew she had made it. 16. A. normally B. exactly C. smoothly 17. A. hated B. enjoyed C. regretted 18. A. himself B. herself C. themselves 19. A. amazing B. missing C. important 20. A. forced B. requested C. encouraged 21. A. deal with B. come up with C. agree with 22. A. treating B. checking C. repeating 23. A. awful B. new C. basic 24. A. planned B. performed C. practiced 25. A. part B. drama C. speech 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Your glasses are foggy (有雾的) when you go into a warm classroom in winter. And this makes it difficult for you to see things ___26___ (clear). There are different kinds of products in the market. But none of them provides a great way ___27___ (solve) this problem. A few months ago, a team of researchers ___28___ (develop) a gold-based anti-fog coating (金基防雾涂层). It could be used on a surface. ___29___ (it) purpose was to stop it from fogging by using heat from the sunlight. Now this technology is used on glasses. The coating gets energy from sunlight and uses ___30___ energy to heat up the surface and increase its temperature by 8℃. Because of the heating, no fog is formed on the glasses. Actually, it is also a low-cost technology though the coating is made of gold. According to the researchers, very little gold ___31___ (require) to develop the coating. For a pair of common size glasses, the cost of gold is so cheap ___32___ almost everyone can afford it. Is the kind of glasses perfect? It still needs improving. The coating requires lots of sunlight to work. It depends too much ___33___ the enough sunlight. And it is very thin. However, it makes things much ___34___ (simple) for people who wear glasses, especially for those who keep working outside. The technology can also be used on the glass of car windows, diving ___35___ (mask) and so on. 第四部分 读写综合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Inner painting, a kind of traditional Chinese art, is marked as a national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). Inner painting artists traditionally create works on the inner surface of the glass bottle by using special fine brushes that can enter the tiny bottles. It has a long history and is mainly divided into four major schools: Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, and Guangdong. When we look at the inner painting of an object, we experience an indescribable beauty. Patterns on the painting often symbolize people’s wishes for good luck and a happy life. The most marketable ones are landscapes (风景), followed by flowers and birds. The production of inner painting is difficult as it requires high precision (精确). Besides, the process of painting is totally reversed (反向的). During painting, there is no room for corrections. And a shaky hand leads to mistakes. Only those skilled and confident in their abilities can paint well. Most artists need to learn inner painting for years before creating great and fine pieces. Even if they already know how to paint, they need to practice drawing lines from the beginning when they start inner painting. Inner painting has its advantages due to its uniqueness (独特性), but it also faces challenges such as limited market needs, and a shortage of learners and talented artists to drive its development. Luckily, today’s artists are trying to make inner painting more included in our lives. It is now used on everyday objects, like tea sets and folding screens. One of the artists invented a new type of brush, which improved the speed of drawing. Some young artists are making use of social media to help more people learn about inner painting skills. Looking ahead to the future, the inner painting artists wish the art to be more available to the public, and win high market acceptance. They also hope inner painting courses can be offered at school for young people to take. 36. Where do inner painting artists traditionally create their works? ___________________________________________________________ 37. What do patterns on the inner painting often express? ___________________________________________________________ 38. Why is the production of inner painting difficult? ___________________________________________________________ 39. How are some young artists helping more people learn about inner painting skills? ___________________________________________________________ 40 What’s the passage about? ___________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 41. 从书法篆刻、绘画、戏剧，再到服装、建筑、烹饪和刺绣等都吸引着大批年轻人。越来越多的年轻人不仅热衷于购买国货，还热衷于传承中国传统文化。