专题20 情态动词(清单+专练)-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习知识清单

2025-02-28
| 2份
| 59页
| 975人阅读
| 104人下载
精品

资源信息

学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 情态动词
使用场景 中考复习-一轮复习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 899 KB
发布时间 2025-02-28
更新时间 2025-03-10
作者 学科网初英精品工作室
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2025-02-28
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/50721462.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

内容正文:

专题20 情态动词(清单+专练) 目录 ★知识点1 情态动词的分类和特点 1 ★知识点2 情态动词的用法 2 ★知识点3 考点和题型 7 ★专项过关训练题 9 ★知识点1 情态动词的分类和特点 情态动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,需和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,表明说话者对某一行为的态度和观点,主要包括揣测、判断、需要、可能、各种意愿等。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to 除外);情态动词后必须接动词原形。 1.常见的情态动词及其否定式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 can cannot can't could could not couldn't may may not might might not must must not mustn't shall shall no should should not shouldn't will will not won't would would not wouldn't need need not needn't have to do not have to don't have to ought to ought not to oughtn't to dare dare not daren't had better had better not d better not 2.情态动词的分类 类别 词汇 只作情态动词的词 must、may、might、ought to等 可作情态动词又可作实义动词的词 need、dare、can等 具有情态动词特征的词 have to、used to、ought to、had better 可作情态动词又可作助动词的词 shall (should)、will (would) 3.情态动词的特点 (1)情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。(have to除外) (2)情态动词后接动词原形。 (3)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词等形式。 (4)情态动词没有被动语态。 (5)情态动词不能单独作谓语,只能后接动词原形一起构成谓语;其否定形式构成是在情态动词后加not。(have to除外) (6)个别情态动词(can、may 、shall、will)的过去式一般用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气,时态性不强。 ★知识点2 情态动词的用法 1.常见情态动词的用法 情态动词 含义及用法 示例 can/ could 表示现在的能力,意为“能、会”, could为can的过去式。否定式can't/ couldn't,意为“不能,不会”。 I can cook simple meals.我能做简单的饭。 Sorry,I can’t follow you.Please say it again. 对不起,我不能跟你走。请再说一遍。 表示请求、允许,意为“可以”;当需要委婉表达时用could;回答用can或can't/ cannot。 —Can we eat in the classroom? 我们能在教室里吃饭吗? —No,we can’t. 不,我们不能。 表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中;can't表示否定推测,语气强烈,意为“不可能”。 That can’t be Tom.She has gone abroad. 那不可能是汤姆。她出国了。 must 表示主观语气,有必要或有义务去做某事,表示“必须、一定”。 You must finish the project by Monday. 你必须在周一前完成这个项目。 表示推测,意为“一定是”“准是”,指有根据的、比较有把握的推测。 He must be sleeping now. 他现在一定是在睡觉。 意为“非要、偏要”,表示气恼或愤怒。 Must you waste so much time? 你偏要浪费这么多时间吗? may 表示请求、许可,用来征求对方的意见,比can 更正式,肯定回答常用can,否定回答用mustn't/can't/ may not。 May I take your order? 你要点单了吗? 表示允许、同意某人做某事,此时可与can互换。 You may come if you wish. 如果你想来,你就来。 表示可能性,意为“也许、可能”。 His answer may be right. 他的回答可能是对的。 表示祝愿,在正式场合或书面语中表示祝愿时,常放在句首。 May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快! might may的过去式,常用于间接引语中。 She worried that I might be angry. 她担心我可能会生气。 表示请求、许可,语气比may委婉。 He asked if he might go home. 他问他是否可以回家。 表示不确定的推测,意为“可能”,可能性小于may,语气更委婉。 He told me he might be late. 他告诉我他可能会迟到。 need 意为“需要”;否定形式为needn’t,意为“不需要”。以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答needn’t或don’t have。 —Must I wash my clothes at once,Mom? 我必须马上洗衣服吗,妈妈? —No,you needn’t.You may wash them before 5:00 p.m. 不,你不需要。你可以在下午5点前清洗它们。 should 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝诫或建议,意为“应该”。 We should work hard to protect our world. 我们应该努力保护我们的世界。 表示提供或征求建议。 What should I do? 我该怎么办? Should I trust him? 我应该相信他吗? 表示做某事是正确或明智的,往往表示说话者的观点。 I think the young people should really respect their elders. 我认为年轻人真应当尊敬他们的长辈。 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句。 Should I take my temperature? 我要量体温吗? ought to 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝告诫或建议,意为“应该”。 You ought to be more careful next time. 下次你应该更小心才是。 表示根据一定的依据进行推测,意为“按道理说应该”。 She ought to pass her English exam. 她应该通过英语考试。 shall 用于主语是第一、三人称的疑问句时,表示请求或征求对方意见。 Shall I close the window?It's so cold. 我能关上窗户吗?太冷了。 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表示说话者的意图、决心、许诺、命令、警告、威胁等。 Those members of our club shall wear uniforms. 我们俱乐部的那些成员都要穿制服。 will/ would 表示请求对方做某事或提出建议和邀请(would比will语气更委婉、客气) Will you come with us? 你会和我们一起去吗? 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事,如意志、愿望或决心等。 I would like to go to the Tian anmen Square. 我想去天安门广场。 had better “最好”,表示劝告和建议。否定形式had better not,“最好不要”。 He had better stay in bed tomorrow. 他最好明天卧床休息。 have to 多表示客观必要,即客观要求(无奈)而为之,意为“不得不”,有人称、数和时态的变化。由have to构成的一般疑问句中,肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn’t 或don’t/ doesn’t have to。 —Dad,must I become a lawyer when I grow up? 爸爸,我长大以后一定要成为一名律师吗? —No,you don’t to.不,你不必。 dare 意为“敢于”,用作情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,但有过去式(dared)。主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。 She dare not speak in public. 她不敢在公共场合发言。 used to 意为“曾经”,表示过去常常做某事或曾经存在某种状态,used to后跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化;否定形式为usedn’t to或didn’t use to。 I used to go to a university in Chengdu. 我过去在成都的一所大学上学。 shall的口诀助记: shall二、三人称用,允诺、命令、要求加警告。 shall问句表征询,第一人称用得妙。 need的口诀助记: need 作情态动词, 此时不常用肯定; 其后直接跟动词, 多用疑问和否定。 need作实义动词,后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词,主动形式表被动。 知识拓展: “needn't have+过去分词” 表示“本不必做但实际上做了某事”。例如: We had plenty of bread,so I needn't have bought another loaf. 我们有许多面包,因此我本没有必要再买一条。 易混辨析: need后加 to do说明need为实义动词,需用助动词构成疑问句或否定句;need后加doing 表示被动意义;若need后加do,则need为情态动词。 易错警示: 1.由may或might引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用may/can;否定回答用can't/mustn't。例如: —May/Might I sit here?我可以坐在这儿吗? —Yes,you may/can./No,you can't/mustn't.是的,你可以。/不,你不能。 2.以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must/have to/has to;否定回答用needn't/don't have to/doesn't have to. 例如: —Must I finish the paper today?—今天我必须完成论文吗? —Yes,you must./No,you needn’t/don’t have to.—是的,你必须。/不,你不必。 3以 need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。 —Need I go to the company at once?我需要立刻去公司吗? —Yes,you must./No,you needn't.是的,你必须。/不,你不必。 4.could引导一般疑问句用于表示“请求许可”,回答时要用can,不能用could。例如: ——Could I use your pen?我可以用你的钢笔吗? —Yes,you can./No, you can't.是的,你可以。/不,你不可以。 ★中考真题 (宁夏中考题)—Could I use your eraser for a while?—Yes,of course you____。 A.could B.can C.will D.Should 【答案】B 【解析】分析题干,可发现这是could引导的一般疑问句,用于请求别人允许自己做某事,回答时要用can,因此选B。 2.常见的情态动词辨析 类别 用法 例句 can/could/ be able to的区别 can和could只能用于一般现在时或一般过去时,而be able to可用于各种时态;be able to可与情态动词连用,can则不能。 I could play football very well when I was at school,but now I can't. 我在学校的时候可以踢得很好,但现在我不能了。 I can/am able to afford the new computer. 我可以/负担得起这台新电脑。 can更侧重于表达主语本身就具备的能力,这种能力是内在的、固有的。而be able to则更侧重于描述通过努力或学习后获得的能力,或者是在某个具体条件下才能实现的可能性。 She can sing high notes naturally. 她天生就能唱高音。 After months of practice, he was finally able to play that complex piano piece. 经过几个月的练习,他终于能够弹奏那首复杂的钢琴曲了。 can和could表示能力、允许、许可或推测,但be able to只表示能力。 You can take this seat,if you want. 如果你愿意,你可以坐这个座位。 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to,这时was/were able to相当于managed to,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. 他在战争爆发前就已经逃离了欧洲。 =He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. must和have to的区别 must 只有现在时一种形式(在宾语从句中可以表示过去),而have to则有多种时态形式。 She said (that) she must go with me. 她说她一定要同我一起去。 They have had to buy a car. 他们不得不买了辆小汽车。 must意为“必须”时,表示主观需要或有必要做某事通常着重指说话者的主观看法;而have to表示因环境所迫而做某事,着重于客观需要,意为“不得不”。 It’s late. I have to go now. 时间晚了。我得走了。It’s late. I must go now. 时间很晚了。我必须走了。 must没有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式mustn’t,意为“不许,禁止”,have to有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式为don’t/ doesn’t have to,意为“不必”,相当于needn’t。 You mustn’t tell him about it. 你一定不要告诉他这件事。 You don’t have to tell him about it. 你不必告诉他这件事。 need 作实义动词时,主要用于肯定句中,有人称、时态和数的变化,后常接带to的不定式。其否定式和疑问式都要借助助动词do。 He needs some money to buy new clothes. 他需要一些钱来买新衣服。 dare 用作实义动词,有人称、时态和数的变化,意为“敢于”。肯定句中要跟带to的不定式,而在否定句或疑问句中to可要可不要。 I do not dare(to)complain about the hard work. (=I dare not complain about the hard work.) 我不敢抱怨工作辛苦。 ★知识点3 考点和题型 考点1情态动词辨析 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空 —Do I have to hand in my report now? We're going to discuss it. —Of course, you_______. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意:—我必须现在交我的报告吗?—当然了,你必须交。我们马上要讨论了。根据“We're going to discuss it.”可知,此处是肯定回答。由have to构成的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must;否定回答则用needn't或don't/doesn't have to。故选C。 步骤一:阅读题干,根据句子的意思判断空格需要填入的情态动词的意义。 步骤二:分析选项中情态动词的用法,结合上下文的语境判断选出正确答案。 考 点 2 情态动词填空 考查题型 单句填空、语篇填空 (2024·安徽芜湖·二模)When the zoo had to c________ (取消) the birthday celebrations for the giant pandas due to the bad weather, many visitors felt deeply disappointed. 【答案】(c)ancel 【解析】句意:由于天气恶劣,动物园不得不取消大熊猫的生日庆祝活动,许多游客深感失望。取消:cancel,have to do sth.“不得不做某事”。故填(c)ancel。 步骤一:若词汇未给出,先根据语法判断空处应填情态动词(情态动词后跟动词原形), 根据语境判断空处所需要的词的意义, 选择对应的情态动词;若词汇已给出,可以直接使用步骤二的方法。 步骤二:结合语境判断用情态动词的哪种形式, 并进行恰当地变形。 步骤三:将答案代入语境,再次验证答案是否正确。 ★专项过关训练题 题型一 单项选择 一、can (一)can表示能力/能够 1.(2025·上海虹口·一模)After some training, most dogs ________ follow simple commands like sit, stay or go. A.can B.should C.must D.need 2.(2025·上海静安·一模)Nowadays, people ________ easily turn to ChatGPT when facing something they don’t know. A.can B.should C.need D.must 3.