第4节 语音教学设计-高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析
2025-03-03
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教辅
重庆大学电子音像出版社有限公司
进店逛逛 内容正文:
活动,引导学生正确理解或产出语流,感知或表达意图和态度。
除了基本的音素、单词、短语以及句子的发音练习之外,教师可结合听力练习,充分利用
现代技术和各种 App,以及真实、自然的语言材料,在语境中引导学生感知、模仿英语的发
音。 也可以通过诗歌朗诵、戏剧表演、影视配音等活动提高学生发音的准确性和情感表达的
得体性,以实现培养学生进行有效交际的目的。
思考题:你了解的可以帮助学生练习语音的资源有哪些?
5. 综合性原则
语音教学不能孤立进行,而是需要将语音练习和实践融入有意义、真实的任务型活动
中。 这就需要教师创设情境,或利用现代教育技术、各种网络资源,搭建多维度的语音教学
及实践平台,结合读、听、看等语言输入活动,通过模仿练习,让学生朗读或口语表达等输出
活动,综合性地进行语音实践练习。
语音教学和词汇教学、语法教学不可分割。 语法、词汇、语音是语言的三大要素,它们在
语言内部有相对的独立性,但同时也相互制约,密不可分。 语音教学需结合语法、词汇教学,
使学习者通过对单词、短语、句子,以及篇章的朗读,对各种词类重弱读的理解,对各种句型
语音语调的把握,来认知、感受、体验,理解各种主题篇章表达的信息,并分析和阐释语篇反
映的情感态度和价值观,以提高思维能力。
思考题:在语音教学中教师应如何引导学生理解和表达观点、情感和态度?
第四节 语音教学设计
问题导入:
(1)语音教学中如何让学生感知英语语音特征?
(2)设计音素、重音、节奏、语调教学时,可采用哪些活动?
语音教学可以分层次展开,从音素、音节、重音节奏、意群停顿、语调,以及连读等方面进
行单项训练,也可以综合训练。 无论哪一种方式,目的就是让学生能够感知并熟悉语音特
征,学好语音,以便更好地组织语言、沟通交际。 单纯靠听和模仿培养出来的学生,有较强的
依赖性,一旦离开了学校和老师就不知所从;而理解了语音规则和熟悉规则在不同的语言、
文化、交际场合下的变化的学生,则能举一反三,活学活用(乐金马、 韩天霖, 2006)。
1. 意识提升
意识提升(Awareness Raising)活动可以使学生感知英语语音特征,如音素、重音节奏、语
调、意群停顿等方面。 在感知特征的基础上,学生可明确语音学习目标,提高语音学习效率。
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
活动 1:发音位置
活动说明:教师选择一组音素,例如:元音 / iː / 、 / uː / ,朗读单词 tea,two,示范其中元音
/ iː / 、 / uː /的发音,在两个音之间转换: / iː uː iː uː / ,先慢后快,学生观察教师口型变
化,模仿发音并感知两个元音发音部位的不同与变化。
元音 / iː / 的发音位置:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬腭抬起,略微扁唇。
元音 / uː / 的发音位置:舌尖离开下齿,舌身后缩,口型收圆并用力向前突出。
活动 2:单词重音
活动说明:教师选择一个多音节词,变换单词重音,朗读单词,学生仔细听,感受单词重
音的变换,判断哪种重音模式听起来最自然,学生在听辨感知的过程中提升单词的重音
意识。
例如:competition
COMpetition comPEtition compeTItion competiTION
活动 3:重音与节奏
活动说明:教师呈现下列内容,逐行朗读,每行音节数量递增,但是重音不会发生变化,
发音时长基本保持不变,学生仔细听并感知重读音节及节奏特征。
# of syllables
No.1 1 2 3 4 5
No.2 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and 5
No.3 1 and a 2 and a 3 and a 4 and a 5
No.4 1 and then a 2 and then a 3 and then a 4 and then a 5
活动 4:意群与停顿
活动说明:教师选用一个句子或者一小段文字,朗读三遍,第一遍句中的每个单词之间
都作停顿,第二遍用错误的意群停顿,第三遍用正确的意群停顿朗读,学生感知教师传递信
息的效果。
例如:The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest sights in the world—the longest wall in
the world.