请你根据以下要点提示，以“How to Pass Down Chinese Culture”为题，写一篇英语短文。 1. 介绍2个你最感兴趣的含中国元素的文化形式；martial arts (武术); Chinese painting; the Great Wall … 2. 为什么要传承中国文化；(the pride of Chinese people; the precious wealth of world culture …) 3. 如何传承中国文化。(protect; introduce Chinese culture in a modern way …) 要求： 1. 80词左右； 2. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名； 3. 要求条理清楚，语意连贯，字迹工整，可适当发挥。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 初三年级英语寒假作业检测 时量：100分钟 满分：100分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What are Gina's new friends like? A. They're creative. B. They're serious. C. They're outgoing. 2. What's in Kelvin's schoolbag? A. A coin. B. A dictionary. C. A cap. 3. What does Steve think is important for a movie? A. The story. B. The characters. C. The director. 4. Who invented the machine? A. A farmer. B. A student. C. A businessman. 5. What are they talking about? A. Women's jobs. B. Women's worries. C. Women's shoes. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面6段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两到三个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听第六段材料，回答第6、7小题。 6 What will Bob talk about in his English speech? A. A mystery. B. Body language. C. National treasure 7. When did Bob get up this morning? A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00. 听第七段材料，回答第8、9小题。 8. When is the birthday of Victor's sister? A. This Tuesday. B. Next Friday. C. Next Thursday. 9. What color does Victor's sister like best? A. Green. B. Black. C. Silver. 听第八段材料，回答第10、11小题。 10. Why did Nick come to China? A. For traveling. B. For a music festival. C. For an exchange program. 11. What will Nick probably do next? A. Join his friend. B. Drink some coffee. C. Have a sleep. 听第九段材料，回答第12-14小题。 12. What test will Luke take next Tuesday? A. The chemistry test. B. The math test. C. The history test. 13. Where is the girl every Saturday? A. At school. B. In a cinema. C. in the library. 14. What will the speakers do next weekend? A. Have a picnic. B. Watch a movie. C. Go to a park. 听第十段材料，回答第15-17小题。 15. Why does the woman go to the Music Hall? A. To have a meeting. B. To attend a concert. C. To take a lesson. 16. Where is the Music Hall? A. It is behind a library. B. It is next to a post office. C. It is across from a restaurant. 17. How will the woman go to the Music Hall probably? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 听第十一段材料，回答第18-20小题。 18. What languages did Mr. Kim learn after leaving school? A. German and French. B. Japanese and French. C. Japanese and German. 19. When did Mr. Kim get his first computer? A. In 2020. B. In 2010. C. In 2022. 20. What is Mr. Kim's next plan? A. His next plan is to visit a new place. B. His next plan is to translate a new book. C. His next plan is to learn a new language. 第二部分 阅读（共三节，计40分） 第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Three villages in China have been named Best Tourism Villages 2024. This is an honor given by the World Tourism Organization to villages around the world that have made efforts to develop their tourism industry. Here is a simple introduction of them. Place Huangling Village Xiajiang Village Zhujiawan Village Location (地理位置) Jiangxi Province Zhejiang Province Shaanxi Province Introduction It is known for the special classic Hui-style buildings. One of its most famous places is Huangling Academy (书院). It has become a village with modern agricultural industrial park (农业产业) and is famous for its “red culture”. The village plans to become a nationally natural “reception hall” (接待厅) for the Qinling mountains. 1. Which village is in northwest China? A. Huangling Village. B. Xiajiang Village. C. Zhujiawan Village. 2. On which website can we know more about these villages? A. www. cntour. cn. B. www. kidscare. cn. C. www. movienews. cog. 【答案】1. C 2. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国三个被世界旅游组织评为2024年最佳旅游村的村庄。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据地理位置一栏可知，篁岭村在江西省，下姜村在浙江省，朱家湾村在陕西省，其中陕西省在中国西北部。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。本文介绍了中国三个被世界旅游组织评为2024年最佳旅游村的村庄，在旅游网站上我们能了解更多关于这些村庄的信息。故选A。 