(2025·上海徐汇·一模)Nobody ________ solve that complex case without gathering sufficient evidence. A.may B.can C.must D.need 4.(2024·上海长宁·二模)—Will you please stay here for another week? —Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to attend an important meeting. A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.can’t 5.(2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)With the help of modern technology, now people ________ enjoy the proudest moment when China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space. A.may B.can C.should D.must 6.(2024·江苏连云港·中考真题)Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems _________ be cured. A.can B.must C.should D.need (二)can表请求/许可 1.(2025·上海普陀·一模)Mom, ________ you buy me a new watch? The old one just stopped working. A.can B.need C.must D.may 2.(2024·北京·中考真题)— Bill, ________ I use your ruler? — Of course you can. Here you are. A.can B.must C.need D.should 3.(2024·北京·模拟预测)—Could I borrow the book after you finish reading it? —Of course, you ________. I’m sure you will like it. A.can B.would C.must D.might 4.(2024·北京平谷·二模)—________ you give me some suggestions on learning Chinese, Lin Tao? —Of course, I can. A.Need B.Can C.May D.Must 5. (2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy? — No problem. A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Need (三)can表示推测 1.(2025·四川成都·一模)—Look! Is that man Mr. Wang? —No, it ________ be him. He is on a tour in Guangzhou now. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.might 2.(2025·四川成都·一模)—Is that boy over there Andy? —No, it ________ be him. He won’t be back from a study tour until next Friday. A.might B.must C.can’t 3.(2024·上海嘉定·二模)—Do you think Emma is still studying at the library? It’s almost midnight. —She ________. The library closes at 9:30 p.m., and everyone has to leave by then. A.should be B.must be C.needn’t be D.can’t be 4.(2024·江苏扬州·一模)— Is Peter at home? — He _______ be at home. I just saw him in the supermarket. A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t 5.(2024·江苏宿迁·一模)— Look! Mr. Su is taking photos of his students. — It ______ be him. He has gone abroad for study. A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t 6.(2024·四川成都·一模)—Is that Miss Gao over there? —It ________ be her. She has gone to Beijing for a meeting. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must 7.(2024·四川成都·三模)—Is that girl Kate? —It __________ be her. She hasn’t been back from Shanghai so far. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t 8.(2024·四川成都·二模)—I heard that the concert would be put off. —It ________ be true. All the musicians are already in the music hall. A.can’t B.might C.must 二、could (一)could表示能力/能够 1.(2019·山东滨州·中考真题)—Mum, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake? —No, you ___________. That’s too dangerous! A.Should; can’t B.Need; mustn’t C.Must; needn’t D.Could; mustn’t 2.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)—Do you like poems? —Yes. I ________ read poems when I was 5. A.must B.can C.could (二)could表示委婉语气 1.(2025·上海长宁·一模)________ you open the door for me? I am carrying too many things. A.Must B.May C.Need D.Could 2.(24-25九年级上·福建福州·期末)—________ I have an ice cream, mom? —You’d better not. You have a cold now. A.Could B.Must C.Dare 3.(2024·北京东城·二模)—Lucy, _______ you come over to my house and work on our project together? —Yes, I would be happy to. A.must B.should C.could D.need 4.(2024·北京丰台·二模)—________ you pass the book to me? —No problem. A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need 5.(2024·陕西西安·二模)—_________ I borrow your dictionary? I left mine at home. —Sorry, I’m afraid you _________ because I’m using it. A.Could; can B.Could; can’t C.Must; can D.Must; can’t 6.(2024·河北唐山·三模)—________ you give me a hand? I can’t move the box by myself. —No problem. A.Must B.Need C.Should D.Could 7.(2024·河北石家庄·一模)—Could you go to the bookshop with me? —Sorry, I _________. I have to go home right after school. A.may B.must C.can’t D.needn’t (三)could表示推测 ★could表示推测 1.(2022·重庆渝中·模拟预测)—I called you last night at 9:30 and I believed you ________ be at home because no one answered the phone. —Sorry, I ________ at that time. A.mustn’t; would have been sleeping B.couldn’t; should have slept C.couldn’t; must have been sleeping D.might not; need have been slept 2.(22-23九年级上·湖南株洲·期末)It ________ be Lingling’s book, but I’m not sure. Liu Hui likes reading, too. A.can’t B.must C.could 3.The witness told the judge Tony ______ the thief who broke into the villa, because they were watching a movie together ______ that dark night. A.couldn’t be; on B.must be; on C.couldn’t be; in D.may be; in ★must表示推测、could表示推测 (2023·江西抚州·一模)—There is someone knocking on the door. I wonder who it ________ be. —It ________ be Frank. He phoned to tell me he would come to our home soon. A.must; must B.could; must C.might; can’t D.might; mustn’t 三、may (一)may表示请求/许可 1.(2024·上海杨浦·三模)—Mum, Jerry asked me to watch the ball game after school. Can I go along? —You _______, but be sure to get home before 10 o’clock. A.should B.would C.must D.may 2.(2023·上海浦东新·一模)I’d like to make something special for dinner. ______ I borrow your cookery book? A.Should B.Must C.Need D.May (二)may表示推测 1.(2024·四川泸州·中考真题)—Rebecca, have you decided what to do this Saturday? —Not yet. I ______ volunteer at the old people’s home. A.may B.must C.should D.would 2.(2024·天津·中考真题)It _________ be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices. A.may not B.mustn’t C.need D.should (三)may表示祝愿 1.She__________ at home now. A.may B.might C.may be D.maybe 2.May everything ______ well with you all. A.went B.go C.goes 四、might 1.(2025·四川成都·一模)—The paper cutting is pretty lively, who made it? —It ________ be Amy, but I’m not sure about that. A.might B.can’t C.must 2.(2025·上海嘉定·一模)The guide informed the visitors they ________ leave their bags at the reception if they preferred. A.might B.need C.must D.should 五、must (一)must表示必须 1.(2025·上海黄浦·一模)Visitors ________ sign in at the front desk for safety reasons before entering the building. A.must B.might C.can D.may 2.(2025·福建泉州·一模)Under the new rules, electric bike riders ________ wear helmets. A.can B.must C.may (二)must否定表示禁止 1.(2024·上海崇明·二模)You _________ go across the road when the red light is on. Everyone must obey the rule. A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t 2.(2024·江苏泰州·二模)—I’ve told you many times you _________ run the red light. The cars may hit you. —Sorry, I won’t do it again. A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t 3.(2024·山东青岛·一模)—Can children under 16 drive a car in China? —No, they ________. A.may not B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t (三)must表示推测 1.(2024·上海青浦·二模)Listen! Her voice is shaking while speaking. She ________ be very nervous. A.must B.need C.should D.can 2.(2024·江苏镇江·二模)—Who is knocking at the door? —It ________ be a delivery man (外卖小哥). I ordered some food online just now. A.can B.must C.should D.will (四)must表示“偏要,非得” 1.(2024·江苏无锡·一模)Everyone can be different from another, why ________ we all be the same? A.must B.can C.should D.may 2.(2024·江苏无锡·三模)Oh, come on, Zack! ________ you talk to me like that? I’m your mother after all. A.Can’t B.Can C.Mustn’t D.Must 六、shall 1.—________we go to the party at 5:00 p.m.? —Good idea! A.Shall B.Need C.Will 2.(22-23九年级下·福建福州·期中)—________ I turn on the lights? It’s getting dark. —Sure, go ahead. A.Must B.Shall C.Would 七、should (一)should表示建议 1.—Look at the sign, guys. You ________ talk loudly here. —Sorry, Sir, We won’t do it next time. A.don’t B.shouldn’t C.won’t D.needn’t 2.—Tom, you look tired. You had better ________ up late at night. —Yes, I ________ go to bed earlier. I’ll make sure to get enough sleep tonight. A.not to stay; must B.not staying; can C.not stay; should D.to not stay; need (二)should表示推测 1.(2021·江苏无锡·一模)—Will my car be ready by the end of the day? —It ________ be, sir. I’ll call if there’s any problem. A.must B.could C.shall D.should 2.(2023·江苏无锡·二模)—How is your tour around the lake? Is it beautiful? —It ________ be, but it is now seriously polluted. A.should B.might C.must D.can (三)should表示责任/义务 1.(2025·上海青浦·一模)Drivers ________ obey traffic rules to ensure the safety of themselves and others. A.can B.will C.might D.should 2.(2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测)—Shall we go now? —No. Mr. Henderson said that all of us _________ remain in our seats until all the reports have been collected. A.could B.might C.would D.should 八、will (一)will表示请求 1.—Don’t feed the animals any more, kids! It’s harmful to them. —Sorry, sir. We ________. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.needn’t 2. ________ you get me some paper, please? A.Shall B.May C.Need D.Will 3.Answering the phone while driving may lead to death, so ________do it. A.don’t B.can’t C.won’t D.mustn’t 九、would (一)would表示过去的意愿 1.(2022·湖北武汉·模拟预测)He pushed the door again and again, but it open. A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t 2.