A. The / Great / Wall / of / China / is / one / of / the / greatest / sights / in / the /
world— / the / longest / wall / in / the / world.
B. The Great / Wall of / China is / one of / the greatest / sights in the / world—the longest /
wall in / the world.
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
C. The Great Wall of China / is one of the greatest sights / in the world— / the longest wall /
in the world.
活动 5:语调变化
活动说明:教师用不同的语调说出相同的一句话,学生仔细听,感知教师语调的变化,同
时感知不同语调传递的不同情感。
例如:His name is ↘Tom.
His name is ↗Tom.
His name is Tom.
His name is Tom.
2. 明确教授
明确教授是语音教学的重要环节。 教师在这一环节讲授语音规则,示范发音;学生学习
规则,模仿发音并内化语音规则,为正确的发音奠定基础。
活动 1:音素
活动说明:教师利用发音器官图(图 3⁃1),解释音素发音时舌位、唇型等发生的变化。 教
师示范发音,学生观察教师口型的变化;学生模仿发音,可以对照镜子观察自己或观察同伴
发音时口型的变化。
图 3⁃1 发音器官图
目标音素:元音 / iː / / i /
步骤 1:教师呈现单词及其元音的音标:sheep / iː / ,ship / i / ,教师先朗读单词,再示范单词
中的元音 / iː / 、 / i / ,学生听辨并模仿。
步骤 2:教师展示发音器官图,解释发音要领并示范:元音发音时,气流畅通无阻。
元音 / iː /发音时:舌尖抵下齿,舌位较高,舌前部向硬腭抬起,开口度小,呈扁平状。
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
元音 / i /发音时:舌前部向硬腭抬起,舌位比 / i: /稍低、稍后,口型扁平,开口比 / iː /稍大,
舌前部也比发 / iː /时稍下降。
步骤 3:学生模仿教师 / iː / 、 / i /的发音,同伴互相观察发音时的口型。
步骤 4:学生朗读下表中的单词,进行发音对比练习。
/ iː / / i / / iː / / i /
feet fit leap lip
beat bit deed did
seat sit keen kin
sleep slip feel fill
活动 2:音节与单词重音
活动说明:教师根据重音规则朗读单词或短语;学生感知辨识英语的音节和重音。 在此
基础上教师讲授音节划分和重音规则,示范读音;学生模仿练习,学习规则。
目标:单词重音
步骤 1:教师利用 PPT 解释单词重音的一种标注模式,O 表示重读音节,o 表示非重读音
节。 如:①Oo 表示双音节词,第一个音节重读; ②oO 表示双音节词,第二个音节重读;③Ooo
表示三音节词,第一个音节重读;④oOoo 表示四个音节的词,第二个音节重读。
步骤 2:教师呈现并朗读以下单词,突出重读音节的发音;学生听辨,记录每个单词重音
模式的编号。
mother table family company farmer government psychology defective
democracy passport newspaper blackboard exclude opportunity arise
步骤 3:教师呈现下列内容,带领学生一起朗读单词;学生感知音节与单词重音(大写表
示重读音节)。
①
Oo
②
oO
③
Ooo
④
oOoo
MOther
TAble
FARmer
NEWSpaper
BLACKboard
aRISE
beLIEVE
preFER
enFORCE
COMpany
GOVernment
FAmily
psyCHOlogy
opporTUnity
deMOcracy
步骤 4:教师结合表格中的单词,讲授英语音节和单词重音规则。
元音是构成音节的主体,辅音是构成音节的分界线。 音节以语音形式划分:①两个元音
之间有一个辅音字母时,辅音字母划分在后一个音节,如:ta / ble, pre / fer。 ②两个元音之间
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
有两个辅音字母时,分开前后各一个辅音字母,例如:com / pany, sis / ter。 ③字母组合按照字
母组合划分音节,如:lea / der, daugh / ter。