B After a busy morning, lunch can provide the energy you need, but sometimes it also makes you feel sleepy at your desk. It’s normal to feel tired after lunch. This is because when humans eat, most of our blood goes to the digestive organs (消化器官) to process the food. It’s not a big deal, but feeling tired can make it hard to focus on the rest of your studies. Here’s why, and how to improve the situation. A common reason for feeling tired after a meal is eating too much. Some people overeat instead of stopping when they feel full. Not eating breakfast can also lead to overeating later in the day. People who feel very tired after a meal can consider slowing down their eating and eating less. If you don’t get enough sleep, your body will increase production of ghrelin, which tells your brain it’s time to “feed you”. Not getting enough rest can also have a bad influence on your decision-making skills and a brain area that controls food intake (摄入), making it harder for you to turn down delicious foods. So make sure you sleep for eight to ten hours every night. 3 Which is TRUE according to Paragraph 2 and 3? A. You could avoid being tired by not eating breakfast. B. Some people may not stop eating when they are full. C. Feeling tired after having lunch is rather uncommon. 4. Which of the following food may not make people tired? A. B. C. 5. What does the underlined word “ghrelin” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 睡眠素 B. 消瘦素 C. 饥饿素 6. According to the passage, which could be the best title? A. Tired after Eating B. Tired after Working C. Tired after Sleeping 【答案】3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们饭后常感到困倦的原因和解决办法。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“A common reason for feeling tired after a meal is eating too much. Some people overeat instead of stopping when they feel full.”可知，有些人吃饱后可能不会停止进食。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据“A common reason for feeling tired after a meal is eating too much … People who feel very tired after a meal can consider slowing down their eating and eating less.”可知，吃得过饱或不吃早餐都是感到困倦的成因，饭后感到非常疲倦的人可以考虑放慢进食速度，少吃。选项C为蔬菜，量少健康，符合题意。故选C。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“If you don’t get enough sleep, your body will increase production of ghrelin, which tells your brain it’s time to ‘feed you’.”可知，如果睡眠不足，会告诉你的大脑是时候“喂养你”了，所以身体增加的是饥饿素的产生，ghrelin意为“饥饿素”。故选C。 【6题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“After a busy morning, lunch can provide the energy you need, but sometimes it also makes you feel sleepy at your desk.”“Here’s why, and how to improve the situation.”并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了人们饭后常感到困倦的原因和解决办法。A选项“饭后疲倦”是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 C On a boat near Costa Rica (哥斯达黎加), a team of biologist is helping a turtle, which is having trouble breathing. And the team discovers why—there is something inside its nose. A scientist tries to extract (取出) the object, but the turtle cries in pain. Finally, after eight minutes, a long object is pulled out: It is a 10-centimeter plastic straw. The video of the turtle’s rescue (救援) has been posted on YouTube. It has attracted tons of attention to the growing problem: The world’s seas are full of plastic. Since 2000, the plastic production has been increased all around the world, but we only recycle less than one-fifth of it. A lot of this plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Most of this plastic will never biodegrade (生物降解). This ocean plastic hurts millions of sea animals every year. Some fish eat plastic because it is covered with sea plants, and it looks and smells like food. “In some cases, eating sharped pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even cause death,” says biologist Matthew Savoca. Plastic is useful to people because it is strong and lasts a long time—but this is bad for sea animals who eat or get stuck in it. According to Savoca, “Single-use” plastics are the worst. These items are used only once before we throw them away. Such as straws, water bottles, and plastic bags. About 700 sea species have been caught in or have eaten this kind of plastic. Luckily, the turtle was sent back into the ocean. How will plastic affect sea animals in the future? “I think we’ll know the answers in 5 to 10 years’ time,” says Debra Lee Magadini from Columbia University. But by then, another 25 million tons of plastic will already be in the ocean. 7. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By showing writer’s opinions. B. By giving an example. C. By listing numbers. 8. The second paragraph is mainly about ______. A. how many people have watched the rescue B. how long people have used plastic products C. how serious the plastic pollution is in the ocean 9. Why are the seas full of plastic waste? A. Because sea animals consume (消耗) plastic. B. Because more plastic is produced than recycled. C. Because plastic can be biodegraded in the sea quickly. 