(2022·云南曲靖·一模)—Hey, boys! Do you know whom the running shoes belong to? —Hello, Mr. Clark. They ________ be Jessica’s. She often wears such shoes in our class. A.must B.can’t C.would D.needn’t (二)would表示委婉语气 1.(2024·上海杨浦·二模)—_________ you please pass the dish to me? —Certainly, no problem. A.Must B.Should C.May D.Would 2.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模)—Grandma, _______ you like me to help you carry the big box? —No, thanks. It is empty, so it’s not heavy at all. A.do B.will C.would 十、need 1.(2025·上海浦东新·一模)With the help of AI, people _______ spend much time searching for the information on their own. A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C. mustn’t D.can’t 2.(2024·上海奉贤·一模)—Jacky, I’m afraid it’s impossible for us to finish the project this afternoon. —Well, we ________ complete it today. It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow. A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t 十一、dare 1.(2025·福建三明·一模)—Kangkang, why do you seldom answer questions in English classes? —I want to, but I ________ not speak English in public. A.dare B.must C.shall 2.(23-24九年级上·福建宁德·期末)—I wonder why you seldom answer questions in English classes. —I want to, but I ________ not speak English in public. A.dare B.must C.need 十二、have to 1.(2024·江苏宿迁·二模)—Mr Li, I don’t want to say sorry to Sandy. —I’m afraid you ________. After all, you broke her glasses. A.may B.have to C.mustn’t D.needn’t 2. —No, you ________. You may be back in the afternoon. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.don’t have to D.shouldn’t 十三、had better 1.(2025·上海浦东新·一模)According to health experts, old people had better _______ every day to stay healthy. A.exercise B.to exercise C.exercising D.exercised 2.(2025·上海长宁·一模)You had better ________ up too late tonight because you will have an exam tomorrow. A.not stay B.not staying C.not to stay D.not stayed 3.(2024·上海徐汇·二模)You’d better _________ your luggage for the important papers before leaving for the airport. A.check B.to check C.checking D.checked 十四、ought to (2024·福建莆田·一模) 单项选择—Mulan Stream is the mother river of Putian people. —We ________ protect it. A.might B.dare C.ought to 十五、情态动词后加动词原形 1.(2024·上海宝山·一模)The traffic is so heavy in the rush hour. You’d better ________ the road conditions ahead of time. A.check B.to check C.checked D.checking 2.(2024·江苏无锡·一模)—Lily, why does our teacher always ask us to practise handwriting? —Because it’s important in exams. We ________ pay too much attention to it. A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t 题型二 单词拼写 一、can (一)can表示能力/能够 1.Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you hear a thing. 2.—Could I use your English textbook? —Yes, you . Here you are. 3.— I do all the exercises today? —No, you . You do some of them. (二)can表示请求/许可、can表示能力/能够 I find the way to the hospital. you show me the way? (can) (三)can表示推测 1. That man (不可能) be Mr. Zhang. He has gone to Beijing on business. 2.The boy be Tom. I saw him reading in the library just now. 二、could (一)could表示能力/能够 1.(22-23九年级上·浙江金华·期末)It was fantastic — you (能够) see the whole city, the river and the hills beyond. 2.Mozart play the piano at the age of three. (二)could表示委婉语气 1.(22-23九年级上·湖南常德·期末)—My phone doesn’t work. I use yours? —Sure. Here you are. 2.(23-24九年级上·湖南常德·期中) you please tell me how to get to the post office? (三)could表示推测 She could be (shop) in the supermarket. 三、may (一)may表示请求/许可 1.—M I come in? —Yes, please. (二)may、might表示推测 1.She said she (可能) be late, but she came on time. 2.They m come, but I'm not sure. 3.John m come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure. 4.The police didn’t know the short thin man (或许) have done something guilty. 5.I attended a concert yesterday, so my schoolbag still be in the music hall. 四、must (一)must表示必须 1.—Must I tidy my room now, Mum? —Yes, you . Your room couldn’t be dirtier. 2.Lights must (turn) off when we leave the classroom. (二)must否定表示禁止 Students play with fire in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous. (三)must否定表示推测 1.(23-24九年级上·甘肃武威·期末)This restaurant is always very crowded. The food there (肯定) be very delicious. 2.(22-23八年级上·四川乐山·期末)Fifty dollars for such a shirt! You (一定) be joking! 五、shall 1. (将要)we go out to play basketball? 2.—It’s late now. ______ we ______ (take) a taxi to get there? —Good idea. The bus stop is nearby. 六、should (一)should表示建议 1.You should (意识到) your mistake. 2.You should (克服) the fear of going to Beijing alone. (二)should表示推测 It’s nearly six o’clock. Jim be here at any moment.(用适当的情态动词填空) (三)must表示必须、should表示责任/义务 ―May I watch TV now, Mom? ―No. You finish your online class first. 七、will (一)will表示意愿 First, I will e the rules of the game. (二)will表示请求 I can’t understand Japanese. Will you t for me? 八、would (一)would表示过去的意愿 Our teacher said that she (assign) more homework if we did bad in the exams. (二)would表示委婉语气 Would you please (help) me with my homework? 九、包含need、can、may、must的辨析 — I do all the exercises today? —No, you . You do some of them. 十、dare 1.She’s very strict. We don’t dare a word unless she asks us to do so.(say) 2. He was so shy that he didn’t dare to ________ in public. (speech) 十一、have to 1.(2024·甘肃陇南·二模)It’s too late. I have (go) to work by taxi. 2. You have to ________ the theatre during the break time when the play is on. (entrance) 十二、had better 1.(2024·云南昆明·二模)You’d better not to your parents or teachers, which is very impolite.(顶嘴) 2.(2024·山东济宁·一模) Nancy is sad now. We’d better a_______ mentioning the terrible matter. 十三、ought to 1. You ________ ________(应该) throw the rubbish into the garbage. 十四、情态动词后加动词原形、ought to (23-24九年级上·云南德宏·期末)As one of the family members, we ought to . (做家务) 十五、情态动词后加动词原形 1.(2025·上海闵行·一模)Sam should to she teacher for being late for class. (apology) 2.(2025·四川成都·一模)We can’t p something unexpected in our lives. Just face and deal with it actively. 3.(24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)During his lifetime, Wu Mengchao saved thousands of lives. We can’t (赞扬) him too much. 4.(24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末)We should know more about manners so that we can b well in public. 题型三 语篇填空 一、短文填空——首字母填空 (2023江苏扬州改编)Peter Pan wishes Wendy,John and Michael, especially Wendy,would stay in Neverland forever but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. Mrs.Darling is playing the piano.Peter didn't know the tune,Home,Sweet Home,but he knows it's saying, “Come back,Wendy, Wendy,Wendy.”Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs.Darling's eyes. “She loves Wendy,”he thinks.“But I love Wendy,too.We c both have her.” 二、选词填空 (一) 用should, shouldn’t, ought, oughtn’t填空 Electricity is very important to our lives. Almost everyone today uses electricity in one way or another. As you know it is precious (宝贵的), so we 1 try our best to save electricity. For example, we 2 to turn on more lights than we need. You 3 to turn fans on when you leave a room. We 4 leave the fridge open after we have taken something out. We 5 to turn off the lights after we leave school. (二) call  plan  practice  write  be  go  travel  miss  start  worry  not drive (节选) "Pretty good. I like the life here very much, especially the people here. They are friendly and nice. What's more, I 6 my Chinese as much as possible, " she said with a smile on her face. With a few friends around her, she feels very happy, but sometimes, she still misses her old friends in America. When she misses them. she writes to them or chats with them online. I think Tina is lucky because she has the chance of travelling/traveling to a foreign country and enjoying different cultures. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!16 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题20 情态动词(清单+专练) 目录 ★知识点1 情态动词的分类和特点 2 ★知识点2 情态动词的用法 3 ★知识点3 考点和题型 8 ★专项过关训练题 9 ★知识点1 情态动词的分类和特点 情态动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,需和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,表明说话者对某一行为的态度和观点,主要包括揣测、判断、需要、可能、各种意愿等。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to 除外);情态动词后必须接动词原形。 1.常见的情态动词及其否定式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 can cannot can't could could not couldn't may may not might might not must must not mustn't shall shall no should should not shouldn't will will not won't would would not wouldn't need need not needn't have to do not have to don't have to ought to ought not to oughtn't to dare dare not daren't had better had better not d better not 2.情态动词的分类 类别 词汇 只作情态动词的词 must、may、might、ought to等 可作情态动词又可作实义动词的词 need、dare、can等 具有情态动词特征的词 have to、used to、ought to、had better 可作情态动词又可作助动词的词 shall (should)、will (would) 3.情态动词的特点 (1)情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。(have to除外) (2)情态动词后接动词原形。 (3)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词等形式。 (4)情态动词没有被动语态。 (5)情态动词不能单独作谓语,只能后接动词原形一起构成谓语;其否定形式构成是在情态动词后加not。(have to除外) (6)个别情态动词(can、may 、shall、will)的过去式一般用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气,时态性不强。 ★知识点2 情态动词的用法 1.常见情态动词的用法 情态动词 含义及用法 示例 can/ could 表示现在的能力,意为“能、会”, could为can的过去式。