单词的基本重音规则
(1)单音节词重读,如 LATE,整个单词发音响亮。
(2)双音节名词和形容词的重音通常在第一个音节上,如,MOther, TAble, FARmer
等。 英语中前缀和后缀一般不重读,如 aRISE, exCLUDE, deFECtive 等。
(3)三音节词的重音一般在第一个音节,如 COMpany, GOVernment, FAmily 等。
(4)四个或者四个以上音节的多音节词,重音一般在倒数第三个音节上,如
psyCHOlogy, opporTUnity, deMOcracy 等。
(5)由两个单词构成的复合词,一般重读第一个词,如 PASSport, NEWSpaper,
BLACKboard, TEApot 等。
(6)有双重作用的单词,如既可以作名词,也可以作动词,作名词时,重音一般在第
一个音节;作动词时,重音一般在第二个音节。 如 CONtact (n.), conTACT ( v.),
REbel(n.), reBEL(v.) 等。
步骤 5:教师朗读下列单词,学生仔细听辨,根据示例,选用任意一种方式标注单词重音。
方法 1 方法 2 方法 3 方法 4
computer computer comPUter comˈputer oOo
rainbow
recover
despite
humour
dinosaur
步骤 6:学生根据自己标注的重音,朗读单词。 如:RAINbow, reˈcover, despite( oO),
humour, dinosaur (Ooo)。
活动 3:句子重音与节奏
活动说明:教师播放录音或者自己朗读句子;学生听辨句子的重音,感知句子重音和节
奏,总结句子重音规则,朗读练习。
步骤 1:教师朗读下列句子;学生听辨,选择节奏模式。 节奏模式用点和短线表示,点表
示发音较短、较快的非重读音节,短线表示发音较长、较响亮清晰的重读音节。
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
Sentences A B
①I know him. • _ • _ • •
②She is young. • • _ • _ •
③Mary works. • • _ _ • _
④Rome is in Italy. _ • • _ • _ _• • •
⑤Paris is a large city. _ _• • _ • • _ • • •_ _•
⑥I bought a loaf of bread. • _ • _ • _ • _ • •_ •
⑦She wants to buy a new car _ _ • • • _ _ • _ • _ • _ _
⑧He wrote the letters very quickly. • _ • _ • _ _ • _ _ • •_ • _ •
步骤 2:学生结对,根据正确的节奏模式(①A ②A ③B ④A ⑤B ⑥A ⑦B ⑧A),
朗读句子,同伴互相检查朗读是否正确。
步骤 3:学生结对或小组探究,归纳重读音节和非重读音节所在词的词性。
步骤 4:教师讲解句子重音的规则。
句子重音的基本规则
(1)名词、实义动词、形容词、副词、指示代词、数量词等实义词在句子中重读。
(2)冠词、介词、代词、连词、助动词等虚词在句子中非重读。
(3)一般来说,一个句子中的重读单词多于一个,但通常句中的最后一个实词或重
读音节读音最重,被称为中心词。 中心词的位置可以根据交际意图发生变化,因此
重音的变化会产生语义的变化。
步骤 5:学生朗读下列句子,注意节奏和重音,标注句子的节奏模式。 (点表示发音较
短、较快的非重读音节,短线表示发音较长、较响亮清晰的重读音节。)
e.g. We found it. • _ •
①Its a present.
②I need some help.
③He likes to read.
④He brought a present for Anna.
⑤I dont know his name.
步骤 6:教师朗读,学生听辨,检查自己的节奏模式标注是否正确。
①Its a present. • • _
②I need some help. • _ • _
③He likes to read. • _ • _
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
④He brought a present for Anna. • _ • _ • _
⑤I dont know his name. • _ _ • _
活动 4:意群与停顿
活动说明:教师播放录音或者自己示范朗读;学生听辨、感知句子的停顿,发现停顿的规
律。 教师讲授意群与停顿的关系,停顿变化产生的语义变化;学生练习,内化规则。
1)停顿规则
步骤 1:教师呈现并朗读下列句子,学生听辨,在停顿处用斜线 / 标记。
①Where there is a will, there is a way.