10. What can we know from the text? A. “Single-use” is people’s favorite. B. Plastic waste can even cause death to sea animals. C. The ocean’s plastic problem will be solved in a decade. 【答案】7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要通过海龟误食塑料的例子来说明海洋里充满了塑料垃圾及它们所带来的危害。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“On a boat near Costa Rica (哥斯达黎加), a team of biologist is helping a turtle, which is having trouble breathing. And the team discovers why—there is something inside its nose.”“Finally, after eight minutes, a long object is pulled out: It is a 10-centimeter plastic straw.”可知，第一段以一组生物学家救助一只呼吸困难的海龟，发现海龟是因为误食一根10厘米的塑料吸管，以此为例引出了下文海洋里充满了塑料垃圾及它们所带来的危害，通过举例子引出话题。故选B。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“It has attracted tons of attention to the growing problem: The world’s seas are full of plastic.”及本段内容可知，第二段主要讲述了海洋中的塑料污染有多严重。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Since 2000, the plastic production has been increased all around the world, but we only recycle less than one-fifth of it. A lot of this plastic waste ends up in the ocean.”可知，因为生产的塑料多于回收的塑料，很多塑料垃圾最终进入大海，从而使得海洋里充满了塑料垃圾。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据“In some cases, eating sharped pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even cause death”可知，塑料垃圾甚至会导致海洋动物的死亡。故选B。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 Watching wild animals makes us pleased, cheers us up, and sometimes even makes us frightened (害怕的). ___11___ Wild geese, for example, teach a very good lesson about teamwork. In fall, Canada’s wild geese fly south to get away from Canada’s cold winter weather. They lift off in no order. Yet very quickly they form a “V” shape, with one bird leading the flock (鸟群). Scientists have discovered that wild geese flying in a “V” shape can help them to save energy. In this way, they can fly 70 percent farther without rest than those flying alone. What can humans learn from this? ____12____ We have found that wild geese make sound in flight to encourage those that have fallen behind to keep up with the speed. Team members should communicate with each other while working towards a common goal. Take turns. The wild goose out in front has the hardest job as it has to break up the air currents (气流). When it gets tired, it moves behind, and another goose moves to the front. By sharing the role, the flock can travel very far. Teams can get advantages from the same idea. ____13____ Set a good example. When wild geese are on the ground, if something frightens the leader, it might fly off. So does the flock. But if the leader stays calm, the flock will do the same. ___14___ When leading, we must remember that our actions and feelings will be passed on to our followers. Whether it is in our personal lives or our work, we need other people. ___15___ If we face the difficulties alone, the risks are greater. Like wild geese, when we work together, our burdens (负担) are lighter. A. Be an encourager. B. We are encouraged by their energy. C. But do you know they can teach us? D. Wild geese and people usually learn from their leaders. E. Based on their experience and skills, people can take turns sharing the leadership role. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. E 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过观察野鹅的行为，向我们展示了团队合作的重要性，包括沟通、轮流承担领导责任、树立好榜样以及鼓励他人。这些教训不仅适用于野生动物，也适用于人类社会。 【11题详解】 根据“Watching wild animals makes us pleased, cheers us up, and sometimes even makes us frightened”提出野生动物可能使人产生负面情绪，“Wild geese, for example, teach a very good lesson about teamwork.”又提出野生动物可以教导人类团队写作，可知本句是一个过渡句，用来引导读者思考野生动物是否有能帮助到人地方，比如说能教人类什么道理，选项C“但是你知道它们能教给我们什么吗？”符合语境，故选C。 【12题详解】 根据下文“We have found that wild geese make sound in flight to encourage those that have fallen behind to keep up with the speed.”可知，野鹅群中有一个鼓励者，它可以发生声音来引导落后鹅加快速度，选项A“做一个鼓励者。”符合语境，故选A。 【13题详解】 根据“By sharing the role, the flock can travel very far. Teams can get advantages from the same idea.”可知，野鹅在飞行过程中会进行轮班来节省体力飞得更远，这一点人类也可以学。选项E“基于他们的经验和技能，人们可以轮流分享领导角色。”符合语境，故选E。 【14题详解】 根据“When wild geese are on the ground, if something frightens the leader, it might fly off. So does the flock. But if the leader stays calm, the flock will do the same.”可知，无论是野鹅还是羊群，如果领导者被吓跑，那么追随者也会逃跑，追随者的行为通常是和领导学的，领导需要做好榜样，选项D“野鹅和人类通常都会向领导学习。”符合语境，故选D。 【15题详解】 根据“Whether it is in our personal lives or our work, we need other people...If we face the difficulties alone, the risks are greater. Like wild geese, when we work together, our burdens (负担) are lighter.”