Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 课件+学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

人教新课标 必修二 Discovering Useful Structures Unit 4 History and Traditions 1.identify the past participle as the attribute, the objective complement, the predicative and the adverbial; 2.summarize the function of the past participle as the attribute, the objective complement; 3.practise using the past participle as the attribute, the objective complement, the predicative and the adverbial. Learning Objectives Underline the sentences below in the text and find out the past participles. And then discuss their functions. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack,... They had castles built all around England,... Presentation as the object complement as the attribute as the attribute The United Kingdom, Great Britain, England— many people are confused by... They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. as the attribute Then find more sentences with the -ed form in the text. as the attribute 过去分词或过去分词短语在句中可作定语或宾语补足语。 Past Participles as the Attribute (1) tired visitors a well-organised trip beautifully dressed stars Complete the phrases in the right column by using the past participles in the left column. Compare the meaning of each pair of phrases. Past Participles as the Attribute (2) visitors _____ of the long wait/... a trip _________ well by my workplace/... stars _______ beautifully at the event/... tired organised dressed 过去分词 Past Participles (1) Summary 过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作。 规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加-ed构成；不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。 过去分词一般在句子中可以用作定语（the attribute）、宾语补足语（the object complement）、表语（the predicative）和状语（the adverbial），但不能单独构成谓语。 一、过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义 1. 及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示____________；在时间上，常表示动作_______________，有时也不表示时间性。 E.g. He is a teacher respected by all. The high building built last year is our library. 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示_____________，只强调动作___________。 E.g. The ground is covered with the fallen leaves in autumn. 被动 已完成 被动 已完成 过去分词（短语）作非限定性定语，相当于非限定性定语从句，用来补充说明被修饰词的情况，通常用逗号与主句隔开。 The bridge, built last year (=which was built last year), is in use now. 这座桥，去年建成，现在已通行。 二、过去分词作定语时的位置： 1. 前置定语 一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在被修饰词 之前。有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。如： The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera. 污染了的水造成了霍乱的传播。 【注】如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。 E.g. Is there anything unsolved？ He is one of those invited. 二、过去分词作定语时的位置 后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词 之后。 E.g. Last Tuesday in a mountainous area, there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately (＝which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck. 三. 过去分词（done）作定语时与现在分词(doing)的区别 1. 过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别 　　　　意义 形式 语态 时态 过去分词 被动 完成 现在分词 主动 进行 E.g. As we all know, China is a developing country. The visitor came from a developed country. 2．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别 　　　　意义 形式 语态 时态 done 被动 完成 being done 被动 进行 to be done 被动 尚未发生 E.g. The building _____________ last year is our classroom building.（build） The building _____________ now is our classroom building.（build） The building _____________ next month is our classroom building.（build）   built being built to be built 四、过去分词作宾语补足语 1. 过去分词作宾补表示的意义。 过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 2. 能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类： (1). 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 E.g. I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。 E.g. He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。 (2). 表示“使,让”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 E.g. I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 E.g. He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 E.g. Don't leave those things undone.要把那些事情做完。 (3). 表示“希望”、“要求”意义的动词。如：like, order, want, wish等。 E.g. I would like this matter settled at once. 我希望此事立刻得到解决。 E.g. I wish my homework finished before five o'clock. 我希望5点前完成我的作业。 3.过去分词也可以用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。 E.g. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. Thank you! $$ 人教新课标 必修二 Unit4 Discovering Useful Structures导学案 【Learning Objectives】 In this class, students will： 1. identify the past participle as the attribute, the objective complement, the predicative and the adverbial; 2. summarize the function of the past participle as the attribute, the objective complement; 3. practise using the past participle as the attribute, the objective complement, the predicative and the adverbial. 【预习案】 找出下列句子中的过去分词，并分析它在句中的功能。 1. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. 2. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack 3. They had castles built all around England. 4. The United Kingdom, Great Britain, England— many people are... 【探究案】 1.过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作。 2.规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加-ed构成；不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成 规则。 3.过去分词一般在句子中可以用作定语（the attribute）、宾语补足语（the object complement）、表语（the predicative）和状语（the adverbial），但不能单独构成谓语。 过去分词作定语 一、过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义： 1. 及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示____________；在时间上，常表示动作_______________，有时也不表示时间性。 E.g. He is a teacher respected by all. The high building built last year is our library. 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示_____________，只强调动作___________。 E.g. The ground is covered with the fallen leaves in autumn. 二. 过去分词作定语时的位置 1.前置定语 一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。 E.g. The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera. 注：如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。 E.g. Is there anything unsolved？ He is one of those invited. 2.后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 E.g. Last Tuesday in a mountainous area, there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately (＝which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck. 三. 过去分词（done）作定语时与现在分词(doing)的区别 1. 过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别 　　　　意义 形式 语态 时态 过去分词 被动 完成 现在分词 主动 进行 E.g. As we all know, China is a developing country. The visitor came from a developed country. 2．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别 　　　　意义 形式 语态 时态 done 被动 完成 being done 被动 进行 to be done 被动 尚未发生 E.g. The building _____________ last year is our classroom building.（build） The building _____________ now is our classroom building.（build） The building _____________ next month is our classroom building.（build） 过去分词作宾语补足语 1. 过去分词作宾补表示的意义。 过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 2. 能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类： (1). 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 E.g. I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。 E.g. He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。 (2). 表示“使,让”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 E.g. I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 E.g. He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 E.g. Don't leave those things undone.要把那些事情做完。 (3). 表示“希望”、“要求”意义的动词。如：like, order, want, wish等。 E.g. I would like this matter settled at once. 我希望此事立刻得到解决。 E.g. I wish my homework finished before five o'clock. 我希望5点前完成我的作业。 3.过去分词也可以用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。如： E.g. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$