②A year has four seasons: spring, summer,autumn and winter.
③He who can endure the greatest hardships will be the greatest among men.
④Last weekend, my friend and I went hiking for three hours up Mount Huashan in
Shaanxi.
步骤 2:教师呈现停顿标记的句子;学生结对朗读,讨论停顿的特征。
①Where there is a will, / there is a way.
②A year has four seasons: / spring, / summer, / autumn and winter.
③He / who can endure the greatest hardships / will be the greatest / among men.
④Last weekend, / my friend and I went hiking / for three hours / up Mount Huashan / in
Shaanxi.
步骤 3:教师结合学生的讨论情况,讲解停顿规则。
意群与停顿规则
写作者通过标点符号,例如,句号、冒号、分号,逗号等把句子分为不同的意群。
说话者利用停顿表达句子意群划分。 另外,意群还可以根据表达的意义和语法结
构划分,如句③中,who can endure the greatest hardships 为定语从句,will be the
greatest 为句子的谓语部分,among men 为介词短语,每个部分为一个完整的语义单
位,构成一个意群,可以停顿。
短语的末尾常常也是一个意群的末尾,语调要略微下降,偶尔还会有简短停
顿。 典型意群的划分取决于短语的长度。 介词短语、动词短语和名词短语都可以
成为一个意群。 从句的结束,常常就是一个意群的结束,语调要略有下降,有时还
伴有简短停顿。 过渡性或插入性的表达形式,可以形成独立的意群(琳达、 格兰
特,2003)。
步骤 4:学生朗读下列句子,判断意群及停顿标记位置是否正确。
①Id like to / introduce my teacher / David.
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
②Microsoft CEO Bill Gates started / a charity to fight / poverty.
③The teacher said, / “That student is really smart!”
④I failed / my exam because I was too tired to study.
⑤A beautiful / women and her dog entered the / room.
⑥My mother and I / never walk barefoot / at night.
步骤 5:教师朗读句子并解释:句子①,③和⑥的意群停顿标记正确,句子②,④和⑤错
误。 句②中, started a charity, to fight a poverty 为动词短语和动词不定式短句,中间不能停
顿, 句④中 I failed my exam 是主句部分,中间可以不停顿。 第⑤句中, A beautiful women 是
形容词短语, entered the room 是动词短语,都是完整的意群,不能停顿。
正确停顿如下:
②Microsoft CEO Bill Gates / started a charity / to fight poverty.
④I failed my exam / because I was too tired to study.
⑤A beautiful women / and her dog / entered the room.
步骤 6:学生根据正确的停顿朗读句子。
2)停顿与语义变化
步骤 1:教师呈现下图,学生朗读图片中的句子,判断两个句子的表达,回答问题:Who is
hard⁃working? (Gerst & Peralejo, 2011)
步骤 2:教师根据学生回应,示范朗读句子,解释停顿变化产生的语义变化:第①句中语
义:The teacher is hard⁃working. 而第②句中:That student is hard⁃working.
步骤 3:学生根据停顿标注朗读句子,体验语义变化。
①The teacher said, / “That student is hard⁃working.”
②“The teacher”, / said that student, / “ is hard⁃working.”
步骤 4:学生根据括号中给出的句意,给句子标出停顿,朗读句子。
①Mary says that man is a fool. (In Marys mind, the man is a fool.)
②Mary says that man is a fool. (In the mans mind, Mary is a fool.)
步骤 5:教师检查学生朗读,并示范朗读;学生跟读。
①Mary says, / “ that man is a fool.”
②“Mary,” / says that man, / “is a fool.”