否定式can't/ couldn't,意为“不能,不会”。 I can cook simple meals.我能做简单的饭。 Sorry,I can’t follow you.Please say it again. 对不起,我不能跟你走。请再说一遍。 表示请求、允许,意为“可以”;当需要委婉表达时用could;回答用can或can't/ cannot。 —Can we eat in the classroom? 我们能在教室里吃饭吗? —No,we can’t. 不,我们不能。 表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中;can't表示否定推测,语气强烈,意为“不可能”。 That can’t be Tom.She has gone abroad. 那不可能是汤姆。她出国了。 must 表示主观语气,有必要或有义务去做某事,表示“必须、一定”。 You must finish the project by Monday. 你必须在周一前完成这个项目。 表示推测,意为“一定是”“准是”,指有根据的、比较有把握的推测。 He must be sleeping now. 他现在一定是在睡觉。 意为“非要、偏要”,表示气恼或愤怒。 Must you waste so much time? 你偏要浪费这么多时间吗? may 表示请求、许可,用来征求对方的意见,比can 更正式,肯定回答常用can,否定回答用mustn't/can't/ may not。 May I take your order? 你要点单了吗? 表示允许、同意某人做某事,此时可与can互换。 You may come if you wish. 如果你想来,你就来。 表示可能性,意为“也许、可能”。 His answer may be right. 他的回答可能是对的。 表示祝愿,在正式场合或书面语中表示祝愿时,常放在句首。 May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快! might may的过去式,常用于间接引语中。 She worried that I might be angry. 她担心我可能会生气。 表示请求、许可,语气比may委婉。 He asked if he might go home. 他问他是否可以回家。 表示不确定的推测,意为“可能”,可能性小于may,语气更委婉。 He told me he might be late. 他告诉我他可能会迟到。 need 意为“需要”;否定形式为needn’t,意为“不需要”。以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答needn’t或don’t have。 —Must I wash my clothes at once,Mom? 我必须马上洗衣服吗,妈妈? —No,you needn’t.You may wash them before 5:00 p.m. 不,你不需要。你可以在下午5点前清洗它们。 should 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝诫或建议,意为“应该”。 We should work hard to protect our world. 我们应该努力保护我们的世界。 表示提供或征求建议。 What should I do? 我该怎么办? Should I trust him? 我应该相信他吗? 表示做某事是正确或明智的,往往表示说话者的观点。 I think the young people should really respect their elders. 我认为年轻人真应当尊敬他们的长辈。 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句。 Should I take my temperature? 我要量体温吗? ought to 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝告诫或建议,意为“应该”。 You ought to be more careful next time. 下次你应该更小心才是。 表示根据一定的依据进行推测,意为“按道理说应该”。 She ought to pass her English exam. 她应该通过英语考试。 shall 用于主语是第一、三人称的疑问句时,表示请求或征求对方意见。 Shall I close the window?It's so cold. 我能关上窗户吗?太冷了。 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表示说话者的意图、决心、许诺、命令、警告、威胁等。 Those members of our club shall wear uniforms. 我们俱乐部的那些成员都要穿制服。 will/ would 表示请求对方做某事或提出建议和邀请(would比will语气更委婉、客气) Will you come with us? 你会和我们一起去吗? 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事,如意志、愿望或决心等。 I would like to go to the Tian anmen Square. 我想去天安门广场。 had better “最好”,表示劝告和建议。否定形式had better not,“最好不要”。 He had better stay in bed tomorrow. 他最好明天卧床休息。 have to 多表示客观必要,即客观要求(无奈)而为之,意为“不得不”,有人称、数和时态的变化。由have to构成的一般疑问句中,肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn’t 或don’t/ doesn’t have to。 —Dad,must I become a lawyer when I grow up? 爸爸,我长大以后一定要成为一名律师吗? —No,you don’t to.不,你不必。 dare 意为“敢于”,用作情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,但有过去式(dared)。主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。 She dare not speak in public. 她不敢在公共场合发言。 used to 意为“曾经”,表示过去常常做某事或曾经存在某种状态,used to后跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化;否定形式为usedn’t to或didn’t use to。 I used to go to a university in Chengdu. 我过去在成都的一所大学上学。 shall的口诀助记: shall二、三人称用,允诺、命令、要求加警告。 shall问句表征询,第一人称用得妙。 need的口诀助记: need 作情态动词, 此时不常用肯定; 其后直接跟动词, 多用疑问和否定。 need作实义动词,后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词,主动形式表被动。 知识拓展: “needn't have+过去分词” 表示“本不必做但实际上做了某事”。例如: We had plenty of bread,so I needn't have bought another loaf. 我们有许多面包,因此我本没有必要再买一条。 易混辨析: need后加 to do说明need为实义动词,需用助动词构成疑问句或否定句;need后加doing 表示被动意义;若need后加do,则need为情态动词。 易错警示: 1.由may或might引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用may/can;否定回答用can't/mustn't。例如: —May/Might I sit here?我可以坐在这儿吗? —Yes,you may/can./No,you can't/mustn't.是的,你可以。/不,你不能。 2.以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must/have to/has to;否定回答用needn't/don't have to/doesn't have to. 例如: —Must I finish the paper today?—今天我必须完成论文吗? —Yes,you must./No,you needn’t/don’t have to.—是的,你必须。/不,你不必。 3以 need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。 —Need I go to the company at once?我需要立刻去公司吗? —Yes,you must./No,you needn't.是的,你必须。/不,你不必。 4.could引导一般疑问句用于表示“请求许可”,回答时要用can,不能用could。例如: ——Could I use your pen?我可以用你的钢笔吗? —Yes,you can./No, you can't.是的,你可以。/不,你不可以。 ★中考真题 (宁夏中考题)—Could I use your eraser for a while?—Yes,of course you____。 A.could B.can C.will D.Should 【答案】B 【解析】分析题干,可发现这是could引导的一般疑问句,用于请求别人允许自己做某事,回答时要用can,因此选B。 2.常见的情态动词辨析 类别 用法 例句 can/could/ be able to的区别 can和could只能用于一般现在时或一般过去时,而be able to可用于各种时态;be able to可与情态动词连用,can则不能。 I could play football very well when I was at school,but now I can't. 我在学校的时候可以踢得很好,但现在我不能了。 I can/am able to afford the new computer. 我可以/负担得起这台新电脑。 can更侧重于表达主语本身就具备的能力,这种能力是内在的、固有的。而be able to则更侧重于描述通过努力或学习后获得的能力,或者是在某个具体条件下才能实现的可能性。 She can sing high notes naturally. 她天生就能唱高音。 After months of practice, he was finally able to play that complex piano piece. 经过几个月的练习,他终于能够弹奏那首复杂的钢琴曲了。 can和could表示能力、允许、许可或推测,但be able to只表示能力。 You can take this seat,if you want. 如果你愿意,你可以坐这个座位。 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to,这时was/were able to相当于managed to,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. 他在战争爆发前就已经逃离了欧洲。 =He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. must和have to的区别 must 只有现在时一种形式(在宾语从句中可以表示过去),而have to则有多种时态形式。 She said (that) she must go with me. 她说她一定要同我一起去。 They have had to buy a car. 他们不得不买了辆小汽车。 must意为“必须”时,表示主观需要或有必要做某事通常着重指说话者的主观看法;而have to表示因环境所迫而做某事,着重于客观需要,意为“不得不”。 It’s late. I have to go now. 时间晚了。我得走了。It’s late. I must go now. 时间很晚了。我必须走了。 must没有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式mustn’t,意为“不许,禁止”,have to有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式为don’t/ doesn’t have to,意为“不必”,相当于needn’t。 You mustn’t tell him about it. 你一定不要告诉他这件事。 You don’t have to tell him about it. 你不必告诉他这件事。 need 作实义动词时,主要用于肯定句中,有人称、时态和数的变化,后常接带to的不定式。其否定式和疑问式都要借助助动词do。 He needs some money to buy new clothes. 他需要一些钱来买新衣服。 dare 用作实义动词,有人称、时态和数的变化,意为“敢于”。肯定句中要跟带to的不定式,而在否定句或疑问句中to可要可不要。 I do not dare(to)complain about the hard work. (=I dare not complain about the hard work.) 我不敢抱怨工作辛苦。 ★知识点3 考点和题型 考点1情态动词辨析 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空 —Do I have to hand in my report now? We're going to discuss it. —Of course, you_______. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意:—我必须现在交我的报告吗?—当然了,你必须交。我们马上要讨论了。根据“We're going to discuss it.”可知,此处是肯定回答。由have to构成的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must;否定回答则用needn't或don't/doesn't have to。故选C。 步骤一:阅读题干,根据句子的意思判断空格需要填入的情态动词的意义。 步骤二:分析选项中情态动词的用法,结合上下文的语境判断选出正确答案。 考 点 2 情态动词填空 考查题型 单句填空、语篇填空 (2024·安徽芜湖·二模)When the zoo had to c________ (取消) the birthday celebrations for the giant pandas due to the bad weather, many visitors felt deeply disappointed. 【答案】(c)ancel 【解析】句意:由于天气恶劣,动物园不得不取消大熊猫的生日庆祝活动,许多游客深感失望。取消:cancel,have to do sth.“不得不做某事”。故填(c)ancel。 步骤一:若词汇未给出,先根据语法判断空处应填情态动词(情态动词后跟动词原形), 根据语境判断空处所需要的词的意义, 选择对应的情态动词;若词汇已给出,可以直接使用步骤二的方法。 步骤二:结合语境判断用情态动词的哪种形式, 并进行恰当地变形。 步骤三:将答案代入语境,再次验证答案是否正确。 ★专项过关训练题 题型一 单项选择 一、can (一)can表示能力/能够 1.(2025·上海虹口·一模)After some training, most dogs ________ follow simple commands like sit, stay or go. A.can B.should C.must D.need 【答案】A 【解析】句意:经过一些训练,大多数狗都能遵循简单的命令,如坐下、停留或离开。考查情态动词。can能;should应该;must必须;need需要。根据“follow simple commands like sit, stay or go”可知训练之后,狗能遵循简单的命令。故选A。 2.(2025·上海静安·一模)Nowadays, people ________ easily turn to ChatGPT when facing something they don’t know. A.can B.should C.need D.must 【答案】A 【解析】句意:如今,当人们遇到不懂的问题时,可以轻松地求助于ChatGPT。考查情态动词。can可以,能够;should应该;need需要;must必须,一定。根据“when facing something they don’t know.”可知,在面对不懂的问题时我们可以求助ChatGPT。can表示“可以,能够”。故选A。 3.(2025·上海徐汇·一模)Nobody ________ solve that complex case without gathering sufficient evidence. A.may B.can C.must D.need 【答案】B 【解析】】句意:没有充分的证据,没有人能侦破那个复杂的案件。考查情态动词。may可能;can可以,能;must必须;need需要。根据“without gathering sufficient evidence”结合语境可知,此处应指没有充分的证据,没有人能侦破案件。故选B。 4.(2024·上海长宁·二模)—Will you please stay here for another week? —Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to attend an important meeting. A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.can’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——请你在这里再待一个星期好吗?——对不起,我不能。我得参加一个重要会议。 考查情态动词用法。mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不需要;can’t不能。根据“I’ll have to attend an important meeting.”可知,说话人得去参加一个重要的会议,因此是不能够留下来。故选D。 5.(2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)With the help of modern technology, now people ________ enjoy the proudest moment when China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space. A.may B.can C.should D.must 【答案】B 【解析】句意:在现代科技的帮助下,现在人们可以享受中国第一位宇航员杨利伟进入太空的最自豪的时刻。考查情态动词辨析。may可能;can能够,可以;should应该;must必须。根据“With the help of modern technology, now people … enjoy the proudest moment when China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space.”可知,人们可以享受中国第一位宇航员杨利伟进入太空的最自豪的时刻,故选B。 6.(2024·江苏连云港·中考真题)Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems _________ be cured. A.can B.must C.should D.need 【答案】A 【解析】句意:现代医学发展迅速,现在大多数眼部问题都可以治愈。考查情态动词。can能够;must必须;should应该;need需要。根据“most eye problems…be cured”可知,此处指眼部问题能够被治愈,强调能够、能力,应用can。