Unit 2 Rules around us 重点语法Grammar：祈使句和情态动词 must（同步课件）英语新教材沪教版五四学制六年级下册

语法单元 Unit2 Rules around us 教师______ 学校______ 祈使句 Let’s play a game! 根据口令表演动作 Stand up! Raise your right hands! Touch your head! Close your left eye! Clap your hand! Stamp your feet! Shake hands with your deskmate! Sit down! 01 Definition 祈使句的定义 Please look at these sentences. Stand up. Raise your right hand. Touch your head. 祈使句 Shake hands with your deskmate. 表示请求、命令、劝告等的句子，通常说话的对象是______________, 常被省略。 Close your left eye. 第二人称you 记住 “VBLD”, 正确使用祈使句 Don't eat in class. Don't arrive late for class. Don't sleep in class. Don't draw on the wall. Don't talk in class. Don't play sports in the classroom. Don't fight. Don't listen to music in class. school rules Don't... 02 Structure 祈使句的形式结构 小练笔 1. this book to your English teacher. (give) 2. careful. (be) 3. a good girl. (be) 4. Please it to him.= it to him, please. (give) Give Be Be give Give 解题技巧：找特征，定类型。 无主语，祈使句，动词原形别忘了。 必备技能：动原打头定祈使 小练笔 1. be noisy in the library. 2. waste water. 3. throw the rubbish everywhere. 4. No ! (park) 5. No ! (dog) Don't Don't Don't 解题技巧：Don't+动词原型 No+名词或动名词 parking dogs 1. Please open your books.(变否定) Please _____ _____ your books. _____ ______ your books, please. 2. Let’s do it together.(变否定) Let’s ____ ____ it together. 3. Let Jack clean the blackboard. Let Jack _____ _____ the blackboard. Homework don't open Don't open not do not clean 4. “_____ exercise every day, my child. It’s good for your health.” Father said. A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Takes 5. -- “Sorry for being late again.” -- “_____ here on time next time, or you’ll be punished.” A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been 6. The work is hard for you. _____ me help you. A. Let’s B. Let C. Letting D. Let to 7. Sara! _____ talk loudly. The baby is sleeping right now. A. Do B. Does C. Don’t D. Doesn’t C A B C 情态动词must must ①表示“必须，应该”。 We must look at the blockboard. ②表示推测“一定”。 There is someone knocking at the door . It must be Jim. ③否定句中，mustn’t 表示禁止，“不允许”。 We mustn't park the car here. ④有must，变一般疑问句将must 提前到句首，肯定句回答用must,否定 回答用needn’t , 表示“不需要，不必”=“don’t have to”. Must I park the car here？ Yes，you must. No,you needn't. 19 ⑤. must 与 have to 的区别 (1) 两者都表示“必须”，但must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to 则重于客观需要，含有“不得不”“被迫”之意。 e. g. Everyone must keep the law. 人人都要守法。 e. g. The last train has gone. We’ll have to walk home. 最后一班车已经开了，我们得走回家了。 (2) 从时态方面看，must 只有现在时一种形式(在宾语从句中可以表示过去)，而 have to 则有多种时态形式。 e. g. You will have to show your papers at the gate. 在大门口你得出示证件。 e. g. We have had to postpone the meeting, due to the Chairwoman’s illness. 由于女主席生病了，我们不得不推迟开会。 (3) 另外，have to 可以有分词、动名词、不定式等形式，而 must 则没有这些形式。 e. g. It’s annoying to have to get up early on Sundays. 星期日必须早起，令人恼火。 e. g. You should offer to help without my having to ask. 你应该不用我请求就提供帮助。 (4) 用于否定句时，must 的否定式 mustn’t 意为“一定不要”“不允许”；而have to的否定 式don’t have to 意为“不必”(=needn’t)。比较： e. g. You mustn’t tell him about it． 你一定不要告诉他这件事。(可能是秘密) e. g. You don’t have to tell him about it． 你不必告诉他这件事。(他可能知道了) 1．To ensure the safety of all students, the school has a rule that you __________ leave the classroom during the class without permission. A．must B．mustn’t C．don’t have to D．can 2．Pigeons ________ fly at speeds of over 100km per hour. That’s as fast as my dad’s car! A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 3．Cars, buses and bikes ________ stop when the traffic light is red. A．can B．must C．may D．need 【答案】B 【答案】C 【答案】B see you again $$