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
活动 5:语调变化
活动说明:学生通过语调的听辨,感知不同语调,总结不同语调的句子种类,教师讲解语
调的基本规则,学生掌握基本规则之后,辨识交际活动中语调的变化产生的语义变化,学习
根据不同语境,情境和交际意图,调整说话的语调。
1)语调规则
步骤 1:教师呈现下列句子,用正常的语调朗读;学生听辨,判断每句粗体单词的语调,在
句子后的括号中写上 R 或者 F,R(Rising Tone)表示升调,F(Falling Tone)表示降调。
①What are you talking about? ( )
②He is very tall. ( )
③Are you listening? ( )
④She bought bread, cheese, oranges, and apples. ( )
⑤How much is it? ( )
⑥Listen to the story. ( )
⑦Are you studying English or French? ( )
⑧How beautiful her voice is! ( )
⑨Its not too far, is it? ( )
⑩Would you like coffee or tea? ( )
步骤 2:学生结对,朗读句子,检查标注的语调是否正确。
步骤 3:教师呈现答案,再次朗读句子,学生模仿读音。
①What are you talking about? (F)
②He is very tall. (F)
③Are you listening? (R)
④She bought bread, cheese, oranges, and apples. (R)
⑤How much is it? (F)
⑥Listen to the story. (F)
⑦Are you studying English or French? (F)
⑧How beautiful her voice is! (F)
⑨Its not too far, is it? (F)
⑩Would you like coffee or tea? (R)
步骤 4:学生总结使用不同语调的句子类型。
步骤 5:教师讲解语调的基本规则。
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
语调规则
语调( Intonation)是声音在音调上的上升或下降的变化。 英语的基本语调是降
调和升调。 根据语义产生降升调、升降调和平调等。 降调通常落在句子的最后一
个重读词的重读音节上,降调主要用于陈述句、表达命令的祈使句、感叹句和特殊
疑问句。 升调指的是句子结尾用扬起的声调,升调主要用于一般疑问句,表示关切
的祈使句,征求意见的反义疑问句等。
步骤 6:教师呈现下列句子;学生朗读并标注语调,↘表示降调,↗表示升调。
①It is kind of you to help me.
②Does it work?
③One, two, three, four and five.
④Do you want to drive or walk?
⑤Are you happy, arent you?
⑥When will you come back?
步骤 7:教师呈现答案,解释并朗读;学生核对并跟读。
①It is kind of you to ↘help me.
②Does it ↗work?
③↗One, ↗two, ↗three, ↗four and ↘five.
④Do you want to ↗drive or ↘walk?
⑤Are you ↘happy, ↗arent you?
⑥When will you ↘come back?
2)语调与语义变化
步骤 1:教师呈现下列句子,朗读句子;学生听辨,标注语调,感知语义变化。
①a. Could you close the door?
b. Could you close the door?
②a. The matter is very urgent.
b. The matter is very urgent.
③a. Youre from Shanghai, arent you?
b. Youre from Shanghai, arent you?
步骤 2:学生根据标注的语调朗读,并猜测每句话的语义。
①a. Could you close the ↗door?
b. Could you close the ↘door?
②a. The matter is very ↘urgent.
b. The matter is very ↗urgent.
③a. Youre from Shanghai, ↘arent you?
b. Youre from Shanghai, ↗arent you?
步骤 3:教师朗读句子并解释语义变化:第①组一般疑问句用升调表示礼貌;降调则传递
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
出说话人的不礼貌,甚至粗鲁。 第②组陈述句中,降调表达肯定;升调表达疑问、不确定。 第
③组反义疑问句中,降调表达对前面信息确定,有把握;升调表达不确定,希望得到更多信息
或澄清。
步骤 4:学生结对,用不同语调朗读下列句子,讨论语义变化。
①Would you pass me the salt?
②She is late, isnt she?
③Her name is Anna.