故选A。 (二)can表请求/许可 1.(2025·上海普陀·一模)Mom, ________ you buy me a new watch? The old one just stopped working. A.can B.need C.must D.may 【答案】A 【解析】句意:妈妈,你能给我买块新手表吗?那辆旧的刚刚停止工作。考查情态动词。can能,可以;need需要;must必须;may可能。根据“...you buy me a new watch? The old one just stopped working.”可知,此处表示请求许可。故选A。 2.(2024·北京·中考真题)— Bill, ________ I use your ruler? — Of course you can. Here you are. A.can B.must C.need D.should 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——Bill,我可以用你的尺子吗?——当然可以。给你。考查情态动词辨析。can可以;must必须;need需要;should应该。根据答语中的“Of course you can.”可知,此处表示“请求使用对方的东西”,can表“请求允许”,符合句意。故选A。 3.(2024·北京·模拟预测)—Could I borrow the book after you finish reading it? —Of course, you ________. I’m sure you will like it. A.can B.would C.must D.might 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你读完这本书后可以把它借给我吗?——当然可以,我相信你也会喜欢上这本书的。 考查情态动词用法。can能,会,可以;would表示委婉的请求或建议;must必须;might可能。根据”Could I borrow the book after you finish reading it?”可知,此处could是表示委婉的请求,肯定回答时用can,表示”可以”。故选A。 4.(2024·北京平谷·二模)—________ you give me some suggestions on learning Chinese, Lin Tao? —Of course, I can. A.Need B.Can C.May D.Must 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——林涛,你能给我一些学习汉语的建议吗?——当然,我可以。考查情态动词。Need需要;Can能够;May可以;Must必须。根据“Of course, I can.”可知,此处表示请求允许,应用can,故选B。 5. (2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy? — No problem. A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Need 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——苏西,你能教我怎么拉小提琴吗?——没问题。考查情景交际。can能,可以;should应该;must必须;need需要。根据“you show me how to play the violin”可知此处是请求许可,can符合语境。故选A。 (三)can表示推测 1.(2025·四川成都·一模)—Look! Is that man Mr. Wang? —No, it ________ be him. He is on a tour in Guangzhou now. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.might 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——看!那个人是王先生吗?——不,不可能是他。他现在在广州旅行。 考查情态动词。can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止;might可能。根据“He is on a tour in Guangzhou now.”可知,此处表示不可能是他。表示否定推测用can’t。故选A。 2.(2025·四川成都·一模)—Is that boy over there Andy? —No, it ________ be him. He won’t be back from a study tour until next Friday. A.might B.must C.can’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——那里的那个男孩是安迪吗?——不,不可能是他。直到下周五他才游学回来。考查情态动词的用法。might可能;must一定;can’t不可能。根据“He won’t be back from a study tour until next Friday.”可知,安迪游学去了,所以不可能是他,can’t表示否定推测,故选C。 3.(2024·上海嘉定·二模)—Do you think Emma is still studying at the library? It’s almost midnight. —She ________. The library closes at 9:30 p.m., and everyone has to leave by then. A.should be B.must be C.needn’t be D.can’t be 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你认为艾玛还在图书馆学习吗?快半夜了。——不可能。图书馆晚上九点半关门,所有人都得在那之前离开。考查词义辨析。should be应该;must be一定;needn’t be不需要;can’t be不可能。根据“The library closes at 9:30 p.m., and everyone has to leave by then.”可知艾玛不可能在图书馆。故选D。 4.(2024·江苏扬州·一模)— Is Peter at home? — He _______ be at home. I just saw him in the supermarket. A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——皮特在家吗?——他不可能在家。我刚刚在超市里看到他了。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能;shouldn’t不应该;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必。根据“I just saw him in the supermarket.”可知他不可能在家。故选A。 5.(2024·江苏宿迁·一模)— Look! Mr. Su is taking photos of his students. — It ______ be him. He has gone abroad for study. A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——看!苏先生正在给他的学生们拍照片。——这不可能是他。他已经出国学习去了。 考查情态动词。must必须;mustn’t禁止;can能够;can’t不能。根据“He has gone abroad for study.”可知,此处表示否定推测,应用can’t,故选D。 6.(2024·四川成都·一模)—Is that Miss Gao over there? —It ________ be her. She has gone to Beijing for a meeting. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——那边是高小姐吗?——不可能是她。她去北京开会了。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;must一定。根据“She has gone to Beijing for a meeting.”可知她去北京开会了,所以那个人不可能是她。故选B。 7.(2024·四川成都·三模)—Is that girl Kate? —It __________ be her. She hasn’t been back from Shanghai so far. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——那个女孩是凯特吗?——不可能是她。到目前为止她还没有从上海回来。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必。根据“She hasn’t been back from Shanghai so far.”可知,她还没有从上海回来,所以那个女孩不可能是她,此处应用can’t表示有把握的否定推测。故选A。 8.(2024·四川成都·二模)—I heard that the concert would be put off. —It ________ be true. All the musicians are already in the music hall. A.can’t B.might C.must 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我听说音乐会要推迟了。——这不可能是真的。所有的音乐家都已经在音乐厅了。考查情态动词。can’t不可能;might可能;must一定。根据“All the musicians are already in the music hall.”可知所有的音乐家都已经在音乐厅了,所以音乐会不可能推迟。故选A。 二、could (一)could表示能力/能够 1.(2019·山东滨州·中考真题)—Mum, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake? —No, you ___________. That’s too dangerous! A.Should; can’t B.Need; mustn’t C.Must; needn’t D.Could; mustn’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——妈妈,太热了。我能在湖里游泳吗?——不,你不能,那太危险了。考查情态动词辨析。第一个空,根据Mum, it’s too hot. ____ I swim in the lake?可知句意为“妈妈,太热了。我能在湖里游泳吗?”表示征询意见,委婉的请求,用could;第二个空,根据前面的No,以及后面的That’s too dangerous!可知应是“不可以”,表示禁止用mustn’t,故选D。 2.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)—Do you like poems? —Yes. I ________ read poems when I was 5. A.must B.can C.could 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你喜欢诗歌吗?——是的。我五岁的时候就可以读诗了。考查情态动词。must必须;can能;could能够。根据“ I...read poems when I was 5.”可知是指五岁时就有读诗的能力,且用过去式,故选C。 (二)could表示委婉语气 1.(2025·上海长宁·一模)________ you open the door for me? I am carrying too many things. A.Must B.May C.Need D.Could 【答案】D 【解析】句意:你能帮我把门打开吗?我拿了太多东西。考查情态动词。Must必须;May可以;Need需要;Could能够。表示请求时一般用“Could you …?” Could意为 “能够”,表示婉转的请求。故选D。 2.(24-25九年级上·福建福州·期末)—________ I have an ice cream, mom? —You’d better not. You have a cold now. A.Could B.Must C.Dare 【答案】A 【解析】句意:妈妈,我能吃一个冰淇淋吗?你最好不要。你现在感冒了。考查情态动词的用法。Could能;Must必须;Dare敢。根据语境,应该用Could来表示委婉的请求。故选A。 3.(2024·北京东城·二模)—Lucy, _______ you come over to my house and work on our project together? —Yes, I would be happy to. A.must B.should C.could D.need 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——露西,你能来我家一起做我们的项目吗?——好的,我很乐意。考查情态动词。must必须;should应该;could能够;need需要。根据“...you come over to my house and work on our project together?”可知,此处表示委婉的请求,应用could,故选C。 4.(2024·北京丰台·二模)—________ you pass the book to me? —No problem. A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你能把书递给我吗?——没问题。 考查情态动词辨析。Could能够,表示委婉语气;Should应该;Must必须;Need需要。结合对话情景可知,此处是请求对方是否能把书递过来,对方欣然同意,所以这里用情态动词could,表示比较委婉客气地提出问题。故选A。 5.(2024·陕西西安·二模)—_________ I borrow your dictionary? I left mine at home. —Sorry, I’m afraid you _________ because I’m using it. A.Could; can B.Could; can’t C.Must; can D.Must; can’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——我可以借用你的字典吗?我把我的落在家里了。——对不起,恐怕你不能,因为我正在用它。考查情态动词的用法。Could表示请求允许;Must表示必须;can表示可以;can’t表示拒绝。根据“I borrow your dictionary?”可知,第一空应填Could,表示请求允许;根据“because I’m using it.”可知,第二空应填can’t,表示拒绝。故选B。 6.(2024·河北唐山·三模)—________ you give me a hand? I can’t move the box by myself. —No problem. A.Must B.Need C.Should D.Could 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你能帮我一下吗?我自己搬不动这个箱子。——没问题。考查情态动词。must必须;need需要;should应该;could能。根据“I can't move the box by myself”可知,我自己搬不动这个箱子,因此请求别人帮助;Could you do sth?“你能做某事吗?”表示委婉地请求。故选D。 7.(2024·河北石家庄·一模)—Could you go to the bookshop with me? —Sorry, I _________. I have to go home right after school. A.may B.must C.can’t D.needn’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你能和我一起去书店吗?——对不起,我不能。我必须放学后马上回家。考查情态动词辨析。may可能;must必须;can’t不可以;needn’t不需要。根据“Could you go to the bookshop with me?”和“Sorry”可知此处could表示委婉语气,否定回答应用can’t。故选C。 (三)could表示推测 ★could表示推测 1.(2022·重庆渝中·模拟预测)—I called you last night at 9:30 and I believed you ________ be at home because no one answered the phone. —Sorry, I ________ at that time. A.mustn’t; would have been sleeping B.couldn’t; should have slept C.couldn’t; must have been sleeping D.might not; need have been slept 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——我昨晚9:30打电话给你,我相信你不可能在家,因为没有人接电话。 ——对不起,我当时一定在睡觉。 考查否定的推测和现在完成进行时。根据“because no one answered the phone.”可知,这里应该是否定的推测,用couldn’t be;第二个空是对系动词be的完成时态事情的肯定性很大的推测,我那时候一定是睡着了,be sleeping睡着了,是一种睡着的状态,应该用现在完成进行时,即:have been sleeping。故选C。 2.(22-23九年级上·湖南株洲·期末)It ________ be Lingling’s book, but I’m not sure. Liu Hui likes reading, too. A.can’t B.must C.could 【答案】C 【解析】句意:这可能是玲玲的书,但我不确定。刘辉也喜欢读书。考查情态动词表推测。can’t不会;must必须;could可能。根据“It…be Lingling’s book, but I’m not sure.”可知,此处指的是“我”不确定这是不是玲玲的书,空处应用could表示“可能是玲玲的书”。故选C。 3.The witness told the judge Tony ______ the thief who broke into the villa, because they were watching a movie together ______ that dark night. A.couldn’t be; on B.must be; on C.couldn’t be; in D.may be; in 【答案】A 【解析】句意:目击者告诉法官,托尼不可能是那个闯进别墅的贼,因为他们在那个漆黑的夜晚正在一起看电影。couldn't不可能,表示有把握的推测;must一定,有把握的推测;may可能,没有把握的推测。根据because they were watching a movie together ______ that dark night.可知此处表示托尼和他们一起看电影,因此有把握的推测他不可能是那个贼,故用couldn’t。当night有形容词修饰,故用on修饰,表示在一个…….的夜晚,故选A。 ★must表示推测、could表示推测 (2023·江西抚州·一模)—There is someone knocking on the door. I wonder who it ________ be. —It ________ be Frank. He phoned to tell me he would come to our home soon. A.must; must B.could; must C.might; can’t D.might; mustn’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——有人在敲门。