可知，人们在生活和工作中都需要和其他人一起合作，并且能从其他人那里汲取力量。选项B“我们被他们的活力所鼓舞。”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Roberta appeared on the stage (舞台). She took a deep breath and began to speak. Now she was Portia, a strong-willed character in Shakespeare’s (莎士比亚) The Merchant of Venice. The theater was filled with people. She was speaking with a power she had never had before, the words coming ___16___ from her. In fact, Roberta had never acted in her life before the audition (选拔试镜). She ___17___ being in front of other people. She was very shy at school. She had never thought she was good enough at anything. She stayed mostly with ___18___, making few friends. She had good grades, but she always thought that something was ___19___. Two weeks before the audition, Roberta’s mother had heard about it and ___20___ her to join in. “I can’t think of anyone else better to play the part. Remember all the plays you used to act out for us.” Her mother wouldn’t let the matter drop. “You’re just a little scared. Everyone gets scared. You know you can do it. The key is to ___21___ the fear and find the love of what you’re doing.” So Roberta went to see the head of the Drama Club. She had read the play and found herself excited by the idea of speaking such rich words. In secret she practiced Portia’s part, learning the lines by heart by ___22___ them over and over. It wasn’t hard, and she loved every minute of it. Every time she spoke the words, she had a ___23___ understanding of the lines, as if Shakespeare had written Portia on many levels. On the day of the audition, she ___24___ two of Portia’s famous speeches for the auditors. When she had finished, the head of the Drama Club announced the ___25___ was hers, she knew she had made it. 16. A. normally B. exactly C. smoothly 17. A. hated B. enjoyed C. regretted 18. A. himself B. herself C. themselves 19. A. amazing B. missing C. important 20. A. forced B. requested C. encouraged 21. A. deal with B. come up with C. agree with 22. A. treating B. checking C. repeating 23. A. awful B. new C. basic 24. A. planned B. performed C. practiced 25. A. part B. drama C. speech 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了Roberta战胜恐惧赢得角色的故事。 【16题详解】 句意：她说起话来充满了前所未有的力量，字正腔圆。 normally正常地；exactly精确地；smoothly流畅地。根据“the words coming...from her.”可知，此处表示她话语流畅，smoothly意为“流畅地”，符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：她讨厌出现在别人面前。 hated讨厌；enjoyed喜欢；regretted后悔。根据下文“She was very shy at school. She had never thought she was good enough at anything.”可知，她在学校非常害羞。她从不认为自己在任何方面都足够优秀。因此可推断，她讨厌出现在别人面前。hated意为“讨厌”，符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：她主要和自己待在一起，很少交朋友。 himself他自己；herself她自己；themselves他们自己。根据本句主语为“She”可知，此处应用反身代词“她自己”，故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：她的成绩很好，但她总觉得少了点什么。 amazing令人惊讶的；missing失踪的，丢失的；important重要的。根据“She had good grades, but she always thought that something was...”可知，此处表达她虽然成绩很好，可是她总觉得少点什么。missing意为“丢失的”，在句中作表语，符合语境，故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：试镜前两周，Roberta的母亲听说了这件事，鼓励她参加试镜。 forced强迫；requested要求；encouraged鼓励。根据下文倒数第三段“Her mother wouldn’t let the matter drop. “You’re just a little scared. Everyone gets scared.”可知，她的妈妈一直在鼓励她，encouraged sb to do意为“鼓励某人做某事”，符合语境，故选C。 【21题详解】 句意：关键是要克服恐惧，找到对所从事工作的热爱。 deal with处理，应对；come up with想出；agree with同意。根据“The key is to...the fear”可知，此处指克服恐惧，deal with意为“处理，应对”，符合语境，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：她偷偷练习Portia的角色，一遍又一遍地背诵台词。 treating对待，治疗；checking检查；repeating重复。根据“ learning the lines by heart by...them over and over.”可知，此处指重复背台词。repeating意为“重复”，符合语境，故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：她每说一句话，都会对台词有新的理解，就好像莎士比亚从多个层面写了Portia 。 awful糟糕的；new新的；basic基础的。根据“Every time she spoke the words, she had a...understanding of the lines,”可知，她每说一句话，都会对台词有新的理解。new意为“新的”，作定语，符合语境，故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：试镜当天，她为试镜者表演了Portia的两段著名演讲。 planned计划；performed表演；practiced练习。根据“she...two of Portia’s famous speeches for the auditors.”可知，她表演了两段演讲。performed意为“表演”，符合语境，故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：当她演完之后，戏剧社社长宣布这个角色是她的，她知道自己成功了。 part角色；drama戏剧；speech演讲。根据“the head of the Drama Club announced the...was hers, she knew she had made it.”可知，她赢得了这个角色，part意为“角色”，符合语境，故选A。