♦练习应用(本部分练习答案见本章末)
1)音素
练习 1:听教师朗读以下几组音素,在每组不同的音素上画圈。
①/ iː / / e / / iː / / iː /
② / uː / / uː / / uː / / ʊ /
③ / əʊ / / ɔɪ / / ɔɪ / / ɔɪ /
④ / ʃ / / ʃ / / s / / ʃ /
⑤ / tʃ / / ts / / ts / / ts /
练习 2:最小对立体活动。 听教师朗读下列音素对比材料,在不同的辅音音素下面画线。
e.g. west — vest
book — cook back — pack day — lay jury — fury sure — lure job — rob
练习 3:听教师朗读下列音素对比材料,在相同的元音音素下面画线。
e.g. cat — bag
hut — but shy — why glass — grass rain — train size — rise dog — frog
练习 4:朗读下列单词,根据要求删除音素,朗读并对比发音。
删除的音素
ago / ə / go
cat / k /
dark / d /
hair / h /
hear / h /
sand / n /
stand / t /
pear / p /
seat / s /
cash / k /
fill / f /
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
练习 5:朗读下列单词,根据要求替换音素,朗读并对比发音。
替换的音素
pool / p / — / f / fool
suffer / f / — / p /
sin / s / — / θ /
mat / t / — / θ /
shore / ʃ / — / tʃ /
safe / f / — / v /
led / d / — / t /
batch / tʃ / — / dʒ /
come / k / — / g /
trip / tr / — / dr /
练习 6: 朗读下列句子,辨识音素 / b / ,并画线标注。
①Janie read a book by the babbling brook.
②The child bounced the ball at the backyard barbeque.
③The barbarians broke through the barricade.
④He acts silly at times, but he was blessed with a brilliant brain.
⑤The beautiful bouquet blossomed in the bright sun.
练习 7:朗读下列句子,辨识音素 / f / ,并画线标注。
①Your friends will flip⁃flop fast when facing trouble.
②Our financial future fell into a free fall.
③The stuntman flipped from a forty foot Ferris wheel.
④I forgot my flip phone but felt free.
⑤Thats the first photo of France from the Moon.
练习 8:听教师朗读童谣,在相同的尾韵下面画线。
Star light, star bright,
Five star I see tonight,
I wish I may, I wish I might
Have the wish I wish tonight.
练习 9:听教师朗读下列单词,根据示例将单词分类。
track spill snap lap snack hall trap flag pill rag
knit call small fit spit still pack mill tag pit
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
hat bat, pat, tat
tap
bag
ball
black
sit
hill
2)音节
练习 1:听教师朗读右框中的单词,数一数每个单词的音节数,根据音节数,将单词填入相应
的表格。
Syllable(s) Words
1
2
3
table cite ease import increase
family company condition further tip
activist pin doll harbour effective
练习 2:听教师朗读下列单词,根据示例标注出单词的第一个音节。
e.g. international—in / ternational
foggy frozen hearing invisible painful sympathize member naughty
练习 3:听教师朗读下列单词,根据示例标注出单词的最后一个音节。
e.g. overjoyed—overjoy / ed
sweetness puzzle foundation necklace process observe pattern patience
3)单词重音
练习 1:朗读下列单词,根据示例,把单词放在相应的列。
report couple alarm airsick apply context
replace forward employ advice habit mirror
likely indeed platform publish unusual piano
Column 1
Oo(重音在第一个音节)
Column 2
oO(重音在第二个音节)
couple report
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
练习 2:朗读下列单词,根据重音模式,对单词进行归类。
plumber electrician doctor journalist musician worker soldier
governess carpenter lecturer actor policeman fireman businessman
artist farmer scientist explorer gardener designer educator
Oo Ooo oOo Oooo ooOo
练习 3:朗读下列单词,找出每组重音位置不同的词,根据示例对其进行标注(重音用大写
标注)。
e.g. family, barbecue, cinema, tradition traDItion
①insect,campus, resource, journal
②graduate, particular, specific, addition
③telephone, industry, understand, actually
④mistake, prefer, rather, begin
⑤summary, positive, athlete, deliver
练习 4:朗读下列句子,根据示例标注出画线单词的重读音节(重音用大写标注),并写出
词性。
Sentences Stress Pattern Part of Speech
a) The object of the game is to improve childrens
math skills.
b) I object to having to rewrite the article.
OBject
obJECT
noun
verb
①a) Ill record the film and we can all watch it
later.
b) I try to keep a record of everything I spend.
②a) Im looking for a present for Mark.
b) You must present your passport to the customs
officer.