我想知道是谁。——一定是弗兰克。他打电话告诉我他很快就会来我们家。考查情态动词。must一定;could可能;might可能;can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止。根据“There is someone knocking on the door. I wonder who it...be.”可知,空格处要填表推测的情态动词,表示可能,故填could或might;根据“He phoned to tell me he would come to our home soon.”可知,空格处要填must表示肯定推测。故选B。 三、may (一)may表示请求/许可 1.(2024·上海杨浦·三模)—Mum, Jerry asked me to watch the ball game after school. Can I go along? —You _______, but be sure to get home before 10 o’clock. A.should B.would C.must D.may 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——妈妈,杰瑞叫我放学后去看球赛。我可以一起去吗?——你可以,但一定要在十点钟以前到家。考查情态动词。should应该;would将会;must一定,必须;may可以。根据“You..., but be sure to get home before 10 o’clock.”可知,此处指可以去看球赛,但一定要准时回家,应用may表示许可。故选D。 2.(2023·上海浦东新·一模)I’d like to make something special for dinner. ______ I borrow your cookery book? A.Should B.Must C.Need D.May 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我想做点特别的晚餐。我可以借你的烹饪书吗?考查情态动词辨析。Should应该;Must必须;Need需要;May可以(征求同意或表示允许)。此处表示征求许可,使用May,故选D。 (二)may表示推测 1.(2024·四川泸州·中考真题)—Rebecca, have you decided what to do this Saturday? —Not yet. I ______ volunteer at the old people’s home. A.may B.must C.should D.would 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——Rebecca,你决定这个星期六做什么了吗?——还没有。我可能会在敬老院做志愿者。 考查情态动词辨析。may可能;must一定;should应该;would将。根据“Not yet”及“volunteer at the old people’s home”可知,还没有做决定,在敬老院做志愿者只是一种可能性,故选A。 2.(2024·天津·中考真题)It _________ be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices. A.may not B.mustn’t C.need D.should 【答案】A 【解析】句意:这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法。还有其他选择。考查情态动词。may not可能不;mustn’t表禁止;need需要;should应该。根据“There are other choices.”可知,还有其他解决问题的方式,故此处指这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法,应用may not。故选A。 (三)may表示祝愿 1.She__________ at home now. A.may B.might C.may be D.maybe 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:句意:现在她可能在家。may 可以,可能;might可能;may be可能是;maybe或许,大概。情态动词不能单独作谓语,后面需根一个实义动词才能表达完整意思。所以选C。 考点:考查情态动词。 2.May everything ______ well with you all. A.went B.go C.goes 【答案】B 【解析】句意:祝你们一切顺利。考查情态动词后接动词原形。went 一般过去式;go一般现在时、原形; goes一般现在时、单三形式;此处在情态动词may后面,判断填动词原形。故选B。 四、might 1.(2025·四川成都·一模)—The paper cutting is pretty lively, who made it? —It ________ be Amy, but I’m not sure about that. A.might B.can’t C.must 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——这个剪纸很生动。谁做的?——可能是艾米。但我不确定。考查情态动词。might也许,可能;can’t不能;must必须。根据“but I’m not sure about that.”可知,此处表示没有把握的推测,A项“might”符合题意。故选A。 2.(2025·上海嘉定·一模)The guide informed the visitors they ________ leave their bags at the reception if they preferred. A.might B.need C.must D.should 【答案】A 【解析】句意:导游告知游客,如果他们愿意,可以将包放在接待处。考查情态动词辨析。might可以;need需要;must必须;should应该。由“if they preferred”可知,游客可以留包但不是强制的,用might符合语境。故选A。 五、must (一)must表示必须 1.(2025·上海黄浦·一模)Visitors ________ sign in at the front desk for safety reasons before entering the building. A.must B.might C.can D.may 【答案】A 【解析】句意:出于安全原因,访客在进入大楼前必须在前台签到。考查情态动词的用法。must 必须;might 可能;can 能够,可以;may 可以,可能。must意为“必须”,强调出于规定、要求或必要性等,在这里是说因为安全方面的原因,访客有义务和必要在前台签到,这是一种强制要求;另外根据空后“for safety reasons”可知,此处也强调规定和必要性,所以用must最合适。故填A。 2.(2025·福建泉州·一模)Under the new rules, electric bike riders ________ wear helmets. A.can B.must C.may 【答案】B 【解析】句意:根据新规定,骑电动自行车的人必须戴头盔。考查情态动词辨析。can能;must必须;may可能,也许。根据“Under the new rules”可知,此处指的是法律法规,要用情态动词must“必须”。故选B。 (二)must否定表示禁止 1.(2024·上海崇明·二模)You _________ go across the road when the red light is on. Everyone must obey the rule. A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意:红灯时,你禁止过马路。每个人必须遵守交通规则。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能;needn’t不必;mustn’t表示禁止、不许;shouldn’t不应该。根据时间状语从句“when the traffic light is red.”可知,红灯亮时应是禁止过马路。故选C。 2.(2024·江苏泰州·二模)—I’ve told you many times you _________ run the red light. The cars may hit you. —Sorry, I won’t do it again. A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——我已经告诉你很多次了,你不能闯红灯。汽车可能会撞到你。——对不起,我不会再这样做了。考查情态动词。wouldn’t将不;mustn’t禁止;couldn’t不能;needn’t不必。根据“I’ve told you many times you...run the red light”可知是禁止闯红灯,此处表示“禁止”,应用mustn’t。故选B。 3.(2024·山东青岛·一模)—Can children under 16 drive a car in China? —No, they ________. A.may not B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——16岁以下的儿童在中国可以开车吗?——不,他们不能。考查动词辨析。may not也许不;needn’t不需要;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该。根据“Can children under 16 drive a car in China?”可知,16岁以下的儿童在中国禁止开车,故选C。 (三)must表示推测 1.(2024·上海青浦·二模)Listen! Her voice is shaking while speaking. She ________ be very nervous. A.must B.need C.should D.can 【答案】A 【解析】句意:听!她说话时声音在颤抖。她一定很紧张。考查情态动词辨析。must一定;need需要;should应该;can可以。由“Her voice is shaking while speaking.”可知她说话时声音颤抖,可推测一定是紧张的。选项A符合。故选A。 2.(2024·江苏镇江·二模)—Who is knocking at the door? —It ________ be a delivery man (外卖小哥). I ordered some food online just now. A.can B.must C.should D.will 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——谁在敲门?——一定是外卖小哥。我刚刚在网上点了些食物。考查情态动词。can可以;must一定;should应该;will将。根据“I ordered some food online just now.”可推测敲门的可能是外卖小哥,表示一种较强的推测,用must,故选B。 (四)must表示“偏要,非得” 1.(2024·江苏无锡·一模)Everyone can be different from another, why ________ we all be the same? A.must B.can C.should D.may 【答案】A 【解析】句意:每个人都可以不同,为什么我们都非得一样?考查情态动词。must必须,非得;can能;should应该;may可能。根据“Everyone can be different from another, why...we all be the same”可知每个人都不一样,为什么我们非得要一样。故选A。 2.(2024·江苏无锡·三模)Oh, come on, Zack! ________ you talk to me like that? I’m your mother after all. A.Can’t B.Can C.Mustn’t D.Must 【答案】D 【解析】句意:拜托,扎克!你非得这样跟我说话吗?我终究是你妈啊。考查情态动词。Can’t不能;Can可以;Mustn’t不准;Must非得,偏要。根据“you talk to me like that? I’m your mother after all”可知,此处是抱怨的语气,故应用must。故选D。 六、shall 1.—________we go to the party at 5:00 p.m.? —Good idea! A.Shall B.Need C.Will 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我们下午五点去参加聚会好吗?——好主意!考查情态动词。shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意见;need需要;will用于第二、三人称表示请求或询问。这里是第一人称“we”,表示征求意见,用shall。故选A。 2.(22-23九年级下·福建福州·期中)—________ I turn on the lights? It’s getting dark. —Sure, go ahead. A.Must B.Shall C.Would 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——我打开灯好吗?天正在变黑。——可以,去吧!考查情态动词辨析。Must必须;Shall将要;Would将。根据“Sure, go ahead.”可知,这里表示建议,用Shall I ...。故选B。 七、should (一)should表示建议 1.—Look at the sign, guys. You ________ talk loudly here. —Sorry, Sir, We won’t do it next time. A.don’t B.shouldn’t C.won’t D.needn’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——看这个标志,小伙子们。你不应该在这里大声说话。——对不起,先生。我们下次不会做了。考查情态动词。don’t不要;shouldn’t不应该;won’t不会;needn’t不需要。根据“Look at the sign”可知,应表达不应该在这里大声说话。故选B。 2.—Tom, you look tired. You had better ________ up late at night. —Yes, I ________ go to bed earlier. I’ll make sure to get enough sleep tonight. A.not to stay; must B.not staying; can C.not stay; should D.to not stay; need 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——Tom,你看起来很累。你最好晚上不要熬夜。——是的,我应该早点睡觉。我将确保今晚有足够的睡眠。考查动词用法及情态动词用法。had better not do sth.意为“最好不要做某事”,固定用法,故第一个空填not stay;根据“...go to bed earlier.”可知,我“应该”早点睡觉,表建议。故第二个空填should。故选C。 (二)should表示推测 1.(2021·江苏无锡·一模)—Will my car be ready by the end of the day? —It ________ be, sir. I’ll call if there’s any problem. A.must B.could C.shall D.should 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——我的车今天能修好吗?——应该能,先生,如果有什么问题我会打电话给你。考查情态动词辨析。must必须,一定,表推测时,语气最肯定;could可能,表推测时,其意很不肯定;shall将,会;should应当,应该,表示推测时,其语气比较肯定,它通常指非常可能的事,并暗示其推测有一定的事实依据或者合乎常理。根据“I’ll call if there’s any problem”可知,是说话人按照事实有一定依据的推测,用should符合语境。故选D。 2.(2023·江苏无锡·二模)—How is your tour around the lake? Is it beautiful? —It ________ be, but it is now seriously polluted. A.should B.might C.must D.can 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你的环湖之旅怎么样?它漂亮吗?——它应该是(漂亮的),但现在它被严重污染。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该;might可能;must一定;can能。根据“but it is now seriously polluted.”可知,它应该是美丽的。故选A。 (三)should表示责任/义务 1.(2025·上海青浦·一模)Drivers ________ obey traffic rules to ensure the safety of themselves and others. A.can B.will C.might D.should 【答案】D 【解析】句意:司机应该遵守交通规则,以确保自己和他人的安全。考查情态动词。can能;will将要;might可能;should应该。根据“Drivers…obey traffic rules”可知,遵守交通规则是一种责任和义务,应用should来表示建议或责任。故选D。 2.(2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测)—Shall we go now? —No. Mr. Henderson said that all of us _________ remain in our seats until all the reports have been collected. A.could B.might C.would D.should 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——我们现在能走了吗?——不。Henderson先生说在所有的报告收集完毕之前,我们都应该留在座位上。考查情态动词。could可以;might可能;would会;should应该。根据“Mr. Henderson said that all of us…remain in our seats until all the reports have been collected.”可知,此处是应该留在座位上,应用should。故选D。 八、will (一)will表示请求 1.—Don’t feed the animals any more, kids! It’s harmful to them. —Sorry, sir. We ________. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.needn’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意:孩子们,不要再喂动物了!这对他们是有害的。—对不起,先生。我们不会的。考查情态动词。can't不能;mustn't禁止;won't不会;needn't不必。根据“Don't feed the animal harmful to them."可知,此处是我们不会去喂动物了。故选C。 2. ________ you get me some paper, please? A.Shall B.May C.Need D.Will 【答案】D 【解析】句意:请问你能给我一些纸吗?考查情态动词。