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Your glasses are foggy (有雾的) when you go into a warm classroom in winter. And this makes it difficult for you to see things ___26___ (clear). There are different kinds of products in the market. But none of them provides a great way ___27___ (solve) this problem. A few months ago, a team of researchers ___28___ (develop) a gold-based anti-fog coating (金基防雾涂层). It could be used on a surface. ___29___ (it) purpose was to stop it from fogging by using heat from the sunlight. Now this technology is used on glasses. The coating gets energy from sunlight and uses ___30___ energy to heat up the surface and increase its temperature by 8℃. Because of the heating, no fog is formed on the glasses. Actually, it is also a low-cost technology though the coating is made of gold. According to the researchers, very little gold ___31___ (require) to develop the coating. For a pair of common size glasses, the cost of gold is so cheap ___32___ almost everyone can afford it. Is the kind of glasses perfect? It still needs improving. The coating requires lots of sunlight to work. It depends too much ___33___ the enough sunlight. And it is very thin. However, it makes things much ___34___ (simple) for people who wear glasses, especially for those who keep working outside. The technology can also be used on the glass of car windows, diving ___35___ (mask) and so on. 【答案】26. clearly 27. to solve 28. developed 29. Its 30. the 31. is required 32. that 33. on 34. simpler 35. masks 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的金基防雾涂层技术，这种技术可以应用于眼镜等表面以防止起雾。尽管这种技术成本低廉，但仍有改进空间。 【26题详解】 句意：并且这使得你很难看清楚东西。根据“And this makes it difficult for you to see things...”可知，空格处应填副词修饰动词see，故填clearly。 【27题详解】 句意：但是市场上没有一种产品能提供一个解决这个问题的好方法。根据“a great way...this problem”可知本题考查固定搭配way to do sth.，故空格处应填不定式，故填to solve。 【28题详解】 句意：几个月前，一组研究人员开发了一种金基防雾涂层。根据“A few months ago, a team of researchers...a gold-based anti-fog coating”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，空格处为本句谓语动词，应用一般过去时态，故填developed。 【29题详解】 句意：它的目的是利用太阳光的热量防止起雾。根据“...purpose was to stop it from fogging by using heat from the sunlight”可知，空格处应填形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词为its，意为“它的”，且位于句首首字母大写，故填Its。 【30题详解】 句意：涂层从太阳光中获取能量，并用这些能量加热表面，使其温度升高8℃。根据“The coating gets energy from sunlight and uses...energy to heat up the surface and increase its temperature by 8℃.”可知，空格处应填冠词修饰energy，且前文已经提到energy，所以空格处应用定冠词the表示特指，故填the。 【31题详解】 句意：研究人员表示，开发涂层所需的金非常少。根据“very little gold...to develop the coating”可知，本句空格处为谓语动词，主语为gold，是不可数名词，且结合全文时态可知，本句时态为一般现在时，故空格处应填动词的一般现在时第三人称单数。分析句意可知，此处应用被动语态，故填is required。 【32题详解】 句意：对于一副普通大小的眼镜，金的成本如此便宜，几乎每个人都能负担得起。根据“the cost of gold is so cheap...almost everyone can afford it”可知，本题考查固定句型so...that+从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，空格后为完整的句子，故填that。 【33题详解】 句意：它过于依赖充足的阳光。根据“It depends too much...the enough sunlight.”可知，本题考查固定搭配depend on，表示“依赖于……”，故填on。 【34题详解】 句意：然而，对于戴眼镜的人，尤其是那些一直在户外工作的人，它让事情变得更简单。根据“Is the kind of glasses perfect? It still needs improving...However, it makes things much...for people”可知，本题考查固定搭配make+sth.+形容词，意为“使某物……”，且前文提到这种眼镜并不完美，但是对于户外工作人员来说，这种眼镜有明显优势，它能让事情变得更简单，故空格处应填形容词比较级，故填simpler。 【35题详解】 句意：这项技术还可以用于汽车窗户玻璃、潜水面罩等。根据“The technology can also be used on the glass of car windows, diving...and so on.”可知，空格处应填名词，且表示复数含义，故填masks。 第四部分 读写综合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Inner painting, a kind of traditional Chinese art, is marked as a national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). Inner painting artists traditionally create works on the inner surface of the glass bottle by using special fine brushes that can enter the tiny bottles. It has a long history and is mainly divided into four major schools: Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, and Guangdong. When we look at the inner painting of an object, we experience an indescribable beauty. Patterns on the painting often symbolize people’s wishes for good luck and a happy life. The most marketable ones are landscapes (风景), followed by flowers and birds. The production of inner painting is difficult as it requires high precision (精确). Besides, the process of painting is totally reversed (反向的). During painting, there is no room for corrections. And a shaky hand leads to mistakes. Only those skilled and confident in their abilities can paint well. Most artists need to learn inner painting for years before creating great and fine pieces. Even if they already know how to paint, they need to practice drawing lines from the beginning when they start inner painting. Inner painting has its advantages due to its uniqueness (独特性), but it also faces challenges such as limited market needs, and a shortage of learners and talented artists to drive its development. Luckily, today’s artists are trying to make inner painting more included in our lives. It is now used on everyday objects, like tea sets and folding screens. One of the artists invented a new type of brush, which improved the speed of drawing. Some young artists are making use of social media to help more people learn about inner painting skills. Looking ahead to the future, the inner painting artists wish the art to be more available to the public, and win high market acceptance. They also hope inner painting courses can be offered at school for young people to take. 36. Where do inner painting artists traditionally create their works? ___________________________________________________________ 37. What do patterns on the inner painting often express? ___________________________________________________________ 38. Why is the production of inner painting difficult? ___________________________________________________________ 39. How are some young artists helping more people learn about inner painting skills? ___________________________________________________________ 40. What’s the passage about? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】36. On the inner surface of the glass bottle. 37. People’s wishes for good luck and a happy life. 38. Because it requires high precision. 39. By making use of social media./They are making use of social media. 40. Inner painting. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了被列为国家级非物质文化遗产的中国传统艺术——内画。 【36题详解】 根据“Inner painting artists traditionally create works on the inner surface of the glass bottle by using special fine brushes that can enter the tiny bottles.”可知，内画艺术家在玻璃瓶的内表面创作作品。故填On the inner surface of the glass bottle. 【37题详解】 根据“Patterns on the painting often symbolize people’s wishes for good luck and a happy life.”可知，画中的图案往往表达着人们对好运和幸福生活的祝愿。故填People’s wishes for good luck and a happy life. 【38题详解】 根据“The production of inner painting is difficult as it requires high precision (精确).”可知，内部涂装的生产很困难，因为它需要高精度。故填Because it requires high precision. 【39题详解】 根据“Some young artists are making use of social media to help more people learn about inner painting skills.”可知，一些年轻艺术家正在利用社交媒体帮助更多人学习内在绘画技巧。故填By making use of social media./They are making use of social media. 【40题详解】 阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了被列为国家级非物质文化遗产的中国传统艺术——内画。故填Inner painting. 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 41. 从书法篆刻、绘画、戏剧，再到服装、建筑、烹饪和刺绣等都吸引着大批年轻人。越来越多的年轻人不仅热衷于购买国货，还热衷于传承中国传统文化。请你根据以下要点提示，以“How to Pass Down Chinese Culture”为题，写一篇英语短文。 1. 介绍2个你最感兴趣的含中国元素的文化形式；martial arts (武术); Chinese painting; the Great Wall … 2. 为什么要传承中国文化；(the pride of Chinese people; the precious wealth of world culture …) 3. 如何传承中国文化。(protect; introduce Chinese culture in a modern way …) 要求： 1. 80词左右； 2. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名； 3. 要求条理清楚，语意连贯，字迹工整，可适当发挥。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： How to Pass Down Chinese Culture Nowadays, more and more Chinese young people are interested in Chinese culture. Of all the forms of Chinese culture, I like Chinese paper cutting and the Great Wall best. Chinese paper cutting has a history of over 1, 000 years. Using a pair of scissors, people cut red paper into different kinds of Chinese characters and animals. People regard them as a symbol of good luck, health and wealth. The Great Wall is one of the most famous landmarks in the world. Made of stone, brick, and other materials, it took many years to construct. Today, it is a symbol of China’s history and attracts millions of visitors every year. Through passing down Chinese culture, we can not only deepen our understanding of Chinese culture, but also gain a practical skill and a sense of beauty. In order to pass down Chinese culture, we should be strict with oneself both in study and behavior. And in our spare time, we should learn about Chinese culture. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以 “一般现在时” 为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示信息，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍2个最感兴趣的含中国元素的文化形式； 第二步，阐述为什么要传承中国文化； 第三步，如何传承中国文化。 [亮点词汇] ①different kinds of 不同种类的 ②regard … as …把……当作…… ③not only … but also …不仅……而且…… [高分句型] Using a pair of scissors, people cut red paper into different kinds of Chinese characters and animals.（现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$