③a) Many of us have no direct contact with elderly
people.
b) I would have to find another way to contact him.
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
Continued
Sentences Stress Pattern Part of Speech
④a) The price rise caused many readers to desert
the magazine.
b) He was pointing off toward the desert.
⑤a) Students protest the decision.
b) The school has received over 3,000 letters of
protest.
4)句子重音
练习 1:朗读下面的句子,根据示例在实义词下面画线。
e.g.: Have you heard of Chinese philosopher, Confucius?
①Man belongs to the earth.
②He wants to get out and see the world.
③Theyve been talking about doing that for years.
④In three weeks, hell be working as a full⁃time clerk.
⑤We are still waiting for the artwork to come back from the printers.
练习 2:根据每句中重读的词,将 Column A 中的句子和 Column B 中表达的意义进行匹配。
Column A Column B
I wanted him to say the sentence. And he did.
I wanted him to say the sentence. Not write it down.
I wanted him to say the sentence. Not the word.
I wanted him to say the sentence Not her!
I wanted him to say the sentence. Me not you!
练习 3:朗读下面的句子,根据括号中句子表达的意义在需要重读的词下面画线。
①I said she might consider a new car. ( It was my idea.)
②I said she might consider a new car. (Dont you understand me?)
③I said she might consider a new car. (No another person)
④I said she might consider a new car. ( Its a possibility.)
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
⑤I said she might consider a new car. (She should think about it. Its a good idea)
⑥I said she might consider a new car. (Not just a car.)
⑦I said she might consider a new car. (Not something else.)
5)意群与停顿
练习 1:朗读下列句子,用斜线( / )标出正确的意群停顿位置。
①Ive got to study. Where have I put my book?
②If you speak in thought groups, youll be easier to understand.
③The fact is, thought groups make you sound more fluent.
④A university education in the United States can be quite expensive.
⑤Graduate students often apply for scholarships to help pay their tuition.
⑥If they have good grades they may succeed in getting funding.
⑦Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument built of massive stone pillars.
⑧The Great Wall of China runs east and west through Northern China.
⑨The pyramids of Egypt served as tombs for kings and queens.
⑩Mount Fuji, the highest mountain in Japan, is an active volcano.
练习 2:朗读下面句子,根据右列给出的句意,用斜线( / )标出意群停顿。
① The teacher said, “ That student is
intelligent.”
“The teacher,” said that student, “ is
intelligent.”
The student is intelligent.
The teacher is intelligent.
②It was really hot. Outside, the temperature
was 40 degrees.
It was really hot outside. The temperature
was 40 degrees.
It was very hot outside (inside and outside).
It was very hot outside (40 degrees).
③A woman without her man is nothing.
A woman without her man is nothing.
A woman is nothing (without her man).
Man is nothing (without the woman).
④The nurse looked over my head.
The nurse looked over my head.
The nurse examined my head quickly.
The nurse looked above my head.
⑤If you finish quickly leave the classroom.
If you finish quickly leave the classroom.
Leave the classroom the moment you finish the
task.
Finish the task quickly, then leave the
classroom.
练习 3:朗读下面一段文字,标出正确的意群停顿位置(用单斜线 / 表示一个短的停顿,双斜
线 / / 表示一个较长的停顿)。
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
Does it really matter whether people speak with an accent as long as they can be easily
understood many people now believe that in an increasingly globalized world we should accept
variations in pronunciation that is accent. however theres no point in speaking with an accent if
people cant understand you is there?
6)语调
练习 1:朗读下面句子,判断每组句子中粗体单词的语调,找出一个语调不同的选项,写在
右栏。
Groups Sentences Different Choice
① A. How many stories have you read?
B. What a wonderful surprise!
C. Thats nothing to be so pleased about.
D. Its a nice day, isnt it?
② A. Its an excellent opportunity!
B. They visited France, Spain, Italy, and Greece.
C. Does she read books in the morning or at night?
D. Would you like to have a cup of tea?
③ A. Close your books.
B. Are you here?
C. When did it happen?
D. Why are you laughing?
④ A. How often do you go there?