shall可以,表示请求,常与第一人称连用,表示请求对方允许自己做某事;may可以,表示请求,常与第一人称连用,表示请求对方允许自己做某事;need需要;will表示请求,意为“……好吗”,常用于第二人称,表示请求对方帮助自己做某事;根据“...you get me some paper, please?”可知,此处表示请求对方帮助自己做某事,人称是第二人称。故选D。 3.Answering the phone while driving may lead to death, so ________do it. A.don’t B.can’t C.won’t D.mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:当开车的时候接电话可能会出事,所以不要那样做。考查祈使句,A. don’t不要;B. can’t不可能;C. won’t将不会;D. mustn’t禁止,观察句子这里是省略了主语,应该是用祈使句Don’t+v.原形,故选A。 九、would (一)would表示过去的意愿 1.(2022·湖北武汉·模拟预测)He pushed the door again and again, but it open. A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:他一次又一次地推门,但门打不开。考查情态动词。wouldn’t不会;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t没必要。根据“He pushed the door again and again”可知,门被推了一次又一次,因此表示不会被打开,故选A。 2.(2022·云南曲靖·一模)—Hey, boys! Do you know whom the running shoes belong to? —Hello, Mr. Clark. They ________ be Jessica’s. She often wears such shoes in our class. A.must B.can’t C.would D.needn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——嗨,孩子们!你们知道这双跑步鞋是谁的吗?——你好,Clark老师。它们一定是Jessica的。她经常在我们班里穿这样的鞋子。考查情态动词词义辨析。must必须,或表示比较很有把握的肯定推测,意为“一定,准是”;can't不能,或表示否定的猜测,意为“不可能”;would会,will的过去式,表示过去的意愿,或表示委婉的请求;needn't不需要。根据“She often wears such shoes in our class”可知她经常穿这样的鞋子,由此可以比较有把握地推测这双鞋子一定是Jessica的。故选A。 (二)would表示委婉语气 1.(2024·上海杨浦·二模)—_________ you please pass the dish to me? —Certainly, no problem. A.Must B.Should C.May D.Would 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——请你把菜递给我好吗?——当然可以,没问题。考查情态动词。Must必须;Should应该;May可以,表示许可和允许;Would可以,表示礼貌和请求。根据“you please pass the dish to me”可知此处在表示礼貌和请求,用would。故选D。 2.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模)—Grandma, _______ you like me to help you carry the big box? —No, thanks. It is empty, so it’s not heavy at all. A.do B.will C.would 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——奶奶,你要我帮你搬这个大箱子吗?——不,谢谢。它是空的,所以一点也不重。考查动词辨析。do是一般现在时助动词;will将要;would将要。根据“you like me to help you carry the big box?”可知此处是表示请求允许,应用would like to do。故选C。 十、need 1.(2025·上海浦东新·一模)With the help of AI, people _______ spend much time searching for the information on their own. A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C. mustn’t D.can’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:在人工智能的帮助下,人们不必花太多时间自己搜索信息。考查情态动词。needn’t不必;shouldn’t不应该;mustn’t一定不能;can’t不能。根据“With the help of AI, people … spend much time searching for the information on their own.”可知,此处是说“在人工智能的帮助下,人们不必花太多时间自己搜索信息”,needn’t“不必”符合句意。故选A。 2.(2024·上海奉贤·一模)—Jacky, I’m afraid it’s impossible for us to finish the project this afternoon. —Well, we ________ complete it today. It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow. A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——杰克,恐怕今天下午我们不可能完成这个项目了。——嗯,我们不必今天完成,明天交给吴教授就可以了。考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该;mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;needn’t不必。根据“It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow.”可知,今天不必完成。故选D。 十一、dare 1.(2025·福建三明·一模)—Kangkang, why do you seldom answer questions in English classes? —I want to, but I ________ not speak English in public. A.dare B.must C.shall 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——康康,为什么你在英语课上很少回答问题?——我想,但我不敢在公共场合说英语。 考查情态动词。dare敢于;must必须;shall将要。根据“why do you seldom answer questions in English classes”以及“not speak English in public.”可知是不敢在公共场合说英语。故选A。 2.(23-24九年级上·福建宁德·期末)—I wonder why you seldom answer questions in English classes. —I want to, but I ________ not speak English in public. A.dare B.must C.need 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我想知道你为什么在英语课上很少回答问题。——我想回答,但是我不敢在公共场合说英语。考查情态动词。dare敢;must必须;need需要。根据“I wonder why you seldom answer questions in English classes.”和“I want to, but...”可知,应是想回答,但是不敢,dare not“不敢”,故选A。 十二、have to 1.(2024·江苏宿迁·二模)—Mr Li, I don’t want to say sorry to Sandy. —I’m afraid you ________. After all, you broke her glasses. A.may B.have to C.mustn’t D.needn’t 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——李先生,我不想对桑迪说对不起。——恐怕你必须这么做。毕竟,你打碎了她的眼镜。 考查情态动词。may可能;have to不得不,必须;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必。根据“After all, you broke her glasses.”可知打破了对方的眼镜,所以必须给对方道歉。故选B。 2. —No, you ________. You may be back in the afternoon. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.don’t have to D.shouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——我必须在这里等一整天吗?我有很多工作要做。——不,你不需要。你可以下午就回去。考查情态动词。根据“Must I wait here all day?”可知,含有must提问的疑问句,其否定回答是don’t have to或者needn’t,故选C。 十三、had better 1.(2025·上海浦东新·一模)According to health experts, old people had better _______ every day to stay healthy. A.exercise B.to exercise C.exercising D.exercised 【答案】A 【解析】句意:根据健康专家,为了保持健康,老人最好每天锻炼。考查固定短语。exercise锻炼,动词原形;to exercise锻炼,动词不定式形式;exercising锻炼,现在分词或动名词形式;exercised锻炼,过去式或过去分词形式。根据固定短语had better do sth.“最好做某事”可知,此处应填动词原形。故选A。 2.(2025·上海长宁·一模)You had better ________ up too late tonight because you will have an exam tomorrow. A.not stay B.not staying C.not to stay D.not stayed 【答案】A 【解析】句意:你最好今晚不要熬夜太晚,因为明天你要考试。考查had better的用法。had better是情态动词,后跟动词原形,且否定句是在better后加not,即had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”。故选A。 3.(2024·上海徐汇·二模)You’d better _________ your luggage for the important papers before leaving for the airport. A.check B.to check C.checking D.checked 【答案】A 【解析】句意:在去机场之前,你最好检查一下你的行李是否有重要文件。考查动词。根据“You’d better”可知,had better do sth.“最好做某事”,动词用原形。故选A。 十四、ought to (2024·福建莆田·一模) 单项选择—Mulan Stream is the mother river of Putian people. —We ________ protect it. A.might B.dare C.ought to 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——木兰溪是莆田人的母亲河。—我们应该保护它。考查情态动词辨析。might可能;dare敢;ought to应该。根据“Mulan Stream is the mother river知,此处表示我们应该保护木兰溪。故选C。 十五、情态动词后加动词原形 1.(2024·上海宝山·一模)The traffic is so heavy in the rush hour. You’d better ________ the road conditions ahead of time. A.check B.to check C.checked D.checking 【答案】A 【解析】句意:高峰时间的交通太拥挤了。你最好提前检查一下路况。考查had better用法。had better do sth.“最好做某事”,所以此处用动词原形。故选A。 2.(2024·江苏无锡·一模)—Lily, why does our teacher always ask us to practise handwriting? —Because it’s important in exams. We ________ pay too much attention to it. A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意:—莉莉,为什么我们老师总是让我们练习书写?—因为它在考试中很重要。我们怎么注意书写都不为过。考查情态动词用法。Needn't没必要;shouldn't不应该;can't不能;mustn't禁止。根据“Because it's important in exams."可知书法在考试中很重要,我们在考试时,要多注意书写。can't.to.….表示“再.….…也不为过/不过分”,固定用法。故选C。 题型二 单词拼写 一、can (一)can表示能力/能够 1.Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you hear a thing. 【答案】can’t 【解析】句意:保护你的听力。不要等到你什么都听不见的时候。根据“Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you…hear a thing.”可知,我们要保护听力,不要等到不能听见的时候,应用can’t表示“不能”。故填can’t。 2.—Could I use your English textbook? —Yes, you . Here you are. 【答案】can 【解析】句意:——我可以使用你的英语书吗?——是的,你可以。给你。根据“Could I use...”可知此处是允许对方使用,用情态动词can。故填can。 3.— I do all the exercises today? —No, you . You do some of them. 【答案】 Must needn’t can/may 【解析】句意:——我必须今天做完所有的练习吗?——不,你不需要。你可以做一些。根据第一空后“I do all the exercises today?”可知本句是问我必须今天做完所有练习吗,此处应使用情态动词must引导一般疑问句,表示“……必须……吗”,其否定回答使用“don’t have to”或“needn’t”,you后面只有一个空格,故此处应使用needn’t。根据题干中的“No”和“do some of them”可知此处表示可以做一部分练习,may和can都意为“可以”。故填Must;needn’t;can/may。 (二)can表示请求/许可、can表示能力/能够 I find the way to the hospital. you show me the way? (can) 【答案】 can’t Could/Can 【解析】句意:我找不到去医院的路,你能给我指路吗?根据“show me the way”可知,我找不到路,故第一空用can的否定形式can’t;根据“...you show me the way?”可知,此处表示请求,故用“Can/Could you do sth”句型。故填can’t;Could/Can。 (三)can表示推测 1. That man (不可能) be Mr. Zhang. He has gone to Beijing on business. 【答案】can’t 【解析】句意:那个人不可能是张先生。他去北京出差了。结合中文提示和“He has gone to Beijing on business.”可知,此处表示把握较大的否定推测,所以空格处应填can’t。故填can’t。 2.The boy be Tom. I saw him reading in the library just now. 【答案】can’t 【解析】句意:这个男孩不可能是汤姆。刚才我看见他在图书馆看书。根据“I saw him reading in the library just now.”可知,看见汤姆在图书馆看书,所以不可能是他,can’t“不可能”,故填can’t。 二、could (一)could表示能力/能够 1.(22-23九年级上·浙江金华·期末)It was fantastic — you (能够) see the whole city, the river and the hills beyond. 【答案】could 【解析】句意:这真是太棒了——你能够看到整个城市、河流和远处的山丘。根据“It was fantastic”,可知时态为一般过去时,could“能够”,情态动词,后跟动词原形see。故填could。 2.Mozart play the piano at the age of three. 【答案】could 【解析】could表示能力/能够句意:莫扎特三岁就能弹钢琴。根据“play the piano at the age of three”可知,此处是“莫扎特三岁就能弹钢琴”,根据语境可知,是一般过去时态,此处用can的过去式,could“能,会”,是情态动词,后加动词原形。故填could。 (二)could表示委婉语气 1.(22-23九年级上·湖南常德·期末)—My phone doesn’t work. I use yours? —Sure. Here you are. 【答案】May/Could 【解析】句意:——我的手机坏了,我能用你的吗?——当然。给你。空格处所在的句子表示请求,此处表示委婉语气,应用may或could引出句子。首字母大写。故填May/Could。 2.(23-24九年级上·湖南常德·期中) you please tell me how to get to the post office? 【答案】Could 【解析】句意:你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?这是一个请求句,通常用“Could you please tell me…”来表达礼貌的请求,因此需要在句首加上“Could”。故填Could。 (三)could表示推测 She could be (shop) in the supermarket. 【答案】shopping 【解析】句意:她可能正在超市购物。根据空格前面的could be,可知此处考查“could be doing”结构,“could be doing”是属于情态动词的过去进行时态,是对过去情况的推测,表示过去可能正在做什么事情;提示词shop在句中用作动词,意思是“购物”,shop的-ing形式是shopping,故填shopping。 三、may (一)may表示请求/许可 1.—M I come in? —Yes, please. 【答案】(M)ay 【解析】句意:——我可以进来吗?——可以,请。根据“M...I come in?”可知,询问是否可以进来,may“可以”,请求许可。故填(M)ay。 (二)may、might表示推测 1.She said she (可能) be late, but she came on time. 【答案】may 【解析】句意:她说她可能迟到,但她准时来了。