B. Id like orange juice, omelet, toast, honey, and green tea.
C. She speaks English, doesnt she?
D. You werent late, were you?
练习 2:朗读下列句子,根据句子种类标出语调和重音( ˈ 表示重读音节,↘表示降调,↗表示
升调)。
①Tell me the truth.
②Nice weather, isnt it?
③How well she sings!
④He will help them, wont he?
⑤Does he speak English or German?
⑥Can I borrow your dictionary, please?
⑦Are the students ready for the test?
⑧What time should I call you?
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
⑨Would you like an apple or a pear?
⑩Whose book is this?
练习 3:根据语调( ˈ 表示重读音节,↘表示降调,↗表示升调)朗读下列句子,判断说话者语
气是否确定并在相应的地方画√。
Certain Uncertain
①ˈThey ˈtold me to ˈcome ↘yesterday.
②The ˈreports are ˈdue next ↗Monday.
③ˈSimon ˈfailed his ↗test.
④ˈAngel ˈprefers ˈcoffee over ↗tea.
⑤ Our ˈcompany ˈplans to ↘expand.
⑥ˈYou need to ˈgive it to ↗her.
⑦ˈWednesday is ˈJulies ↘birthday.
⑧ˈHe ˈaccepted a ˈjob in ↗Shanghai.
⑨My ˈcousin ˈadopted two ˈkittens ↘yesterday.
⑩The ˈtrain was ˈdelayed for an ˈhour this ↘morning.
练习 4:朗读下列对话,根据其功能标注特殊疑问句中的语调(↘表示降调,↗表示升调)。
Dialogues Functions
e.g. A: I cant access my savings account.
B: Which ↗account?
A: My savings account.
a request for clarification
①A: I cant seem to find my phone. I thought I left it
in the classroom.
B: Where?
A: The classroom.
a request for clarification
②A: I placed the order for next week.
B: When?
A: Next Wednesday.
a request for additional information
③A: One of my teachers emailed me about my home⁃
work.
B: Who?
A: Professor Williams.
a request for additional information
④A: I need to tell you something.
B: What?
A: I need to tell you something.
a request for clarification
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
Continued
Dialogues Functions
⑤A: I need to pick up her apartment key today.
B: When?
A: 3 pm.
a request for additional information
7)连读
练习 1:朗读下列短语,请按示例对短语连读进行分类,放在表格中相应的列。
a pair of come out my aunt more over work out carry out
look at it after all brush up remember it no end throw away
consonant + vowel r⁃linking vowel +vowel
good idea later on any other
练习 2:朗读下列短语和句子,选出每组中有连读的短语或句子。
Groups Phrases and Sentences Choice for Word Linking
① A. come over
B. get better
② A. Matt lives
B. far away
③ A. sit down
B. do it
④ A. pink elephant
B. pink panther
⑤ A. Jenny works for her uncle.
B. James works for his father.
⑥ A. He runs fast.
B. Im on the train.
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•高中英语新课程教学设计与案例分析•
练习 3:朗读下列句子,在连读的单词之间标注⌒符号。
e.g. Not⌒at⌒all.
①Time is up.
②Please turn it on.
③Can I have a bit of egg?
④You all go out too often.
⑤They all buy at the arcade.
⑥Such a nice evening.
⑦Im already there.
⑧Where are your brother and sister?
⑨There is a pair of shoes under the bed.
⑩My goal is to travel around China.
练习 4:阅读下面短文,在连读的地方用 ⌒ 符号标注。
An old woman had a cat. The cat was very old; she could not run quickly, and she could not
bite, because she was so old. One day the old cat saw a mouse; she jumped and caught the
mouse. But she could not bite it; so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, because the cat
could not bite it.
思考与练习:
(1)设计两至三个语音意识提升活动。
(2)就重音、语调、意群与停顿,分别设计一个活动。
第五节 语音教学案例与分析
问题导入:
针对以下教学材料,你将设定什么教学目标、哪些语音教学活动?
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•第三章 语音教学设计与案例分析•
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