“可能”may,情态动词。故填may。 2.They m come, but I'm not sure. 【答案】may/might 【解析】句意:他们可能会来,但是我不确定。根据后句“but I'm not sure”及首字母提示可知,此处表示的是“可能”,是情态动词may或might,故填may/might。 3.John m come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure. 【答案】(m)ay/(m)ight 【解析】句意:约翰今晚可能来看我们,但他还不确定。根据“but he isn’t very sure”可知,此处表示不确定的可能性,may/might“可能”符合。故填(m)ay/(m)ight。 4.The police didn’t know the short thin man (或许) have done something guilty. 【答案】might 【解析】句意:警察不知道这个又矮又瘦的男人可能做了什么坏事。或许:may,情态动词,此处表示一种可能性,句子时态是一般过去时,此处用may的过去式might。故填might。 5.I attended a concert yesterday, so my schoolbag still be in the music hall. 【答案】might 【解析】句意:我昨天参加了一场音乐会,因此我的书包可能还在音乐厅。might“可能”表示推测,根据“attended a concert”可知这里推测书包遗落在音乐厅。故填might。 四、must (一)must表示必须 1.—Must I tidy my room now, Mum? —Yes, you . Your room couldn’t be dirtier. 【答案】must 【解析】句意:——妈妈,我现在必须整理我的房间吗?——是的,你必须。你的房间再脏不过了。must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。故填must。 2.Lights must (turn) off when we leave the classroom. 【答案】be turned 【解析】句意:当我们离开教室时,灯必须被关闭。主语“Lights”和谓语动词turn off在逻辑上是动宾关系,应用被动语态,must为情态动词,所以此处用含有情态动词的被动语态,结构为must be done。故填be turned。 (二)must否定表示禁止 Students play with fire in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous. 【答案】mustn’t 【解析】句意:学生禁止在教室里玩火。这很危险。根据“Students...play with fire in the classroom.”可知,很危险,所以学生禁止在教室里玩火,mustn’t“禁止”符合语境,故填mustn’t。 (三)must否定表示推测 1.(23-24九年级上·甘肃武威·期末)This restaurant is always very crowded. The food there (肯定) be very delicious. 【答案】must 【解析】句意:这家餐馆总是很拥挤。那里的食物一定很美味。must“肯定,一定”,表示很有把握的推测。故填must。 2.(22-23八年级上·四川乐山·期末)Fifty dollars for such a shirt! You (一定) be joking! 【答案】must 【解析】句意:这么一件衬衫要50美元!你一定是在开玩笑!根据所给汉语意思及“Fifty dollars for such a shirt!”可知,一定是在开玩笑,应用情态动词must“一定”,表示肯定的推测。故填must。 五、shall 1. (将要)we go out to play basketball? 【答案】Shall 【解析】句意:我们出去打篮球好吗?该句是一般疑问句,主语是we,第一人称,根据所给中文提示,shall“将要”,用来征求对方意见或是向对方提议,用于第一人称的疑问句。句首单词首字母大写,故填Shall。 2.—It’s late now. ______ we ______ (take) a taxi to get there? —Good idea. The bus stop is nearby. 【答案】Shall take 【解析】句意:——现在很晚了。我们坐出租到那里好吗?—好主意。汽车站就在附近。根据“Good idea.”可判断考查提建议的表达;又根据“….we.….(take)a taxi to get there?”可判断应用“Shall we+动词原形?”表达“我们做某事好吗?”,首字母w需大写。故填Shall;take。 六、should (一)should表示建议 1.You should (意识到) your mistake. 【答案】realize 【解析】句意:你应该意识到你的错误。根据中文提示意识到realize,动词;因在情态动词之后,用原形,故填realize。 2.You should (克服) the fear of going to Beijing alone. 【答案】overcome 【解析】句意:你应该克服独自去北京的恐惧。overcome克服,动词;根据空前“should”可知,情态动词后接动词原形。故填overcome。 (二)should表示推测 It’s nearly six o’clock. Jim be here at any moment.(用适当的情态动词填空) 【答案】should 【解析】句意:快6点了。按理说吉姆随时会来。表示根据常识以及语境,表示“按理说……;应该”用should,情态动词,后接动词原形。故填should。 (三)must表示必须、should表示责任/义务 ―May I watch TV now, Mom? ―No. You finish your online class first. 【答案】must/should 【解析】句意:——妈妈,我现在可以看电视吗?——不。你必须/应该先完成你的网课。根据空前的“No.”可知,此处指你必须/应该先完成你的网课,must“必须”/should“应该”符合。故填must/should。 七、will (一)will表示意愿 First, I will e the rules of the game. 【答案】explain 【解析】句意:首先,我会解释游戏规则。根据所给空前面的will可知,应该填的是动词原形,由 the rules of the game可知,应该是解释游戏规则,explain意为“解释”,故填explain。 (二)will表示请求 I can’t understand Japanese. Will you t for me? 【答案】translate 【解析】句意:我不懂日语。你能帮我翻译一下吗?根据I can’t understand Japanese.结合首字母提示,可知此处表达的是“翻译”,英文表达是translate,动词;will是情态动词,后跟动词原形,故答案为translate。 八、would (一)would表示过去的意愿 Our teacher said that she (assign) more homework if we did bad in the exams. 【答案】would assign 【解析】句意:我们的老师说,如果我们考试考不好,她会布置更多的家庭作业。根据“said”可知,此句时态是一般过去时。根据“if we did bad in the exams”可知空格处为虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的情况,谓语用“would+动词原形”的形式。故填would assign。 (二)would表示委婉语气 Would you please (help) me with my homework? 【答案】help 【解析】句意:请你帮助我做家庭作业可以吗?would是情态动词,表示请求,其后跟动词原形;would you please do sth.表示“请你做某事可以吗?”,固定用法。故填help。 九、包含need、can、may、must的辨析 — I do all the exercises today? —No, you . You do some of them. 【答案】 Must needn’t can/may 【解析】句意:——我必须今天做完所有的练习吗?——不,你不需要。你可以做一些。根据第一空后“I do all the exercises today?”可知本句是问我必须今天做完所有练习吗,此处应使用情态动词must引导一般疑问句,表示“……必须……吗”,其否定回答使用“don’t have to”或“needn’t”,you后面只有一个空格,故此处应使用needn’t。根据题干中的“No”和“do some of them”可知此处表示可以做一部分练习,may和can都意为“可以”。故填Must;needn’t;can/may。 十、dare 1.She’s very strict. We don’t dare a word unless she asks us to do so.(say) 【答案】to say 【解析】句意:她非常严格。除非她叫我们说,否则我们一句话也不敢说。考查“dare”作为实义动词的用法。“dare”作为实义动词,后常接动词不定式:dare to do sth.敢于做某事,空白处应填写动词的不定式。故填to say。 2. He was so shy that he didn’t dare to ________ in public. (speech) 【答案】speak 【解析】句意:他很害羞,不敢在公众场合说话。speech为名词,意为“演的相关动词speak。故填speak。 十一、have to 1.(2024·甘肃陇南·二模)It’s too late. I have (go) to work by taxi. 【答案】to go 【解析】句意:太迟了。我必须乘出租车去工作。go是动词,根据“I have”可知,此处是have to do sth“必须做某事/不得不做某事”,空处使用动词不定式。故填to go。 2. You have to ________ the theatre during the break time when the play is on. (entrance) 【答案】enter 【解析】句意:你必须在演出的休息时间进入剧院。have to do sth“必须做”,enter“进入”,故填enter。 十二、had better 1.(2024·云南昆明·二模)You’d better not to your parents or teachers, which is very impolite.(顶嘴) 【答案】talk back 【解析】句意:你最好不要和你的父母或老师顶嘴,这是很不礼貌的。talk back“顶嘴”,had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”,故填talk back。 2.(2024·山东济宁·一模) Nancy is sad now. We’d better a_______ mentioning the terrible matter. 【答案】(a)void 【解析】句意:南希现在很伤心。我们最好避免提及这件可怕的事情。根据“better do sth.“最好做某事”;结合首字母,故填(a)void。 十三、ought to 1. You ________ ________(应该) throw the rubbish into the garbage. 【答案】ought to 【解析】句意:你应该把垃圾扔进垃圾桶。ought to“应该”,是情态动词,故填ought; to。 十四、情态动词后加动词原形、ought to (23-24九年级上·云南德宏·期末)As one of the family members, we ought to . (做家务) 【答案】do housework 【解析】句意:作为家庭成员之一,我们应该做家务。根据中文提示,do housework“做家务”符合题意,为固定短语,故填do housework。 十五、情态动词后加动词原形 1.(2025·上海闵行·一模)Sam should to she teacher for being late for class. (apology) 【答案】apologize 【解析】句意:山姆应该为上课迟到向老师道歉。apology“道歉”,名词,should后应跟动词原形。apology的动词形式是apologize,故填apologize。 2.(2025·四川成都·一模)We can’t p something unexpected in our lives. Just face and deal with it actively. 【答案】(p)revent/(p)redict 【解析】句意:我们无法阻止/预测生活中意想不到的事情的发生。只能积极面对和处理。空处位于情态动词can’t后,填动词原形。根据“something unexpected in our lives”和“Just face and deal with it actively”以及首字母提示可知,此处指无法阻止或预测意想不到的事情的发生。prevent“阻止”,predict“预测”,都是动词。故填(p)revent/(p)redict。 3.(24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)During his lifetime, Wu Mengchao saved thousands of lives. We can’t (赞扬) him too much. 【答案】praise 【解析】句意:在他的一生中,吴孟超拯救了数以千计的生命。我们再怎么赞扬他也不为过。考查动词用法,can’t后跟动词原形,故填praise。 4.(24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末)We should know more about manners so that we can b well in public. 【答案】(b)ehave 【解析】句意:我们应该更多了解礼仪,这样我们在公共场合才能表现更好。根据“We should know more about manners”可知这样才能表现更好,“表现好”可以用“behave well”来表达,“can”后面用动词原形,直接填“behave”即可。故填(b)ehave。 题型三 语篇填空 一、短文填空——首字母填空 (2023江苏扬州改编)Peter Pan wishes Wendy,John and Michael, especially Wendy,would stay in Neverland forever but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. Mrs.Darling is playing the piano.Peter didn't know the tune,Home,Sweet Home,but he knows it's saying, “Come back,Wendy, Wendy,Wendy.”Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs.Darling's eyes. “She loves Wendy,”he thinks.“But I love Wendy,too.We c both have her.” 【答案】can't 【解析】空后有动词原形have,空处应考虑填情态动词。根据上文“She loves Wendy”及“But I love Wendy,too.”并结合语境可知,Peter Pan和Darling夫人都爱着Wendy, 但是他们两个不 能同时和她在一起。结合首字母提示及全文时态可知,答案为can't。 二、选词填空 (一) 用should, shouldn’t, ought, oughtn’t填空 Electricity is very important to our lives. Almost everyone today uses electricity in one way or another. As you know it is precious (宝贵的), so we 1 try our best to save electricity. For example, we 2 to turn on more lights than we need. You 3 to turn fans on when you leave a room. We 4 leave the fridge open after we have taken something out. We 5 to turn off the lights after we leave school. 【答案】1.should 2.oughtn’t 3.oughtn’t 4.shouldn’t 5.ought 【解析】本文是关于电的重要性及如何在生活中省电。 1.句意:正如你所知道的,它是宝贵的,所以我们应该尽力节约用电。根据句意可知是“应该”,空格后面是动词原形,故填should。 2.句意:例如,我们不应该开比我们需要更多的灯。根据句意可知是“不应该”,空格后面是动词不定式,故填oughtn’t。 3.句意:你离开房间时不应该打开电扇。根据句意可知是“不应该”,空格后面是动词不定式,故填oughtn’t。 4.句意:我们拿完东西后不应该让冰箱开着。根据句意可知是“不应该”,空格后面是动词原形,故填shouldn’t。 5.句意:我们离开学校后应该关灯。根据句意可知是“应该”,空格后面是动词不定式,故填ought。 (二) call  plan  practice  write  be  go  travel  miss  start  worry  not drive (节选) "Pretty good. I like the life here very much, especially the people here. They are friendly and nice. What's more, I 6 my Chinese as much as possible, " she said with a smile on her face. With a few friends around her, she feels very happy, but sometimes, she still misses her old friends in America. When she misses them. she writes to them or chats with them online. I think Tina is lucky because she has the chance of travelling/traveling to a foreign country and enjoying different cultures. 【答案】6.can practise 【解析】句意:更重要的是,我可以尽可能多地练习我的中文。根据句意及所给单词是practise练习,首先根据句式可知,本句话缺少谓语,且根据句意可知,译为“我可以尽可能多的练习汉语”,故答案是can practise。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!16 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

资源预览图

专题20 情态动词(清单+专练)-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习知识清单
1
专题20 情态动词(清单+专练)-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习知识清单
2
专题20 情态动词(清单+专练)-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习知识清单
3
所属专辑
相关资源
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。